Post-dental Treatment Research Articles

Effect of odontoplasty on intake, nutrient digestibility, and intake time of tifton hay in ponies

We aimed to evaluate the effects of dental correction on voluntary nutrient intake, time of intake, apparent digestibility and fecal particle size in Brazilian ponies. Twelve mares, with no history of previous dental treatments, housed in individual pens and fed a diet based on tifton 85 were used. The study comprised two consecutive experimental phases, pre and post dental treatment. Each phase consisted of 15 days for adaptation to the pen and treatment and 5 days for data collection, totaling 20 days. To calculate nutrient intake and digestibility coefficients, samples of diets, leftovers, and feces were analyzed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude fat (CF), mineral matter (MM), organic matter (OM), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). Food intake time was recorded using a digital video recorder. Fecal particles were analyzed by wet sieving. Dental correction did not influence the intake of DM, CP, NDF, CF, and OM by the animals. However, there was an increase in NFC intake from 0.12 kg to 0.14 kg and in food intake time from 654.50 ± 138.98 to 774.95 ± 167.14. There was a decrease in the digestibility of CP from 0.08 kg to 0.04 kg and an increase in the digestibility of NDF from 0.65 kg to 0.82 kg. Although odontoplasty increased the time of hay intake and the digestibility of the fibrous fractions of the feed of ponies, it did not influence the intake of nutrients and the size of the fecal particles.

Conjunctival pyogenic granuloma: A series of three case reports

Conjunctival pyogenic granuloma (PG) is an acquired, benign lobulated capillary hemangioma. The etiology of PG is not known properly. It is most commonly seen at a traumatic wound site or near a suture line after surgery and other insults. Herein, we report three cases of conjunctival PG and found a relationship with post-dental treatment in two of our cases.

Oral Rehabilitation of Beta Thalassemia Patient Treated Chair-side - A Case Report

Introduction: Thalassemia can be classified into alpha and beta depending on the reduced synthesis of alpha or beta chains present in hemoglobin (Hb),1 that results in reduced hemoglobin in body than normal. Aims: Aims at signifing the importance of timely dental treatment in Beta thalassemia patients. Case Report: Here we present a known case of beta thalassemia minor requiring a full mouth rehabilitation treatment performed dental chair-side. Discussion: Thalassemia minor patients inherit only a single beta-globin mutation and have a mild anemia.2 The evaluated predominance of β-thalassemia minor (carriers) in India is 3-8%, which transforms to 35-45 million carriers in 1.3 billion diverse population with culturally and linguistically multi-ethnic people.3. Conclusion: Several ethnic groups have a much higher prevalence of 4–17%.4 The Beta thalassemia minor cases usually go undetected and are often observed in tests for dental treatment or post-dental treatment.

Predictors of dental complications post-dental treatment in patients with sickle cell disease.

ObjectiveOur aim was to explore potential medical or dental indicators associated with dental complications and the utilization of emergency services in sickle cell disease (SCD), especially that clinical reports on adverse outcomes post‐dental treatment are scarce.Materials and methodsA retrospective analysis of dental treatments of 47 eligible adults with confirmed SCD between May 2016 and October 2019. Logistic regression analysis was used whether clinical outcomes, course of dental treatment, and regularity of dental care are associated with dental complications after dental procedures and/or resulted in emergency care or hospital admissions.ResultsWe identified a new, statistically significant association (p‐value = .01) between the number of prescription medications taken and complications (10%) after dental procedures. The most frequent dental procedures were tooth extractions (36%) and pain management (28%) during a non‐scheduled dental encounter (68%). The majority of cases did not participate in regular recall exams and periodical oral hygiene maintenance.ConclusionsA higher number of prescription medications was associated with an increased risk of post‐dental complications in SCD patients. A thorough medical history, including a list of prescribed medications, and collaboration with the patient medical team are important to assess the risk of complications post‐dental procedures and the need for antibiotic prophylaxis according to the case complexity.

Does dental appearance impact on employability in adults? A scoping review of quantitative and qualitative evidence.

Background The importance of physical appearance in social and professional situations has been well studied. It has been suggested that improving dental appearance may increase employment prospects. This scoping review aims to map the current literature regarding the impact of dental appearance on employability.Methods A scoping review was carried out in accordance with guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were developed iteratively, databases were searched and decisions on inclusion made in duplicate. Data were charted in Excel and synthesised using a visual map, study summary table and narrative description.Results We identified 16 relevant articles: ten experimental simulation studies, two qualitative studies, one cross-sectional survey, one pre-/post-dental treatment survey, one retrospective cohort study and one narrative systematic review. Experimental simulations support the notion that visible dental conditions can negatively impact appraisals of employment-related personal characteristics. Negative impacts on job-seeking self-efficacy and willingness to apply for jobs have also been documented.Conclusions The applicability of this evidence base to the UK health system context is uncertain and demonstration of real-life impact on employment is lacking. Further research is needed before programmes to improve dental appearance could be justified on the basis of improving employment outcomes.

