Population Growth In Australia Research Articles

THE PROBLEM OF MATERNAL MORTALITY AND POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA, 1880 – 1939: SOME IDEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS

Community Health StudiesVolume 4, Issue 2 p. 104-110 Free to Read THE PROBLEM OF MATERNAL MORTALITY AND POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA, 1880 – 1939: SOME IDEOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS Milton Lewis, Milton Lewis Canberra Marriage Counselling Service, 115 London Circuit, Canberra City, ACT 2601.Search for more papers by this author Milton Lewis, Milton Lewis Canberra Marriage Counselling Service, 115 London Circuit, Canberra City, ACT 2601.Search for more papers by this author First published: June 1980 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-6405.1980.tb00283.xCitations: 2AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume4, Issue2June 1980Pages 104-110 RelatedInformation

The Eastern Australian Floods of February 2022 and Its Relationship with Climate Change

During February 2022 major riverine flooding occurred in an area which has the fastest population growth in Australia. This extended from the Mary River in Southeast Queensland (SEQ) to the Clarence River in Northeast NSW (NENSW). Two centres within this area were devastated by floods unprecedented in living memory. One was the Brisbane Metropolitan area where all-time record daily rainfall in the suburbs flooded creeks. This creek flooding was much worse than that caused by the Brisbane River itself where Wivenhoe Dam played a role in preventing more disastrous flooding. The other was in the Northern New South Wales city of Lismore where rainfall in the Wilsons River catchment exceeded all known rainfall rates there. The structure of the weather system generating the rainfall responsible for these two floods is studied along with the climatology of such events. One event which occurred during 1954 stands out and is examined in detail. A climate shift in 1976 resulted in two decades of relatively benign weather in the region and tourism flourished there due to mild summers and warm winters. The area experienced a huge growth in population with fading memories of past disastrous weather events and huge residential development occurred in flood plain areas. During the twenty-first century these extreme events have returned although so far not as frequent as earlier decades but still result in some residents experiencing multiple flooding events. The 1954 event occurred during an extended period of devastating flood events not experienced in recent decades. With the huge increase in population in this area since the 1970s such a series of events like those in the 1950s would stretch the resources of disaster managers given the problems, they faced in 2022.

Modelling population retention in Australia’s Northern Territory – how do current forms of migration contribute to population turnover and retention?

ABSTRACTIn the past, population growth in Australia's Northern Territory, as in other peripheral parts of high-income countries, has been driven by internal labour migration and migration from outside of Australia. These have been contributing to the high population turnover experienced in peripheral areas. Since 2010, the Northern Territory has experienced low (and even negative) population growth, and public policy is currently focused on migration as a lever to reverse this trend. However, the extent to which the characteristics of migrants influence the potential for longer-term population growth is poorly understood. This paper uses a new method to analyse the contributions of various types of migrants to both population turnover and retention. Two major sets of findings emerge: First, the significance of separating newer in-migrants from longer-term residents when analysing migration patterns; and secondly, the contribution of age, gender, Indigenous status, international origin, wages and industry of employment to the Northern Territory's population turnover. The research suggests that current forms of migration favour people who are likely to stay for only short periods, and have high wage demands. The main policy inference is that long-term population growth will likely not eventuate unless new forms of migration can be stimulated.

Labor's Greenhouse Aspirations

The Labor government aspires to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 60 per cent on year 2000 levels. Is this a realistic commitment? The issue is explored in the context of likely population growth in Australia from 21 million to 31.6 million by 2050. The population factor is ignored by the Garnaut Climate Change Review. Yet this article calculates that the energy required to provide for the material needs of the additional population will (in the absence of intervention) lead to a huge increase in greenhouse gas emissions. In consequence, in order to achieve the 60 per cent reduction target, the price level for permits under the emission trading scheme proposed by Garnaut will have to be very high. It is doubtful whether these prices will be politically acceptable.

Attitudes to Immigration and Population Growth in Australia 1954 to 2010: An Overview

Australia has a long series of polls on attitudes to the number of migrants coming to the country but, because of general ignorance about demography, these cannot be used as reliable indicators of attitudes to population growth. However recent, very rapid, growth has sparked a new and wide-ranging debate about population growth, and the role that immigration plays in forcing the pace. In future voters should be able to draw more accurate conclusions about this role. There is now a groundswell of community concern; for example, in April 2010, 87 per cent wanted Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane to either stay the same size or have a smaller population. While some commentators see the pro-stability position as racist, or as the product of political manipulation, the evidence shows that it is based on concern about local training and the stress that growth imposes on both the man-made and natural environment.

