Educational Level Of Population Research Articles

Educational attainment and family health risk behaviors

Many studies have shown that education does play a role in personal health risk behaviors, but few studies have focused on whether education significantly affects family health risk behaviors. In this article, we aim to examine the effects of educational attainment on family health behaviors using survey data from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The ordinary least squares (OLS) approach and the instrumental variable (IV) method are adopted. Regression results show that the educational attainment of respondents has a significant inhibitory effect on household smoking participation, the number of smokers, and the number of cigarettes smoked per day, but has no significant effect on household drinking behavior. Results of mechanism analysis reveal that a one-stage increase in the population's education level would reduce the probability of smoking initiation by 7.89% and decrease the daily cigarettes consumption by 4.59. Heterogeneity analyses suggest that compared to women, men's increased educational attainment has a significant inhibitory effect on smoking participation not only for themselves but also for the rest of the household. From a health perspective, we suggest that the government should further promote the development of education.

Impact of Education on Economic Development

Education is widely acknowledged as the most important tool for socioeconomic development in a country. It catalyzes boosting productivity and promoting technological advancements. There is a clear positive relationship between education levels and stages of economic growth. As the population's education level improves, it opens up and expands various sectors of the economy, including secondary, tertiary, and quaternary sectors, leading to increased job opportunities and contributing to the overall size of the country's gross domestic product. Qualitative research methods were employed in this study to uncover the impact of education on economic development, with a specific focus on the agriculture, manufacturing, and earnings sectors. The study explored the intricate connections between education and these sectors through document analysis, and observations. The findings highlighted the transformative power of education in driving sustainable and inclusive economic progress. Education also plays a pivotal role in uplifting agricultural and industrial productivity by adopting modern inputs and technology, resulting in higher wages for the workforce. Educated individuals tend to earn more, invest in their family's well-being and healthcare, and enjoy longer lives, thereby fostering societal development. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by comprehensively understanding how education influences economic development, particularly in the agriculture, manufacturing, and earnings sectors. It underscores the importance of education as a driver of sustainable and inclusive growth, emphasizing the need for continued investment in education to ensure long-term socioeconomic progress.

An Introduction to The Impact of India's Use of Central Bank Digital Currency on the International Financial System

In the course of global research and development of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), researchers are increasingly aware of the importance of CBDC. India, one of the important economies in the world, has obtained many fruitful results in the research process of CBDC. This study draws on data and findings from previous studies by exploring the good policies and possible risks faced in the process of introducing CBDC in India. Based on the research data, it explores the impact of the introduction of CBDC in India on international monetary policy and the implications for other countries. The study shows that the introduction of CBDC may receive some hindrance due to the inadequate infrastructure and the difference in the quality of the population's education levelIn the course of global research and development of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC), researchers are increasingly aware of the importance of CBDC. India, one of the important economies in the world, has obtained many fruitful results in the research process of CBDC. This study draws on data and findings from previous studies by exploring the good policies and possible risks faced in the process of introducing CBDC in India. Based on the research data, it explores the impact of the introduction of CBDC in India on international monetary policy and the implications for other countries. The study shows that the introduction of CBDC may receive some hindrance due to the inadequate infrastructure and the difference in the quality of the population's education level.

ANALYSIS OF THE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENT IN UKRAINE'S ECONOMY

The article examines the state of education in Ukraine and its impact on the country's economic development. The structure is analyzed, with a focus on the main areas of education and the population's education level. The influence of education on Ukraine's economic development is discussed. The need to improve the educational system and ensure quality education for the younger generation is emphasized. It is noted that proper attention to education will help increase the number of qualified workers in the labor market, make the economy more competitive, and ensure sustainable economic growth. The issue of state support for education is discussed. It is noted that investing in education is a necessary condition for the country's economic development. The government should ensure adequate funding for education and provide accessibility to the educational process for all segments of the population. Overall, the article makes it clear that education is an important factor for Ukraine's economic development. The need for support, investment, and raising the level of education and qualifications of the population is emphasized. Attention is drawn to the need for improving the educational system and developing new teaching technologies. An analysis of problems hindering the development of education in Ukraine, such as inadequate funding, low quality of education, and insufficient infrastructure, is conducted. Some recommendations for addressing these problems, such as increasing funding for education, ensuring quality education, and developing new teaching technologies, are proposed. The article introduces the state of education in Ukraine, particularly its structure and level. The necessity for developing education to ensure sustainable economic growth of the country is pointed out. Keywords: education, innovation, economic development, science, technological structure.

