Polyvinyl Alcohol Films Research Articles

High-Performance Organic Field-Effect Transistors and Inverters with Good Flexibility and Low Operating Voltage.

Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) with good flexibility and low operating voltage, are of great meaning for the low power stretchable and wearable electronic devices. The operating voltage and flexibility are easily affected by the dielectric layers in the OFETs. Bilayer dielectrics comprising both high- and low-permittivity (k) insulating polymers, have been reported. The flexible bilayer dielectrics can combine the advantages of both insulating polymers, which are high charge carriers from low-k polymers and low operating voltage from high-k polymers. However, the effect of film thicknesses in the bilayer dielectrics on the OFET performance is seldom investigated. Here, bilayer dielectrics comprising high-k polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and low-k polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) were fabricated. And PVA/PMMA bilayers with three different PVA film thicknesses are carefully investigated. The 300 nm PVA/100 nm PMMA bilayer dielectric makes the pentacene OFETs show the highest hole mobility of 1.24 cm2V-1s-1 and the corresponding inverters give a high voltage gain of 40 and a noise margin of 2.3 V (77% of 1/2 VDD) at low operating voltage of 6 V. Both the pentacene transistors and the inverters still work properly under bending radium of 5.85 mm, proving the good prospects of the PVA/PMMA bilayer dielectric in practical applications.

The effect of NaY‐zeolite on mechanical, thermal, and spectroscopic behavior of crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol films

AbstractThe effects of sodium y zeolite (NaY‐zeolite) on crosslinked Polyvinyl alcohol (CrPVA) composite films were investigated. The spectroscopic analysis showed that crosslinks were formed between PVA, Tartaric acid (TA), and NaY‐zeolite particles. The thermal stability of the CrPVA film was improved with the addition of zeolite. Optimum thermal stability was observed for 5 wt % zeolite content. It can be seen that the mechanical properties also improved for 5 wt % zeolite‐doped CrPVA composite films when compared with CrPVA. It was observed that Young's modulus increased 54.14 to 74.49 MPa. While the degree of crystallinity of the composite film decreased from 20.42 to 14.77% due to zeolite content. This is thought to be due to the increase in the structure's crosslinking rate. The utilization of TA and NaY zeolite in membrane applications may be considered an advantage for improving the mechanical characteristics and the recyclability of membrane technology.

The addition of Bi2WO6 nanoparticles to polyvinyl alcohol film: Improvements in optical, mechanical, and electrical properties

This study deals with the influence of adding Bi2WO6 (BWO) nanoparticles on the optical, structural, dielectric, and mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). BWO nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal method were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS). The thick film nanocomposites were analyzed by Fourier Transformed Infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, XRD device, SEM, atomic force microscope (AFM), ultraviolet visible (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer, impedance analyzer, and tensile test machine. While FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of composite structure and the presence of BWO in the composites, AFM views indicated the reduced roughness for composites. Additionally, the UV–Vis light absorption spectra revealed a narrowed band gap in the composites. Moreover, with increasing BWO contribution, gradual increases were recorded in Young's modulus, toughness and % breaking strain parameters. The frequency dependent dielectric properties was also shown that the energy storage ability of the PVA matrix enhances 25 % and 50 % due to 2 % and 3 % BWO additives, respectively. However, the composite with higher ε′ and lower ε″ values than the pure PVA in the entire frequency range was the 2 % BWO-doped nanocomposite. Based on the serious and simultaneously improvements in electrical, optical and mechanical properties, it can be suggested that 2 % BWO additive provides the opportunity to expand the application area of PVA synergistically.

Diode Laser Irradiation Effects on Physical Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nano Fillers Doped Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

Study effect of diode laser (wavelength 650 nm) irradiation for different irradiant times (0.25, 0.5, 1.00, 3.00, and 4.00 hrs) on the physical properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) possess particle size of 15.7 nm doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were experimentally investigated. The solution casting process has been utilized to create as-prepared TiO2/PVA nanocomposite films. Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy investigates the samples' optical characteristics by analyzing optical absorption spectra in a wavelength range of (200 - 900 nm) at room temperature (RT) of 300 K. The PVA matrix could be used to describe the influence. All optical constants produced artificially through laser radiation, like absorption, refraction index, extinction coefficient and complex dielectric constants, have decreased with increasing radiation times. On the contrary of optical energy gap they increased with increasing radiation times, according to the study's findings. TiO2 Nanoparticles (NPs) additions significantly impacted the PVA host's optical characteristics. When FTIR-spectrum regarding the TiO2/PVA nanocomposite films was examined in various ratios of irradiation times, the peak positions or bonds did not change; instead, they became smaller or larger as the irradiation time increased.

