Porous Anode Research Articles

Dramatic Enhancement Enabled by Introducing TiN into Bread-like Porous Si-Carbon Anodes for High-Performance and Safe Lithium Storage.

Doping modifications and surface coatings are effective methods to slow volume dilatation and boost the conductivity in silicon (Si) anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, using low-cost ferrosilicon from industrial production as the energy storage material, a bread-like nitrogen-doped carbon shell-coated porous Si embedded with the titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticle composite (PSi/TiN@NC) was synthesized by simple ball milling, etching, and self-assembly growth processes. Remarkably, the porous Si structure formed by etching the FeSi2 phase in ferrosilicon alloys can provide buffer space for significant volume expansion during lithiation. Highly conductive and stable TiN particles can act as stress absorption sites for Si and improve the electronic conductivity of the material. Furthermore, the nitrogen-doped porous carbon shell further helps to sustain the structural stability of the electrode material and boost the migration rate of Li-ions. Benefiting from its unique synergistic effect of components, the PSi/TiN@NC anode exhibits a reversible discharge capacity up to 1324.2 mAh g-1 with a capacity retention rate of 91.5% after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g-1 (vs fourth discharge). Simultaneously, the electrode also delivers good rate performance and a stable discharge capacity of 923.6 mAh g-1 over 300 cycles. This research can offer a potential economic strategy for the development of high-performance and inexpensive Si-based anodes for LIBs.

Enhancing microbial fuel cell performance with free-standing three-dimensional N-doped porous carbon anodes

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) utilize microorganisms as catalysts to transform the chemical energy to electrical power. However, the practical application of MFCs is currently impeded by low power output, which is caused by insufficient microbial colonization on the anode, slow extracellular electron transfer at the microbe-anode interface, and low oxygen reduction reaction catalytic efficiency at the cathode. Herein, a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous anode of Carbonization-CTS-MF/rGOtempreture (CCMF/rGOT) by pyrolyzing crosslinked composite of melamine formaldehyde resin (MF), chitosan (CTS) and graphene oxide (GO). The macroporous anode provides a biocompatible surface for exoelectrogens and 3D electron transfer pathways. In addition, an appropriate balance of graphitic-N and pyrrolic-N content optimizes both conductivity and the number of active sites, thereby synergistically enhancing extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency. Therefore, the power density of CCMF/rGO1000 anode is 11.28 W/m3, which surpasses the CCMF1000 anode without 3D reduced graphene oxide (rGO) conductive network (10.04 W/m3), and traditional carbon cloth anode (4.36 W/m3). Moreover, the anode runs stably for more than 200 days with a maximum operating voltage of 0.69 V, which achieves chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of 95.4 %. This work provides a promising strategy to prepare a free-standing 3D anode with enriched exoelectrogens and enhanced EET to improve the MFCs performance.

Biomass-based three-dimensional network porous carbon anodes derived from discontinuous activation for high performance Li-ion batteries

An approach of discontinuous activation and frozon-dry pretreatment toward a three-dimensional network porous carbon was proposed by using apple as the carbon source. The porous carbon, characterized by its high surface area and abundant porosity, was optimized through the manipulation of temperature and activator quantities during the activation process. The sample obtained by first calcining at 500 °C and then at 800 °C shows ultra-high rate electrochemical performance of over 900 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles and over 500 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles under the condition of charging and discharging current density of 0.2 A g−1 due to the high porosity. It is ascribed to the unique porous structure that can make the electrolyte and lithium ion transport and path short on the surface and inside the electrode material, further enhance its fast transport ability. The described approach represents an innovative and potentially impactful method for producing porous carbon electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance, particularly in the context of high-rate capability lithium-ion batteries.

