Post-test Results Research Articles

Application of the Inquiry-Based Learning Model with Education for Sustainable Development to Enhance Critical Thinking Skills and Sustainable Awareness

To improve the quality of education and develop students' 21st-century competencies, particularly critical thinking, the inquiry-based learning model presents itself as a viable option to enhance students' cognitive abilities and awareness of sustainability. Incorporating Education for sustainable development into the inquiry-based learning model introduces a relevant approach to addressing contemporary global challenges, especially in sustainable development education. This research seeks to assess the enhancement of students' critical thinking skills and sustainable awareness through the application of the inquiry-based learning model infused with ESD content. The research method used in this study is a quasi-experiment with a non-equivalent control group design. This research was conducted on class X students at one of the MAN in Bandar Lampung, with each class consisting of 35 and 36 students. Data were obtained from the results of pre-tests and post-tests of critical thinking skills, sustainable awareness questionnaires, and student response surveys. The results of the study indicate that there was an improvement in students' critical thinking skills between the experimental and control classes. There was also a significant difference in sustainable awareness between the experimental and control classes. The inquiry-based learning model integrated with ESD content showed a significant and fairly strong positive correlation between students' critical thinking skills and sustainable awareness

Impact of Haemodialysis: Analysis of Haemoglobin Levels and Blood Pressure Control in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease

Aims: To analyze the effect of hemodialysis on hemoglobin levels and blood pressure in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Method: The study used a one-group pretest-posttest design with 17 respondents. Data were collected using EDTA tubes, sphygmomanometers, and stethoscopes. A paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were applied to analyze the significance of changes between pretest and posttest results Results: The mean hemoglobin level before hemodialysis was 7.92 g/dL and increased to 8.50 g/dL after hemodialysis (p = 0.001). The mean systolic blood pressure decreased from 136.6 mmHg before to 124.0 mmHg after hemodialysis (p = 0.003). However, there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure, with an average of 80.6 mmHg before and 78.6 mmHg after hemodialysis (p = 0.180). Conclusion: It can be concluded that hemodialysis significantly increases hemoglobin levels and reduces systolic blood pressure in ESRD patients, while diastolic blood pressure remains unchanged. Regular monitoring of hemoglobin and systolic blood pressure is crucial for managing patient health. Hemodialysis effectively raises hemoglobin levels and reduces systolic blood pressure in ESRD patients. Regular monitoring of both parameters is essential for effective patient management. While the findings highlight the benefits of hemodialysis, the limited sample size may restrict the generalizability of the results. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and explore the long-term implications.

Evaluating the Impact of Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality on Urinary Catheterization Skills, Motivation, and Satisfaction in Nursing Students

Aims: The basic core skill and competency nursing students need is urinary catheterization. Semi-immersive virtual reality (SIVR) based research innovations based on situational learning theory have not been widely used to improve student proficiency. This study aimed to analyze the skills, motivation, and satisfaction of nursing students with urinary catheterization learning before and after the implementation of SIVR. Methods: The study was designed as a pre-test and post-test randomized controlled trial (RCT). The study population was undergraduate nursing students at the Bhakti Wiyata Health Sciences Institute, Kediri. The SIVR group (n=52) received catheterization skill practice through SIVR, whereas the control group (n=52) was given 2-dimensional video learning. The results obtained were catheterization skills, motivation, and satisfaction, which were evaluated before and after the intervention. In this study's statistical test analysis, the chi-square test and the independent t-test were used. Results: Post-test results showed a significant improvement in catheterization skills in the SIVR group (M = 92.74, SD = 1.05, p = 0.032) compared to the control group (M = 79.95, SD = 1.51), a significant improvement in motivation in the SIVR group (M = 6.48, SD = 0.54, p = 0.010) compared to the control group (M = 5.23, SD = 0.49), and a significant improvement in satisfaction in the SIVR group (M = 3.49, SD = 0.83, p = 0.024) compared to the control group (M = 2.88, SD = 0.52). Conclusion: SIVR simulation and video learning can improve nursing students' skills, motivation, and satisfaction. SIVR program learning can be recommended as an intervention for the effectiveness of the quality of practical learning following current technological advances and in the long term it is expected to improve graduates' practical skills.