Effect of Morphology and Concentration of CeO2 Nanoceria on the Thermal Stability of Polyvinyl Alcohol Films

Objective: To determine the thermal stability of polyvinyl alcohol films under different concentrations of CeO2 nanoceria. Method: Cerium Oxide doped polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nano-composites were synthesized by the traditional solution casting method for various concentrations of nano CeO2 by solution combustion method. The thermal properties of prepared PVA-2.5 wt% CeO2, PVA-7.5 wt% CeO2 , PVA-12.5 wt% CeO2, and PVA-25 wt% CeO2 composite films were elucidated by using techniques such as Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetry analysis and Differential Thermal analysis. Findings: The glass transition temperature of the pure PVA is found to be 114°C, whereas it varies between 110°C-120°C for composite films. The melting temperature of the composite films is the same as that of pure PVA except in the case of 7.5wt% CeO2 and 25wt% CeO2 composites. The reduced melting point of these composites elicits a decrease in crystallinity. A 12.5 wt % and 25 wt% CeO2-PVA nano-composite films exhibit an increase in the final degradation temperature, a high specific heat capacity, low mass loss, and a larger residual weight, indicating their potential applicability in thermal coating and thermal sensing applications. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films are being used routinely as a dielectric layer for electrical applications due to the good physiochemical and dialectic properties of the material. An incorporation of CeO2 nanoceria improves not only the thermal but also the mechanical properties of PVA and extends its application for electrical and optical operation. Here in the present study, different concentrations of CeO2 were incorporated with the PVA and analysed for the thermal properties. The study showed that 12.5 wt % and 25 wt% CeO2-PVA nano-composite enhanced PVA film thermal stability. Keywords: PVA-CeO2 Nanocomposites; Differential Scanning Calorimetry; Thermogravimetry Analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis; Physical properties and thermal properties

Design of low-cost humidity sensor based on chipless RFID

It is of great significance to design a low-cost chipless radio frequency identification(RFID) sensor for environmental humidity monitoring. To this end, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is used as a humidity sensitive material, and the overall size of the rectangular substrate is 18 mm × 18 mm ×0.5 mm. Through the humidity sensing principle and simulation analysis, the change of environmental humidity causes the change of the dielectric constant of the humidity sensitive material PVA, which in turn affects the resonant frequency offset of the entire sensor. The simulation results show that the relative humidity working range of the designed humidity sensor is 21.9% ∼ 52.5%, the corresponding sensor resonant frequency range is 2.76 ∼ 2.51GHz, the total offset reaches 250 MHz, and the average sensitivity at the maximum relative humidity is 23.08MHz/% . The designed humidity sensor has the advantages of miniaturization, simple structure and low cost, and can be used for humidity monitoring in various target environments. Keywords.low cost; chipless RFID humidity sensor; polyvinyl alcohol; humidity monitoring; humidity sensitive material.

Enhancing mechanical performance of hydroxyapatite-based bone implants via citric acid post-processing in binder jetting additive manufacturing

Binder jetting is a promising technology in the additive manufacturing of bone implants, particularly for printing brittle bioceramics that are susceptible to thermal residual stresses. However, challenges in this field include low strength and undesirable size changes due to post-sintering treatments, as well as the absence of necessary organic matter like Glycosaminoglycans, citric acid, etc. To address these issues, a novel approach was introduced using citric acid (CA) as a post-processing agent to enhance the mechanical performance of green samples and add organic matter, with boric acid (BA) as a control. A hydroxyapatite (HA) based powder mixed with 25 wt.% high-viscosity polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was prepared and printed using a self-made printer with deionized water as the binder. The post-processing effects were analyzed in terms of mechanical properties and microstructure. The application of 5 wt.% CA solution increased the thickness of the PVA film between HA particles by 320.0%, leading to an increase in compressive strength (7.37 ± 0.28 MPa) and modulus (102.81 ± 6.74 MPa) by 840.7% and 1571.3%, respectively, achieving the mechanical standards for human trabecular bone. This work presents a simple and rapid room-temperature post-processing strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of bone implants produced by binder jetting additive manufacturing.