Multifunctional Porous Organic Polymer Anode with Desired Redox Potential and Capacity for High-Performance Aqueous Sodium-Ion and Ammonium-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) and aqueous ammonium-ion batteries (AAIBs) attract great attention due to their low cost, safety, and environmental friendliness, but the lack of suitable electrodes with competitive capacity and redox potential limits their practical applications. Herein, we report a porous organic polymer (POP) with multiple redox processes as anodes for ASIBs and AAIBs. This POP displays desired redox potential and shows high reversible capacity of more than 200 mAh g-1 in both ASIBs and AAIBs. Full cells configured by this POP anode also display excellent performance (about 80% and 60% capacity retention over 1000 cycles in ASIBs and AAIBs). In addition, the intercalation chemistry of inorganic NH4+ with this POP is investigated, illustrating that the pyrazine sites in this POP are the redox centers to reversibly combine with NH4+. This work provides a promising and alternative anode for ASIBs and AAIBs and paves a new way for the development of novel organic materials for other aqueous battery systems.

Effect of precursor morphology on the electrochemical performance of porous Si anodes prepared by magnesiothermic reduction

The magnesiothermic reduction of SiO2 to Si is a promising route for preparing high-energy-density Si-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, the effect of the initial morphological properties of SiO2 on the electrochemical performance of Si remains unclear. Herein, porous Si (PSi) particles were prepared from four different SiO2 precursors, namely, spherical SiO2 particles with diameters of 0.3 and 20 μm (denoted SiO2-0.3 and SiO2-20, respectively), fumed SiO2 powder (denoted SiO2-F), and well-ordered mesoporous SiO2 particles (denoted SiO2-K). Highly crystalline PSi particles were obtained after magnesiothermic reduction and subsequent HCl and HF etching. PSi prepared from SiO2-0.3 maintained its precursor morphology to some extent, whereas highly irregular Si particles were produced from SiO2-20, SiO2-F, and SiO2-K. Among the PSi particles, those prepared from SiO2-0.3 delivered the highest reversible capacity (1427 mAh g–1 at 0.1 A g–1) after 50 discharge–charge cycles. Because of the unique hierarchically porous morphology of PSi prepared from SiO2-0.3, the expansion of its electrode thickness was suppressed below 140 %. Moreover, owing to its nanosized Si domains and good electrode wetting, PSi prepared from SiO2-0.3 demonstrated improved electrochemical properties compared with those prepared from SiO2-F and SiO2-K.

Enhancing Cu2+ removal efficiency in a hybrid electrodeposition system based on vertically placed thermally regenerative batteries using gradient porous electrodes

Thermally regenerative batteries (TRB) can combine with an electrodeposition cell (EC) to develop a hybrid system (TRB-EC) for low-grade waste heat disposal and Cu2+ recovery from wastewater. To improve the Cu2+ removal efficiency in EC, a vertically placed reactor and gradient porous electrodes are proposed to remiss ammonia crossover and enhance power generation in TRB. The vertically placed reactor effectively reduced the NH3 concentration difference on the both side of anion exchange membrane, inhibiting NH3 transmembrane transport. Moreover, the gradient porous anode is used to adjust the physical and chemical distribution in anode chamber. The results indicate that the maximum power density of 14.6 W/m−2 is obtained in a TRB employing the gradient porous electrodes (the pore order is large-middle-small scale), which is 22 % better than that of electrodes with uniform-size pores. Through the strategy of flow catholyte, the maximum power density can be further increased to 19.4 W/m−2 and the cathodic coulombic efficiency is improved to 92.7 %. Due to above optimal design, the Cu2+ removal efficiency of the hybrid system can reach an impressive value of 98.4 % (87.7 % in TRBs and 10.7 % in EC), showing a promising method of heat waste and Cu2+ disposal.

Facile one-pot synthesis of bismuth microspheres@N-doped porous carbon composite anodes for high power density and ultralong-life sodium-ion batteries

Facile one-pot synthesis of bismuth microspheres@N-doped porous carbon composite anodes for high power density and ultralong-life sodium-ion batteries

Dispersion of thermoelastic guided waves in multi-layered porous media

The mechanical properties of the graphite electrode will dynamically change during the charge-discharge cycle, which will affect the propagation characteristics of guided waves in lithium-ion batteries. Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries experience fluctuations in operating temperature during cycling, which will also influence the propagation of guided waves. This research aims to investigate the guided wave propagation problem of porous electrode material with electrolyte versus temperature. The problem is under the framework of Green-Naghdi theory and Biot theory, and a numerical approach is presented to solve the thermoelastic wave propagation characteristics in such a multi-layered porous electrode. A frequency domain simulation for a multi-layered porous anode will be established. The simulation results confirm the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed approach. The porosity of the anode material shows obvious dynamic variation during cycling, which illustrates a strong correlation with the elastic modulus of the solid skeleton. Then, the effects of porosity and temperature variations on the propagation characteristics of thermoelastic guided waves in multi-layered porous graphite electrodes will be analyzed in detail. The phase velocity of fundamental modes appears regularly shift in the low frequency range. This may provide theoretical support for the acoustic nondestructive characterization of the operating states of the lithium-ion batteries.

