Popular Idea Research Articles

Between formal and informal standards.

This article presents results from an explorative comparative study on ‘double standard’ constellations in French, German and (Brazilian) Portuguese. The concept of 'double' or even ‘multiple standards’ is based on the observation that many current standard languages are not homogeneous. Rather, the divergence of written and spoken standards, the emergence of informal standards and pluricentric/pluriareal situations have often resulted in the coexistence of different standard varieties/standard language registers. The aim of our study is to identify and discuss ‘double standard’ situations in three major languages against the background of the respective standardisation histories and current developments. Despite their different standardisation ages, ‘double standard’ constellations have emerged in all three languages, firstly, between written and spoken standard varieties, and, secondly, between different spoken registers – albeit with very different manifestations, ranging from a continuum between formal and informal registers (French) and the emergence of a ‘Neo-standard’ (with regional features) parallel to a conservative spoken standard (German) to the increasing integration of informal registers into a post-colonial standard variety (Portuguese in Brazil). In all three cases, the developments in the spoken standard can be seen as a process of demotisation. Although informal registers have become increasingly prevalent, the popular idea of a ‘best language’ remains unchallenged.

Non‐ideal epistemic rationality

AbstractI develop a broadly reliabilist theory of non‐ideal epistemic rationality and argue that if it is correct we should reject the recently popular idea that the standards of non‐ideal epistemic rationality are mere social conventions.

Strategic Steps To Make Effective National Energy Conservation Movement

The aim of this research is energy conservation as a pillar of national energy management which has not received adequate attention in Indonesia. The method used in this writing is qualitative descriptive. This method is used to describe the facts in the field. The results achieved in this research are the increasingly popular idea of ??using energy economically as a "smart way of living". The clearest indicator of the work carried out by the energy conservation center and other elements of society is Japan's success in positioning itself as the country with the best energy usage productivity in the world and maintaining this position over the period until now. The conclusion of the results obtained is the acceleration of the formation of an energy saving culture by involving all elements of society with a religious and sociocultural approach.

Reassessing Antimicrobial Strategies: Antibiotics Outperform Nanoparticles in Controlling Bacterial Growth

The purpose of this work was to investigate the possibility of using genetically modified E. coli as a platform for the large-scale production of metal nanoparticles (NPs) with particular morphological characteristics. Our findings defied the popular idea that nanomaterials always work better than traditional antibiotics by showing that antibiotics were more successful than nanoparticles at stopping the development of germs. Azithromycin, in particular, showed notable inhibitory zones in comparison to Ag-silver and silver nanoparticles. These results highlight the necessity of critically reevaluating the effectiveness of nanoparticles in antimicrobial applications and taking into account different approaches when intended results are not obtained. The demonstrated efficiency of conventional antibiotics underscores their ongoing significance.

Poetry’s “shimmering robes”

Despite the many essays that provide instructive tracing of Carl Jung’s archetypes in Romantic literature (and elsewhere), critics have declined to examine the important implications and consequences of parallels between Jung’s theory of artistic awareness and Romantic aesthetic ideology. This ideology finds expression in the language of Blake, Percy Shelley, Emerson, Coleridge, Wordsworth and others regarding artistic creativity, specifically its origins and aims, but especially the creative process itself. In this essay, I examine the way Jung samples Romantic ideas and imagery in his characterization of art and in his conception of the religious experience of the artist in the act of creation. In doing so, I suggest that attachment to popular (not always accurate) Jungian ideas about art has reinforced the continued acceptance of compelling Romantic myths about unconscious creativity. I argue that, in his essay “On the Relation of Analytical Psychology to Poetry” and other essays, as part of an effort to liberate modern conceptions of art from reliance on mechanistic views of the human mind, Jung impeaches the merits of the Freudian model tied to medical forensics and installs in its place a Romantic theory of art rooted in the idea of intuitive creativity.

Дени де Ружмон как выразитель идейных поисков французского персонализма 1930-х гг.

The article seeks to refute the popular idea in Russian-language scientific literature of French personalism as a homogeneous and monolithic movement, briefly pointing out the existence of three of its internal movements: Esprit, Ordre Nouveau and Jeune Droite. Focusing on the figure of D. de Rougemont, this study nevertheless shows the close connection between these three groups and the commonality of ideological quests. Dwelling in detail on the confessional context of the differences between Esprit and Ordre Nouveau, the author demonstrates that both groups are still united in the perception of the concept of “personality” as a spiritual imperative for a person in the 1930s (albeit not agreeing on some details of its definition) and criticism of contemporary political regimes.