Luminescent study of Eu(OOCC6H5)3·3(H2O) complex dispersed on polyvinyl alcohol films: Crystal structure, interaction and quenching effect

This study presents the preparation of a mononuclear complex of europium and benzoic acid and its interaction with polyvinyl alcohol films. The europium complex was prepared from europium (III) chloride hexahydrate (EuCl3 · 6H2O), and sodium benzoate (C7H5NaO2), and it was established that the ligand is attached to the metal ion through the carbonyl group anchored by bidentate interaction, obtaining a mononuclear complex powder with the formula Eu(OOCC6H5)3·3(H2O) (identified as EuBA3). First, the crystal structure solution for the complex powder was carried out, showing a monoclinic P2 space group with two molecules in the unit cell, the resulting crystal structure was deposited in the CCDC service with number 2370755. Afterward, the complex was deposited on polyvinyl alcohol films, to study the interactions between them, the morphological and luminescent properties were also evaluated. This work details the synthesis, of a complex made of europium and sodium benzoate and its luminescent properties as a complex deposited at different concentrations on polyvinyl alcohol films, the results obtained showed a shift in the excitation wavelength from the EuBA3 powder complex when incorporated into the PVA films. The concentration of the complex in the film increases until reaching a maximum followed by a decrease due to quenching.

Excellent facile fabrication of PVA and lignin nanoparticles from wheat straw after novel DES-THF pretreatment

The utilization of environmental friendly and renewable materials has received increasing attention recently. Lignin nanospheres (LNPs) prepared from recovered lignin and residual lignin after DESs and DESs-THF pretreatment were obtained by self-assembly in the present research. Then, films were prepared by incorporating them into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. The properties of various films were characterized and compared. Results showed that as the LNPs content increased, the UV blocking capacity of the films was gradually enhanced than PVA film. The DES-THF films showed better antioxidant properties up to 69 % due to higher phenolic hydroxyl content. The hydrophobicity of films incorporated with DESs-THF pretreated lignin was consistently better than that of DES pretreated. DES-THF-M films showed a higher Tmax than that of DES-M films, resulting in better thermal stability. Moreover, DES-THF-L films are lighter in color due to a lower degree of condensation, which is favorable to subsequent applications. The incorporation of LNPs improved mechanical and antioxidant properties, thermal stability, and UV shielding ability of PVA films, especially lignin after DES-THF pretreatment. In conclusion, the prepared PVA/LNPs composite films possessed good functional properties that make them potential for packaging materials.

Efficient synthesis of highly hydrophobic lignin nanoparticles and their application as nano fillers for multifunctional composite membranes

Controlling the hydrophobic behaviors of lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) is crucial and advantageous for their application as film Nano Fillers, yet it poses a significant challenge. Herein, we successfully developed a novel method for the preparation of LNPs with highly hydrophobic behaviors using ternary deep eutectic solution (DES)-H2O systems. The resulting LNPs exhibit a significantly reduced content of hydrophilic groups on their outer surface, leading to a zeta potential value of only −4.9 mV, and up to 140.0° of water contact angle (WCA). Afterwards, a “Dissolution-Restructuration” mechanism was proposed to explain the formation of the prepared LNPs. Firstly, DES demonstrates superior H-bonding capabilities, facilitating the complete disruption of inter- and intramolecular H-bonding in lignin, and resulting in the formation of a highly homogenized lignin network. Subsequently, the DES system undergoes compromise after adding water, triggering the reformation of both inter- and intramolecular H-bonding and π-π interactions. Consequently, lignin orderly self-assembles into LNPs with highly hydrophobic characteristics. Especially, using the as-prepared LNPs as Nano fillers, a series of LNPs-containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were successfully fabricated, exhibiting exceptional hydrophobic behaviors (with contact angles reaching up to 124.0°). Furthermore, the mechanical strength, UV-shielding capabilities, and biodegradability of the PVA films are significantly enhanced. This study introduces a sustainable and efficient approach for the synthesis of hydrophobic LNPs, thereby facilitating the broadening of applications for lignin-based functional composite film materials.

