Porous Β-cyclodextrin Polymer Research Articles

Porous β-cyclodextrin polymer microspheres for iodine adsorption from aqueous solution

Porous β-cyclodextrin polymer microspheres for iodine adsorption from aqueous solution

Thioether-functionalized porous β-cyclodextrin polymer for efficient removal of heavy metal ions and organic micropollutants from water

Herein, a thioether-functionalized porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P(Bn-S-CD)) was prepared for efficient removal of heavy metal ions and organic micropollutants (OMPs) from water. P(Bn-S-CD) showed a surface area of 763 m2/g and a sulfur content 5.83 wt%. Based on screening studies, Hg2+ and diclofenac sodium (DS) were selected as model pollutants. P(Bn-S-CD) could adsorb Hg2+ and DS simultaneously, while the adsorbed Hg2+ afforded positive charges to the primary rims of CDs, greatly enhancing the adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of DS. Although the adsorbed DS showed no obvious effect on Hg2+ adsorption, it improved the affinity of Hg2+ upon P(Bn-S-CD). Adsorption mechanism studies confirmed the essential role of electrostatic interactions for these results. P(Bn-S-CD) also showed good selectivity towards heavy metal ions, excellent adsorption performance in real water at environmental levels and good reusability, implying great promise for water treatment.

Magnetic β-Cyclodextrin Polymer Nanoparticles for Efficient Adsorption of U(VI) from Wastewater

It is a central issue to eliminate radioactive uranium (U(VI)) efficiently from water. In this manuscript, β-cyclodextrin was cross-linked with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-benzenedicarbonitrile, and then a carboxylation reaction was used to prepare porous cross-linked polymers rich in carboxyl groups (CA-PCDPs). Subsequently, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were loaded onto the CA-PCDPs via coprecipitation, and magnetic porous β-cyclodextrin polymer nanoparticles (CA-PCDP@MNPs) were successfully obtained, which were used for efficient elimination of U(VI) from nuclear wastewater solution. Moreover, SEM, FTIR, VSM, BET, and XRD were employed to investigate the CA-PCDP@MNP and found that it had a well-developed porous structure, high specific surface area, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups (carboxyl, hydroxyl, C-O-C, Fe-O, etc.), providing sufficient active sites for chelating uranyl ions. Experiments illustrated that the CA-PCDP@MNP had efficient removal ability for U(VI), and the maximum theoretical adsorption amount for U(VI) reached 245.66 mg/g at pH 6.0 and 303 K. Moreover, the adsorption process was more suitable for the quasi second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption process was chemical adsorption. Meanwhile, the CA-PCDP@MNPs also exhibited fast response magnetic recovery ability and excellent regeneration and recycling ability. In addition, the data of the adsorption mechanism demonstrated that oxygen-containing functional groups, which were rich on the surface of CA-PCDP@MNPs, were the main binding active sites of U(VI). From the above results, it can be deduced that the CA-PCDP@MNP has a good application prospect in the practical application of nuclear wastewater treatment.

Multifunctional porous β-cyclodextrin polymer for water purification

Keeping water clean is of vital significance for human health and environmental protection. In order to remove organic micro-pollutants and natural organic substances in water bodies and kill pathogenic microorganisms simultaneously, this study synthesized a multifunctional porous β-cyclodextrin polymer with a high specific surface area by introducing quaternary ammonium groups and rigid benzene rings, respectively, which was then polymerized with crosslinking agent-4,4′-bis (chloromethyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (BCMBP) in an ionic liquid system. The grafting of quaternary ammonium groups was beneficial for the removal of negative-charged humic acid (HA) and sterilization. The introduction of numerous rigid structures during benzylation and Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction could significantly improve the porosity and specific surface area of the polymer, conducive to the exposure of cyclodextrin binding sites and contaminant adsorption. By changing the proportions of quaternization and benzylation, the structure and surface properties of the polymer could be adjusted, thus further regulating the adsorption performance. Compared with activated carbon, the polymer named BQCD-BP with a huge surface area of 1133 m2 g−1 prepared under optimized conditions showed outstanding adsorption performance and sterilization ability. The pseudo-second-order kinetic constant of BQCD-BP reached 1.2058 g·mg−1·min−1, which was approximately 50 times greater than that of activated carbon (0.0256 g·mg−1·min−1) under the same experimental condition. The adsorption capacity of BQCD-BP to HA was twice as high as that to AC, and the antibacterial ability of BQCD-BP was significant, achieving 90% at the dosage of 1g L−1. Moreover, the adsorption process was hardly affected by the hydrochemical conditions, and the polymer was easy to regenerate. In addition, the excellent adsorption and antibacterial performance of the polymer were also identified by natural water treatment. COD was almost completely removed, and the removal efficiency of TP reached 92% after contact with BQCD-BP. The sterilization rate of BQCD-BP to viable bacteria in complex water bodies reached 82%. Undoubtedly, BQCD-BP is a potential multifunctional water treatment material with reasonable design in the actual water purification.