V. A. Sukhomlinsky’s pedagogical heritage: innovation and foresight

Introduction. Modern education does not always meet the challenges associated with the rapid changes brought by the new millennium. The spiritual and moral crisis is becoming more and more pronounced. Relying only on “rationality” and practical expediency leads to human degradation and civilizational crisis. This underlies the unprecedented value of pedagogical systems containing certain constructive solutions to the identified problem put forward by practice. According to the general opinion of the world pedagogical community, among such systems is one created by the outstanding humanist V.A. Sukhomlinsky (1918 – 1970). Purpose: To identify and reveal the essence of the ideas and provisions of the Pavlysh innovator that have already played an invaluable role in the enrichment of the national education and will be the driving force of its development in the third millennium. Materials and Methods. The basis of the study is V.A. Sukhomlinsky’s works and the products of his rich educational practice, as well as materials from those who studied the innovator’s creative heritage. The research methodology was based on the conceptual provisions of humanistic pedagogy. The specific methodological tools included the principles of integrity and consistency, objectivity, universal connection of phenomena, combination of retrospective and prospective development, along with sociocultural and system-functional principles. In addition to general scientific methods, such as system-structural analysis and synthesis, the research process also involved formal logical research methods. Results. The study expands and concretizes the existing knowledge about the development of pedagogical theory and school practice in the second half of the 20th century. Identified and characterized are the key ideas and scientific positions of V.A. Sukhomlinsky, the prominent representative of the studied period. They were the foundation of his pedagogical system and played an important role in enriching the theoretical and methodological foundations of pedagogy, the content and support (methodological and technological) of modern educational practice and will certainly become the driving force of its development in the medium and long term. Even though V.A. Sukhomlinsky lived and worked in an ideologized epoch, difficult for creative work, he managed to develop his own pedagogical system, in which the poetic and popular idea merged with its scientific foundations. V.A. Sukhomlinsky’s pedagogy is in many respects the pedagogy of the present and the future. It is entirely aimed at the realization of the humanistic ideal. The concepts of goodness and humanity, preached by the educator, nowadays win more and more supporters. As many other provisions of the innovator concerning the construction of the educational process, they can undoubtedly become one of the cornerstones of developing the educational practice in the third millennium. Conclusion. V.A. Sukhomlinsky’s multifaceted activity not only enriched pedagogical science with new ideas and provisions, but also can rightfully be regarded as an important stage in its development. Nowadays, when the world has entered the third millennium and the pedagogical community solves the problems associated with the renewal of the content essence of all parts of education, we believe that the ideas and practical experience of the outstanding teacher will play a productive role in this process. Keywords: upbringing of a comprehensively developed personality, humanization of the pedagogical process, regental function of upbringing, system-forming factor of upbringing, unity of teaching and upbringing

RESEARCH OF INNOVATIONS IN THE BANKING SECTOR OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINE

The article reveals the peculiarities of the functioning of the domestic banking system and examines the latest innovative solutions in the banking sector of the leading countries of the world for the period from 2020 to 2024. The prerequisites for the most popular innovative solutions and ideas in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are revealed. The author analyzes the situations that have contributed to instability, including the constant interference of cybercriminals and Russia's military actions against Ukraine.
 The author systematizes the main directions of development of innovations in the global banking sector and analyzes the possibilities of implementing the most promising ones in the functioning of Ukrainian banking institutions and ensuring their financial security.
 The author presents the signs and criteria of innovation and provides examples of an innovative approach to solving issues in the internal processes of banking activities. It is determined that the main features of banking innovations are: the presence of social and economic results, reduction of banking costs, reduction of banking risks, increase in the level of liquidity of banking institutions, the presence of unique consumer properties, globalization of banking institutions and increase in labor productivity in the banking sector. The author studies the trends of transformations in the digital component of the banking sector. Innovations in customer experience and marketing innovations in the global banking sector are analyzed.
 The main directions of development of the banking sector in the context of leading banking institutions are structured, direct ideas and solutions to modern economic challenges of both global and local scales are presented. Innovations in the internal processes of banking institutions in 2020-2023 in Poland, the USA and Spain are revealed.