Penerapan Media Ular Tangga untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa dalam Mata Pelajaran PKN Kelas V SDN Timbang

This study aims to measure the influence of snake and ladder media development in PKN learning on students' learning understanding in theme 2 of rights and obligations material in class V of SDN Timbang. This study uses a type of Quasi Exerimental Design research with a posttest-only control group design. In this study, the population is all students in grade V of SDN Timbang in Cigandamekar district, while the sample is 21 students in class VA and 22 in class V-B. The average posttest results in the control class were 69, and the average score in the experimental class was 86. The average experimental class increased by 12.05. Based on the results of the calculation using SPSS 29.00, it is known that the tcount value (3,111) > ttable (2,073) and the significance value of 0.003 < 0.05, it can be concluded that the use of snake and ladder media in PKN learning has an effect on the learning understanding of grade V students at Timbang State Elementary School, Cigandamekar District, Kuningan Regency

Home-Based HIFT Altered Quality of Life and Health Related Fitness Parameters in Women

The effects of high intensity functional training (HIFT) on health related components of fitness and quality of life were studied in the gym environment, but there has not been any study on examining the effects of HIFT by using bodyweight exercises at home environment on health related components of fitness and quality of life in women. The goal of this research is to examine the effects of home-based bodyweight HIFT on health related components of physical fitness and quality of life in women. Twenty-one recreationally active female participants (age 26.3 ± 3.7 years) were included in the study. After completing the pretest, participants applied HIFT at home with bodyweight exercises three times a week for a duration of eight weeks. Cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition and quality of life assessments were carried out in both pretest and posttest applications. Significant differences were observed between the pretest and posttest results of cardiovascular endurance (p=0.042), muscular strength (p<0.001), muscular endurance (p<0.001) and flexibility (p=0.001) parameters. No significant difference was observed between the pretest and posttest results of body composition analysis. Significant improvement (p=0.045) was found on the quality of life scale. Home-based bodyweight HIFT altered quality of life in recreationally active women and enhanced health related components of fitness, which could prevent the increase of health-related risk factors caused by inactivity.

The Impact of E-books on Thai EFL Undergraduates' Acquisition of Affixes and their Contentment with This Medium

The learning of affixes (prefixes and suffixes) by English as a Foreign Language (EFL) undergraduates is paramount since it enhances their vocabulary and helps them achieve fluency and proficiency in the English language. This paper aims to evaluate students’ command of affixes by using an electronic book (e-book) as a teaching method and examining students’ level of satisfaction regarding the learning of affixes through the e-book. The study employed a mixed-methods research design and included a sample of 50 first-year English for Communication students from Rajamangala University of Technology, Srivijaya. The research instruments used in this study included the pre-test, post-test, and an e-book satisfaction questionnaire, respectively. An interview was also used as a data-gathering tool in this research work. The findings indicated that the post-test results (26.40) yielded a superior outcome compared to the pre-test results (17.80). Furthermore, the e-book had an overall satisfaction rating of 4.57. In conclusion, the study found that students can significantly enhance their understanding of affixes, specifically prefixes and suffixes, by using unique e-books. For English teachers who encourage the use of e-books, the study's findings will have important implications since they will be able to use e-books for various uses in their respective classes when teaching EFL students.

Penyuluhan Hipertensi dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Obat untuk Mengontrol Tekanan Darah pada Masyarakat Nagrak dan Ciangsana

Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases with a high prevalence in Indonesia. This disease can cause various complications that lead to the death of the sufferer. Consumption of medicinal plants is one of the simple ways that ordinary people can do to control blood pressure. In this activity, counseling on hypertension and training on how to recognize and process native Indonesian medicinal plants so that they can be used to control blood pressure. Activity’s evaluation is carried out using questionnaires before (pre-test) and after (post-test) counseling and evaluation of the overall implementation. The results of the Wilcoxon signed rank test showed that the post-test results were significantly higher than the pre-test (p=0.046). After the training, participants became skilled in recognizing medicinal plants that are useful for controlling blood pressure as well as understanding how to process medicinal plant parts and the amount that must be consumed.

Effectiveness of Finger Hand Relaxation and Progressive Muscle Relaxation Techniques on Anxiety in Pre-Operative Sectio Caesarea Patients

