Polymer Residues Research Articles

Review and Prospect of Viscoelastic Surfactant Diverting Acid

Abstract With the rapid development of social economy, global energy demand is growing rapidly. Carbonate reservoirs have attracted much attention due to their wide distribution and large reserves. Due to the heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs, conventional acidification technology cannot meet the production requirements, and diverting acid must be used to achieve effective development. The biggest problem of commonly used polymer-based diversion acid is the polymer residue after acidification. In recent years, the viscoelastic surfactant diverting acid (VEDA) system has attracted much attention because it can be decomposed by a simple cleaning process after the temporary plugging and diverting acid operation is completed. This paper studies the VEDA system through a large number of literature research. The properties of (VES) were introduced, and the application of viscoelastic surfactant in VEDA was analyzed. Secondly, the working principle of VEDA acid system is listed and several methods for evaluating the diverting ability of VEDA (pressure drop curve, permeability change, wormhole expansion) are introduced. Then, the VEDA rheological model established by various scholars was summarized. Finally, the commonly used VEDA system and its application in this field are summarized.

(Invited) Design of Reduced Shear Force Cu Cleaning Processes Via α-β-Unsaturated Chemistries for Enhanced BTA Residue Removal

As integrated circuit and logic devices continue to decrease, limiting induced defectivity during Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) processes (polishing and substrate cleaning) is imperative. Defects resulting from the CMP process can be classified as mechanical (i.e., scratching), chemical (i.e., corrosion), or physiochemical (i.e., adsorbed contaminants) according to the mechanism of formation. Traditionally, a contact cleaning method implements a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) brush to transfer cleaning chemistry to the substrate of interest and provides the necessary mechanical energy for defect removal. While this process effectively removes contaminants, its reliance on shear forces can induce secondary defect modes, such as scratching. One major challenge for the post-CMP cleaning of Cu substrates is the polymeric residue film comprised of BTA-Cu+ complexes that propagate during the CMP polishing process. The current and most effective mode to mitigate this “residue defect” is coupling brush-induced shear force with additives that promote interfacial redox reactions to remove residues through an undercutting mechanism. This work focuses on developing a “softer” and additive structure-based approach that drives less aggressive interfacial shear between the brush and wafer substrate. More specifically, α-β-unsaturated additives with diverse functionality (i.e., -unsaturated carboxylic acids, carboxylic acids, and unsaturated benzaldehydes) will be tested to evaluate their efficacy to “overcut” the organic residue via a proposed aza-Michael addition reaction pathway. This “overcutting” mechanism relies on additional modes of interaction (i.e., p-stacking, H-bonding, conformational relationships, etc.) with the BTA- Cu+ polymeric residue film. A suite of dynamic techniques (i.e., Tafel analysis, OCP vs. time, contact angle, additive diffusion analysis, and shear force) will attempt to correlate the additive structure and reaction mechanism to organic residue removal efficiency and measured interfacial shear forces. Initial results have shown that implementing an “overcutting” mechanism will decrease the overall shear force and significantly reduce the generation of secondary defects without sacrificing overall defect removal efficiency.

Biodegradation of four polyolefin plastics in superworms (Larvae of Zophobas atratus) and effects on the gut microbiome

Recent studies have demonstrated superworms (larvae of Zophobas atratus) ability to degrade polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polypropylene (PP) within their digestive system. This study aimed to compare the ability of superworms to degrade the above four polyolefin plastics over a duration of 30 days. In this study, the degradation rate of PE was the highest, and the final average weight of superworms, as well as the final plastic mass loss consumed by them, significantly increased (73.38 % and 52.33 %, respectively) when PE was fed with wheat bran (1:1 [w/w]). FTIR and TGA indicated the occurrence of oxidation and biodegradation processes in the four polyolefin plastics when exposed to superworms. In addition, the molecular weights (Mw and Mn) of excreted polymer residues decreased by 3.1 % and 2.87 % in PE-fed superworms, suggesting that the depolymerization of PE was not entirely dependent on the gut microbial community. The analysis of the gut microbial communities revealed that the dominant microbial community were different for each type of plastic. The results indicate that the gut microbiome of superworms exhibited remarkable adaptability in degrading various types of plastics, and the intake preferences and efficiency of different plastics are associated with different dominant microbial community species.

Ethanol Solvation of Polymer Residues in Graphene Solution-Gated Field Effect Transistors.