THE ETHNOSOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE CHUVASH POPULATION IN BASHKORTOSTAN (1979–2019)

Based on the data of the All-Union and All-Russian population censuses, as well as statistical data, the article makes an attempt to reveal the ethno-social structure of the Chuvash population in Bashkortostan in 1979–2010. One of the main indicators of high social status and positive social well-being is the educational level of the population. The indicators reflecting the educational level of the Chuvash population in Bashkortostan are lower than the average ones in the Republic. Despite this, the Chuvash were represented in various spheres of the republic’s economy. A significant proportion of the Chuvash were represented in the field of industry (21.2%), a certain part worked in the field of natural sciences and healthcare, a solid part was made up of highly qualified specialists – 9.3%, as well as in the field of education – 4.5%. Among the Chuvash, the highest share among the ethnic groups of the republic was the share with several sources of livelihood: two sources – 39.0% and three sources – 2.1%, when the national average was 29.4% and 1.7%, respectively.
 
 One of the main income sources for the Chuvash was private subsidiary farming, which accounted for a little more than one third (29.6%), significantly outstripping the indicators of other ethnic groups in this area and significantly exceeding the national average (18.9%). Noting rather high indicators of the Chuvash in some areas of the republican economy, it should be emphasized that according to many other indicators, the social and professional status of the Chuvash population in Bashkortostan is still inferior to that of representatives of other ethnic groups.

INVESTIGACIÓN A ESCOLARES DE NIVEL SECUNDARIO RESPECTO AL USO DE MEDICAMENTOS CON EL OBJETO DE ESTABLECER ACCIONES FORMATIVAS

El grado educativo de una poblacion determina muchas caracteristicas y particularidades del consumo. En el presente trabajo, mediante encuestas a alumnos del nivel secundario de un establecimiento educativo analizamos el grado de formacion respecto a los medicamentos, permitiendonos disenar los topicos de actuacion en las actividades extensionistas a desarrollar. Los resultados demostraron el poco conocimiento sobre el uso de medicamentos, el elevado consumo de medicamentos (mayormente AINEs); aproximadamente tres de cada cinco encuestados utilizaron medicamentos en los ultimos tres meses, y siete de cada diez fueron del sexo femenino. Ademas, cuatro de cada diez alumnos aludieron recurrir a medicamentos recomendados por familiares o miembros cercanos ante malestares pasajeros; la gran mayoria expreso la necesidad de informarse sobre los medicamentos que consumen. Una capacitacion ofrecida en tempranas etapas educativas puede modificar actitudes futuras como consumidores, soslayando la posibilidad de interferencias por factores que contrarresten la utilizacion adecuada de los medicamentos.

Differences in participation rates between urban and rural areas are diminishing in Finland.

Increasing within-country migration from rural to urban areas is setting new challenges for survey organization. For example, the educational level of population in urban and rural areas differ, resulting in differences in health behaviours and health outcomes between areas. Data from the national cross-sectional surveys of the FINRISK Study conducted in Finland in 1997-2012 among the adult population were used. Women living in the capital region were more likely to be survey non-participants than women living in rural areas. The differences between rural and urban areas have diminished over time among men, but not among women. Even though participation rates between different levels of urbanizations are becoming similar, observed differences in population profiles - that is, educational level - between areas may bias survey results unless results are adequately adjusted.

An analytical hierarchy process-based study on the factors affecting legislation on plastic bags in the USA.

Annually, a large number of used plastic shopping bags are released into the environment, posing significant threats to public health and wildlife. Owing to these concerns, many local, regional, and national governments around the world have passed legislation to ban or restrict the use of plastic shopping bags. However, in the USA there are only 18 states that have approved plastic bag bans/fees, and even within these states these regulations do not cover all cities or counties. There are many factors that could affect the development and implementation of these regulations. This article employs an analytical hierarchy process to analyse the factors that could impact the enactment of plastic bag regulations. Five impact factors are identified based on statistical data, that is, geographical location, interest of industry achievable, cost of living, level of economic development, and educational level of population. The weights of the five impact factors are determined and it is found that the possibility of banning or restricting plastic bags in general follows a certain pattern among all states.