Unveiling the potential of PVA-Er2O3 films for superior optical, electrical, mechanical, and thermal applications

This study explores the enhancement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films by incorporating erbium oxide (Er2O3) nanoparticles using the casting solution method. We investigated the structural, optical, electrical, dielectric, and mechanical properties of PVA-Er2O3 nanocomposite films with varying Er2O3 concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt%). Structural analyses confirmed successful nanoparticle integration. Optical measurements revealed reduced transparency and bandgap, alongside increased refractive index. Electrical conductivity showed significant improvement with Er2O3 inclusion. Dielectric properties demonstrated enhanced performance, with frequency-dependent studies and Argand plot analysis providing insights into charge transport and relaxation mechanisms. Mechanical testing indicated increased tensile strength and Young’s modulus, with the 10 wt% nanocomposite showing comparable performance to pure PVA. These findings highlight the potential of PVA-Er2O3 films for advanced applications in electronics, sensors, and energy storage systems.

Low-cost and durable polyvinyl alcohol modified polyethylene separator for vanadium redox flow battery

Porous separators are considered a viable alternative to the high cost Nafion membrane for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) commercialization. However, the porous separators suffer from high vanadium ion crossover due to the presence of large micron size pores, which leads to decay in capacity of the VRFB system. To tackle the same, a composite separator is synthesized wherein a cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) layer is coated on to the porous polyethylene silica separator (PE separator) to mitigate the vanadium ion crossover rate and employed in the VRFB application. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirmed the successful coating of the PVA film on to the PE separator. Synthesized PE-PVA separator showed a significant decrease in the vanadium ion crossover by 31.44 times compared to the pristine PE separator. Consequently, the self-discharge time increases by 8 and 1.66 times compared to the pristine PE separator and the Nafion117 membrane, respectively. VRFB cell equipped with the synthesized separator showed better capacity retention with a capacity fade rate of 0.2 % Ah·cycle−1 than the Nafion117 membrane (0.5 % Ah·cycle−1). In-situ and ex-situ oxidative stability of the separator is explored in detail and a degradation mechanism of the cross-linked PVA membrane is proposed accordingly. The synthesized single side coated PE-PVA´ separator exhibits higher coulombic efficiency of 99 % and comparable energy efficiency of 71 % at a current density of 120 mA·cm−2 and demonstrated excellent lifetime durability tested up to 1600 charge-discharge cycles at 80 mA·cm−2.

Double-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/starch bioplastic with superior water-resistance and flame retardancy

The high water solubility and flammability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) limits its further widespread use in areas such as bioplastic and green packaging. In this study, double-crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol/starch bioplastics (named PDA) were fabricated using PVA, dialdehyde starch (DAS), and phytic acid (PA), resulting in a material with superior water resistance, flame retardancy, and excellent degradability. PA not only plays the role of catalyst for the chemical crosslinking but also as the physical crosslinker to form the intermolecular hydrogen bonds with PVA and DAS. This chemically and physically double cross-linked network structure results in PDA bioplastics with excellent toughness and water resistance. Specifically, the optimal formulation with 15 % PA content, designated as PDA15, exhibited a high toughness of 35.5 MJ/m3 and demonstrated prolonged shape retention in the boiling water. Additionally, PA also serves as a flame-retardant and antibacterial agent; the PDA15 achieved a high limit oxygen index (LOI) value of 40.0 % and passed the UL-94 V-0 rating without melt dripping, along with better degradability compared to pure PVA film. These outstanding performances make the PDA bioplastics highly promising for various applications, particularly in disposable plastics and laminated flexible packaging materials.