Background: Anxiety is a common thing that occurs in patients who will undergo surgery. The anxiety that occurs in preoperative patients can be felt from the time they are scheduled for surgery until the time of surgery arrives. Anxiety management can be done using pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Purpose: The aim of this research is to analyze the effectiveness of finger grip relaxation techniques and progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety in pre-caesarean section surgery patients in the Kediri Regency Regional General Hospital. Method: This study used a Quasy-experiment With Pretest Posttest to determine the effect of finger grip and progressive muscle relaxation techniques. The sample selection in this study used a purposive sampling technique and a total of 56 patients were obtained who were divided into 2 groups, namely the finger grip intervention group and the progressive muscle intervention group. The pretest and posttest data for each group were then analyzed using the Wilcoxon Test to determine the effect and the Mann-Whitney Test to compare the posttest results of the 2 groups. Results: The results of the study showed that the Wilcoxon test in both intervention groups obtained a p-value < α (0.05), which means that before and after the intervention, both progressive muscle relaxation and finger grip relaxation had an influence on the anxiety level of pre-caesarean section patients. For the results of the Mann-Whitney test, the p-value was 0.063 or p-value > α (0.05), which means there was no significant difference between changes in anxiety whether those given progressive muscle relaxation intervention or finger grip relaxation. Conclusion: Finger grip relaxation techniques and progressive muscle relaxation techniques are both effective in reducing anxiety levels in pre-caesarean section surgery patients. So this non- pharmacological therapy can be an option for patients in dealing with anxiety problems before caesarean section surgery.

A Novel Device for Vergence Exercises: Testing Automatic Dual Rotational Risley Prisms on Asymptomatic Adults and Patients with Convergence Insufficiency.

This study investigated the effects of automatic dual rotational Risley prisms (ADRRPs), a mobile phone application-operated device, on vergence abilities in young adults. Fifty-six participants aged 20-24 performed vergence exercises. The test group used prisms with power changes from 30Δ base-out to 10Δ base-in, while the control group used plano lenses for 10min. Ophthalmic examinations included lateral heterophoria, near point of convergence (NPC), vergence facility (VF), negative fusional vergence (NFV), and positive fusional vergence (PFV), all measured before and after the vergence exercises. Pre- and post-test results were analyzed using a paired sample ttest. Additionally, three cases with convergence insufficiency (CI) performed similar exercises for 12weeks. Participants were divided into the test group (n = 39; age 21.82 ± 1.10years) and control group (n = 17; age 20.53 ± 0.51years). In the test group, NPC improved from 6.11 ± 2.52cm to 5.77 ± 2.30cm (p = 0.023). VF increased from 13.75 ± 4.10cpm to 16.50 ± 4.42cpm (p = 0.007). PFV at 6m and 0.4m increased from 19.49 ± 6.77∆ to 22.19 ± 6.64∆ (p < 0.001) and 20.51 ± 7.05∆ to 22.69 ± 6.44∆ (p = 0.012), respectively. After 12weeks, convergence insufficiency symptom survey scores for cases with CI decreased significantly, with NPC improving from 7.0 to 0cm, 6.0 to 5.8cm, and 6.0 to 4.7cm. PFV increased from 10 to 25∆, 20 to 30∆, and 25 to 50∆. This preliminary study showed the effect of ADRRPs on improving vergence abilities. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term sustainability and effects in a larger population of individuals with CI of this approach.

Effects of Collaborative Support on Learning in Serious Games for Programming

This study examines the effectiveness of a collaborative support method in enhancing programming learning outcomes in a serious game. The game Code Hasp was developed to facilitate the comparison between two support methods, worked examples and a collaborative peer support approach. A total of 111 elementary school students participated, divided into two groups. The experimental group received collaborative support from teammates alongside worked examples, while the control group relied solely on worked examples. Pre- and post-test results and in-game data revealed that the collaborative support method improved learning efficiency and problem-solving skills. A notable effect of the process was the emergence of a leadership role in most collaborative groups. The game’s support design and shared goal structure mitigate potential problems associated with unbalanced participation. These findings suggest that collaborative support systems in serious games are a promising strategy for promoting engagement and improving learning outcomes in programming education.

The Effect of a Jigsaw Type Cooperative Learning Approach Towards Primary Students' Understanding Concepts of Science Learning in Primary Schools

This research is based on the results of observations and interviews at SD Al-Hikmah Indonesia that the learning carried out is still limited due to time so that only the target of material completion is pursued, while the achievement of learning outcomes and students' understanding of concepts is still lacking. Learning is only student-centered. For this reason, there is a need for appropriate and effective methods in learning. Therefore, researchers tried to use a jigsaw type cooperative learning approach to overcome this problem. This research uses a pretest-posttest control group design, data collection techniques using test and non-test data. Test data was obtained from pre-test and post-test results, while non-test data was obtained from questionnaires. This research took as subjects students of class IV A and students of class IV B. In this research three meetings were held which included pre-test, learning and post-test. After applying this approach, the average gain for the experimental class was 0.49 and the control class was 0.25. The results of the research show that there is an increase in students' post-test results in learning using the jigsaw type cooperative learning approach. So it can be concluded that there is an influence of this approach on science learning on the subject of natural resources. The results of this research are recommended as a reference for further research, especially research that uses a jigsaw type cooperative learning approach in learning natural resources in order to improve students' understanding of concepts better in the future.