IMPROVING FOOD PACKAGING IN RESPECT OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES RELATED TO SOCIETY AGEING

The ageing of people is a phenomenon which has significantly increased in intensity throughout the past several decades. This concerns particularly well-developed countries, where the process in question has been very rapid, and together with the low rate of natural increase accounts for the growing proportion of old people in society. It results from the greater longevity of people, the progress of civilisation and better quality of life. A series of factors exert a direct impact on the phenomenon of population ageing, such as the level of wealth of society, a family model being promoted, the number of women who are active in the labour market, the level of social welfare and health care, the educational level of population and a social policy adopted by a state. The ageing process can thus be considered not only in terms of a demographic aspect, but also in respect of an economic and social one. This is manifested by changes in the consumption structure, increased demand for products and services, which are being tailored to the needs of older consumers. Therefore, this situation forces manufacturers to take proper steps in order to adapt to changing conditions of the immediate environment.

LIQUIDATION OF ILLITERACY IN THE CONTEXT OF CONNECTIONS BETWEEN SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS OF RSFSR AND USSR IN THE 20-30TH YEARS OF THE 20TH CENTURY

The relationship between RSFSR and USSR social organizations in the sphere of liquidation of illiteracy is studied on the basis of archive and published sources. The author of the article characterizes the main stages of collaboration, gives examples of joint events, describes the specific features of all-union campaigns against illiteracy and determines the main forms and methods of collaboration. The author also emphasizes on the key reasons that lead to problems in the process of liquidation of illiteracy within the determined term: the methodological helplessness in the campaign against illiteracy among adults, critical lack of books and periodical editions necessary for effective conduction of the campaign. The relationship between Ukrainian and Russian Federation social organizations that specialized in anti-illiteracy campaigns are investigated by the example of social competitions. The conduction of patron work of ‘Out Illiteracy Organization’ in the Chechen Autonomous Republic is also described in the article. The author analyzed the role of social organizations in the work connected with enhancing cultural and educational level of population. This question remains relevant also in the modern conditions. Purchase on Elibrary.ru > Buy now DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2014-3-10

Intergenerational Educational Mobility in Denmark

In light of the Danish government's goal of 95% of every cohort achieving higher education by 2015, we investigate educational mobility in Denmark. Following 800,000 Danes and their parents, we found that children of parents with only basic education had a three-times-higher risk of achieving only basic education, compared with the children of well-educated parents. These social differences in educational achievements were found despite free education and generous governmental grants and loans. We found general upgrading of a population's educational level to be a tardy process which implies breaking the bonds of negative social inheritance to increase intergenerational social mobility in the society; thus, the government's 95% goal is unlikely to be achieved by 2015.

Evaluating regional differences in breast-feeding in French maternity units: a multi-level approach.

To study how individual and regional characteristics might explain regional variations in breast-feeding rates in maternity units and to identify outlier regions with very low or high breast-feeding rates. Individual characteristics (mother and infant) were collected during hospital stay. All newborns fed entirely or partly on breast milk were considered breast-fed. Regional characteristics were extracted from census data. Statistical analysis included multi-level models and estimation of empirical Bayes residuals to identify outlier regions. All births in all administrative regions in France in 2003. A national representative sample of 13 186 live births. Breast-feeding rates in maternity units varied from 43 % to 80 % across regions. Differences in the distribution of individual characteristics accounted for 55 % of these variations. We identified two groups of regions with the lowest and highest breast-feeding rates, after adjusting for individual-level characteristics. In addition to maternal occupation and nationality, the social characteristics of regions, particularly the population's educational level and the percentage of non-French residents, were significantly associated with breast-feeding rates. Social characteristics at both the individual and regional levels influence breast-feeding rates in maternity units. Promotion policies should be directed at specific regions, groups within the community and categories of mothers to reduce the gaps and increase the overall breast-feeding rate.

