Moral Position Research Articles

دور القيادة الإدارية في رفع الروح المعنوية والإنتاجية لدى موظفي وزارة الإعلام بالرياض

This study aimed to identify the leadership patterns prevailing in the Ministry of media, and it is also aimed to know the level of morale spirit of employees in Ministry of media as well as to know the prevailing leadership patterns in level of morale spirit of employees in Ministry of media. The study used the descriptive methodology because it is suitable with the study issue through describing leadership patterns prevailing in Ministry of media. The study community represented in all those who are working in the Ministry of media from first rank up to the tenth rank that consisted of 322 employees where the questionnaire has been distributed to all study community individuals, about 242 questionnaires have been retrieved and (12) questionnaires have been removed due to its invalidity; therefore, the researcher has obtained (230) questionnaire valid for statistical analysis i.e. 71%. In order to fulfill the study objectives, the researcher has used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting study data that consisted of three parts (personal information, leadership patterns, the level of moral spirit). The study results revealed that the democratic pattern is prevailing in Ministry of media and following of corresponding and autocratic pattern by the officials in Ministry of media was not confirmed. It is clear from declination results that the independent variable (the democratic pattern) is the only independent variable that been inserted in declination equation for prediction by moral spirit position with employees of Ministry of media whereas the leadership pattern has been removed (Correspondence, autocratic) from the equation which stating that it doesn’t effect on morale spirit of employees in Ministry of media. In the light of these results the researcher recommended several recommendations the most important of which are: trying to do all that fostering the practice of Democratic leadership pattern in Ministry of media, awareness of leaders in Ministry of media not to be affected by workers’ desires, to encourage the leaders in Ministry of media to use justified evaluation among employees and to notify them by job justice and giving them money and morale incentives, guiding the leaders in Ministry of media to observe personnel’s capabilities when distributing the tasks among them, and directing leaders in Ministry of media to provide enough training opportunities to the workers.

Grey areas in restorative dentistry: part 1. what are the aims of treatment?

Every dental practitioner makes decisions about how to manage the various clinical and ethical challenges that patients present. There is a need to balance the demands of the patient with the ethical requirements of the profession and the moral position of the practitioner. It is essential to establish with the patient, before any treatment is carried out, what outcomes are required so that a mutually agreed care plan can be drawn up and acted upon. This article explores the clinical and moral and ethical challenges that can arise in the patient–practitioner relationship. CPD/Clinical Relevance: All practitioners will be faced with the issues raised in this article.

Our other Others: on perpetration, morality, and ethnographic unease

AbstractThis article critically assesses the impact of political and moral positions within contemporary anthropology. Re‐examining ideas of advocacy and the ethical within the discipline, it argues for an alternative political anthropology that focuses on perpetration rather than victimhood, offenders rather than the offended. If anthropology wants to be a discipline that works against social wrongs and suffering, then understanding the positions and perspectives of those causing them is, we contend, a necessary point of departure. Yet how can we approach people ethnographically who transgress bodily, legal, and moral boundaries, and why is this not more commonly done? In answering these questions, we analyse mainstream disciplinary ethics, both current and historical, and highlight some of the reactions that the study of perpetrators evoke in anthropologists. This illuminates an inconsistency within political anthropology. While there is ample theoretical and ethnographic nuance within the subdiscipline, this complexity seems to fade when we focus on perpetration. We suggest that anthropology engages more fully in the study of perpetration and approaches the issue by clarifying how (mis)dynamics are anchored within shared social worlds and historical becomings. This article thus calls upon us to expand our anthropological attention and curiosity beyond what might be morally comfortable.

Regula Et Mensura: Philosophical Exploration of Moral Position in The Indonesian Legal System According to The Thoughts of Thomas Aquinas

The relationship between law and morals in the perspective of legal thought focuses on the conflict between positivism and natural law. The main problem concerns whether or not there is a relationship between the two rules which influence the existence and validity of legal rules so that they bind members of society. The aim of this research is to find out the legal system in Indonesia and how the position of moral values is towards the legal system in Indonesia and its practice in the justice system in Indonesia. The research method used in this writing is a normative juridicial method, namely legal research conducted by examining library materials and examining laws and regulations related to the problem. The results of this study indicate that the moral position is very influential on the legal system in Indonesia and in its enforcement, because the morale of law enforcement officials is needed to archive true justice. Good law enforcement requires implementation that is directed at the process of archiving goals which includes the actualization of values/morals towards law enforcement officials or often referred to as the legal structure that underlines and becomes a reference for the behavior of law enforcement processes, which is aimed at at achieving legal goals. To elements of good law enforcement.

