Post-earthquake Serviceability Research Articles

Seismic Performance of Bridge Expansion Joints with and without Viscous Dampers during the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş Earthquakes

Expansion joints render bridge structures highly vulnerable to damage during strong ground motions. Failures of expansion joints triggered by earthquakes not only jeopardize the post-earthquake serviceability of the bridge but also have a significant impact on the bridgeâs overall seismic performance. Despite extensive investigations and efforts to integrate these measures into design specifications aimed at mitigating the consequences of relative movements between adjacent bridge spans, major earthquakes have still revealed instances of damage related to expansion joints. On 6 February 2023, strong earthquake sequences occurred in KahramanmaraÅ, Turkey, with magnitudes of M7.7 and M7.6. The fault lines and epicenters of these shallow earthquakes were near the city and town centers and caused severe structural damage to buildings and infrastructures. There are approximately 1000 railway and highway bridges in the earthquake-affected region. Although both highway and railway bridges have generally performed well, some bridges experienced structural damage during the KahramanmaraÅ earthquakes. A large number of damage on the bridges is due to pounding and opening relative movements in expansion joints. This paper presents a comprehensive seismic evaluation of expansion joint failure mechanisms on bridges without viscous dampers during the 2023 KahramanmaraÅ earthquake sequences and an in-depth investigation into the seismic performance of bridge expansion joints equipped with viscous dampers and shock transmission unit devices are implemented utilizing the strong ground motion data collected throughout the earthquake sequences. It can be stated that the near-fault induced significant directivity and fling effects, resulting in notable velocity pulses and permanent tectonic deformations, and that these effects contributed to the failures of expansion joints, viscous damper devices, pot bearings, and shear keys.

Optimal energy dissipation ratio of base-rocking walls

Base-rocking walls (BRWs) were excellent in maintaining enhanced post-earthquake serviceability and decreasing repair costs and downtime. However, little research has been aimed at finding the optimal range of energy dissipation ratio for designing BRWs. In this study, an approach was developed first for designing BRWs to obtain an intended level of energy dissipation capacity. Using the proposed approach, fifteen BRWs with different heights (i.e., 16, 25.6, and 38.4 m) and energy dissipation ratios (i.e., 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00) were designed and modeled using experimentally validated numerical models. Conducting nonlinear time history analyses using far-field (FF), near-field no-pulse (NFnP), and pulse-like (NFP) ground motions, the walls’ response features (RFs), including residual and transient lateral drifts, story acceleration, energy dissipation capacity, post-tensioning (PT) tendons strain, and structural demand were estimated and compared to the existing criteria. Proposing a desirability index (DI), the extent of criteria exceedance for the walls RFs was investigated to find the optimal range of energy dissipation ratio. The results showed that the walls designed by the developed approach could achieve the pre-assumed energy dissipation capacity. Increasing the energy dissipation ratio increases the lateral residual drift while decreasing the transient lateral drift, PT tendon strain, and wall demand. Increasing the wall height increases dissipated energy, exacerbating the adverse effects of higher modes while decreasing PT tendon strain. The obtained residual and transient drifts and PT tendon strain for NFP records are higher than those for FF and NFnP records. Moreover, the peak moment occurred at the lower wall height for NFP records. The adverse effects of higher modes are more evident in FF records. In general, for designing BRWs, the optimal energy dissipation ratio range was 0.50–0.75.

Post-Earthquake Serviceability Assessment Using the Convolutional Neural Networks and Deep Neural Networks

There have been studies using image processing techniques to assess damage of structure especially columns without sending individual to onsite. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and the entire Deep neural network (DNN) have shown state-of-art results in object detection and image classification tasks. This study proposed cascaded deep learning network for post-earthquake structural serviceability assessment. Major target deficiency components (crack, spalled area, transverse bar, and longitudinal bar) were used to determine the proposed damage states to assess serviceability of structure. Concrete surface cracks are major defect in civil structures. Structural Inspection which is done for the evaluation of rigidity and tensile strength of the building. Crack detection plays a major role in the building inspection, finding the cracks and determining the Structural health in the case of post-earthquake. The research paper is all about finding the serviceability results of the structure.