A Tunable Porous β-Cyclodextrin Polymer Platform to Understand and Improve Anionic PFAS Removal.

Cross-linked polymers containing β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) are promising adsorbents with demonstrated removal performances for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) from contaminated water sources. Despite the promising performance of some β-CD-based adsorbents for PFAS removal, many of these materials are not amenable for rational performance improvement or addressing fundamental questions about the PFAS adsorption mechanisms. These ambiguities arise from the poorly defined structure of the cross-linked polymers, especially with respect to the random substitution patterns of the cyclodextrins as well as side reactions that modify the structures of some cross-linkers. Here, we report a new β-CD polymer platform in which styrene groups are covalently attached to β-CD to form a discrete monomer that is amenable to radical polymerization. This monomer was polymerized with styrene and methacrylate comonomers to provide three β-CD polymers with high specific surface areas and high isolated yields (all >93%). A β-CD polymer copolymerized with a methacrylate bearing a cationic functional group achieved nearly 100% removal for eight anionic PFASs (initial concentration of 1 μg/L for each compound) in nanopure water at an exceedingly low adsorbent loading of 1 mg L–1, as compared to previous cyclodextrin polymers that required loadings at least 1 order of magnitude higher to achieve an equivalent degree of PFAS removal. Furthermore, when the adsorbents were studied in a challenging salt matrix, we observed that long-chain PFAS adsorption was controlled by a complementary interplay of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions, whereas short-chain PFASs primarily relied on electrostatic interactions. This approach demonstrates great promise for anionic PFAS removal, and we anticipate that new compositions will be tailored using the versatility of radical polymerization to simultaneously target PFASs and other classes of micropollutants in the future.

A closed-loop system to recycle rare earth elements from industrial sludge using green leaching agents and porous β-cyclodextrin polymer composite

Industrial sludge is classified as hazardous waste as well as a resource of valuable metals and needs to be adequately treated for the sake of the environment and economy. This study reports a green approach for extracting and purifying rare earth elements (REEs) from industrial sludge using environmentally friendly washing solutions ((NH4)2SO4, N, N-Bis(carboxymethyl) glutamic acid (GLDA), tetrabutylammonium bromide ionic liquid (TBAB), and water) and a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer composite (PCDP-M-SHM) respectively. The results showed that there is no significant difference between used extracting solutions. However, the speciation study indicated that most REEs in the sludge sample were bounded to a water-soluble fraction. Therefore, for economic reasons, water was used for further studies. Furthermore, the recycling efficiencies after the purification of leached REEs with PCDP-M-SHM were in the range of 76.0 % (Gd) to 87.3% (Pr), except for Ce (8.29%).Moreover, cost evaluation and sensitivity analysis studies were performed to investigate the applicability of the reported method at the industrial level. The cost evaluation results estimated $3676 as the cost of processing 1 ton of sludge with revenue of $710/ton of sludge. Finally, the sensitivity analysis test affirmed the profitability to depend on the cost of PCDP-M-SHM. Based on the future market price of REEs, the proposed closed-loop recycling approach could be a promising green solution for environmental problems related to mining, processing, and conservation of REEs resources as well as industrial sludge disposal.