THE PLACE OF THE DETECTIVE IN THE MODERN LITERARY PROCESS AND THE STUDY OF WORKS OF THE DETECTIVE GENRE AT SCHOOL

In the modern world, there is a pressing question about what school-aged children read, as their minds are actively shaped by social media and the vast array of information available on the inter-net. It is essential to include works by contemporary authorsin the school curriculum, whose texts act as intertextual and hypertextual dialogues that engage with the literary works of previous eras, guiding young readers in the right direction. In this paper, we attempt to identify the need for study-ing detective literature in schools as the most popular genre. This genre is represented by various subgenres, such as historical detective and new detective. This is due to the phenomenon of post-modernism, which inextricably links literature and cinema, and features such as rethinking of histo-ry. The study of such works at school is seen as one of the right solutions to the problem of reading both in literature lessons, as well as history, geography, since the way of knowing the world through a work of art is one of the key ones in the formation of personality and the formation of the worldview and moral position of the younger generation.

A matter of balance. Positioning of parents' selves through negotiations of symptoms' meaning at a pain clinic for children/young people.

This paper traces how the meaning of symptoms and the positioning of selves are entangled and discursively constructed in therapeutic conversations between parents and therapists at a pain clinic for children and young people (age 8 to 18) with recurrent or chronic pain or other somatic symptoms with no established biophysical pathology. Based on data material from an ethnographic fieldwork it is examined how the selves of respectively children/young people and their parents are discursively positioned in conversational encounters and the role positioning of selves play in the context of establishing and negotiating the symptoms' meaning. The bearer of medically unexplained symptoms is oftentimes subjected to moral assessments. In this paper it will be shown that parents, in the institutional setting of the pain clinic, enter the negotiation of moral assessments assigned to their children, and that these moral assessments not only concern the sufferers' selves but also the selves of the parents. The overall argument is that dialogues between parents and therapists concerning the meaning and source of their children's symptoms are simultaneously negotiations in which not only the sufferers' but also their parents' moral positions are at stake.

Ethics of abortion in transplantation.

The controversial medical procedure of abortion is the subject of this article. It argues that for transplant patients, including recipients, abortion is ethical. In June 2022, the United States Supreme Court overturned the long-standing decision of Roe v. Wade. This decision has led to a socio-legal environment where obtaining an abortion is impossible for some patients. However, the moral position relating to patients who have undergone transplants or are on a waiting list has been largely overlooked. End-stage renal, liver, and heart disease presents a hazardous situation for pregnancy, posing risks to both the fetus and the pregnant person. The abortion procedure is medically safer and allows a patient to proceed with a transplant. Limiting access to abortion or preventing it altogether will have a significant negative impact on transplant patients. The ethical analysis of abortion can be likened to compelling a relative or loved one of a transplant recipient to donate an organ to their family member or loved one. This article emphasizes the importance of maintaining the legal availability of abortion for transplant patients. Allowing abortions in transplant patients upholds ethical parity, as seen in the analogous situation of live organ donation.

Discourse Analysis and the Newly Qualified Social Worker: Liberty Protection Safeguards and Beyond

This article explores the application of Critical Discourse Analytic methods learnt during a (Social Work) Master’s degree, in the author’s first year of practice as a newly qualified social worker. The focus is the Liberty Protection Safeguards and how the discourse analytic techniques utilised may be translated into specific practice learning. An extract from the author’s Critical Discourse Analysis of the Liberty Protection Safeguards factsheets is presented before further exploration of analytic methods in the context of both literature and personal practice reflections. Specifically, the four issues addressed are: A. Considering how language signals a certain (ethical, social, political, moral) position. B. How language helps construct and reconstruct practice. C. What it means for social work practice to remain open to the consequences of language. D. Considering writing as a form of social work practice. Discourse analytic methods may complement social work values, considering the ethical stance that underpins our work. It is argued that critical discourse analytic tools and the learning arising from them can have a direct influence on social work practice through encouraging practitioners to remain open to language and questioning of the role of power in communication.

Science communication in a diverse world

Recent years have brought a welcome and needed attention to diversity and inclusion in science communication. This diversity covers language, geography, religion, gender, sexuality — and politics. But with diversity comes complication, where our interest in public communication of science and technology comes in conflict with our identities, our politics, and sometimes even our moral positions. This paper presents a number of examples, highlighting the need for science communicators to be self-reflective about their commitments and how they shape their activities as science communicator practitioners and researchers.