Post-earthquake Service Provision Analysis in Sisakht, Yasuj, in 2020

INTRODUCTION: An earthquake is a major natural disaster with widespread and great effects on human life and nature. Taking care of the basic needs of earthquake victims is an essential step that should be addressed immediately. Moreover, the evaluation of various problems after disasters, especially earthquakes, is of crucial importance for the affected people. The management of humanitarian aid and public assistance among these affected people is considered one of the most important post-earthquake concerns. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the post-earthquake challenges and strengths of providing humanitarian aid services in Sisakht, Yasuj, in February 2019. METHODS: This qualitative case study was conducted from March 2019 to July 2020. The studied population consisted of 20 participants including medical staff (n=10), clergy (n=2), crisis managers (n=4), and military personnel (n=4). The required data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews, which continued until data saturation. To evaluate the reliability of the data, the strategies recommended by Guba were used. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis based on the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. FINDINGS: The advantages and strengths of this study included humanitarian cooperation and coordination, as well as the timely presence of relief and rescue teams and law enforcement agencies from the post-earthquake first hours, which had a great impact on reducing the suffering of people. The challenges in providing post-earthquake services included health, medical, management, geographical, and spatial concerns and issues related to the earthquake victims (relief goods distribution problem and inappropriate information dissemination as the main challenges). CONCLUSION: Effective and appropriate management policies regarding the management of providing post-earthquake services and elimination of the structural and managerial obstacles can improve the operation and management of humanitarian aid.

Post-earthquake Service Provision Analysis in Sisakht, Yasuj, in 2020

INTRODUCTION: An earthquake is a major natural disaster with widespread and great effects on human life and nature. Taking care of the basic needs of earthquake victims is an essential step that should be addressed immediately. Moreover, the evaluation of various problems after disasters, especially earthquakes, is of crucial importance for the affected people. The management of humanitarian aid and public assistance among these affected people is considered one of the most important post-earthquake concerns. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the post-earthquake challenges and strengths of providing humanitarian aid services in Sisakht, Yasuj, in February 2019. METHODS: This qualitative case study was conducted from March 2019 to July 2020. The studied population consisted of 20 participants including medical staff (n=10), clergy (n=2), crisis managers (n=4), and military personnel (n=4). The required data were collected through observation and semi-structured interviews, which continued until data saturation. To evaluate the reliability of the data, the strategies recommended by Guba were used. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis based on the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. FINDINGS: The advantages and strengths of this study included humanitarian cooperation and coordination, as well as the timely presence of relief and rescue teams and law enforcement agencies from the post-earthquake first hours, which had a great impact on reducing the suffering of people. The challenges in providing post-earthquake services included health, medical, management, geographical, and spatial concerns and issues related to the earthquake victims (relief goods distribution problem and inappropriate information dissemination as the main challenges). CONCLUSION: Effective and appropriate management policies regarding the management of providing post-earthquake services and elimination of the structural and managerial obstacles can improve the operation and management of humanitarian aid.

Post-earthquake serviceability assessment of standard RC bridge columns using computer vision and seismic analyses

Modern design codes ensure a large displacement capacity and prevent total collapse for bridges under earthquakes. However, this performance objective is usually attained at the cost of damage to target ductile members. For conventional reinforced concrete (RC) bridges, columns are usually the main source of ductility during an earthquake in which concrete cover, core, and reinforcement may damage, and the column may experience a large permanent lateral deformation. Visual inspection is currently the preferred method of bridge assessment after an event. Nevertheless, sending inspectors to all affected bridges is time consuming and logistically challenging. An alternative method may save time, costs, and lives. The main goal of the present study was to accelerate post-earthquake assessment of standard RC bridge columns using computer vision and seismic analyses. Standard columns are those that are designed following seismic requirements. To achieve the project goal, a new quantitative definition was proposed for RC bridge column damage states suited for computer programming, the most comprehensive experimental database of standard RC bridge columns consisting of 290 specimens was compiled, then the database was statistically analyzed to relate the proposed column damage states to displacement demands. Furthermore, an artificial intelligence enabled software was developed to quickly detect RC bridge column damages, to comment on the column damage state, and to tag the column. A framework was proposed to assess the serviceability of standard RC bridge columns after earthquakes.