Unraveling the impact of pore length on the conversion reaction of Fe3O4/carbon anodes in lithium-ion batteries

Despite numerous studies investigating Fe3O4/porous carbon anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the inherent limitations of the Fe3O4 conversion reaction, such as low reversibility and sluggish kinetics, continue to pose significant challenges. While modifying the porous structure of Fe3O4 anodes has demonstrated considerable promise in overcoming these limitations, the precise relationship between the porous structure and Fe3O4 conversion behavior still remains unclear. Here, we explore the impact of the pore length of the anode active material on the electrochemical performance of LIBs. Using two different composites of Fe3O4 and porous carbon with varying pore lengths as model materials, we conduct various in-depth electrochemical and ex-situ analyses. Our findings confirm that a shorter pore length facilitates higher Li+ ion diffusivity compared to longer pore length. Consequently, the conversion reaction of Fe3O4 to Fe and Li2O during lithiation process can be expedited, leading to a decrease in the resistance at the solid electrolyte interphase. As a result, we demonstrate that shortening the pore length of the porous anode composite materials can enhance the initial Coulombic efficiency (CE), reversible capacity, and rate capability of LIBs.

A Porous Li-Al Alloy Anode toward High-Performance Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

Compared to lithium (Li) anode, the alloy/Li-alloy anodes show more compatible with sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs), and are promising candidates for practical SSE-based all-solid-state Li batteries (ASSLBs). In this work, a porous Li-Al alloy (LiAl-p) anode is crafted using a straightforward mechanical pressing method. Various characterizations confirm the porous nature of such anode, as well as rich oxygen species on its surface. To the best knowledge, such LiAl-p anode demonstrates the best room temperature cell performance in comparison with reported Li and alloy/Li-alloy anodes in SSE-based ASSLBs. For example, the LiAl-p symmetric cells deliver a record critical current density of 6.0mA cm-2 and an ultralong cycling of 5000h; the LiAl-p|LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells achieve a high areal capacity of 11.9 mAh cm-2 and excellent durability of 1800 cycles. Further in situ and ex situ experiments reveal that the porous structure can accommodate volume changes of LiAl-p and ensure its integrity during cycling; and moreover, a robust Li inorganics-rich solid electrolyte interphase can be formed originated from the reaction between SSE and surface oxygen species of LiAl-p. This study offers inspiration for designing high-performance alloy anodes by focusing on designing special architecture to alleviate volume change and constructing stable interphase.

Synthesis and characterization of hierarchically porous carbon anodes from furfural biorefinery residues for sustainable lithium-ion batteries

