Pomegranate Punica Granatum Research Articles

Factors influencing the seasonal fluctuations of two insect pests of pomegranate Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) under oasis ecosystem in Tunisia

Factors influencing the seasonal fluctuations of two insect pests of pomegranate Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) under oasis ecosystem in Tunisia

Integrated Control of Some Fungal Diseases Affecting Guava and Pomegranate from Farm to Fork in Egypt

These studies aim to identify a group of pathogens and design an integrated control program reducing the infection in Guava Psidium guajava and Pomegranate Punica granatum by cross inoculation method. Almost eight fungi were collected from governorate Ismaelia and Behera in 2019. Alternaria alternate, Fusarium spp, Phomopsis psidii, Macrophomina spp., Cercospora spp. Botrytis cineria and Pestalotia spp. were the most frequencies isolated fungi on all fruits. In the second season 2020 we treated trees with biocides, fungicides and fertilizer they gave significant differences between the treated treatments and control .The bluegreen algae bio treatment, showed the best results compared with both of RizoN and Plantagaurd treatments, the percentage of disease severity on the leaves was 13.4%, compared to the control45%, the best chemical treatment was Fungalpro, Topsin and Collise, where the disease severity was 0% in case of guava ,the same results obtained in pomegranate .At the end of the season, the best results were in the treatment with fungalpro which gave the least disease severity percentage on each of the leaves, branches and fruits in both guava and pomegranate .In the third season 2022 we applied integrated control program there were a significant decrease in pathogenic fungi in leaves, branches, flowers and ripe fruits, as the population at the end of the season for some fungi reached zero, such as Phomopsis sp. and Pestalotia sp. As Alternaria fungus, the results showed significant differences compared with the control, with regard to Guava, the percentage of disease severity in fruits was 8.75% and 9.75% in both Ismailia and South of Tahrir, respectively, compared to the control, which reached 85.5% and 88.5% in Ismailia and South of Tahrir, respectively. The results for pomegranate followed the same pattern.

Effect of Media Type and Cytokinines on Micropropagation of Two Cultivars of Pomegranate Punica granatum L

Present study was done to describe micropropagation protocol of Pomegranate (granatum Punica L) for two cultivar (Yamani and Wonderful), by testing their tolerance to sterilization duration with sodium hypochlorite solution at 1%, and investigation of suitability of of two media murashige and skoog (MS) and woody plant medium (WPM) during establishment stage in addition study the role of four type of Cytokinines BA (benzyl adenine), 2iP (isopentyl adenine), Kinetin(6-furfury lamino Purine) and TDZ (Thidiazuron) at different concentrations for two cultivars in multiplication stage and investigation of two type of Auxin NAA and IBA for rooting stage. the results appeared that sterilization at 10 min with sodium hypochlorite at 1% reduce contamination percentage to 6.2% and increased survival to 93.8%, the result proved WPM media was better than MS in increase shoot number, shoot length and leaf number was 1.17 shoot per explant, 5.02cm and 6.60 leaf per explant respectively. in the other way Yamani cultivar gave maximum value in comparison with wonderful for same characteristics. concerning the multiplication stage at 0.5 mg.l-1 BA achieved highest value of shoot number and leaf number (2.89 and 5) per explant respectively. while Kin gave best value of shoot length 4.12cm. moreover BA and 2iP at 1mg.l-1, Kin at 5mg.l-1 and TDZ at1mg.l-1 achieved maximum values of same characteristics mentioned above. Auxins NAA (Naphthaleneacetic acid) and IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) at 1mg.l-1 achieved highest root number was (4 and 3.17) per explant respectively.

The beneficial effects of pomegranate Punica granatum L. consumption on human health: a review

The beneficial effects of pomegranate Punica granatum L. consumption on human health: a review

Pomegranate Punica granatum peel waste as a naked-eye natural colorimetric sensor for the detection and determination of Fe+3 and I− ions in water

The utilization of renewable and abundant agricultural waste such as Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract has been developed wherein a simple extraction of dried peel in water offered a natural sensor; ensuing yellowish solution comprising phenolic compounds reacted explicitly to detect Fe+3 and I− solutions by naked-eye. The UV–Vis absorption spectrum of the resulting extracted mixture was drastically changed toward the longer wavelengths only after the addition of the Fe3+ and I− while there was no discernible spectral change due to the addition of a broad range of other common cations and anions. In the case of Fe3+ and I−, the transformation can be followed by the naked eye in the concentration range of 5 × 10−4 M and 1 × 10−2 M, respectively. An acceptable and reasonable detection with 47.05426 μM efficiency was attained in comparison to other Fe3+ indicators such as ferroin.

Antiparasitic Efficacy of Crude Plant Extracts and Compounds Purified from Plants against the Fish Monogenean Neobenedenia girellae.