Fragility-informed seismic design of multi-column bridge bents with post-tensioned concrete columns for accelerated bridge construction

Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC) is playing an increasingly large role in bridge construction within urban centers due to faster installation, improved quality and lower cost. Concrete columns are prefabricated and connected together with footings and cap beams using either grouted splice sleeves, socket connections, or through post-tensioning. Precast unbonded post-tensioned (PT) concrete columns are protected from damage due to their ability to mitigate seismic demand through rocking. A numerical model is developed for rocking columns which is validated using published data. Seismic assessment of a two-column bridge bent constructed with precast PT concrete columns is carried out; column height-to-width ratio and ratio of initial posttensioning force to axial column capacity are selected as the assessment parameters. Performance limits are defined for the bridge model using non-linear pushover analysis. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis is carried out using nonlinear time-history analysis for a set of eighty ground motions. The results show that PT concrete columns provide sufficient re-centering to the bridge bent so that it remains serviceable after a large earthquake. An ABC bridge bent with unbonded PT concrete columns is designed using the outcome of seismic fragility analysis. The seismic performance of the fragility-designed PT bridge bent is compared to that of a bent with conventional cast-in-place (CIP) concrete columns using nonlinear time-history analysis. The seismic performance of the ABC PT bridge bent using fragility analysis satisfied performance objectives similar to a monolithic CIP bent designed according to the latest seismic design codes; in addition, the residual drift of the PT bent was practically zero. The fragility-informed approach for designing ABC bridge bents constructed with unbonded PT concrete columns presented is expected to promote post-earthquake serviceability and functional recovery after a large earthquake.

Cyclic performance of RC bridge piers retrofitted with UHPC jackets: Experimental investigation

Many existing reinforced concrete (RC) bridge piers do not have sufficient seismic-resistant capacities during the long-term service period. Seismic retrofitting of these piers will be an impending problem. In this study, quasi-static cyclic tests were conducted to investigate the efficiency of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) in strengthening the seismic performance of RC bridge piers. Three test specimens, among which one is a normal RC pier and the others are UHPC jackets-retrofitted RC piers, were used for the cyclic tests. Based on the experimental results, the effects of UHPC jackets on hysteresis response, strength, ductility, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, residual displacement, and curvature distribution, are analyzed and discussed. The results show that after being retrofitted by UHPC jackets, the curvature distribution and damage modes of the RC pier are changed, and the strength and stiffness are improved. Furthermore, 50 mm-thick UHPC jackets contribute to a significant reduction of residual displacement and equivalent viscous ratio, indicating improving post-earthquake serviceability of retrofitted piers. Numerical simulation was conducted to further investigate the influence of size of UHPC jacket on the envelope curve for the RC pier. It was found that for a fixed thickness or height of UHPC jacket, the strength of retrofitted pier would not increase with the UHPC jacket volume when it reached to a certain value.

Cyclic performance assessment of damaged unreinforced masonry walls repaired with steel mesh reinforced shotcrete

Unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings are rather popular around the globe due to low construction costs, even though they can be prone to substantial damage caused by even moderate earthquakes. Numerous URM buildings that have experienced damages from past earthquakes require to be upgraded or at least return to their undamaged state in order to be able to withstand future earthquakes. In many cases, reconstruction is not the best choice because of financial and time restrictions. As such, repair/retrofit is the best choice, assuring the post-earthquake serviceability. Furthermore, seismic repair/retrofit can be a cost-efficient method to avoid reconstruction complexities and expenses. In this study, steel-mesh reinforce shotcrete (SRS) is proposed as a cheap and simply conducted yet effective repair/retrofit method. To prove the enhanced capability of the proposed system, a series of experimental tests were carried out on typical 1:1.5 scale URM walls while considering influential parameters i.e., vertical load, presence of opening in the walls, and the effect of prior damage in the URM. The walls were first tested without any intervention to improve their response; then, the damaged walls were repaired using shotcrete on one side and tested again. The repaired/retrofitted walls performed even better than the undamaged URM walls. The results show notable improvement in lateral behavior resulting in an average increase of 288% in lateral strength capacity. More importantly, the repaired walls performed as well as the corresponding retrofitted undamaged wall. To quantify the response of the walls, response modification factors were calculated based on the backbone curves derived from the hysteresis curves.