The persistence of photoresist residues from microfabrication procedures causes significant obstacles in the technological advancement of graphene-based electronic devices. These residues induce undesired chemical doping effects, diminish carrier mobility, and deteriorate the signal-to-noise ratio, making them critical in certain contexts, including sensing and electrical recording applications. In graphene solution-gated field-effect transistors (gSGFETs), the presence of polymer contaminants makes it difficult to perform precise electrical measurements, introducing response variability and calibration challenges. Given the absence of viable short to midterm alternatives to polymer-intensive microfabrication techniques, a postpatterning treatment involving THF and ethanol solvents was evaluated, with ethanol being the most effective, environmentally sustainable, and safe method for residue removal. Employing a comprehensive analysis with XPS, AFM, and Raman spectroscopy, together with electrical characterization, we investigated the influence of residual polymers on graphene surface properties and transistor functionality. Ethanol treatment exhibited a pronounced enhancement in gSGFET performance, as evidenced by a shift in the charge neutrality point and reduced dispersion. This systematic cleaning methodology holds the potential to improve the reproducibility and precision in the manufacturing of graphene devices. Particularly, by using ethanol for residue removal, we align our methodology with the principles of green chemistry, minimizing environmental impact while advancing diverse graphene technology applications.

The mechanical and frost resistance properties of pressed concrete blocks mixed with the polymeric aluminum chloride waste residue.

This study aims to research on the mechanical and frost resistance properties of pressed concrete blocks mixed with the polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) waste residue. Experimental studies on the activity index of volcanic ash, mechanical property, frost resistance and microstructure of pressed concrete blocks mixed with PAC waste residue were carried out. The results show that the activity index of volcanic ash of PAC waste residue reaches 74.96% at a particle size of 0.075mm or less and a curing age of 28days. Based on results of mechanical property tests, the optimum dosage of PAC waste residue is 15%, at which time the compressive and bending strength only decreases by 14.57% and 15.84%. Based on results of frost resistance tests, the optimum dosage of PAC waste residue for pressed concrete blocks is 10%. After 50 freeze-thaw cycles, when the dosage of PAC waste residue is 10%, the strength loss rate is only 3.04%. XRD and SEM tests show that PAC waste residue participates in chemical reactions. With a small amount of PAC waste residue, the structure of the specimen remains dense and therefore the strength decreases less.

Nanotransfer Printing of Functional Nanomaterials on Electrospun Fibers for Wearable Healthcare Applications

AbstractWith the advancement of functional textile technology, there is a growing demand for functional enhancements in textiles from both industrial and societal perspectives. Recently, nanopattern transfer technology has emerged as a potential approach for fabricating functional textiles. However, conventional transfer methods have some limitations such as transfer difficulties on curved fiber surfaces, polymer residues, and delamination of transferred nanopatterns. In this study, an advanced nanopattern transfer method based on surface modification and thermoforming principles is applied to microscale electrospun fibers. This transfer method utilizes covalent bonding and mechanical interlocking between nanopatterns and the fibers without requiring extra adhesives. Various nanopatterns transferred electrospun fibers possess significant potential for diverse wearable healthcare applications. This work introduces two specific application scenarios in the field of wearable healthcare, both of which leverage the light: diagnostics and antimicrobials. Versatile textile with silver nanogap‐pattern detects glucose in sweat, diagnosing hypoglycemia and diabetes by shifting Raman peaks from 1071.0 to 1075.4 cm−1 for 0 to 150 µm glucose. Additionally, a bactericidal mask using visible light to induce the photocatalytic degradation effect of titanium dioxide and silver nanopatterns is developed. Bactericidal efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 99.9% due to photolysis from visible light irradiation.

Enhancing dielectric passivation on monolayer WS2 via a sacrificial graphene oxide seeding layer

The full utilization of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDCs) faces several challenges, among which is realizing uniform material deposition on the 2D surface. Typical strategies to enable material growth lead to a poor interface quality, degrading the 2D TMDC’s properties. In this work, a sacrificial, graphene oxide-based seeding layer is used (1) as passivation layer, protecting the underlying 2D TMDC and (2) as nucleation layer, enabling uniform material growth. Graphene is transferred on monolayer WS2, establishing a high-quality van der Waals interface. After transfer, the polymeric residues on graphene are cleaned via a combination of wet- and dry treatments and functionalized via dry UV/O3 oxidation. The rate of graphene oxidation is shown to be substrate dependent, which is explained by UV light-induced ultrafast charge transfer between the graphene and WS2 monolayer. The carbon-oxygen functionalities serve as nucleation sites in a subsequent HfO2 ALD process, achieving more uniform dielectric growth and faster layer closure compared to direct deposition. The graphene-based nucleation- / passivation approach offers adaptability, allowing for tailored surface chemistry to enable any alternative material growth, while maintaining a prefect van der Waals interface.

Framework for Engineering of Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride by Focused Ion Beams

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is gaining interest as a wide bandgap van der Waals host of optically active spin defects for quantum technologies. Most studies of the spin‐photon interface in hBN focus on the negatively charged boron vacancy (VB−) defect, which is typically fabricated by ion irradiation. However, the applicability and wide deployment of VB− defects is limited by VB− fabrication methods which lack robustness and reproducibility, particularly when applied to thin flakes (≲10 nm) of hBN. Here, two key factors are elucidated that underpin the formation and quenching of VB− centers by ion irradiation—density of defects generated in the hBN lattice and recoil‐implantation of foreign atoms into hBN. Critically, it is shown that the latter is extremely efficient at inhibiting the generation of optically‐active VB− centers. This is significant because foreign atoms such as carbon are commonplace on both the top and bottom surfaces of hBN during ion irradiation, in the form of hydrocarbon contaminants, polymer residues from hBN transfer methods, protective capping layers and substrates. Recoil implantation must be accounted for when selecting ion beam parameters such as ion mass, energy, fluence, incidence angle, and sputter/span yield, which are discussed in the context of a framework for VB− generation by high‐resolution focused ion beam (FIB) systems.

