Influx Of Population Research Articles

Future Population Aging in Bangladesh: Economic and Social Aspects

Recently, Bangladesh has entered into a lower-middle-income country and faces various challenges like other developed countries of the world regarding its population. Eventually, aging will become a challenge for its progressive economy and society. This paper aims to identify the future time periods in which the majority of the indices confirm Bangladesh as an aging country. This study estimates various demographic indices to reveal the age structural transition of Bangladesh's population for 2011-2061. Furthermore, it has computed general distribution indices, the aging index, the Billeter index as reproductive indices, and several economic and support dependency ratios. The trend line of the coefficients of inflow, outflow, and exchange of the productive population has been drawn in order to visualize the future workforce. It has been observed that Bangladesh will be an aging country between 2030 and 2035, taking into account major traditional measures of population aging. In this sense, it is a novel finding for policy implications to overcome the upcoming challenges of the inevitable population aging in Bangladesh. To deal with the implications and drivers of population ageing several steps are required to consider by the government and private institutions. International Journal of Statistical Sciences, Vol. 24(2), November, 2024, pp 109-124

Can highway development mitigate regional decline in South Korea?—Focus on economic development and population inflow

South Korea has experienced rapid economic development since the 1960s. However, pronounced regional disparities have concurrently emerged. Amid the escalating regional inequalities and persistent demographic challenges characterized by low fertility rates, regional decline has become a pressing issue. Therefore, the feasibility of expanding transportation networks as a countermeasure to regional decline has been proposed. This study utilizes the synthetic control method and spatial difference-in-differences methodologies to assess the impact of the 2017 opening of Seoul–Yangyang Expressway on economic development and population inflow within Hongcheon-gun, Inje-gun, and Yangyang-gun. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of highway development as a policy instrument to mitigate regional decline. Findings from the synthetic control method analysis suggest a positive impact of the opening of the expressway on Hongcheon-gun’s Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in 2018, as well as Yangyang-gun’s net migration rates from 2017 to 2019. Conversely, the spatial difference-in-differences analysis, designed to identify spillover effects, reveals negative impacts of the highway on the GRDP and net migration rates of adjacent regions. Consequently, although targeted transportation infrastructure development in key non Seoul Metropolitan cities may contribute to ameliorating regional imbalances, results indicate that such measures alone are unlikely to suffice in attracting population to small- and medium-sized cities outside the Seoul Metropolitan Area.

Interclusión. Aproximaciones epistemológicas y didácticas para el devenir educativo contemporáneo

Objective. This essay aims to reflect on the pressing issue of migration in the Latin American region, and particularly Chile, a country that has experienced a considerable increase in the influx of foreign population into its territory in recent years. Discussion. This analysis addresses the challenges and possibilities that migration presents to socio-educational transformation, from a new epistemic perspective of inclusion and interculturality. This perspective favors the full integration of foreign students into diverse educational contexts. Although inclusion and interculturality are relevant to the current reality and theoretically enrich each other, they do not engage in dialogue concerning public policy and, therefore, do not promote the development of a new local and diverse identity. Conclusion. From an intersectional perspective, this article proposes the concept of interclusion, which emerges from the interrelation of inclusion, interculturality, and identity. Interclusion serves as a response to reflection, analysis, and development of pedagogical and learning practices that are attentive to multicultural realities. It also serves as a response to the constant challenge of improving pedagogical and didactic processes to advance in the construction of Latin American knowledge.

Interconnected water scarcities and environmental amenities migration in rural Chile

This paper explores the repercussions of amenity migration on rural communities' access to water through a comparative analysis of three case studies in Chile. It examines the concept of rural drinking waterscapes to elucidate how access to water is dependent upon a metabolic process, wherein social, political, economic, and technical elements contribute to the construction of rural landscapes. This notion implies paying close attention to the daily practices of water access at the household level through ethnographic methods (multiplying interviews and observations), thus uncovering unregulated water habits and uses. The results underscore the pivotal role played by the State in shaping the desirability of these localities, attracting both capital and upper-class population influx. This socio-demographic shift triggers significant changes in land-use patterns, resulting in an amplified and diversified demand for water. The study identifies that water scarcity is a multifaceted issue, stemming from the intricate interplay of various scarcities occurring simultaneously across different scales. These include: 1) infrastructure scarcity, arising from households' inability to connect to the communal water network; 2) service management scarcity, induced by operational failures that reduce water pressure or increase supply interruptions; 3) economic scarcity, resulting from water organisation budget constraints or residents’ inability to meet water bills; and 4) overexploitation scarcity, emanating from the excessive consumption of groundwater resources. Notably, these different forms of scarcity are interconnected. The responses of local populations and governing committees are identified as central to this intricate chain of causation, as they can inadvertently create new scarcity scenarios and exacerbate inequalities.