Theoretical study and analysis of advanced wireless sensor network techniques in Internet of Things (IoT)

Wireless sensor networks those based on the Internet of Things (IoT) have evolved fast in numerous areas in recent years. Devices and sensors may interact with each other without human involvement in the IoT network. An IoT-based system where people and things are connected by wired and wireless technology including Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), ZigBee, NFC, RFID, GPRS, LTE, and Bluetooth is now one of the most popular technical ideas. The potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) has received enormous attention from the corporate and scientific communities during the past 10 years. The IoT can provide a number of significant benefits to application spaces. Researchers may be able to show crucial facts about IoT-based smart environmental monitoring systems. IoT has faced a variety of challenges, including authentication, differentiating evidence, accessibility and security and protection. Sociotechnical trust systems have also been examined in the past in various studies (STTS). Existing smart settings are now dealing with serious IoT security, protection, and STTS challenges. Trust-the-board will be highlighted and characterized, as well as how it should be utilized in the Internet of Things. As a result, the potential benefits of data aggregation solutions that use less energy while increasing the organization's lifespan are enormous. IoT-WSN data aggregation methods and computations have been reimagined. Specifically, this article examines the writing with reference to the views of sensor systems administrators in order to preserve energy and gather data.

Emergency mitigation of drought worldwide: Qualitative descriptive design

AbstractA popular idea is that slow‐moving droughts worldwide require long‐lasting emergency mitigation. In this article, we describe our study on how human society could improve its emergency mitigation of droughts for the ultimate objective of emergency management. The research methodology involved a qualitative descriptive design. As a paradigm shift, we initially examined middle‐term emergency mitigation to regional droughts to draw the implementation of long‐term emergency mitigation to regional droughts through three stakeholders (i.e., three analytical units such as international institutions, drought‐prone nations, and drought‐resistant nations). A major finding was that the three stakeholders should transform their current middle‐term drought mitigation strategies into long‐term drought mitigation ones. Based on the effectiveness of long‐term emergency mitigation, they must address multiple alternatives to include the strategic vision, Earth's community approach, social impacts of drought, drought fund initiative, lessons from few national cases (e.g., Australia and UAE), education, and scenario‐based training and could integrate droughts with other issues. It is advised that in the future, researchers will expand their study to encompass all nations worldwide.

Arts-based methods as a critical and decolonising process in global mental health: Reflections on popular discourse, artistic rigour and limitations.

Due to masculine expectations and cultural perceptions, Luo and Busoga men, in their respective countries of Kenya and Uganda, can experience a range of mental health conditions which can lead to violent and problematic behaviours. Over an 18 month period in 2022/23, Masculinities and Mental Health used bottom-up, culturally responsive, arts and health workshops to seek to understand the cultural causes of stress and depression reported by men in Luo and Busoga cultures. The project included a two month arts-based residency in Osiri village, Kisumu County (Kenya) and a four week residency in Walukuba, Jinja (Uganda) working with groups of men to explore definitions of mental health via arts-based research methodologies. This article will present examples from the research whilst critically interrogating the possibilities of arts-based research contributing to an ongoing process of decolonising mental health practices in East Africa. The paper is focused on three dilemmas and learnings that occurred during the project; balancing the relationship between popular and progressive ideas in health care research, the complications of developing the 'art' in arts-based research and the inherent limitations of arts-based research in developing impact. I argue that arts-based research can effectively contribute to wider efforts of decolonising mental health by enabling participatory spaces to explore indigenous knowledge and lived experience. However, such efforts could be advanced if arts-based research engaged with systemic structures which enforce Global North practices and ignore culturally specific understandings of mental health.

Peeling back the artichoke leaves: symbolism and origin stories in Jewish-Roman Cuisine

ABSTRACT Jewish-Roman cuisine, the traditional food of one of Europe’s longest-standing Jewish communities, is among Italy’s most distinctive hyper-local repertoires. Gastronomes increasingly acknowledge the importance of Jewish foodways for Italian cuisine, but a few famous “signature dishes” often dominate popular ideas of Jewish food in Italy. In Rome, carciofi alla giudìa – deep-fried “Jewish-style” artichokes – have long been used to symbolize the diverse and complex Jewish-Roman tradition. Blending ethnographic methods with discourse analysis, I ask how and why carciofi alla giudìa occupy this role, and what this means for contemporary Jewish-Roman identity. I then examine a selection of “origin stories” behind other dishes in the Jewish-Roman tradition, arguing that going beyond the near-ubiquitous artichoke can complicate and enrich our understanding of Jewish-Roman history, culture, and identity. Rather than attempting to prove or disprove these stories, I analyze them as tools for self-fashioning. I identify a variety of characteristics that these narratives are used to communicate: including ancient roots; resilience and resourcefulness; and an openness to new arrivals and external influences. Finally, I interrogate the relationship between the Jewish-Roman tradition and the city’s cuisine at large, arguing that this too has important repercussions for Roman and Jewish-Roman self-perception and identity.