Consolidation processes of human capital in modern economic growth dynamics: an estimate based on the role of European corporate e-learning activities

In contemporary knowledge society the contribution of highly skilled human capital has become essential in those processes which aim to achieve high efficiency in input-output relationship. This therefore is a key factor being able to take advantage of high and integrated technologies into work activities, along with a workforce characterized by high levels of education and training. But the growing attention to these two forms of productive capital, tested in many empirical studies which analyze the dynamics of modern economic growth, each requiring specific and continuous investments, is also addressed in the order of another dimension instrumental to the first one. We refer to the activities of lifelong learning, and in particular to the innovative corporate e-learning activities, which have developed considerably over the last decade. The use of new technologies in the processes of education and on-the-job training would make possible to reach more advanced levels of human capital and more efficient knowledge management, with significant savings in variable costs compared to traditional education and training techniques. However these virtuous processes need initial fixed investments, and for this reason it is useful to observe the impact on the growth paths and development of the countries in which they have incurred. In this respect, our analysis focuses in particular on the relationship between European corporate e-learning activities and the active population's education levels, and afterward we observe the relationship between these variables and trend of economic growth. The first analytical approach is crucial to track how much education can be affected by new technologies applied on training, focusing mainly on the study of elearning systems implemented by Italian enterprises. To achieve our goal we resort to the use of multivariate analysis in order to identify the ranking of countries according to their apply of corporate e-learning activities. A second approach refers to the differentiation of countries using on-the-job training systems and the dynamics of economic growth, also focusing on the evolution of corporate e-learning in order to configure the current state and carry out a potential trend estimate.

A Data-Mining Approach for Investigating Social and Economic Geographical Dynamics of $\beta$-Thalassemia's Spread

Beta-thalassemia is an anemic genetic disorder that remains a major global health issue, especially in the globalized era where public health, economics, and education are tightly interwoven. Previous studies have examined the disease's rate and heredity. This study analyzed beta-thalassemia's socioeconomic geography and how it affects the afflicted population. We processed survey data and performed data mining using self-organizing maps to identify underlying data structure. We hypothesized that certain variables mark subgroups within the affected population and we aimed at identifying these subgroups and used a correlation-based measure to assess the variable's importance to the subgroup's distinction. The population's education level was one of the major factors that divided it into different subgroups. Our study showed that recurring patterns of specific variables separated the affected population into disparate subgroups based on their response to questionnaires. Future studies can use such tools to delve deeper into how other variables (e.g. socioeconomic and genomic) can identify subgroups within larger affected populations.

Educational Attainment of Jordan’s Population and Labor Force

The analysis of the educational attainment by Gender tells us about the general demand for education and qualitative change both in population and labor force. The term educational attainment used here refers to the actual level of education completed by a person as it is superior to the enrolment ratio - as a proxy for educational attainment - especially for the measurement of the stock of human capital. The study aims at exploring the educational characteristics of population by gender, as compare with that of labor force during the past three decades. Also the study aims at exploring the educational status of female population and labor force and will finding out whether this status has improved or worsened. The study attempts to find out the relation between the educational level of population and the participation rate in the labor force. To achieve the above aims the study employs the descriptive and the analytical statistical methods through some quantitative comparisons for the characteristics of population and labor force .From the analysis of the related data the study revealed an increasing demand for education not in terms of educational enrollment but in terms of actual educational attainment. The study also found that the labor force is much better educated than population while the analysis of educational attainment by gender indicated that the improvement was in favor of female population and labor force.

Women's status and infant mortality in rural Colombia

This paper investigates the effects of maternal demographic characteristics and social and economic statuses on infant mortality in rural Colombia. Demographic characteristics include the age of the mother, parity and length of preceding interbirth interval, and sex of infant. Measures of women's status at the time of birth include education, wage labor and occupation, economic stratum, place of residence, and whether the mother is living with a husband. The life history data for the study (involving 4,928 births) were collected in 1986 from a representative sample of two cohorts of women resident in rural central Colombia. Overall differentials in infant mortality by measures of women's status are small and are in good part associated with the differing reproductive behaviors of the women and variations in breastfeeding practices. The sharp declines in infant mortality recorded in rural Colombia in recent years appear less related to improved status of women than to reductions in fertility that enhance infant survivorship and to public health interventions shared by all segments of the population.