Kunz and post-communist geographies of urban poverty in Romania

This article examines the spatial, social, economic, and civic dimensions of poverty in a post-communist Romanian city, focusing on the Kunz, an informal neighborhood in Timișoara. In Romanian, areas marked by concentrated poverty are pejoratively referred to as mahala, and internationally as, akin to the pejorative word, ‘slums’. This study sheds light on spatially concentrated poverty in post-communist cities through the lens of urban planning, citizenship, and environmental justice. Drawing on multiple research methods, the research reveals how environmental injustice is perpetuated by the lack of inclusive urban planning strategies, exacerbating existing poverty due to a continuous influx of impoverished populations from various regions. Exploiting legal uncertainties, these newcomers built homes without property deeds, subdividing older land plots. The strong socio-economic cohesion, basic urban infrastructure arrangements, temporary identity cards, and strong family ties within the community mitigate the fear of eviction from substandard housing. Economic crises generate a certain sense of security in the face of eviction as residents in these impoverished areas interpret crises as opportunities for safety. This sentiment prevails as substantial public investments are often delayed, reducing the likelihood of demolition and mass evictions, leaving the population nowhere else to turn.

Toward Common Prosperity: Measuring decrease in inequality in China prefecture-level cities

To resolve the ongoing debate on the trajectory of inequality in China and to quantitatively measure China’s progress toward the goal of common prosperity, this study proposes a novel approach based on Revealed Comparative Wealth (RCW). Tailoring RCW to national levels to study China prefecture-level cities, a salient pattern of widespread convergence to the national mean since 2003 is observed, signifying an extensive reduction in economic inequality across China prefecture-level cities. Building on this observation, a modified Gini coefficient, Ginicity, is proposed, which shows that China’s inter-city economic inequality reached its zenith in 2003 and has since been declining. A new Theil’s T formulae is also derived based on RCW to corroborate this finding. The declining inequality trend can be largely attributed to two key mechanisms: (1) the implementation of the “Common Prosperity” policy framework, which includes numerous targeted assistance policies from both central and local governments aimed at fostering a more balanced and equitable economic landscape, and (2) the process of urbanization, which exacerbated inequality in 1980s and 1990s during China’s first stage of economic reform, has facilitated the sharing of added wealth with an influx of population into economically thriving cities since 2000. The developmental strategies of China may offer valuable insights for other developing countries pursuing economic equality and growth simultaneously.

Psychosocial characteristics of suicide deaths by regional types in Korea: An analysis based on population inflow and outflow.

This study aims to investigate the psychosocial characteristics of suicide deaths in Korea according to population inflow and outflow, and to identify high-risk suicide groups by regional type in order to establish tailored suicide prevention plans for each region. The analysis included 4193 suicide deaths from four regional types in Korea. The data source was a comprehensive survey of suicide deaths through police investigation records from the Korean government. The analysis involved collecting demographic variables, suicide-related variables, and stress variables at the time of death for suicide deaths in each region and conducting cross-analysis and multinomial logistic regression analysis. Across all regions, factors such as male gender, unemployment, hanging in one's own home, and mental health problems were prevalent. However, in population-inflow urban areas, early-middle age and economic problems were higher, in population-outflow urban areas, late-middle age and economic problems were more prominent. Additionally, in both inflow and outflow rural areas, there was a relatively higher proportion of old age and physical health problems. This study is significant for confirming common and specific factors influencing suicide in each region, and for proposing considerations when formulating tailored suicide prevention plans for local communities.