This study aims to valorize abundant lignocellulosic residues from furfural biorefineries into hierarchically porous carbon anodes for sustainable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Simultaneously, it addresses the growing demand for high-performance anode materials by leveraging renewable waste feedstocks. Sugarcane bagasse waste residues obtained after furfural extraction were used as the precursor. The furfural-derived bagasse residue (FDBR) underwent pyrolysis at 700 °C to produce a carbon-rich char, which was further activated using KOH and steam at 900 °C for 15–60 minutes to enhance porosity development. Comprehensive physicochemical characterizations, including proximate analysis, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and TGA/DTG, and Raman spectroscopy were performed to evaluate the properties of the synthesized activated carbons. The results demonstrated the successful generation of high surface area (405.8 m2/g) activated carbons with a hierarchical pore structure comprising micropores and mesopores. SEM and EDX analyses revealed a uniform, porous morphology enriched with 10.41 % at oxygen-containing functional groups. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of hydroxyls, carbonyls, and carboxylic acid groups, beneficial for pseudocapacitive charge storage. The Raman analysis revealed a highly disordered and amorphous carbon structure with a significant concentration of defects, as evidenced by a high-intensity ratio (ID/IG ≈ 1.2–1.4) of the disordered carbon band to the graphitic band. The activated carbons exhibited a high initial discharge capacity of 1055 mAh/g in lithium half-cells, significantly exceeding the theoretical limit of commercial graphite anodes (372 mAh/g). This superior capacity was attributed to the high surface area, hierarchical porosity, and pseudocapacitive contributions from the oxygen functionalities. However, rapid capacity fading from 1055 to ∼250 mAh/g was observed over 100 cycles at a C/2 rate. The capacity retention stabilized at ∼88 % after 47 cycles, indicating irreversible capacity losses. These limitations were ascribed to the disordered amorphous structure, instability of the solid-electrolyte interphase, lithium trapping by oxygen groups, and structural changes during cycling. Optimizing activation conditions, incorporating conductive additives/coatings, exploring alternative binders, and surface functionalization are proposed to improve long-term cycling stability. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of upcycling furfural biorefinery waste into sustainable LIB anodes while highlighting challenges and potential solutions for enhancing their electrochemical performance.

Limiting Current Density in Water Vapor-Fed Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolyzers

Polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE) are a critical technology in development for addressing the need for efficient hydrogen production. In order to make hydrogen a cost-effective fuel or industrial feedstock, the overpotentials across the cell needs to be decreased and platinum-group metal loading reduced. Devising novel electrode structures that enable ultra-high current densities at low oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst (e.g. Iridium oxide) loadings is one approach to achieving efficiency and cost targets. One of the overpotentials that needs to be addressed is due to mass transport limitations within the porous transport layer (PTL) and anode catalyst layer, which could be a limiting factor at ultra-high current densities. When operating at ultra-high current densities, the rate of the OER may reach a point at which oxygen gas bubbles fill the pores of the anode catalyst layer PTL, blocking access of liquid water to the anode catalyst layer. Because of this, there is a possibility that the cell will rely on water vapor diffusion through the evolving oxygen gas to deliver the water reactant to the OER catalyst. To assess the limitation of a PEMWE while relying on water vapor diffusion, a commercially manufactured membrane electrode assembly (MEA) was tested by flowing water vapor into the anode as the reactant. With the aim of identifying a limiting current density (LCD) of the electrolyzer under these conditions, potentiostatic polarization curves were obtained for a range of relative humidities (RH) and back pressures. The RH was varied to assess the impact of reactant concentration on the LCD, while the back pressure was varied to identify the impact of the molecular gas diffusion coefficient on the LCD. In this presentation, we will present our analysis of the significance of the water vapor diffusion transport resistance through the pressure-dependent resistance evaluation. Furthermore, we will discuss application of this approach to evaluating the impact of vapor operation on membrane water transport and OER reaction kinetics.

Influence of 3D printed porous aluminum anode structure on electrochemical performance

Aluminium-air (Al-air) batteries have been considered as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices. In this study, we investigated the effect of structural changes in the main body of porous aluminium anode on the electrochemical performance under the constraints of the 3D printing process using both simulation and experimental methods. By analysing the simulation results under the constraint of 3D printing process, we found that the variation of the base fillet radius affects the dimensional deviation of the porous aluminium anode. As the radius of the fillet increases, the degree of warpage deformation gradually decreases. For this reason, we experimentally verified the self-corrosion rate, electrochemical and discharge properties of aluminium anodes under the same process parameters. The test results are consistent with the simulation analysis. With the increase of fillet radius, the self-corrosion rate of anode gradually decreases and the electrochemical activity gradually increases. Meanwhile, the discharge voltage was as low as 1.55 V in the periphery without rounded corners, and increased by 1.3 % and 3.2 % when the periphery radius was 1 mm and 2 mm, respectively. This research result provides a new method for other researchers to further improve the overall performance of aluminium-air batteries.