“Rack ‘em, Pack ‘em and Stack ‘em”: Decarceration in an Age of Zero Tolerance

This article traces the recent history of prison population growth in Australia, discusses its causes, costs and benefits, and suggests ways in which the growth in Australian imprisonment rates may be contained or reversed without threat to public safety. Several options are discussed. They include abolishing short sentences, restoring discretion to the courts to set the relationship between the aggregate sentence and the non-parole period, giving Parole Boards greater discretion to deal with breaches of parole, reform of community corrections, and bail reform.

The Demographic Constraints on Future Population Growth in Regional Australia

ABSTRACTConcern about rapid population growth in Australia's large cities and slower growth in many non-metropolitan areas has stimulated a range of government policies attempting to lift non-metropolitan growth rates. However, there is relatively little research on which to base these policies. It would be helpful to understand more about the consequences of current demographic trends continuing and the effects of alternative migration patterns. This paper presents sub-national population projections for Australia over the horizon 2011–2041, basing the projections on more socially meaningful Remoteness Areas instead of common statistical geographies. Three sets of projections were generated: a Current Direction scenario in which recent demographic trends are maintained, a Regional Immigration scenario in which more immigrants settle in regional and remote areas, and a Metro Exodus scenario in which there is increased internal migration from metropolitan to non-metropolitan areas. The future of Australia's population geography is shown to be one of spatially varying growth and population ageing, and continued metropolitanisation. In regional areas rapid population ageing will lower natural increase rates and thus reduce overall growth, resulting in a falling share of the national population. Policy measures attempting to increase the share of growth in regional areas will struggle against natural demographic forces operating in the opposite direction.

Immigration and Refugees: Punctuations in the Commonwealth Policy Agenda

In April 2013, Australia's population reached 23 million. Up to 60 percent of population growth in Australia comes from immigration and 40 percent of population growth comes from natural increase. It is therefore not too surprising that the issue of immigration receives a considerable amount of attention in the overall Commonwealth policy agenda. However, immigration policy is a complex policy area that is vulnerable to sudden increases in policy attention. Such increases in policy attention may be related to external shocks, wars or changing global economic conditions. This article charts some of the contextual factors, which result in high‐salience punctuations and intense policy activity in the area of immigration.

Population Growth in Australia: Views and Policy Talk for Possible Futures

AbstractDebates about population growth and the policies that might direct it have occurred from time to time in Australia and have always received publicity. This paper explores two facets of Australia's recent discourse about population growth. First, it identifies the major scholarly work of the last two decades that analyses the significance of population growth in Australia, this work seeking to provide an alternative to diverse popular and populist claims made in the 1990s. Second, the paper raises the particular areas of policy thinking on which this debate has drawn when seeking to support the need for population to grow more or grow less (population ageing, the need for urban [social and physical] infrastructure, and the recent discussion of the export industry of education). The paper concludes by asking why certain powerful public discourses constitute population growth as something to be feared.

Bringing Scholarship and Judgement into the Australian Population Debate

Video Abstract: http://bit.ly/ocGEkd

Reconstructing the dynamics of ancient human populations from radiocarbon dates: 10 000 years of population growth in Australia.

Measuring trends in the size of prehistoric populations is fundamental to our understanding of the demography of ancient people and their responses to environmental change. Archaeologists commonly use the temporal distribution of radiocarbon dates to reconstruct population trends, but this can give a false picture of population growth because of the loss of evidence from older sites. We demonstrate a method for quantifying this bias, and we use it to test for population growth through the Holocene of Australia. We used model simulations to show how turnover of site occupation across an archaeological landscape, interacting with erasure of evidence at abandoned sites, can create an increase in apparent site occupation towards the present when occupation density is actually constant. By estimating the probabilities of abandonment and erasure from archaeological data, we then used the model to show that this effect does not account for the observed increase in occupation through the Holocene in Australia. This is best explained by population growth, which was low for the first part of the Holocene but accelerated about 5000 years ago. Our results provide new evidence for the dynamism of non-agricultural populations through the Holocene.

The Economic Impacts of a New Dam in South‐East Queensland

Abstract South‐East Queensland has combined the most rapid population growth in Australia with rainfall that has persisted below average for many years. The Queensland Government has responded with a number of plans to supplement existing water supplies in the region. This paper uses a multiregional, dynamic CGE model to estimate the regional impacts of construction of Traveston dam. The magnitude of net welfare benefits of the project depends on underlying assumptions concerning future rainfall patterns. All the mainland state governments are proposing water supply augmentation measures. It is probable that a number of these projects are not justifiable on economic grounds.