Urban Expansion and Changing Settlement Patterns of Hyderabad City After 1990s

This paper examines the urban expansion and evolving settlement patterns of Hyderabad city since the 1990s, a period marked by rapid growth and transformation in response to economic liberalization, population influx, and infrastructural developments. The study employs spatial analysis techniques, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), to map changes in land use, density shifts, and the expansion of urban peripheries. Key factors such as migration, industrial growth, and policy shifts are analyzed to understand their role in reshaping the city's morphology. Findings reveal significant spatial reorganization, with traditional central areas experiencing densification and peripheral zones undergoing rapid development

빅데이터 기반 지역사회개발 이슈 분석의 의미: 청도군 지역사회개발에 관한 LDA와 DMR 토픽모델링을 사례로

This study aims to discover the utility of big data analysis in research related to community development and to derive meaningful implications. To achieve this, the case of Cheongdo-gun, despite of a designated depopulation area, experiencing a rapid increase in temporary residents, was examined. Alongside a literature review on the region, Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Dirichlet Multinomial Regression (DMR) topic modeling were conducted on 7,599 news articles from 89 media outlets collected from BigKinds between 2014 and 2023. This analysis enabled an understanding of the interrelations and changes among community development issues in Cheongdo-gun, such as cultural and artistic content, ecological and historical tourism, population influx policies, local festivals, and community activities. This study is significant in that it demonstrates how LDA and DMR topic modeling, using big data, objectively synthesizes specific issues within the sociocultural context of the community development.

EGALITARIANISM WITHOUT CATASTROPHE?

This paper explores the Teotihuacan civilisation’s low levels of inequality, challenging Walter Scheidel’s Four Horsemen theory which posits that only catastrophic events can significantly reduce inequality. Analysing Teotihuacan, a large pre-Columbian city noted for its egalitarian structure, the paper refutes the idea that only mass warfare, pandemics, revolution or state collapse can flatten social hierarchies. It suggests that Teotihuacan’s unique formation and governance, influenced by a multiethnic population influx following a volcanic eruption, fostered a decentralised and egalitarian society. The paper contributes to the discussion on designing equal and sustainable societies, offering an alternative historical perspective to the inevitability of social inequality.

Decoding Socio-Economic Demographic Trends: The Power of Spatial Econometrics and Geographic Analysis

Greece is experiencing a steady population decline caused by the declining migratory and natural balance. This research investigates the spatial impact of socio-economic and demographic factors on the natural population balance in Greece for the spatial zoning of municipal administrative units. Using geographically weighted regression (GWR) on data from the 2011 Greek census, the research explores the local impacts of factors like housing repair permits, vacant housing, employment rates, population inflows, distance from regional centers, aging, gender ratios, and education levels. An initial ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was conducted, revealing significant spatial variation and emphasizing the necessity of spatial econometric methods. The GWR model proved to be more effective in accounting for the variance in the data, removing spatial autocorrelation and revealing high local variation. Results show the high negative impact of the aging index in Western Greece and the Ionian islands, the counterintuitive positive effect of the gender ratio in urban areas, and the positive influence of population inflows in high-migration regions like Northern Greece and Crete. The results of this study underline the need to utilize spatial econometric methods for a precise and detailed understanding of demographic trends and provide valuable insights for localized strategies to address demographic challenges.

The Impacts of Relational Population Influx on Local Economies in Depopulation Areas

The Impacts of Relational Population Influx on Local Economies in Depopulation Areas

The Impacts of Relational Population Influx on Local Economies in Depopulation Areas

The Impacts of Relational Population Influx on Local Economies in Depopulation Areas

Mitigating the Problem of Local Extinction through Pilot Operation of the Gyeongbuk Theme City: Focusing on a comparative analysis between Kawaba Village and the Bu-Ul-Gyeong megacity†

As of 2023, over half of South Korea's 228 regions face population extinction, despite substantial local government efforts. This study examines why the "Busan-Ulsan-Gyeongnam (Bu-Ul-Gyeong) Megacity" initiative failed to address this issue. By analyzing the successful revitalization of Kawaba village in Japan, which attracted more than 2.5 million tourists, this study proposes an innovative solution tailored to South Korea—the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park." This project aims to revitalize the Gyeongbuk region's economy and reverse population decline, contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 11: "Sustainable Cities and Communities."This study uses a comparative case study methodology to analyze the Bu-Ul-Gyeong Megacity initiative and Kawaba Village. Data collection involved a review of policy documents and academic literature for the former and fieldwork, including interviews and observations, for the latter. The key participants included local government officials and employees in Kawaba Village. Insights from Kawaba were applied to design the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park," which integrates successful elements from Kawaba's model while addressing the shortcomings of the Bu-Ul-Gyeong initiative.The Bu-Ul-Gyeong initiative failed because of a lack of economic revitalization planning, insufficient community engagement, and poor cooperation between governments. Kawaba village succeeded in establishing partnerships, fostering local enterprises, and maintaining effective government communication. These factors are critical in overcoming challenges in regional development.This study proposes the "Gyeongbuk Four Seasons Theme Park," a rotating, seasonal attraction across four cities, emphasizing local specialties and resident participation. This project aims to increase population inflow and establish sustainable agricultural enterprises, contributing to the economic revitalization of the Gyeongbuk region.