Seismic Performance Assessment of Water Distribution Systems Based on Multi-Indexed Nodal Importance

Seismic performance assessment of water distribution systems (WDSs) based on hydraulic simulation is essential for resilience evaluation of WDSs under earthquake disasters. The assessment is mainly to determine how the water supply will be affected due to pipe breaks caused by the earthquake, with the water supply loss estimated based on the loss of supply to nodes. Existing research works usually use the average or overall performance metric of all user nodes as the system performance indicator without considering user nodes’ individual performance and criticality. This paper proposes a framework to evaluate the importance of user nodes considering post-earthquake rescue service and the seismic performance of individual user nodes in the WDS, which supports the pipeline renovation plan to improve the performance of critical user nodes. The importance of user nodes is evaluated by a multi-index model, including the indices for daily service, post-earthquake rescue service, and network topology influence of user nodes. These indices evaluate the importance of user nodes in terms of their roles for daily water service, emergent rescue service, and water transmission to other nodes, respectively. Fragility model of pipelines evaluates the earthquake-induced damages of the WDS, and the seismic performance assessment of the WDS system is performed by the hydraulic model of the WDS with pipeline damages. The proposed framework is implemented in an actual WDS; the results show that the importance classification to user nodes by multi-index approach can identify the critical user nodes for post-earthquake rescue service, which traditional methods may ignore. The importance classification and seismic performance of individual user nodes make it feasible to check the seismic performance of critical user nodes and formulate a targeted pipeline renovation plan to focus limited resources on critical user nodes.

ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN DI KLINIK PRATAMA BSMI KLATEN

Clinic is a health service facility that organizes individual health services that provide basic and specialized medical services, is organized by more than one type of health worker and is led by a medical staff (Menkes RI, 2001).
 Clinic Pratama BSMI Klaten is an institution engaged in the field of health services that provides quality basic health services. Present as a follow-up to the post-earthquake service process in Yogayakarta-Central Java on May 26, 2006 Inaugurated on November 13, 2006 by the Chairperson of the MPR. RI Dr. Hidayat Nurwahid, MA and the general chairman of BSMI DR.dr. H. Basuki Supartono, SP.OT, FICS, MARS.
 So far, the recording of patient medical records at the BSMI Klaten Primary Clinic is still using book media. This means that all these activities are carried out without the assistance of a computer so that it can result in lost or lost clinical records of various data. This, according to the author, is still very ineffective because it makes it difficult when presenting data such as an example of presenting data on treatment history or medical records for each patient which will take a long time.
 To overcome this problem, an information system that is able to provide fast information to patients and the public is needed. In order to improve services and improve the performance of each unit which is interconnected and integrated.
 Analysis and design of management information systems at the BSmi Klaten Pratama clinic which was made using the PHP programming language and the server using MySQL. The designed process consists of a registration unit, an initial examination of the patient by a nurse, a doctor's examination, a medical support unit, a pharmacy and a cash payment system, each of which can be data-integrated in a Clinical Management information system.

Rocking isolation of bridge pier using shape memory alloy

The conventional design philosophy of bridges allows damage in the pier through yielding. A fuse-like action is achieved if the bridge piers are designed to develop substantial inelastic deformations when subjected to earthquake excitations. Such a design can avoid collapse of the bridge but not damage. The damage is the plastic hinge formation formed at location of maximum moments and stresses that can lead to permanent lateral displacement which can impair traffic flow and cause time consuming repairs. Rocking can act as a form of isolation by means of foundation uplifting which act as a mechanical fuse, limiting the forces transferred to the base of the structure. In this context, this paper proposes a novel resilient controlled rocking bridge pier foundation, which uses elastomeric pads incorporated beneath the footing of the bridge piers and external restrainer in the form of shape memory alloy bar (SMA). The rocking mechanism is achieved by restricting the horizontal movement of footing by providing stoppers at all sides of footing. The pads are designed to remain elastic without allowing their shearing. The pier, the footing and the elastomeric pads are assumed to be supported on firm rigid concrete sub base resting on hard rock. By performing nonlinear dynamic time history analysis in the traffic direction of the bridge, the proposed pier with the novel resilient foundation is compared against a fixed-based pier and classical rocking pier (CC). The proposed pier rocking on elastomeric pads and external restrainer (CP+SMA) has good re-centering capability during earthquakes with negligible residual drift and footing uplift. In this new rocking isolation technique, the forces in the piers are also reduced and thus leading to reduced construction cost with enhanced post-earthquake serviceability.