Kant on the self-preservation of reason

The concept of self-preservation was one of the central concepts in modern philosophy and jurisprudence. Many researchers rightly point out that this concept was quite justifiably associated with the human reason. In Kant’s philosophy you can also find this idea of self-preservation of the reason, primarily in the sense of the self-affirmation of the reason. But this plot, strange as it may seem, does not play any important role in modern studies of Kant. Undoubtedly, the “rationality of self-preservation” underlies all cognition and action, but this is only one meaning of self-preservation. In “Metaphysics of Morals” Kant talks about “moral self-preservation”, which consists in the fact that a person does not violate his ethical and legal obligations. At the same time, for Kant, self-preservation also stands for a strong moral position that is goal-oriented. In this connection, Kant talks about the preservation of “humanity in our person”. Where self-preservation becomes a special topic in Kant, it is about the sentences about goals, about formation and development, about overcoming immaturity. This topic is explicated through a number of other concepts: self-thinking, self-determination, self-mastery, self-control, self-approval, self-feeling, self-legislation, autonomy, etc. As you know, Kant compares the categorical imperative with a “compass” with which people can orient themselves in their actions. However, for complete orientation, knowledge about the world and people is required; attention must be paid to specific things and real people. In his article “What does it mean to orient oneself in thinking?” (1786) Kant formulates the “maxim of the self-preservation of reason”, which appears as a concretization of the idea that a rational being exists as an end in itself. This maxim is identified with the maxim of self-thinking, the purpose of which is to overcome immaturity. As you know, this fundamental thesis is a program of enlightenment. “The maxim self-preservation of reason”, as the supreme principle of our use of reason, can be interpreted as a maxim of the second order. It is important to emphasize that the scope of application of this maxim is much wider and more comprehensive compared to the scope of application of the categorical imperative.

THE MORAL AND ETHICAL POTENTIAL OF A FUTURE TEACHER’S PERSONALITY – THE FOUNDATION FOR THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

The article examines the resource capacity of future teachers’ moral and ethical potential as a guarantee of the productivity of their training for creative professional activity. The article aims to substantiate the moral and ethical potential of an individual’s personality as a personal resource to ensure the productivity of future teachers’ professional training for pedagogical activities and the ways of its formation in the conditions of university education. The study operated methods of analysis, generalisation, and specification of theoretical positions and the results of empirical research on forming the moral and ethical potential of future teachers in university education conditions. The essence, content, structure, and main characteristics of this complex phenomenon have been clarified and specified. The moral and ethical potential of a personality is defined as an integrated personal creation that organically combines professional moral and ethical views, the professional orientation of mental processes towards interaction and communication, pedagogical optimism and democracy, moral efforts, and actions aimed at improving the moral and ethical sphere of the future teacher and ensuring positive results in the professional branch. It has been established that these indicators of the moral and ethical potential of a personality positively affect the productivity of future teachers’ professional training if they achieve their goals in the process of developing moral and ethical qualities and professional improvement. This potential has a complex structure, encompassing interconnected components, including motivational one – a positive attitude towards people and moral norms regulating their behaviour in life and activity; moral-orientational one – knowledge of moral norms and ethics of behaviour concerning the rules accepted in society, requirements for the personality of a professional, and their actions and deeds; ethical-operational one – mastering moral and ethical experience in the professional and pedagogical sphere of activity; volitional one – self- control, management of one’s behaviour concerning adherence to moral and ethical norms in the course of pedagogical activity; control-evaluative component – self-assessment of one’s actions in transmitting moral and ethical norms, behaviour, and during the resolution of pedagogical problems. The practical course “Secrets of Pedagogical Ethics” has been developed and tested, aimed at forming these components of the future teachers’ moral and ethical potential. The effectiveness of active forms and methods of forming the professional-moral orientation of future teachers has been confirmed, including discussions, ethical conversations, debates, and presentations, as well as technologies of personality- oriented learning, cooperation technologies, and creativity development (SCAMPER). Based on the research results, it is concluded that moral and ethical potential serves as an effective means of performing professional functions, demonstrating moral and ethical positions, humanity, ethical actions and deeds, pedagogical tact, and professional pedagogical ethics of a teacher. Its formation should be considered as a core task of professional pedagogical training. Prospects for further research are seen directly in the development of the following aspects of the problem: updating the techniques for using the moral and ethical potential of students in ensuring the success of their professional training; theoretical substantiation of various types of technologies in the development of the moral and ethical potential of future teachers, forms, and systems for assessing and controlling the formation of this complex personal creation as an important resource for the positive dynamics of their professionalism level.