Indonesian Value Education Strategy Through History Learning with Local Hero Theme

Textually speaking, this study aims to enhance Indonesian values through teaching history on the theme of local heroes. Heroes are usually associated with local principles, traditions, and cultures. Building and preserving local identity and pride was greatly helped by local heroes. Their contribution is in accordance with the needs and characteristics of the community. This research was conducted qualitatively and using literary studies. The results of the research suggest that, firstly, the understanding of local heroes must be relevant to classroom history teaching from a philosophical and pedagogical point of view; secondly, fears or apriori about the emergence of primordialism or ethnosentrism in local history education must be eliminated; and thirdly, educators and historians, not students, must create popular ideas like a local hero.

Evolution of Human Cooperation: An Archaeological Approach Focusing on Hunter-Gather Society

The history and development of cooperation between people is a major topic in many areas. The most popular ideas about how cooperation started are cultural group selection and the idea of charity. Scientists have different responses to them, though. People have evolved and survived in many places over a very long time, so they must have left behind a lot of proof. This paper looks into the main reasons why people work together and how cooperation has evolved by collecting historical samples and ethnic records and analysing them along with other research. The poll results show that the main reason people work together is to get what they want. To stay alive in natural settings that are very complicated, people work together to build trust and reputation systems. The creation of ways to respond to different cultures and punish people who don't follow the rules has helped to keep socialised systems of cooperation that were formed when cultures clashed or mixed. Cooperation is something that everyone does, but different places have their own religious beliefs and cultural practices that shape how people work together. A lot of different things affect how cooperative people are, and it's hard to come up with a good theoretical model just from the studies that have been done so far.

Russia – the “True Europe” or a “Unique Civilization”?: Towards a Genealogy of two Post-Soviet Ideas

ABSTRACT “Russia as the true Europe” has become a popular idea in Russian political discourse and ideology production. However, it conflicts with another dominant commonplace idea: “Russia as non-Western” or “Russia as a unique, distinct civilization.” Yet “Russia as the true Europe” is an idea that has circulated frequently, especially since the conservative turn of the Putin regime from 2012 onwards. Here, Russia is represented as the defender of “true Christian values,” whereas the West has gradually abandoned this common ground. One key political thinker who has been instrumental in disseminating such ideas in post-Soviet Russia is Natal´ja Naročnickaja, who has developed this argument referring to classical Slavophile writings of the mid-nineteenth century. Slavophilism is a movement known for postulating a firm antithesis – a civilizational divide – between Russia and the West, but they also understood this conflict as having emerged historically. This article explores the genealogy of the idea of “Russia as the true Europe” by analysing the writings of Ivan Kireevskij and Aleksej Chomjakov. By implication, it makes also a contribution to the history of “Russia as a unique civilization,” since it shows that there exists a tension in classical Slavophilism itself in seeing Russia both as Europe and non-Europe. Moreover, it demonstrates that despite apparent similarities between Slavophile thought and contemporary ideas there are significant discontinuities between them.

Over the barriers: the transformation of linguistic stereotypes in the multicultural environment of the Western Region and neighboring regions in the 1920s – 1930s

The article is devoted to the analysis of the linguistic situation on the ethnocultural borderland, which in the 1920s and 1930s turned out to be the territory of the Smolensk Province and (since 1929) the Western Region of the USSR, which included territories that previously belonged to the Smolensk, Bryansk, Kaluga and Tver provinces. This region, bordering Belarus to the west, has always been distinguished by a variety of ethnic, confessional and cultural traditions. The article examines the ethnic and language stereotypes that existed in the Russian-Belarusian-Polish environment, their transformation under the influence of state policies (change of administrative borders, processes of Russification, Belarusization); the situation with the Yiddish language that developed in the western parts of Smolensk region and in eastern Belarus deserves special attention. For the population of the border regions, language is the most important ethnocultural marker and a way of (self)identification, which is reflected in popular ideas about the different status of different languages, in the choice of the language of communication and education, in interlanguage interaction (lexical borrowings). In the chronological period under consideration, the self-reflection by various groups, expressed in the form of statements and narratives about their own and the “others” language, became the object of attention of Communist party and state security organizations, which was reflected in the secret documents of the relevant institutions and organizations. The article is based on materials from the State Archive of the Smolensk Region and the State Archive of the Modern History of the Smolensk Region, reflecting various aspects of linguistic, ethnic and confessional interaction between representatives of various ethnocultural traditions in the territory of the Smolensk Province and the Western region of the USSR.