Factors Corresponded to Health Service Utilization of Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) Patient in Health Center Lateri Ambon City Post-Earthquake

The objective of chronic disease management Program (Prolanis) encourages patient with chronic illness to achieve optimal quality of life and 75% of patient have the “good” results on the specific examination of the disease DM type II and hypertension so as to prevent the onset of disease complications. The purpose of this research is to know the factors related to the utilization of post-earthquake service Prolanis. This type of research is analytic survey research using cross sectional approach design. The population in this study is all prolanis patient who utilize the service in the Public Health center after the earthquake as many as 69 patient. The sampling techniques in this study were the total sampling so that the number of samples in this study of 69 respondents showed that there was no age-old relationship with the utilization of Prolanis services in post-earthquake community health centres (P = 0,271) However, there was a gender relationship (0.000), education (P = 002), and marital status (P = 0,006). Therefore, the Lateri Public Health Center can play an active role and reach out to prolanis patient who utilize the post-earthquake service so that they can maintain and increase the degree of health especially in people with chronic diseases such as hypotensions and diabetes mellitus.

Seismic Resilience Enhancement of Urban Water Distribution System Using Restoration Priority of Pipeline Damages

The malfunction of the water distribution system (WDS) following severe earthquakes have significant impacts on the post-earthquake rescue. Moreover, the restoration priority of earthquake-induced pipeline damages plays an important role in improving the post-earthquake serviceability of WDS and the “seismic resilience”. Thus, to enhance the seismic resilience of WDS, this study develops a dynamic cost-benefit method and introduces three existing methods to determine the restoration priority of pipeline damages based on a quantitative resilience evaluation framework. In this resilience evaluation framework, the restoration priority is firstly determined. Then the time-varying performance of post-earthquake WDS is modeled as a discrete event dynamic system. In this model, the system state changes after the reparation of pipeline damage, and the system performance is simulated by a hydraulic model to be consistent with the system state. In this study, this method is also tested and compared with other existing methods, and the results show that the system resilience corresponding to the restoration priority obtained by this method is close to that obtained by the global optimization method with a relative difference of less than 3%, whereas the calculation complexity is about 0.4% of the optimization model. It is concluded that this proposed method is valid.

Residual drift mitigation for bridges retrofitted with buckling restrained braces or self centering energy dissipation devices

A three-column reinforced concrete bridge bent that did not have reinforcement details necessary to provide adequate load capacity and displacement ductility was evaluated under seismic excitations. Two retrofit methods for improving its seismic performance were examined: (i) Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs), and (ii) Self Centering Energy Dissipation devices (SCEDs). The numerical model of the bridge bent was validated with previous in-situ quasi-static experiments of a full-scale bent. The BRB inelastic behavior was modeled using isotropic and kinematic strain hardening properties. Flag-shaped hysteresis with slip deformation and bearing were used to model the SCED. The numerical models of the BRB and SCED were validated with full-scale experiments of the brace members. Nonlinear time-history analysis was carried out using far-field and pulse-type ground motion sets to evaluate the seismic performance of the as-built and retrofitted bridge bents in the transverse direction. The performance limit states were defined using HAZUS criteria. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was implemented to evaluate the performance of the two retrofit methods up to the collapse limit state. The results show that a retrofit with either BRBs or SCEDs improves the seismic performance of the bridge bent by decreasing drift ratio demands, and reducing the maximum steel and concrete column strains. The BRB and SCED braces reduce damage to the concrete columns by dissipating a significant portion of the input seismic energy. SCED retrofit reduces the bridge bent residual drift ratio under strong earthquakes to acceptable levels; this improves post-earthquake serviceability, increases bridge resilience and keeps repair costs low. Bridge bent peak and residual drift ratio demands were found to be higher under far-field ground motions compared to pulse-type ground motions.

Water Distribution System Postearthquake Service Ratio Prediction with Repair Rate and Graph Index

AbstractA water distribution system is one of the lifeline systems of an urban area. Water distribution systems have been significantly damaged in past earthquakes. In this study, polynomial equati...