Pengaruh Senam Otak terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Budi Luhur Provinsi Jambi

The aim of the research was to determine the effect of brain exercises on cognitive function in the elderly at the Tresna Werdha Budi Luhur Social Home, Jambi Province. This type of research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design approach, pretest-posttest control group design. This research was conducted at the Tresna Werdha Budi Luhur Social Home, Jambi Province.The sampling method was purposive sampling of 22 people. 11 respondents in the control group and 11 respondents in the intervention group. Data measurement uses MMSE. Bivariate analysis used the Wilcoxon Rank Test and the Man Whitney test. The research results showed that the age frequency distribution of respondents was mostly elderly, female, and had elementary school education. The cognitive function of the pretest intervention group was mostly mild and severe cognitive function. The pretest and posttest results showed a significant increase, so that there was an influence of brain exercise on cognitive function in the elderly, with a p value = 0.002 (&lt; 0.05). There was a significant effect of increasing cognitive function before and after being given brain exercises at PSTW. It is hoped that PSTW can develop brain exercises to improve the cognitive function of the elderly.

The Effect of Word Square Learning Model on Elementary School Students' IPAS Learning Outcomes

This study aims to determine the effect of word square learning model on IPAS learning outcomes of fifth grade elementary school students of Lemahduhur II State Elementary School. This research is a type of quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design with a one group pretest-posttest model. The population used in this study were all students at SD Negeri Lemahduhur II as many as 194 students. The sample taken consisted of 25 students. The technique of collecting research data with Purposive Sampling. Technical data analysis to test the hypothesis was carried out by calculating descriptive and inferential statistics. The data was obtained from the pretest posttest results. The results of hypothesis testing, there is a significant difference between pretest and posttest. This is obtained by the sig value. (2-tailed) for the test is 0.000 &lt;0.05 then H0 is rejected. So with this hypothesis test shows that there is a positive and significant influence between the word square learning models on the learning outcomes of IPAS elementary school students.

Development of Domino Card Media in IPAS to Improve Learning Outcomes Students of SD Negeri Patemon 02 Gunung Pati District, Semarang City

One of the most important elements in educational activities is the learning media. But in practice, only a few teachers are able to take advantage of the learning media that exist today, this has an impact on student learning outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop domino cards as a learning media teaching science in elementary schools. This research uses the Research and Development method with the model used. namely Borg and Gall. This study involved teachers and 20 students in grade V of SD Negeri Patemon 02. Domino learning media was designed to meet the needs of teachers and students through documentation, interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The study results show the percentage of level of eligibility of domino card media by material and media experts with a percentage of 95% and 93% respectively with very feasible criteria. The pretest and posttest results show that domino card learning media improves student learning outcomes, with an n-gain value of 0.55 and moderate criteria. This shows that domino card learning media is effective for improving student learning outcomes science learning outcomes in learning grade V students of SD Negeri Patemon 02 human respiratory system material.

Softskill Base Arabic Language Teaching Model in Improving Talaqul Kalam for College Student in Universitas Sains Al-Quran Jawa Tengah Wonosobo

Arabic language learning has a major problem related to its renewal. Arabic language learning is always identical with grammatical (Qawa’id) aspects which seem to be rigid, complicated, and confusing. There are two major Arabic language learning orientations: as body of knowledge and mastery. The purpose of this research is to produce an Arabic language learning model based on soft skills to effectively improve the students’ Talaqah al kalaam at Universitas Sains Al-Qur’an (UNSIQ), Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. This research was considered as a field study in the form of Research and Development (R&amp;D) involving students from each faculty of Universitas Sains Al-Qur’an (UNSIQ), Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia. The research data were collected through observation, in-depth interview, questionnaire, test, and documentation. The collected data were then analyzed through several stages: (a) initial-product test analysis, (b) limited data trial result analysis, (c) extensive data trial result analysis, and (d) student learning response analysis. The research results showed that the Arabic language learning model based on soft skills had fulfilled the validity elements through Expert Judgment method and been considered very effective proven by the significant improvement in post-test results. This model was also proven practical proven by the test results showing that the supporting instruments, such as Course Learning Unit, Learning Module, Semester Learning Plan, Test Instrument, and Learning Implementation Sheet, were very good.