Ultra-rapid and highly efficient enrichment of organic pollutants via magnetic mesoporous nanosponge for ultrasensitive nanosensors

Currently, owing to the single-molecule-level sensitivity and highly informative spectroscopic characteristics, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is regarded as the most direct and effective detection technique. However, SERS still faces several challenges in its practical applications, such as the complex matrix interferences, and low sensitivity to the molecules of intrinsic small cross-sections or weak affinity to the surface of metals. Here, we show an enrichment-typed sensing strategy with both excellent selectivity and ultrahigh detection sensitivity based on a powerful porous composite material, called mesoporous nanosponge. The nanosponge consists of porous β-cyclodextrin polymers immobilized with magnetic NPs, demonstrating remarkable capability of effective and fast removal of organic micropollutants, e.g., ~90% removal efficiency within ~1 min, and an enrichment factor up to ~103. By means of this current enrichment strategy, the limit of detection for typical organic pollutants can be significantly improved by 2~3 orders of magnitude. Consequently, the current enrichment strategy is proved to be applicable in a variety of fields for portable and fast detection, such as Raman and fluorescent sensing.

Passive sampling of chlorophenols in water and soils using diffusive gradients in thin films based on β-cyclodextrin polymers

Chlorophenols (CPs) have been listed as priority control pollutants because of their high toxicity and wide range. An In-situ monitoring technique using diffusive gradients in thin films based on porous β-cyclodextrin polymers as binding materials (CDP-DGT), was established to monitor four typical CPs, namely, 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP), 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP), 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in water and soils. The performance of CDP-DGT are stable under the conditions of pH 3.5–9.3, ionic strength 0.001–0.500 mol L−1 and dissolved organic matter concentration 0–20 mol L−1. The adsorption capacities of CDP-DGT for 4-CP, 2,4-DCP, 2,4,5-TCP, 2,4,6-TCP were 57.80 μg cm−2, 98.82 μg cm−2, 95.69 μg cm−2 and 98.91 μg cm−2, respectively. The time-average weighted concentrations of four CPs determined by CDP-DGT at Sanjiangkou wharf (Yangtze river, China) were consistent with the results of grab sampling, indicating the feasibility of CDP-DGT application in actual water. In addition, the distribution of CPs in the red soil of Kunming and paddy soil of Yixing were also studied by CDP-DGT, and the desorption kinetics in the two soils were analyzed with the DIFS model. The higher the soil organic matter content is, the more CPs are distributed in the soil solid phase. CPs in both soils can be partially resupplied to soil solution from the soil solid phase and the higher the partition coefficient for labile CPs is, the stronger the supplement capacity is.

Efficient removal of various coexisting organic pollutants in water based on β-cyclodextrin polymer modified flower-like Fe3O4 particles

HypothesisThe construction of porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) modified flower-like Fe3O4 particles (CDP@Fe3O4) is expected to remove various organic pollutants from water, based on the larger specific surface area of flower-like Fe3O4 particles and the active sites provided by β-CDP. With the help of various noncovalent interactions, the removal ability of CDP@Fe3O4 for various water-soluble and water-insoluble organic pollutants were systematically studied. ExperimentsCDP@Fe3O4 were successfully synthesized and applied for the simultaneous removal of various organic pollutants with different electrical properties, structure and hydrophobicity. Adsorption efficiency, adsorption process, adsorption mechanism and the reusability of CDP@Fe3O4 for single pollutant and mixed pollutants were comprehensively investigated. FindingsCDP@Fe3O4 exhibited excellent adsorption capabilities for various pollutants. Importantly, when these pollutants were coexisting, CDP@Fe3O4 still maintained a comparable removal ability for various pollutants. Efficient removal of organic pollutants was attributed to varieties of noncovalent interactions between organic pollutants and CDP@Fe3O4, including hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonds, π-π and electrostatic interactions. These results revealed that the excellent adsorption ability and convenient regeneration make CDP@Fe3O4 being a potential candidate in various complex organic wastewater purification.