Oral management of a patient with down syndrome and agammaglobulinemia: a case report

BackgroundDown syndrome is characterized by a variety of dysmorphic features and congenital malformations, such as congenital heart disease, gastrointestinal disease, and other conditions like leukemia and autoimmune disorders. Patients with Down syndrome are highly prone to respiratory tract infections, which might be fatal to them. However, there are only few available data on patients diagnosed with Down syndrome and agammaglobulinemia. In this report, we describe a case of successful prevention of post-dental treatment complications (e.g., pneumonia and other bacterial infections) in a patient with Down syndrome and agammaglobulinemia.Case presentationA 43-year-old man with Down syndrome, untreated agammaglobulinemia, and a history of recurrent pneumonia, was referred to our clinic for tooth mobility. To reduce the risk of post-operative infections, gammaglobulin treatment and prophylactic administration of antibiotics was scheduled before the dental procedure. Furthermore, the dental treatment, which included a filling and extractions, was conducted under general anesthesia and with the supervision of a hematologist. The dental procedures were successfully performed without any post-operative infection, and the patient is undergoing follow-up care.ConclusionsThe purpose of this case report was to recommend a close liaison between physicians and dentists who may encounter a similar case, and to emphasize the importance of improving oral health of immunodeficient patients to prevent infections caused by oral microbial flora.

ASSESSMENT OF DENTAL ANXIETY IN PRE AND POST DENTAL TREATMENT

Background: Dental anxiety is an affecting condition that aid normal persons to protect themselves in opposition to multiplicity of threats and pressure. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental anxiety in pre and post dental treatment. Methods: A total of 210 patients were selected who are first and/ or second visited for any dental complain. The selected patients were divided into two groups. Group I: pre-treatment Group II: post-treatment. In pretreatment 42.8 % male and 3.2% female was selected for the study. While 20.9 % male and 23.8 % female were selected for study in post-treatment. Corah’s Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) is used to assess the anxiety among the study population. Anxiety level is categorized into moderate, high and severe anxiety score. Results: The research found significant results in moderate, high and severe anxiety score in pre treatment group while severe anxiety score was observed in post-treatment group. Significant mean differences were observed in pre and post treatment anxiety group when compared with control while no changes were observed between pre and post treatment. A strong but negative correlation was observed in 15-20 years (male) with anxiety score in pretreatment group while negative strong correlation was observed in (female) 20-30 years anxiety post treatment group. A strong negative correlation was observed in unmarried / married male and female in pretreatment group. While positive strong correlation was observed in married female in post-treatment group. Conclusion: The results of this study are not representative of dental anxiety subjects during pre and post treatment. The prevalence of dental anxiety is obvious in married female however; it may be controlled by the positive attitude and behavior of dentists.

The conventional management of periapical cyst caused by post-dental treatment failure: A case report

Background: Periapical cyst is the typical type of cyst that found in dental practices. Periapical cyst is an advanced phase of dental infection due to caries. Untreated caries will leads to pulpitis and develop to pulp necrosis. Periapical cyst is formed following the necrotic pulp. This study aims to describe the conventional management by enucleation technique to periapical cyst due to post-dental treatment failure.Case Description: A 22-years-old female patient came to oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic with a chief complaint of palatal swelling since eight months ago. On clinical examination, there was palatal swelling of 2x1x1 cm in size and radiograph showed a periapical cyst about pulp gangrene of teeth 21 and 22. Trauma history was found about 5 years ago with anterior teeth fractured and treated with restoration. The cyst was treated by enucleation and extraction was carried out for pulp gangrene teeth. There was no obturator insertion. The treatment showed a good prognosis and no secondary infection noticed.Conclusion: The treatment of periapical cyst was successfully by non-surgery conventional therapy with endodontic treatment and surgery method by enucleation for the bigger lesion. Cyst enucleation can be done without any complication, such as periodontal tissue damage.

SALIVARY ALPHA-AMYLASE AS A MEASURE OF ANXIETY BEFORE AND AFTER DENTAL TREATMENT FOR VISUALLY AND HEARING-IMPAIRED CHILDREN AND THEIR MOTHERS

Objective: Visual and hearing impairments are known to profoundly affect children’s psychological development, including their anxiety. However, strong emotional relationship with their mother found in these children may help them cope. Measuring salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) in saliva samples is widely used in clinical settings as a reliable, non-invasive biomarker of anxiety level.Methods: Our objective was to evaluate sAA levels in visually and hearing-impaired children and their mothers before and after dental treatment. This study included 60 children with visual and hearing impairments and their mothers. sAA level of both children and mothers was sampled while they were together in the waiting room before treatment. The children then underwent dental prophylaxis in a separate room, and their post-treatment sAA was measured immediately afterward. At that time, their mother’s post-treatment sAA was sampled in the waiting room. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon test.Results: sAA levels were found to differ significantly between pre- and post-dental treatment (p<0.05).Conclusion: This difference indicates that reducing maternal anxiety would be of great benefit in reducing anxiety in visually and hearing-impaired children. Practical implications: Appropriately managing anxiety in this group of children can be of great benefit to dentists in daily practice, helping them provide the care that these children need.