Changing patterns and determinants of China's interprovincial migration: Evidence from the 2020 census

AbstractInterprovincial migration in China has changed in recent years due to the socioeconomic transformation. Yet, less attention has been paid to the current spatial patterns of interprovincial migration, especially the spatial heterogeneity of the determinants. Based on the newly released 2020 census data, this study explored the spatial patterns and determinants of interprovincial migration in China using a spatial analysis and geographically weighted regression. The results revealed multiple trends in interprovincial migration, including flow from developing provinces in the central region to eastern and western regions and returning flow from developed to developing provinces in the central and western regions. The Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta urban agglomerations remained centres of population inflow. Moreover, key western development areas, such as the Chengdu‐Chongqing area and Xinjiang, emerged as centres of population inflow. Economic and social development, social safety, and living environment significantly and positively affected interprovincial migration. Furthermore, significant spatial heterogeneity in factors influencing migration was detected. The findings provide a systematic understanding of China's interprovincial migration in 2020 and the spatial heterogeneity of determinants can guide the population development strategy design of governments.

PSLBII-12 Cloning and analysis of target-specific CRISPR RNA and screening primers to create β-lactoglobulin knock-out goat fibroblast cell lines for nuclear transfer

Abstract Goat milk and meat are primary or additional source of income for small farmers in large parts of the world. Goat farming is increasing in southeastern United States, due to influx of ethnic populations. Goat milk is rich in health promoting nutrients compared with other livestock milk; however, its consumption results in allergenicity in humans due to presence of β-lactoglobulin protein in milk. Although some efforts have been made to eliminate allergenicity by modifying β-lactoglobulin gene, especially in Chinese goats, more research is needed to make it a reality. The objective of this study was to design, clone and characterize CRISPR RNA (crRNA) in a plasmid vector containing Cas 9 expression cassette as well as design and analyze PCR primers for efficient screening of edited genomes as a prelude to create and analyze β-lactoglobulin knock-out goats. Three crRNAs, two from exon 1 and one from exon 2 of goat β-lactoglobulin gene with 5 base hangovers were designed and cloned individually in GeneArt CRISPR Nuclease plasmid Vector. Sequence analysis of selected plasmid clones using U 6 promoter primer, upstream of the crRNA insert, confirmed that at least 3 clones of each crRNA had the right sequence. Additionally, 4 sets (forward and reverse) of primers to amplify 4 loci in β-lactoglobulin gene flanking the crRNA sequences in goat genome were designed. PCR amplification using genomic DNA isolated from goat blood as well as goat skin fibroblasts (GSF) confirmed expected single bands of 655, 812, 502 and 437 bps with respective primer sets. Transfection of 3 crRNA clones in GSF cells and their analysis for site-specific genome modification is in progress. In conclusion, we have designed, cloned, and tested crRNA in a plasmid vector along with 4 sets of PCR primers to screen for edited genomes which will be useful to create β-lactoglobulin edited goats to eliminate milk allergenicity.

Research on the coupling of ecological environment and socio-economic development in resource-based cities: Based on scenario simulation method

Resource-based cities (RBCs) encounter numerous challenges in terms of ecological environment (EE) protection and socio-economy (SE) upgrading. This exerts pressure on the advancement of sustainable development. A benign relationship between EE and SE is a crucial factor in promoting RBCs to realize sustainable development. Using Sichuan RBCs as a case study, this study determined the EE and SE resilience levels, examined the degree of coupling coordination between the two levels of resilience, and investigated the specific pathways in which RBCs might reach a high coupling state. The level of resilience in Sichuan RBCs is dropping for EE, stable for SE, and steadily increasing overall. The degree of coupling coordination is suboptimal, as shown by a D-value of 0.260. However, there is an overall trend towards improved coordination. There 8 cities with a moderate state of dysfunction. In the high state development scenario, the coupling coordination degree of the cities rises significantly. Guang'an, Luzhou, Nanchong, and Zigong should prioritize addressing the issue of EE pollution emission and work to strengthen the regulation and treatment of industrial pollutants. Moreover, to enhance the influx of talent and population, the cities of Dazhou, Guangyuan, Panzhihua, and Ya'an should implement human-centered urban design and layout.