Selective and fast recovery of rare earth elements from industrial wastewater by porous β-cyclodextrin and magnetic β-cyclodextrin polymers

Recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from industrial wastewater has drawn great attention due to their potential environmental toxicity, as well as their high demand in modern technologies. In this study, we developed a magnetic composite based on the high surface area porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP), namely P-CDP@Fe3O4. Both P-CDP and P-CDP@Fe3O4 rapidly sequester REEs such as Nd, Gd, Eu, and Y, reaching equilibrium in less than 10 min and fitting the Langmuir isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacities ranging from 7.76 to 9.59 mg/g at 25 °C when the highest initial concentration was 100 mg/L. Besides, the recovery of these REEs was not affected by competitive alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metal ions in model studies and industrial wastewater as revealed by the recovery efficiencies, which ranged from 62% to 100% indicating an excellent selectivity on both adsorbents. In addition, both adsorbents can be fully regenerated under mildly acidic conditions for at least five consecutive cycles. Moreover, P-CDP@Fe3O4 can be easily isolated by an external magnetic field which simplifies its synthesis and usability. It also overcomes the clogging and high backpressure issues of P-CDP, which facilitates its application for REEs recovery as compared with P-CDP. These characteristics demonstrate the promise of P-CDP and P-CDP@Fe3O4 for the pollution control and recovery of REEs.

Ethanolamine- and amine-functionalized porous cyclodextrin polymers for efficient removal of anionic dyes from water

Functionalized modification of materials can be used to tailor their interaction ability and adsorption performance toward target pollutants. Tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-linked porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP) has excellent adsorption capacity toward cationic and neutral pollutants, but a weak ability to adsorb anionic pollutants. Herein, two modified cyclodextrin polymers were prepared. The nitrile groups in P-CDP were transformed into ethanolamine and amine via the reaction with ethanolamine and borane complexes, and the obtained products were used for dye removal. The functional modification changed the adsorption selectivity from toward cation to toward anion, and significantly improved the adsorption capacity toward anion. Using methyl orange as the model anionic adsorbate, the maximum adsorption capacity of ethanolamine-functionalized one reached 625 mg g−1, which is far higher than those of most reported adsorbents. The adsorption isotherms better fitted to Langmuir model and kinetic study showed a pseudo second-order adsorption. The as-prepared modified-polymers with superior adsorption ability and selectivity toward anion are expected to be applied to removing anionic pollutants from waste water.

Evaluating the effects of water matrix constituents on micropollutant removal by activated carbon and β-cyclodextrin polymer adsorbents

The performance of adsorbents for the removal of organic micropollutants (MPs) from water can be influenced by the presence of water matrix constituents. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of water matrix constituents on the performance of coconut-shell activated carbon (CCAC), porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (CDP), and CDP coated on cellulose microcrystal (CDP@CMC) adsorbents. MP removals were measured in batch experiments for a mixture of 90 MP at 1 μg L−1 and MP breakthrough was measured in rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) experiments for a mixture of 15 MP at 500 ng L−1. All experiments were performed first with nanopure water, and subsequently with six different water samples collected from two separate groundwater, surface water, and wastewater effluent sources. The results of batch and RSSCT experiments demonstrate more rapid adsorption kinetics and less adsorption inhibition in the presence of matrix constituents for CDP adsorbents relative to CCAC. Further, the treatment capacity of CDP@CMC in the RSSCT experiments was higher than that of CCAC, particularly in more complex water matrices. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate associations between adsorption inhibition among groups of MPs and the concentrations of specific water matrix constituents. For CCAC, adsorption inhibition was observed for all MPs and was primarily attributed to the presence of dissolved organic matter with molar weight less than 1000 Da. For CDP adsorbents, adsorption inhibition was primarily observed for cationic MPs and was attributed to the screening of the negative surface charge of CDP by inorganic ions in water samples with high ionic strength. These data further demonstrate the value of CDP as an alternative adsorbent to CCAC for the removal of MPs during water and wastewater treatment.