An exploratory pilot study to assess self-perceived changes among social assistance recipients regarding employment prospects after receiving dental treatment.

BackgroundStrengthening self-efficacy in job-seeking among individuals with dental problems has been identified as an important factor in facilitating job procurement and maintenance. There is no knowledge about whether receiving dental treatment improves someone’s self-efficacy in seeking a job. This work explores this relationship.MethodsAn exploratory pilot study of a convenience sample of 30 social assistance recipients of Ontario, Canada, was conducted using a pre- and post-dental treatment survey, which included both quantitative and qualitative components. The survey included two validated instruments Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and Job-Seeking Self-efficacy scale (JSS). Changes in scores of both scales following dental treatment were calculated. Pearson correlation was performed between OHIP-14 and JSS scores. Qualitative data were transcribed and interrelated ideas were grouped together to generate themes.ResultsMean scores for OHIP-14 (23.4 to 6.7, p < 0.001, effect size: 1.75) and median scores for JSS (4.9 to 5.5, p = 0.002, effect size: 0.40) changed significantly after receiving dental treatment. A significant negative correlation (−0.56, p = 0.001) was observed between OHIP-14 and JSS scores indicating that job-seeking self-efficacy improves with improvement in oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). Qualitative analysis reveals participants’ physical and psychosocial impacts of dental problems; barriers experienced in accessing dental care and seeking a job; and changes perceived after receiving dental care.ConclusionResults of our survey indicate that social assistance recipients experience negative impacts of dental problems and perceive improvements in OHRQoL and job-seeking self-efficacy after receiving dental treatment.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12903-015-0119-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Oral homecare regimens and products

The maintenance of the oral health of veterinary patients is fundamental to the maintenance of their overall health. Oral ill-health and untreated diseases are considered to contribute significantly to, or exacerbate, many other systemic illnesses that animal patients suffer, often due to a transient bacteraemia originating within the oral cavity, and these diseases can be painful. Anecdotally, many clients return with their animal post-dental treatment and report that they are like a puppy or a kitten again. This is simply because having cleaned away the plaque bacteria from the sulcus during the dental procedure, the animal does not then suffer this influx of bacteria from the sulcus through the breached epithelium and into the bloodstream every time it eats, closes its mouth or holds on to a toy. A persistent low-grade bacteraemia will take its toll on any animal and insidiously age it. The promotion of oral homecare and the provision of advice and guidance with regards to protocols and products is largely the responsibility of the registered veterinary nurse (RVN) or veterinary technicians in veterinary practice, and as such they should aim to promote preventative health care rather than reactive health care. This article aims to explore the different types of products available to enhance good oral homecare and examine their claims, before suggesting an optimal ‘goldstandard’ oral homecare regimen and compromises to this optimal regimen.

Complications of IV sedation for dental treatment in individuals with intellectual disability

Few studies have looked at the incidence of complications performed with IV sedation for dental treatment. The purposes of this study were to (1) delineate the nature and frequency of postdental treatment complications associated with dental treatment under IV sedation in individuals with intellectual disability, and (2) correlate morbidity reports with patient’s gender, age, and duration of dental procedures.Materials and methods28 Patients with intellectual disability, 13 females and 15 males, aged 3–36 years. IV Propofol was given 1 mg/kg IV Propofol bolus Incremental top ups of 0.25 mg/kg Propofol as required. If the patients were dental treated, then postcomplications while recovering in hospital were evaluated. Statistical comparisons of patient complications, gender, age, and duration of dental treatment were made.ResultsThere were no reported serious adverse effects. Minor posttreatment complications occurred in 7 (25%), agitation in 28.6%, sleepiness in 28.6%, drowsiness in 14.3%, and pain in 14.3%, followed by dental bleeding in 14.3%. Gender of the patients was found to be significantly related to post-operative complications, while age and duration of dental treatment showed no significant relationship.ConclusionIV sedation with Propofol for patients with intellectual disability for dental treatment appears to be with minor complications.

Myasthenia gravis: dental treatment considerations.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder that presents challenges for the dental practitioner. Facial and masticatory muscles may be involved and complicate dental treatment. Exacerbations of the skeletal muscle weakness and fatigability that characterize this disorder can be precipitated by certain medications used in dentistry. A review of 47 dental treatment episodes in 16 patients with myasthenia gravis was undertaken to identify neuromuscular responses to dental treatment and post-dental treatment medical therapy required for control of resultant exacerbations of muscular weakness. Neuromuscular sequelae occurred in 5 treatment episodes for four different patients. Management considerations and drug precautions are discussed.