In Defence of (Over)Thinking

Abstract‘You are overthinking that!’ The article argues against the popular idea that too much of the activity of thinking is bad for individuals. Wrong thinking, I argue, is what is bad or unhealthy, irrespective of the length of time it is done for. Wrong thinking can lead to worrying, stress, and impedes practical action. But if thinking is done right, then you can't have too much of it.

Vliv vzdělávacích programů na postoje žáků k antice a jejímu zastoupení v populární kultuře

Can educational programs have an effect on pupils’ attitudes towards the given topic? An experiment on this topic was conducted among elementary school pupils. This experiment had two phases, in June 2022 students were approached with filling out a questionnaire, the research group first attended an educational program on daily life in ancient Rome. The other half, who did not attend the programme, served as a control group. The questionnaire explored pupils’ attitudes towards antiquity, the perceived meaning of archaeology and its connection to modern history, the representation of antiquity in popular culture and stereotypical ideas about it. The research group also evaluated the educational programme and the benefits of excursions in general. In the second phase (November 2022), pupils in both groups completed a questionnaire aimed solely on pupils’ attitudes towards antiquity. The results of the two groups were then analyzed and compared. A surprising finding for the researchers was that the control group showed a slightly more positive attitude towards antiquity and its importance during both June and November measurements, which may be due to several factors such as the topics discussed in class at that time, the teachers’ teaching methods, and other activities in which the pupils participated that were not controlled during the experiment. There was no positive effect of the educational programme on the consumption of media with the theme of the ancient world (books, films, games, etc.). A slight difference can be seen in the perception of the meaning of archaeology, where the research group is more likely to be inclined towards understanding technology and inventions. One can speculate whether direct contact with replicas of archaeological objects is reflected here. A more significant difference between the control and research groups lies, for example, in the knowledge test.

ИКОНОПИСЬ КАК (НЕ)КАНОНИЧЕСКОЕ ИСКУССТВО: "ЦЕНЗУРА КОЛЛЕКТИВА" ИЛИ "КАНОН"

The author analyses the popular idea of Byzantine and Russian medieval iconography as a “canonical” art that used to be “canonical”, traditional, rarely subject to change, based on clear visual patterns and authoritative texts, clearly reflecting the Orthodox dogma. Such views are widespread in modern culture and mass media. They circulate not only in popular science, but also in the research literature. The article shows that the concept of “canonicity” in relation to iconography is constructed according to various criteria and the term itself appears to be vague and of little operational. The author focuses on various definitions of the “canon” that are found in scientific, popular literature and on the Internet. In conclusion, it is stated that iconography is a visual language, that is better analyzed with the help of terms used in folkloristic studies – variability, plasticity, ‘censorship of the group’. Having a wide arsenal of traditional (preserved and reproduced in a particular tradition) elements – visual methods, iconographic themes, motifs, figures and signs – and having no prescribed rules and regulations, the iconographic story used to be built and structured in different ways, modernized and varied. All that brings iconography and folklore together and provides new approaches to the analysis of the visual language of Christian art.

3D Printed Prostheses: The Path from Hype to Reality.

3D printing has an over forty-year history but has only become popular in the last fifteen years with the expiration of restrictive patents which allowed open access and unfettered innovation by a broad range of technology developers. During the last decade interest in prostheses made by 3D printing has grown in popularity. The interest in devices has followed the Gartner Hype Cycle as 3D printing companies and associated organizations have used popular claims about 3D printed prostheses to increase their own company's popularity. These claims created unrealistic expectations which outran the early-stage limitations of the technology, causing disillusion. Currently, the industry is moving beyond these limitations and the field seems to be advancing at a sustainable rate. This article provides an understanding of the history of popular misconceptions surrounding the technology. It provides a basis for separating the myth from reality in 3D printing technology so the reader can question the popular preconceived ideas and find the real value. With a greater understanding of the past, one can apply lessons to present technology use and guide the direction of future 3D printing. This paper will also discuss lessons applicable to both high and low-income countries along with providing recommendations for the future development.