Simultaneous detection of bisphenol A and bisphenol S with high sensitivity based on a new electrochemical sensor

A new voltammetric sensor for simultaneous detection of bisphenol A and bisphenol S with high sensitivity has been constructed based on a three-component composite modified glassy carbon electrode. The three-component composite used herein is composed of AuAgPt ternary alloy nanocrystals (AuAgPt), porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (PCD) and oxide graphene (GO), abbreviated as AuAgPt-PCD-GO. The obtained composites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The proposed modified electrode showed excellent electrochemical response to bisphenol A and bisphenol S simultaneously. Under optimal experiment conditions, the response linear ranges for bisphenol A and bisphenol S are from 6 nM to 4000 nM and 8 nM–8000 nM with detection limits of 2 nM and 2.67 nM (S/N = 3), respectively. Furthermore, this electroanalytical sensor could also be successfully applied to real sample analysis with satisfactory results.

High uptake carboxyl-functionalized porous β-cyclodextrin polymer for selective extraction of lysozyme from egg white

Lysozyme is widely used in medical, food and industrial fields due to its bacteriolytic effect and thus it is significant to design and develop a specific adsorbent with high adsorption capacity and selectivity for lysozyme. Inspired by the high uptake capacity of tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile-crosslinked porous β-cyclodextrin polymers (P-CDPs) and the noncovalent interaction between lysozyme and carboxyl groups, the carboxyl-functionalized P-CDPs (P-CDP-COO−) were synthesized by base-catalysed hydrolysis of nitrile group in P-CDPs to carboxyl. Porous structure, large extent of carboxylic functional groups, cyclodextrin's preventing aggregation, and negatively charged make P-CDP-COO− possess an outstanding adsorption capability for lysozyme. The maximum saturated adsorption capacity reaches 1520 mg g−1, which is much better than the parent polymer and other reported materials. The as-prepared material was successfully utilized for the selective extraction of lysozyme from egg white.

Magnetically Modified Porous β-Cyclodextrin Polymers for Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Analysis of Sudan Dyes

Two types of magnetically modified porous β-cyclodextrin polymers (PCDPs) were successfully synthesized. The first type, named MPCDPs(C), was fabricated by co-precipitating PCDPs with Fe3O4, resulting in a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 106.68 m2 g−1. The second type, named MPCDPs(M), was fabricated by grafting PCDPs onto the surface of magnetic microspheres, resulting in a BET surface area of 34.63 m2 g−1. Both MPCDPs were found to enable effective extraction and separation of Sudan dyes from foodstuffs and environmental water. Coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography, the limits of detection for Sudan dyes were in the range of 0.013–0.054 ng mL−1 with MPCDPs(C), and 0.028–0.039 ng mL−1 with MPCDPs(M). Recoveries were between 85.8 and 102.8% for spiked food samples and 88.3 and 103.2% for spiked water samples, suggesting that the developed methods are promising for accurate quantification of Sudan dyes at trace levels in foodstuffs and environmental water.

QSARs to predict adsorption affinity of organic micropollutants for activated carbon and β-cyclodextrin polymer adsorbents

The removal of organic micropollutants (MPs) from water by means of adsorption is determined by the physicochemical properties of the adsorbent and the MPs. It is challenging to predict the removal of MPs by specific adsorbents due to the extreme diversity in physicochemical properties among MPs of interest. In this research, we established Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationships (QSARs) between the physicochemical properties of a diverse set of MPs and their distribution coefficients (KD) measured on coconut shell activated carbon (CCAC) and porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP) adsorbents. We conducted batch experiments with a mixture of 200 MPs and used the data to calculate KD values for each MP on each adsorbent under conditions of infinite dilution (i.e., low adsorbate concentrations). We used computational software to calculate 3656 molecular descriptors for each MP. We then developed and applied a model-selection workflow to identify the most significant molecular descriptors for each adsorbent. The functional stability and predictive power of the resulting QSARs were confirmed with internal cross validation and external validation. The applicability domain of the QSARs was defined based on the most significant molecular descriptors selected into each QSAR. The QSARs are predictive tools for evaluating adsorption-based water treatment processes and provide new insights into CCAC and P-CDP adsorption mechanisms.