Polyvinyl alcohol dyed with methyl red as a radiochromic film dosimeter for gamma radiation

Abstract A Radiochromic film dosimeter for gamma radiation was prepared from polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and methyl red (MR) by condensation polymerization. To confirm the reaction, the obtained PVA-MR film was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and compared to PVA film. The result shows the appearance of new vibrational stretching at ~1700 cm−1, related to carbonyl groups, indicating that the reaction between PVA and MR has been successfully done. The effect of radiation on the color change characteristic of PVA-MR film and its possibility to be used as a radiochromic film dosimeter were investigated using ultraviolet (UV)-Vis spectrophotometry. The absorption spectrum of PVA-MR can be seen in the visible region at ~420 nm, which is characteristic of red, and the film undergoes decolorization gradually from red to transparent when exposed to gamma radiation up to 100 kGy. Moreover, the response of these dosimeters at different times after irradiation was tested and the energy band gap, Eg, was also calculated.

Selection of the Optimal Concentration of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium Dye in Polyvinyl Alcohol Film for Diagnostic Radiology

Ensuring the limited exposure of both patients and medical professionals to radiation during examinations is paramount. One effective approach is the utilization of a film dosimeter that is not only efficient but also easy to carry. In this research, we employed polyvinyl alcohol/nitro blue tetrazolium (PVA/NBT) with varying concentrations of NBT dye (ranging from 0.015 to 0.3 g) to identify the most optimal concentration. These films were subjected to low doses of gamma rays (8, 25, 55 and 96 mGy) emitted from 3 Cs-137 sources. XRF analysis confirmed the effectiveness of the preparation method used, and the NBT salt exhibited excellent solubility (R2 = 0.93). The films exhibited an increasing yellow hue as the concentration of NBT dye rose. Following irradiation, they took on a yellowish-brown tint, intensifying with higher gamma doses. PVA/NBT films, when stored in the dark, demonstrated good stability for 30 days post-irradiation. Analysis using ImageJ software unveiled that the relative density of the red color heightened proportionally with the concentration of NBT dye. XRD patterns showcased the clarity of structural rearrangements occurring after irradiation with high NBT concentrations. Two distinct peaks were registered at 2θ = 20.12 and 40.94 °, which shifted to 2θ = 19.74 and 41.30 ° post-gamma irradiation. The CIELab system study and K/S color strength indicated that increasing the NBT dye concentration led to a linear rise in color strength with escalating low gamma doses. Through a comprehensive assessment, it is concluded that PVA/NBT film can be effectively employed as a dosimeter for low gamma doses in diagnostic radiology. HIGHLIGHTS Nine different concentrations of NBT dye were used to prepare PVA/NBT films. The standard dose scale in diagnostic radiology (mGy) was applied in this work. CIELab system parameters showed a linear increase with increasing applied dose. XRD pattern recorded a shifted peak after irradiation from 2θ = 20.12 to 19.74 °. The dose-response was affected by increasing the NBT dye to a certain concentration. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Preparation and characterization of novel natural pigment-indicating film: Application in kiwifruit freshness monitoring

The marketability of natural pigment-based indicator films is impeded by their weaker color rendering and stability compared with synthetic pigments. Here, we developed novel colorimetric indicators by blending polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and combining alizarin and curcumin. Compared with the individual materials, the PVA and CMC composite films demonstrated superior thermal stability and water resistance. The manufacturing process of these colorimetric indicators was optimized using response surface methodology. The optimum conditions were as follows: PVA at 3.92 g/100 mL; plate pour amount, 48.6 mL; pigment content, 5.8 g/100 mL; pigment ratio, 0.76. The optimized film showed a robust response to CO2 (a color difference of 65.06 ± 2.43). The color difference of the optimized film improved by 98.5 % and 16.86 % for kiwifruit stored at room and low temperatures, respectively. This substantial color change aids in identifying the optimal consumption window for kiwifruit, boosting indicator precision and kiwifruit freshness accuracy.

Photophysical properties of fisetin embedded in polymer matrix modulated by both bulk polarity and non-bonding interactions

Slow solvation dynamics and abundant non-bonding interactions in polymer matrix can modulate photophysical properties of guest chromophores. In this work, we used fisetin as a fluorescent probe to explore the microenvironment in poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix and its effect on excited-state proton transfer (ESPT). Compared to in PVA solution, fluorescence of fisetin in PVA film is largely enhanced and ESPT barrier is increased. Both bulk polarity of PVA film and site-specific intermolecular hydrogen bonding between water and fisetin were determined to contribute to anomalous absorption and emission properties absent in solutions.