Derzhavin’s authorial myth

The article characterizes the concept of G. Derzhavin’s personality, which he constructs in his poetry. This concept is considered as an authorial myth, an author’s myth-making. In his poetry, Derzhavin creates an image that directly correlates with his life and personality. When creating many poems, he associated them with specific biographical facts; thus, in the artistic context and the author’s interpretation, the image of the lyrical hero in Derzhavin poetry acquires certain mythological features. The purpose of the study is to identify the key texts and cross–cutting principles that form the basis of G. Derzhavin’s authorial myth. The article analyzes his poems “Felica”, “Philosophers. Drunk and Sober”, “God”, “Monument”, “To Tonchiy”, “Freedom”, “To Myself”, “To Eugene. Zvanskaya's Life”, “Recognition”. As a result, the main aspects of G. Derzhavin’s authorial myth are revealed, in which Derzhavin appears to the reader as a statesman, poet, philosopher, landowner and an ordinary person with his inherent weaknesses. This myth is based on a moral position defined by such qualities as candor, truth and virtue. Derzhavin’s personality is represented in his authorial myth as the embodiment of a Russian person’s national qualities.

“You’re my people”

In The Last of Us Part II, the second installment in the hit video game series, players are made to reckon with the moral consequences of its protagonist Joel’s disastrous actions in the previous game. For his inaugural column, Ramzi Fawaz argues that the sequel “is one of contemporary popular culture’s most explicit statements of what political theorist Hannah Arendt calls ‘representative thinking.’” The video game as a medium makes representative thinking an embodied experience, forcing players into a range of perspectives and moral positions as they both commit and become victims of virtually enacted violence. In doing so, the game functions a critique of “the ceaselessly spreading network of human violence and its unforeseen consequences,” and testament to the forms of collectivity and connection that are forged in its wake.

Moral Values and Progressive Judgess Position in Law Enforcement in the Indonesian Judicial System

Morals and the legal system in Indonesia correlate with forming laws in Legislative Regulations (legislators) and should make Pancasila values fundamental values or the source of all sources of law, bringing consequences for the makers of Legislative Regulations to become guides and guidelines in conducting legislative function. Ironically, the legislators show paradigmatic problems and a crisis of ethical awareness in the formation and enforcement of laws in Indonesia. This article examines the position of moral and progressive judges in the administration of justice in Indonesia. So what emerges is legal development and law enforcement that is stagnant, centralized, corruptive, very far from divine and humanist values, and far from achieving social justice, so that it will give birth to decisions that are effective and based on law in society and have social justice because law for humans, not humans for law and realizing substantive justice. In the practice of the judicial system, many judges decide cases progressively. It can be seen in the addition of Angelina Sondakh's sentence by Judge Artidjo Alkostar at the cassation level.

To err is human but to persist is diabolical: Toward a theory of interactional policing.

Social interaction is organized around norms and preferences that guide our construction of actions and our interpretation of those of others, creating a reflexive moral order. Sociological theory suggests two possibilities for the type of moral order that underlies the policing of interactional norm and preference violations: a morality that focuses on the nature of violations themselves and a morality that focuses on the positioning of actors as they maintain their conduct's comprehensibility, even when they depart from norms and preferences. We find that actors are more likely to reproach interactional violations for which an account is not provided by the transgressor, and that actors weakly reproach or let pass first offenses while more strongly policing violators who persist in bad behavior. Based on these findings, we outline a theory of interactional policing that rests not on the nature of the violation but rather on actors' moral positioning.

Moral Position In Legal Science: An Analysis of The Dynamics of Legal Science Development

The emphasis of moral principle lies in the beneficial purpose of law subjected to lengthy problems regarding the placement. Different analyses have been carried out relating to the effects of natural law and positivism in legal science. Therefore, this study aims to achieve an understanding of the position of moral principle in legal science in the dynamics of legal development. The results show that moral principle assumes a significant role in legal science in the context of natural law theory. Conversely, positivism suggests the purification of legal constructs from moral components, emphasizing the need to remain detached from moral principles.