Green synthesis of porous β-cyclodextrin polymers for rapid and efficient removal of organic pollutants and heavy metal ions from water

Rapid adsorption of organic pollutants and metal ions from water using porous β-cyclodextrin polymers.

Fabrication of a porous β-cyclodextrin-polymer-coated solid-phase microextraction fiber for the simultaneous determination of five contaminants in water using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A novel solid-phase microextraction fiber coated with a porous β-cyclodextrin polymer was developed. The porous β-cyclodextrin polymer cross-linked using tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile, possessed well-distributed pores and the largest surface area among current β-cyclodextrin polymers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the coating had a continuous wrinkled and folded structure, which guarantees a sufficient loading capacity for contaminants. The properties of the developed fiber were evaluated using headspace solid-phase microextraction of five contaminants as model analytes coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Owing to the advantages of a large surface area and three-dimensional cavities, the novel fiber exhibited excellent operational stability and extraction ability. After optimisation of the extraction conditions, including extraction temperature, extraction time, salt effect, and desorption time, validation of the method with water samples achieved good linearity over a wide range (0.01–120 μg L−1) and low detection limits (0.003–1.600 μg L−1). The single-fiber and fiber-to-fiber repeatabilities were 1.7–11.0% and 1.9–11.0%, respectively. The method was applied to the simultaneous analysis of five analytes with satisfactory recoveries (76.6–106.0% for pond water and 89.0–105.9% for rainwater).

Simultaneous Solid-Phase Extraction and Determination of Three Bisphenols in Water Samples and Orange Juice by a Porous β-Cyclodextrin Polymer

A porous β-cyclodextrin polymer (P-CDP) was used as a new sorbent for simultaneous solid-phase extraction (SPE) and determination of bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), and bisphenol AF (BPAF). The P-CDP was obtained via the cross-linking of β-cyclodextrin with tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile, and then was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. Adsorption tests showed that the P-CDP had good binding ability and fast uptake kinetics for three bisphenols. When used as a SPE sorbent for three bisphenols, P-CDP showed high extraction efficiencies, high enrichment factors, and good reusability. Based on the P-CDP sorbent, a new SPE-HPLC-UV method was developed and successfully applied to the detection of three bisphenols in real samples. The recoveries of BPF, BPA, and BPAF in water samples were 91.2–102.6% (RSD = 1.4–2.9%), 98.0–101.2% (RSD = 1.3–2.7%), and 96.3%–103.7% (RSD = 1.3–2.9%), respectively. Moreover, the recoveries of BPF, BPA, and BPAF in orange juice were 94.3–97.1% (RSD = 1.4–2.9%), 102.7–103.6% (RSD = 1.7–3.5%), and 94.5–101.0% (RSD = 1.3–2.8%), respectively. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) and the limits of quantification (S/N = 10) for all analytes were 0.3 and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. Therefore, P-CDP can be used as a good SPE sorbent for the simultaneous determination of BPA, BPF, and BPAF in environmental water samples and beverages.

Determination of quinolones in wastewater by porous β-cyclodextrin polymer based solid-phase extraction coupled with HPLC.

In this research, a novel insoluble sorbent based on cyclodextrin and rigid aromatic groups tetrafluoroacetonitrile was designed for dispersive insoluble solid-phase extraction (DSPE). Due to its high adsorption capacity, this obtained polymer was applied to separation and concentration of trace quinolones in wastewater before HPLC determination. Various parameters influencing the extraction performance were studied and optimized. A DSPE approach coupled with high performance liquid chromatography was developed for the determination of four quinolones in wastewater samples. The limit of quantitation of fleroxacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, norfloxacin were 2.67, 3.17, 4.75, 5.50ngmL-1, respectively. The recoveries of four quinolones range from 96.43 to 103.3% with relative standard deviations less than 4.5%. These results demonstrated that the proposed approach based on CDP was efficient, low-cost for extraction of quinolones from wastewater.