IMPACT OF BITING MIDGES ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES IN HERVEY BAY, QUEENSLAND, AUSTRALIA

Biting midges (Culicoides spp.) are an important environmental health issue in Hervey Bay, an area of rapid population growth in Australia. It is also the gateway to a World Heritage area (Great Sandy Strait) and a destination for tourists. The spread of housing developments into suburbs close to midge breeding habitats has led to a problem for the local government responsible for managing biting insects in its area. Suburbs with a severe biting midge problem were found to have significantly lower residential property values than less affected suburbs. The gross reduction in value in due to the midge problem was estimated to range from more than AUS dollar 25 million, based on actual sale price, to more than AUS dollar 55 million, based on the perceptions of the most severely affected residents.

Disciplining the Aborting Woman: Social Work and Changing Discourses of Race, Class and Reproduction in 1950s Australia

In this article Barbara Baird examines in detail a report on women suffering post-abortion complications who were admitted to a large public hospital in Australia in 1956. The 1950s were a period of massive population growth in Australia, fuelled significantly by migration, when the whiteness of an Anglo-dominated population and culture was put under stress by non-Anglo European migrants and by new discourses of racial assimilation. Examination of the report, written by a member of the hospital’s social work department, enables consideration of the place of women having abortions in the changing social and discursive environments of post-war Australia. Baird reads the report as an early sign of an increase in the surveillance and regulation of women having abortions in a period when reform of the criminal law relating to abortion was still a decade away. She argues that understanding the logic of the report depends on consideration of the racialised meanings of changing discourses of reproduction and femininity.

The Demographics of the School-Age Population

An appreciation of contemporary demography and impending shifts within it are needed for the efficient and equitable allocation of the limited resources available for education in Australia. The school-age population of Australia is increasing at substantially lower rates than the population as a whole. The paper examines recent trends in population growth in Australia from the perspective of their effects on the school-age population. Projected trends in population growth and age structure over the next two decades indicate that the school-age population at most will be stable and probably will decline. Shifts in levels of participation in the later years of secondary schooling are also examined. The paper then examines how the composition of the school-age population is changing and notes increasing levels of diversity and inequality. Finally some observations are made on policy influences on the future school-age population of Australia.

Book Reviews : POPULATE AND PERISH?: THE STRESSES OF POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA. Edited by R. Birrell, D. Hill, and J. Nevill. Melbourne, Fontana and Australian Conservation Foundation, 1984. 363 pp. $8.95 (paper)

Book Reviews : POPULATE AND PERISH?: THE STRESSES OF POPULATION GROWTH IN AUSTRALIA. Edited by R. Birrell, D. Hill, and J. Nevill. Melbourne, Fontana and Australian Conservation Foundation, 1984. 363 pp. $8.95 (paper)

A cohort approach to the study of population growth in Australia

The patterns of growth of various components in the populations of selected cohorts in Australia are compared with the corresponding information for selected calendar years. The use of three-dimensional diagrams demonstrates essential differences between the age structures for cohorts and those for the entire population and shows the way in which the two can be related.This study indicates that tracing of persons through their lifetimes in this way can lead to a greater understanding of trends in calendar year populations, as well as providing a closer link between the historical viewpoint and statistical analysis. This approach is of particular importance in Australia where the pattern and timing of demographic events have produced interesting differences between trends in cohort age structures and calendar year populations.

The growth of the Australian Population with particular reference to the period since 1947

Abstract This is designed as the first of two articles dealing with population growth in Australia. Over the last i o years or so the rate of growth has consistently exceeded 3% and in two years exceeded 3%. Over half this growth has come from immigrants and their Australian-born children and this forms the subject of this first article. A high proportion of these immigrants have been assisted to come to Australia and their economic absorption has been greatly facilitated by the lack of increase in the non-immigrant work-force as a result of the low fertility of the pre-war years. Even with immigration the nation's work force has not been increasing as rapidly as the total population. The converse of this situation will soon begin to apply because of the high birth rates prevailing since 1943, and this demographic factor is likely to raise new difficulties in the attainment of the currently accepted annual immigration “target” of 1% of the population.

The Role of Immigrants in Population Growth in Australia

The Role of Immigrants in Population Growth in Australia