The impact of specific anaerobic exercises on the development of kinetic performance speed and skill level for the backcourt smash in volleyball

This study examined the impact of specific anaerobic exercises on the development of kinetic performance speed ("movement speed") and the skill level of volleyball players in executing the backcourt smash (from position 6). The researchers employed an experimental methodology using a single experimental group with pre- and post-tests. The sample included 12 players from the Abu Risha Volleyball Club participating in the premier league. Over eight weeks, the players underwent three training sessions per week, with three training sessions per week. The practical part of the training sessions began with the main section, each lasting 15 minutes dedicated to anaerobic exercises. The post-test results were statistically analyzed and discussed scientifically, supported by relevant academic sources. The researchers concluded that the specific anaerobic exercises significantly enhanced both the straight and diagonal kinetic performance speeds and skill levels of the backcourt smash from position 6, particularly towards positions 1 and 5. The researchers recommend adopting these exercises when aiming to develop the kinetic performance speed or skill level of volleyball players, to achieve high-level performance in the game.

Student Potential in Developing Beach Recreational Sports Events to Improve Local Tourism

The purpose of this study was to determine the level of student capacity in organizing recreational sports events based on the results of the pre-test and post-test scores. This study used a survey method with a quantitative descriptive research design. Data analysis used a percentage technique based on norm-referenced assessments. The subjects in this study were 30 students of Recreational Business Management. The data collection process used a structured questionnaire. Based on the pre-test and post-test data, the results showed that the Sig. (2-tailed) value was 0.0000.05, so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the results of the Pre-Test and Post-Test. This is reinforced by the fact that before carrying out recreational sports activities, the Post-Test results showed a percentage of 41% (Moderate). After carrying out recreational sports activities, the percentage increased to 70% (High).

Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Terhadap Hasil Belajar dalam Sub Materi Media Sosial di Kelas VII pada SMP Negeri 2 Darma

The low learning outcomes of Information Engineering (ICT) students in grade VII of SMP Negeri 2 Darma are caused by several factors, including students who are less motivated to learn ICT and also the factor of teachers who still use conventional methods or lecture methods so that in the teaching and learning process students tend to be passive. This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on learning outcomes in social media sub-material in grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Darma. The research approach used is a quantitative approach with an experimental research design type. The population in this study is 35 students with a sample of grade VII of SMP Negeri 2 Darma. The data collection technique uses a test. Data analysis using t-test. The results of the study showed that the pretest results had a mean of 46.42 and a posttest result of 68.71. Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning media has an influence on the learning outcomes of information technology (ICT) social media sub-materials. This is shown from the results of data analysis that the value of, t count = 10.911 &gt; t table = 2.650, so that the hypothesis proposed in the study is accepted, so that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) learning model on learning outcomes in social media sub-material in grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Darma

How Does Virtual Reality Technology Affect Suicidal Ideation in Society?

Mental health issues such as anxiety and depression are on the rise in communities. Ignoring severe mental health issues can lead to suicide, which is a global public health issue. The use of advanced tools and methods to prevent suicide can help save human lives. Visual tools and virtual technologies have multiple applications in the medical and educational fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of using virtual reality (VR) technology on suicidal thoughts. A quasi-experimental study was conducted, in which 189 individuals who had a history of suicide were tested. These individuals were divided into three groups: one control group and two intervention groups that received traditional and VR-based training for 90 days. The Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was used. The posttest results after the training period showed that conducting the training course had a statistically significant effect on individuals' suicidal behaviour and those who participated in the VR-based training course had better improvements in suicidal thoughts. Therefore, the use of 3D simulation and visualisation tools can have a significant impact on individuals' thoughts and perceptions. The results of this study have practical implications for hospital managers and counsellors in healthcare centres to use VR technology in counselling and training courses to improve the behaviour of individuals with a history of suicide.

The effect of gamified e-learning on marine ecology education: insights from Iranian maritime students

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a gamified e-learning experience in marine ecology among Iranian maritime students. A pre-test/post-test design was adopted to achieve this purpose, focussing on the gamified experience itself rather than comparing it with traditional instructional approaches. The statistical population consisted of 15 undergraduate students at a maritime institute in Tehran, Iran, who were randomly selected. Reliability tests were conducted to collect data, and the test’s validity was approved by teachers and experts in the field of environmental education. Its reliability was determined to be 0.75 using the Kuder-Richardson methodology. Participants engaged in a gamified learning experience over a 2-week period. The study highlighted the post-test results and participants’ perceptions within the gamified learning environment. The results revealed that e-learning paired with gamification had a positive impact on students’ engagement and understanding of geographically remote ecological topics, including coral reefs, mangrove forests, seagrass beds and endemic species of the regions. These findings provide valuable insights for environmental teachers, learners, authorities and curriculum developers in maritime educational systems, emphasising the potential benefits of incorporating gamified learning experiences in educational curricula.