Neobenedenia girellae is a pathogenic ectoparasite of many marine fishes, and it causes major epidemics in marine aquaculture. In this study, the efficacy of ethanol extracts of huangqi Astragalus membranaceus (known as milkvetch in North America), guanzhong Dryopteris setosa (known as beaded wood fern in North America), gancao Glycyrrhiza uralensis (known as Chinese licorice in North America), danshen Salvia miltiorrhiza (known as red sage in North America), and pomegranate Punica granatum, as well as seven phytochemicals (10-gingerol, curcumin, cynatratoside-C, emodin, kuwanon-G, kuwanon-O, and sophoraflavanone-G), against adult N. girellae was investigated. In vitro results indicated that pomegranate extract killed all adult N. girellae at a 62.5-mg/L concentration with an 8-h exposure, but gancao extract did not cause 100% mortality until a 1,000-mg/L concentration was used. Additionally, all adult N. girellae died after an 8-h exposure to cynatratoside-C, kuwanon-G, kuwanon-O, or sophoraflavanone-G at a concentration of 125mg/L. Curcumin, emodin, and 10-gingerol at a concentration of 1,000mg/L did not kill all parasites after an 8-h exposure. These findings demonstrate that plant extracts and active phytochemicals are potential sources of botanical drugs for controlling N. girellae infection in aquaculture.

Control agents on the quality of Africanized honeybee queens

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, used in large field crops, and of the pomegranate Punica granatum aqueous extract, with insecticidal potential for insect control, on the quality of Africanized Apis mellifera queens. The control sample was composed of sterile distilled water with Tween®. The treatments were incorporated into a voile fabric, covered with an acrylic plate and packed with queen rearing nucleus hive, so the worker bees could be in contact with control agents (B. bassiana and P. granatum). In the next day, frames with 30 cell cups for queen rearing with larvae were introduced to produce queens, which were monitored at moment of emergency. Measurements included live weight, wing size, abdomen size, thorax size, the time of emergence, and analysis of the breeding area size. Histological analyses of the hypopharyngeal glands of attendant worker bees and of the midgut of virgin queens were performed. There was no reduction in the weight of queens, no changes in the length, width, and height of their thoraxes, no changes in the width and length of the wing, and no changes in total length. However, B. bassiana increased the weight of the queens and reduced emergency time. The control agents did not interfere in villi height and breeding area. No differences were found in tissues when the treatments were compared with their control. P. granatum extract and the fungus B. bassiana did not interfere in the quality of Africanized A. mellifera queens.

Identification and description of Fruit fly species associated with different hosts in some Tripoli Fruit Orchards

The present field study was carried out to identify fruit fly species in Tripoli fruit orchards during 2016 – 2017 seasons by using fruit rearing method. Five hosts were examined in this study namely Guava Psidium guajava L. , Pear Pyrus communis، , Plum Prunus cerasifera, pomegranate Punica granatum and Peach Prunus persica The results revealed that three species of fruit flies that belong to family Tephritidae were identified; the Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zontana (Saunders) and the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemaan), which were found in all fruit trees examined, and Bactrocera sp.that was recorded for the first time on Guava in the area. The fourth fruit fly species recorded was the African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta) in pomegranate and Guava fruits.

Molecular diversity and genetic relationships among Sri Lankan pomegranate Punica granatum landraces assessed with inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) regions

Pomegranate Punica granatum was first introduced to Sri Lanka, possibly through ancient trade routes, thousands of years ago. However, there is no information about the diversity of the pomegranate germplasm in the country, which is important both for breeding new varieties and for conservation efforts. We used inter‐simple sequence repeat (ISSR) regions to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of pomegranate on the island of Sri Lanka. Hundred and twenty accessions representing seven populations from all pomegranate growing regions of the country were analyzed using 20 ISSR primers. A total of 107 loci were amplified with an average polymorphism information content of 0.3. While the average inter‐population genetic distance was 0.141, it was 0.149 between populations, indicating moderate genetic diversity both within and among populations. Analysis of molecular variance and Nei's genetic diversity revealed higher genetic variation within populations than among populations, and low genetic differentiation (GST) in pair‐wise comparison of populations also suggested limited population differentiation. A considerable level of among‐population gene flow (Nm) was indicated, irrespective of geographical structure and distances. The results of cluster analysis was also in agreement with above analysis and suggest human mediated gene flow and migration patterns. Cluster analysis revealed two main population clusters with several sub‐clusters. While these clusters did not show any correlation with geography, all red peeled accessions clustered into a small sub‐cluster. The results indicate that analysis of ISSR variability is sufficiently informative and powerful to assess the genetic diversity of P. granatum landraces in Sri Lanka.