Population Distribution in Guizhou’s Mountainous Cities: Evolution of Spatial Pattern and Driving Factors

Guizhou is a typical mountainous province and is also one of the lowland regions in China that has attracted a population influx. Here, using population density data from 2000 to 2020 as the basic dataset and the coefficient of variation method and standard deviation ellipse analysis, we investigated the spatial characteristics across different years. The results show: Firstly, Guizhou’s population has a distinct spatial distribution, characterized by a lower population density in the southeast and a higher density in the northwest as well as an increasing polarization of population concentration toward the centers of prefecture-level cities and provincial capitals. Fluctuations in population density resemble a central siphon effect, which is particularly pronounced in the provincial capital and show a significant gravitational pull. Secondly, the coefficient of variation in population density across Guizhou’s counties is spatially divided by Guiyang, showing higher values in the east and lower values in the west. Furthermore, the ellipse of the standard deviation of population density is gradually shrinking, indicating an increasingly concentrated population distribution. Thirdly, the explanatory power of the population and socio-economic systems on the population distribution in Guizhou is significantly greater than that of the natural systems. Population distribution and migration patterns have shifted from purely “economic driven” to coexisting with “economic and comfort-oriented” trends, and there is an urgent need to improve the comfort level of public services as a typical supply, in order to boost Guizhou’s population attraction.

A 19-year analysis of hot and cold temperature burdens on mortality in Amman, Jordan

BackgroundMost studies on climate-induced health effects have primarily focused on developed countries. Jordan, in particular, has seen limited research in quantifying the differential impacts of temperature on mortality. Jordan's unique demographic composition, characterized by significant refugee population influxes, necessitates research in this area to identify vulnerable populations. This study aims to: 1) quantify the mortality burden of hot and cold temperature in Amman, Jordan, and 2) identify vulnerable groups within the population. MethodsWe collected 19 years of daily all-cause mortality records from 2000 to 2018 in Amman, Jordan, aggregated by sex and nationality. We used a time series design in a distributed lag non-linear model for temperature to estimate non-linear associations and lagged effects of temperature on mortality across sex and nationality. We calculated attributable mortality for temperatures above (heat) and below (cold) the minimum mortality temperature for each category. ResultsWe analyzed 184,166 all-cause mortalities; 106,977 were males, and 22,118 were non-Jordanians. Amman's calculated minimum mortality temperatures were 23.2 °C for males, 21.5 °C for females, 22.3 °C for Jordanians, and 24.7 °C for non-Jordanians. Our findings reveal that females exhibited greater vulnerability to heat, with a 2.59 % (1.54 %, 3.59 %) heat attributable mortality fraction compared to 1.17 % (0.53 %, 1.80 %) for males, while non-Jordanians were susceptible to cold, with an 8.36 % (2.83 %, 14.66 %) cold attributable mortality fraction compared to 5.91 % (4.37 %, 7.41 %) for Jordanians. ConclusionThis study highlights the increased vulnerability of marginalized communities in Amman to temperature extremes. It emphasizes the need for further research to identify at-risk groups not only in Amman but also in other cities across Jordan. Such research is crucial for developing targeted protective strategies to safeguard these populations.

The impact of population influx on infectious diseases - from the mediating effect of polluted air transmission.

The global population influx during the COVID-19 pandemic poses significant challenges to public health, making the prevention and control of infectious diseases a pressing concern. This paper aims to examine the impact of population influx on the spread of infectious diseases, with a specific emphasis on the mediating role of air pollution in this process. A theoretical analysis is conducted to explore the relationship between population influx, air pollution, and infectious diseases. Additionally, we establish a series of econometric models and employ various empirical tests and analytical techniques, including mediation effect test, threshold effect test, and systematic GMM test, to evaluate our hypotheses. The results indicate that: (1) Population influx directly and indirectly impacts infectious diseases. Specifically, population influx not only directly elevates the risk of infectious diseases, but also indirectly increases the incidence rate of infectious diseases by intensifying air pollution. (2) The impact of population inflow on infectious diseases exhibits regional heterogeneity. Compared to central and western China, the eastern regions exhibit a significantly higher risk of infectious diseases, exceeding the national average. (3) External factors influence the relationship between population influx and infectious diseases differently. Personal income and medical resources both help mitigate the risk of infectious diseases due to population influx, with medical resources having a more substantial effect. Contrary to expectations, abundant educational resources have not reduced the risk, instead, they have exacerbated the risk associated with population influx. This paper provides a scientific basis for formulating effective strategies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.