Liquid bath-assisted combustion activation preparation of nitrogen/sulfur-doped porous carbon for sodium-ion battery applications

A liquid-bath-assisted salt-template combustion activation method has been developed to overcome the shortcomings of the conventional template method, including elaborate processes and environmental pollution. Herein, N/S double-doped porous carbon material (ECSK-15) with high specific surface area (1148.60 m2 g−1) is synthesized through it for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Benefitting from this approach, the number of ion diffusion channels and the ion exchange rate of the product are significantly increased. When using ether-based electrolyte, after 1000 cycles at a large current density of 2 A g−1, the reversible capacity could still be maintained at 135.60 mA h g−1. The assembled full cell exhibits a high reversible capacity of 480.49 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.5 A g−1. The energy density is calculated to be 204.11 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 160.71 W kg−1. This work provides a porous carbon anode material with good sodium-ion storage capacity and rate performance for application in SIBs.

Au Nanoparticle–polypyrrole Composite Coatings with Enhanced Conductivity and Corrosion Resistance for Ti-Based Porous Transport Layer Anodes in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Au Nanoparticle–polypyrrole Composite Coatings with Enhanced Conductivity and Corrosion Resistance for Ti-Based Porous Transport Layer Anodes in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis

Mitigation of Volumetric Expansion in Silicon Anodes via Engineered Porosity: Electrochemical Performances and Stress Distribution Implication

To overcome the significant volume expansion issue encountered by traditional silicon anodes in lithium‐ion batteries, this study employs chemical etching techniques to treat aluminum–silicon alloys of various ratios, successfully preparing three types of porous silicon electrode materials with different pore structures. Through a series of electrochemical tests, this article investigates the role of porous silicon structures in improving electrode performance. The results demonstrate that the porous silicon anodes exhibit superior cycle stability and rate capability compared to traditional solid silicon anodes. This confirms the effectiveness of the porous structure in mitigating the significant volume expansion during the charge and discharge process of silicon materials and in preventing premature electrode failure, thereby significantly enhancing the electrode's cycle life. Remarkably, the porous silicon with a high porosity rate shows exceptionally outstanding performance. Additionally, using computer simulations, this study also models the impact of changes in pore size within the porous silicon material at different states of charge and discharge on the stress distribution at the particle center and surface. These experimental and simulation results jointly provide strong empirical evidence for applying porous silicon materials as high‐performance anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries and offer essential guidance for future stress analysis and electrode design of porous silicon electrode materials.

Development of a Novel Structured Mesh-Type Pd/γ-Al2O3/Al Catalyst on Nitrobenzene Liquid-Phase Catalytic Hydrogenation Reactions

Nitrobenzene liquid-phase catalytic hydrogenation is commonly regarded as one of the most effective technologies for aniline production. The traditional granular catalysts have the disadvantages that the reactor bed pressure drop is large and the mass transfer efficiency between gas and liquid phases is low. In this study, a novel structured mesh-type Pd/γ-Al2O3/Al catalyst was prepared by anodic oxidation and pore structures of γ-Al2O3/Al supports were constructed by acid pore-widening treatments. The results showed that acid pore-widening treatments can improve the pore size of γ-Al2O3/Al supports; the support with HNO3 pore-widening treatment exhibited the largest pore size, being enlarged from 3.7 nm to 4.6 nm. The Pd/γ-Al2O3/Al catalysts prepared with different acid pore-widening treatment supports contribute to the increased active metal Pd loading, more Pd0 content, and better dispersion of the Pd particles. The catalyst prepared with HNO3 pore-widening treatment support exhibited the largest active metal Pd loading, enlarging from 1.82% to 1.95%, the largest Pd0 content being enlarged from 52.1% to 58.5% and the smallest Pd particle size being reduced from 103 nm to 41 nm, resulting in the highest nitrobenzene conversion, increasing from 67.2% to 74.3%. Eventually, we calculated that the pressure drop of structured catalysts was 1/72 of that of granular catalysts, resulting in a better diffusion of the H2 through nitrobenzene solution to active sites on the catalyst surface and a significant increase in the catalytic activity.