Management of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on tomato by dry crushed pomegranate Punica granatum L. peels as a bio-fumigant in Egypt

Dry crushed pomegranate peels, Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae), were incorporated into the soil as a bio-fumigant at three different rates, i.e. 3.0, 6.0 and 12.0 g/pot, 14 days before transplanting tomato cv. Super Strain B. Also, 6.0 g of crushed peels was mixed with the soil at three different intervals times as follows: at transplanting time, 7 and 14 days before the transplanting process for controlling the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, under greenhouse conditions 30 ± 5 °C in Egypt. Results revealed that adding different rates of dry crushed pomegranate peels significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected the nematode parameters. The higher rate of peels residue attained higher percentage of nematode reduction. Using a moderate rate (6.0 g/pot) of crushed pomegranate peels decreased nematode criteria based on the intervals times at which the peels were added before transplanting. A negative relationship was found between the time of the tested substance addition and the percentage of nematode reduction. In addition, tomato growth parameters improved according to the evaluated rates and the times at which the peels were added.

Effect of Spraying by Chelated Boron and Potassium on physical and chemical characteristics of two pomegranate Punica granatum L Cultivars .

The pomegranate trees Laffan and France cultivars were sprayed with chelated Boron and Potassium with ( 0,2.5,5 g/L K2O and 200,400 mg/L B) concentration. The spraying with Boron in 400 mg/L and Potassium with 5 g/L were significantly increased the fruits set percentage, yield, physical and chemical characteristics of two cultivars under study (The fruit set was 68.94% and 75.58 % respectively) while reduced in control to 54.95 % .The average of tree yield was (45.74 kg and 72.81 kg) and in the control was 18.59 kg. The fruit fresh weight was duplicate in this treatments, fruits content of total soluble solids was (16.82% ), total sugars was 8.68% total acidity reduced to 0.88% when in the control was (9.55%,4.9% and 1.2% ) respectively.

Effect of a Mixed Herb—Enriched Diet on the Innate Immune Response and Disease Resistance of Paralichthys olivaceus against Philasterides dicentrarchi Infection

We investigated the effect of a mixed herb-enriched diet obtained from pomegranate Punica granatum, Dalmatian chrysanthemum Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, and mastic-leaved prickly-ash Zanthoxylum schinifolium on innate immune mechanisms (e.g., phagocytosis activity, respiratory burst activity, alternative complement activity, lysozyme activity, and disease resistance) of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus against the scuticociliate Philasterides dicentrarchi. All experimental groups were challenged with P. dicentrarchi (1 x 10(5) ciliates/mL) through intraperitoneal administration of the pathogen (50 microL) on day 1. On day 7, the infected groups were fed 0, 5, 50, and 100 mg/kg of the enriched diets. The innate immune parameters, cumulative mortality, and relative percent survival (RPS) were assessed at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. Administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg of the herbal-enriched diet enhanced immunity throughout the experimental period. However, at the 5-mg/kg dosage, the enriched diet did not enhance the innate immune estimates at any time. At doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, administration of the diet preceding the challenge with P. dicentrarchi decreased the percentage cumulative mortality in the experimental groups and thereby increased RPS values. This study reports that administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg mixed herbal-enriched diet could positively influence the innate immune response to P. dicentrarchi and enhance the health status of olive flounder with respect to this microbe.

Use of Asiatic Pennywort Centella asiatica Aqueous Extract as a Bath Treatment to Control Columnaris in Nile Tilapia

To develop antibiotic-free and chemical-free aquaculture, it is necessary to have natural substances to control diseases of aquatic animals. The aim of this study was to find an herb having therapeutic effect against columnaris, a fish disease caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium columnare. Of all tested herbs (including kalmegh Andrographis paniculata, candle bush Cassia alata, Asiatic pennywort Centella asiatica, mangosteen Garcinia mangostana, pomegranate Punica granatum, and guava Psidium guajava), the aqueous extract of Asiatic pennywort exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity against F. columnare; the minimal inhibitory concentration was 31.25 lg/mL. It was also found to have a bactericidal effect on F. columnare. When experimental bath exposures of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus to F. columnare were performed, the median lethal dose was determined to be 2.37 x 10(5) colony forming units/mL. For in vivo trials, six different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg/L) of Asiatic pennywort aqueous extract were used as bath treatments to control experimentally induced columnaris in Nile tilapia. The decrease in fish mortality was dose dependent, and at a concentration of 100 mg/L no mortality or adverse effects were noted in the infected fish. This study suggests that Asiatic pennywort aqueous extract has the potential to control disease caused by F. columnare.

Investigation of a betainic alkaloid from Punica granatum

Spectroscopic investigations reveal that a hydroquinone pyridinium alkaloid isolated from the leaves of pomegranates Punica granatum L. (X-ray) exists as a mixture of a conjugated and a cross-conjugated heterocyclic mesomeric betaine in aqueous and DMSO-d6 solution. Twofold deprotonation yields an anionic tripole.