STUDY OF ARTISTIC FOLK EDUCATION AS A CONDITION FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TEACHING

The article is devoted to the problem of inconsistencies in the implementation of art education in the State Standard of General Secondary Education of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the task was set to demonstrate the importance of public art education as the basis for the education of young people. The study was conducted using the methods of theoretical, empirical research and general methods of scientific research.The article analyzes the forms of non-formal art education introduced by cultural and artistic figures in 2004. Restoring the experience of ethnic festivals and preserving the traditions of artistic families becomes the basis for the implementation of the state standard of general secondary education. The comparative analysis demonstrates the importance of combining different approaches in the formation of public education in the country, preserving the spiritual, moral and ideological positions of young people. The experience of leading artistic families in popularizing art education in the region is analyzed. The influence of prominent artists on the formation of interest in Ukrainian culture among international partners is studied. An example of the assimilation of individual experience of artists to the challenges of life is given.The conclusions summarize the importance of combining art and public education for the formation of key competencies, harmonious personal development, and the reproduction of the sacred meaning of art education. It has been shown that the art education sector has a number of gaps in its implementation and future development. The task of the teacher is to develop the spiritual and psychological spheres of the individual; actualization of historical, cultural, artistic or ethnographic influence; formation of skills to look for hidden meaning in the language of art: understanding the non-verbal dialogue with the author, learning to decipher the composition code and learning to understand the principle of the universe, the laws of the world continuum through art; creating parallels during lessons, trying to fill the entire educational space with art (musical minutes during breaks, musical accompaniment during intellectual tasks, the use of stimulating visual content in the space of the educational institution, visiting the workshops of artists and sculptors, holding master classes in museums), which enhances informal education.It is assumed that the creation of an artistic educational product should have a gender aspect in the popularization of influence, the economic background that always surrounds the student and determines his or her artistic and aesthetic preferences. A successful combination of didactic tools of influence and the achievements of Ukrainian folk art can become a source for implementing a comprehensive process of psychotherapy for young people in the context of war and postwar.

Khat-Chewing, Adiaphorisation and Morality: Rethinking Ethics in the Age of the Synopticon

In June 2014, the UK Government made khat (Catha edulis) a Class C drug under the UK Misuse of Drugs Act. Based on limited evidence, this decision went against the Government's own Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs and has divided members of the British–Somali diaspora, where khat is a popular form of recreation. The Government’s decision to ban khat highlights broader questions regarding how ethical legislation is implemented within post-industrial societies, exposing postcolonial power systems that ‘Other’ migrant groups through synoptic control. Based on qualitative interviews with members of the Somali diaspora and external agencies in Northern England, the research explores how this system fails to consider khat's complex moral position while framing users and those living within the diaspora as deviant.

Religious foundations of duty

It is noted that, simultaneously with the emergence and development of human society, the presence of certain general rules in regulating the behavior of members of society arises. Social life at all stages of its development required the presence of such rules with which we humans could coordinate our behavior and actions and count on a certain predictable result from such behavior or actions. At various stages of the development of society, these or other social regulators become a tool for ensuring such a need. Historically, social norms formed under the influence of requirements and patterns of development of primitive society become the first social regulator. To a greater extent, such societies normalized their focus on the duties of the individual by installing a large number of prohibitions that required members of the society to refrain from undesirable behavior.
 It is indicated that with the complication and branching of social relations in society, general social norms support the impetus for further development and are differentiated in the following form of social regulators, in particular, morality, religion, and law. In our opinion, this order of progression of the development of social regulators is correct and natural. That is, initially the individual in the first society is aware of his responsibility to this or that social association, which is engaged in the creation of moral obligations. Gradually, certain beliefs appear in the primitive society, which contribute to the emergence of religious duties, which do not exclude moral positions, but complement them and values in interaction with them. And only with the appearance of the first state entities, we can talk about introducing obligations into the legal field with their further legal consolidation. It is important to note that in the pre-state period of human development, which occupies a sufficiently long period of time, duties developed outside the law and arose in accordance with human nature, customary norms, traditions, religious dogmas or moral ideas, based on the simplest rules of interpersonal interaction. All these factors - religion, morality, customs and traditions, to a greater or lesser extent changed their role in shaping the future idea of duties, that is why we consider it necessary to investigate the foundations of the institution of duty, in particular through the prism of religious influence.

The Relationship Between Social Pressure

Whether a person’s belief or action is the result of nature or nurture is a classical debate in the realm of psychology. The source of morality is one of the most heated topics of this grand debate. Some philosophers and psychologists argue that morality is the result of nature and instinct. Although many of their arguments are sound, one cannot neglect the role played by society regarding the shape of one’s morality. This research aims to take a close examination of the relationship between the moral position of an individual and social influence. To accomplish this end, this research combines the methods of psychology and the duality of moral dilemmas. More specifically, this research reviews, modifies, and combines Asch’s conformity experiment, the Third Wave Experiment, and the trolly problem. Currently, this experiment remains at the designing stage and specific details future may be altered.