A Decision-Support Algorithm for Post-Earthquake Water Services Recovery and Its Application to the 22 February 2011 Mw6.2 Christchurch Earthquake

As the cost of lifeline disruption rises with the size and complexity of urban communities, increasing efforts are put into enhancing infrastructure resilience to natural disasters. Aiming to improve the understanding of water supply network seismic resilience, this paper examines in detail the initial performance and restoration of the water supply network following the 22 February 2011 Mw6.2 Christchurch, New Zealand earthquake. In addition, a method to optimize the recovery of such systems is developed in two phases: the prioritization of pipe inspection and prioritization of pipe repairs. The results inferred from the observed pipe repairs suggest that the recovery was carried out efficiently; however, applying the proposed methodology would have substantially improved the recovery of the system with a 30% reduction in the number of buildings deprived of water in the first two days. Assumptions and limitations of the modeling are also discussed and practical solutions given to apply this framework in real-time for post-earthquake restoration.

Shaking table tests of a single-span freestanding rocking bridge for seismic resilience and isolation

Rocking philosophy has advantages to maintain a preferable post-earthquake serviceability as an alternative of seismic resistant systems. This article presents an experimental study on the seismic behavior of a rocking bridge with freestanding columns capped with a freely supported deck. A 1/10 scaled, single-span double-column freestanding bridge was constructed and tested on a shaking table. The experimental results showed that the bridge model could undergo large rocking with enough stability under earthquakes and presented excellent post-earthquake resilience after earthquakes with limited damage and negligible residual displacement. The rocking bridge model also exhibited expected isolation efficiency, which increases as the level of excitations becomes more severe. In addition, an analytical model based on multi-block rocking mechanisms was used to calculate the displacement response. Compared with the experimental results, this analytical model well predicts the peak displacement of the rocking bridge model.

An Overview of the Health Services Provision in the 2017 Kermanshah Earthquake.

Iran, in terms of disasters, is among the top 10 countries in the world. Therefore, timely coordination and provision of rescue, transport, and treatment services after disasters are of particular importance. This study aimed to investigate and provide a short report on the provision of rescue, transport, and treatment services after the 2017 earthquake in Kermanshah. This was a review and a descriptive study conducted using the analysis of documents and news published on valid Iranian sites and reports of some service providers in 2017 after the earthquake in Kermanshah. The most important strengths of post-earthquake services were the military force's cooperation, people's support, sending the popular aid and donations to earthquake areas, and the tremendous national support and religious sympathy among the people. Sending the popular aid and donations was such that they resulted in the blockage of communication routes, heavy traffic on the roads, and disrupted the relief and rescue efforts process. However, the most important weaknesses in the provision of services after this earthquake were the lack of preparedness of the government systems and the lack of orderly management for appropriate assistance and relief and, therefore, there was an inappropriate distribution of popular aid and donations among the earthquake victims. Proper coordination and service delivery after unexpected events in Iran have a considerable distance to reaching the desired point. Unfortunately, similar problems had also occurred in other earthquakes such as the Bam and Rudbar earthquakes. The repetition of these problems indicates the authorities' lack of readiness and commitment to troubleshoot weaknesses in their emergency response plan. Therefore, it is necessary for government officials to have more preparedness in all related affairs and aspects. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:691-694).

Computational studies on the seismic response of the State Route 99 bridge in Seattle with SMA/ECC plastic hinges

This paper reports a computational study on the seismic response of a three-span highway bridge system incorporating conventional and novel substructure details for improved seismic performance. The bridge has three continuous spans supported by two single-column piers and integral abutments founded on drilled shafts. It will be the first full-scale highway bridge to use superelastic shape memory alloy bars (SMA) and engineered cementitious composite (ECC) to mitigate column plastic hinge damage and minimize residual displacements after a strong earthquake. A three-dimensional computational model capturing the nonlinear constitutive response of the novel materials and the effects of dynamic soil-structure interaction was developed to assess the seismic response of the bridge in finite-element software OpenSees. Two versions of the same bridge were analyzed and compared, one with conventional cast-in-place reinforced concrete columns, and the other with top plastic hinges incorporating Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) SMA reinforcing bars and ECC. The novel SMA/ECC plastic hinges were found to substantially reduce damage and post-earthquake residual displacements in the bridge substructure, but led to larger maximum drifts relative to the bridge with conventional reinforced concrete plastic hinges. The analysis results suggested that the novel plastic hinges could lead to improved post-earthquake serviceability of bridges after intense earthquakes.