Boosting sodium storage performance of biomass-derived porous carbon anodes by surface functionalized strategy

In order to enhance the sodium ion storage performance of biomass-derived carbon anode materials, a surface functionalization strategy was employed through a simple acid etching method on porous carbon. The resulting functionalized carbon exhibits a hierarchically porous structure, expanded interlayer spacing, and oxygen-containing functional groups. The redox reactions occurring at the surface between Na ions and carbonyl groups provide additional sites for sodium ion storage, thereby improving cycling capacity and rate capability. Theoretical calculations and electrochemical tests further demonstrate that the functionalized carbon can increase the surface-controlled sodium storage capacity by modifying the transport and adsorption processes of sodium ions. After 200 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1, the carbon anode, which was surface-functionalized with an etching time of 6 h, achieve a high reversible capacity of 273 mA h g−1. Furthermore, it displays improved rate performance with a capacity of 194 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 2 A g−1 for sodium-ion batteries. This study introduces an effective and general strategy for the cost-effective and large-scale synthesis of carbon anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

Silver-Assisted Chemical Etching for the Fabrication of Porous Silicon N-Doped Nanohollow Carbon Spheres Composite Anodes to Enhance Electrochemical Performance.

Silicon (Si) shows great potential as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. However, it experiences significant expansion in volume as it undergoes the charging and discharging cycles, presenting challenges for practical implementation. Nanostructured Si has emerged as a viable solution to address these challenges. However, it requires a complex preparation process and high costs. In order to explore the above problems, this study devised an innovative approach to create Si/C composite anodes: micron-porous silicon (p-Si) was synthesized at low cost at a lower silver ion concentration, and then porous silicon-coated carbon (p-Si@C) composites were prepared by compositing nanohollow carbon spheres with porous silicon, which had good electrochemical properties. The initial coulombic efficiency of the composite was 76.51%. After undergoing 250 cycles at a current density of 0.2 A·g-1, the composites exhibited a capacity of 1008.84 mAh·g-1. Even when subjected to a current density of 1 A·g-1, the composites sustained a discharge capacity of 485.93 mAh·g-1 even after completing 1000 cycles. The employment of micron-structured p-Si improves cycling stability, which is primarily due to the porous space it provides. This porous structure helps alleviate the mechanical stress caused by volume expansion and prevents Si particles from detaching from the electrodes. The increased surface area facilitates a longer pathway for lithium-ion transport, thereby encouraging a more even distribution of lithium ions and mitigating the localized expansion of Si particles during cycling. Additionally, when Si particles expand, the hollow carbon nanospheres are capable of absorbing the resulting stress, thus preventing the electrode from cracking. The as-prepared p-Si utilizing metal-assisted chemical etching holds promising prospects as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

Modulating porous silicon-carbon anode stability: Carbon/silicon carbide semipermeable layer mitigates silicon-fluorine reaction and enhances lithium-ion transport

Silicon-based material is regarded as one of the most promising anodes for next-generation high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity and low cost. Harnessing silicon carbide's robustness, we designed a novel porous silicon with a sandwich structure of carbon/silicon carbide/Ag-modified porous silicon (Ag-PSi@SiC@C). Different from the conventional SiC interface characterized by a frail connection, a robust dual covalent bond configuration, dependent on SiC and SiOC, has been successfully established. Moreover, the innovative sandwich structure effectively reduces detrimental side reactions on the surface, eases volume expansion, and bolsters the structural integrity of the silicon anode. The incorporation of silver nanoparticles contributes to an improvement in overall electron transport capacity and enhances the kinetics of the overall reaction. Consequently, the Ag-PSi@SiC@C electrode, benefiting from the aforementioned advantages, demonstrates a notably elevated lithium-ion mobility (2.4 * 10−9 cm2·s−1), surpassing that of silicon (5.1 * 10−12 cm2·s−1). The half-cell featuring Ag-PSi@SiC@C as the anode demonstrated robust rate cycling stability at 2.0 A/g, maintaining a capacity of 1321.7 mAh/g, and after 200 cycles, it retained 962.6 mAh/g. Additionally, the full-cell, featuring an Ag-PSi@SiC@C anode and a LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode, exhibits outstanding longevity. Hence, the proposed approach has the potential to unearth novel avenues for the extended exploration of high-performance silicon-carbon anodes for LIBs.