Novel antimicrobial polyvinyl alcohol film by incorporating β-cyclodextrin/berberine inclusion complex preserving the storage quality of salmon fillets

Antimicrobial packaging film mediated by photodynamic inactivation (PDI) based on biodegradable polymers is promising. The photosensitizer berberine chloride (BBR) was encapsulated into the β-cyclodextrin (CD) to exert its aggregation-induced emission (AIE) property. On this basis, novel PDI-mediated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were fabricated by incorporating the CD/BBR inclusion complex. The PVA/CD/BBR films had high light transmittance (∼70 %) in the visible light range, and possessed good biodegradability with the water absorption of 76 % and water solubility of 31 %. Besides, the films exhibited good mechanical properties with the tensile strength of 62.53 MPa at elongation break of 69.14 %, owing to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the PVA and CD/BBR. The PDI-mediated films were irradiated (14.4 J/cm2) to produce ROS to kill ∼4 log CFU/mL of Listeria monocytogenes and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. In addition, the films potently inactivated native bacteria (0.92 log CFU/g) on salmon fillets after 9 days of storage, and maintained their sensory quality, water holding capacity, and notably, inhibited the chemical changes of salmon fillets to extend the shelf-life for at least 3 days.

Flame retardant polyvinyl alcohol film with self‐releasing carbon dioxide and ammonia from phytic acid and urea

AbstractThis paper utilizes the reaction of phytic acid (PA) and urea (UM) in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution to synthesize flame retardant gasses (CO2, NH3) for the preparation of PVA composite films containing flame retardant microbubbles. The flame retardancy of PVA composite films was assessed using methods including limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning (UL 94), and cone calorimetry. The results indicated an increase in the LOI of the PVA composite film containing flame retardant microfoam from 20% to 30% compared with the pure PVA film, and that UL 94 reached VTM‐0. Furthermore, its peak exothermic rate and total exothermic amount were reduced by 36.25% and 38.92%, respectively, compared with the pure PVA film. The investigation of the flame‐retardant mechanism employed thermogravimetric‐infrared (TG‐IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that the CO2 and NH3 flame retardant microbubbles within the composite film render it less ignitable at the initial stage, and that the internal UM of the composite film continues to decompose, releasing CO2 and NH3 upon heating. In addition, the acidic substances decomposed by PA during combustion promote the dehydration, cross‐linking, and cyclization of PVA, generating chemical structures such as POC, POP, and PO4 with enhanced thermal stability. This encourages the formation of a continuous, dense charcoal layer and impedes the transfer of oxygen and heat into the interior.

PVA-based formulations as a design-technology platform for orally disintegrating film matrices

In the majority of pharmaceutical applications, polymers are employed extensively in a diverse range of pharmaceutical products, serving as indispensable components of contemporary solid oral dosage forms. A comprehensive understanding of the properties of polymers and selection the appropriate methods of characterization is essential for the design and development of novel drug delivery systems and manufacturing processes. Orally disintegrating film (ODF) formulations are considered to be a potential substitute to traditional oral dosage forms and an alternative method of drug administration for children and uncooperative adult patients, including those with swallowing difficulties. A multitude of pharmaceutical formulations with varying mechanical and biopharmaceutical properties have emerged from the modification of the original polymeric bulk. Here we propose different formulation approaches, i.e. solvent casting (SC), 3D printing (3DP), electrospinning (ES), and lyophilization (LP) that enabled us to adjust the disintegration time and the release profile of poorly water soluble haloperidol (HAL, BCS class II) from PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) based polymer films while maintaining similar hydrogel composition. In this study, the solubility of haloperidol in aqueous solution was improved by the addition of lactic acid. The prepared films were evaluated for their morphology (SEM, micro-CT), physicochemical and biopharmaceutical properties. TMDSC, TGA and PXRD were employed for extensive thermal and structural analysis of fabricated materials and their stability. These results allowed us to establish correlations between preparation technology, structural characteristics and properties of PVA films and to adapt the suitable manufacturing technique of the ODFs to achieve appropriate HAL dissolution behaviour.