Identification of Hybrid Polymer Material STERED and Basic Material Properties Used in Road Substructures or Pavements.

Modern road construction uses a large number of polymer-based materials. Material composition depends on their roles. Among the most important functions of road body materials is to transfer all loads safely to the subgrade. A thorough understanding of material properties in various climates is crucial for this purpose. In the automotive industry, polymer residues from recycling can be used to make innovative materials, such as STERED, a hybrid polymer composite. Drawing on the porous nature of this material, this paper investigates its mechanical behavior. For road construction, the compressive properties of the material are most important. The paper presents the results of a detailed analysis and experimental research of the STERED material from in-lab tests. Successful research will lead to the inclusion of the material in road body compositions with excellent retention properties, vibration damping, and potential in circular economy.

Powdered Cellulose Microblasting for Dry Cleaning Printed Works on Paper.

This study evaluates the practical feasibility of using powdered cellulose microblasting for dry cleaning paper-based printed artworks in a real setting of conservation treatment. The control parameters used for this purpose are the potential morphological changes in the surface, the level of cleanliness achieved, and the amount of residue remaining in the artwork after the treatment. In this study, cleaning of a lithography was conducted entirely with powdered cellulose microblasting. The outcomes were evaluated before and after treatment using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and spectrophotometry. The results indicate that powdered cellulose microblasting is a feasible and efficient technique for conducting the dry cleaning of printed works on paper without causing morphological changes to their surface. Additionally, it offers significant benefits by enabling precise treatment control, reducing cleaning time, and using materials stable in the long term and compatible with the substrate. Moreover, it mitigates the long-term negative effects caused by synthetic polymer residues from the cleaning materials commonly used in the dry cleaning of paper.

Strong and tough polysaccharide organohydrogels for strain, humidity and temperature sensors.

To avoid the potential toxicity of monomer residues in synthetic polymer based organohydrogels, natural polysaccharide-based organohydrogels are expected to be used in multi-functional wearable sensory systems, but most of them have unsatisfactory stiffness, strength and fracture toughness. Herein, a cooking and soaking strategy is proposed to prepare novel natural polysaccharide-based organohydrogels possessing outstanding stiffness, strength, toughness, freezing resistance, heating resistance and long-term durability. The agar organohydrogel exhibits a fracture stress of 3.3 MPa, a Young's modulus of 2.26 MPa and a fracture toughness of 14.8 kJ m-2, the κ-carrageenan organohydrogel exhibits a fracture stress of 3.3 MPa, a Young's modulus of 4.34 MPa and a fracture toughness of 11.0 kJ m-2, and the gellan organohydrogel exhibits a fracture stress of 1.2 MPa, a Young's modulus of 2.81 MPa and a fracture toughness of 5.4 kJ m-2. Furthermore, the agar organohydrogels are assembled into multi-functional wearable sensors by introducing NaCl as a conducting agent exhibiting responses to strain (5-150%), temperature (-15 to 60 °C) and humidity (11-97%), and possessing exceptional multi-sensory capabilities. Therefore, the developed strategy has shown a new pathway towards strengthening polysaccharide-based organohydrogels with potential for application in wearable sensory systems.

Greener solvents for the processing of preceramic polycarbosilane: application in the preparation of B4C/SiC composites.

The innovation introduced in this study consists of replacing toluene with safer solvents such as cyclopentane or diethyl ether in the processing of a preceramic polycarbosilane (allylhydridopolycarbosilane, AHPCS) and assessing its impact on the functionalisation of B4C powders to produce B4C/SiC composites. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) with ATR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy revealed no major modification in the polymer structure. SEC/MALS analysis showed a slight change in the number-average molar mass of the polymer regardless of the functionalisation solvent used in correlation with a slight decrease in the polymer ceramic yield due to oligomer loss. The thermal behaviour of the preceramic polymer investigated via mass spectrometry remained unaffected by the solvent change. The search for polymer residues after distillation highlighted the recyclability of both the functionalisation solvent and the polymer, despite a slight increase in the molar mass of the polymer. Finally, the sinterability of B4C/AHPCS samples was studied with the preparation of B4C/SiC composites via a polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) route and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The effect of the solvent on the microstructure and relative density of the specimens (>92%) is negligible. The specimens retain a fine and homogeneous phase distribution despite process modification. The results highlight the approach developed to use greener solvents for the chemical synthesis of functionalised ceramics and represent a step towards the generalisation of more environmentally friendly processes.

UV aging of styrene-acrylic polymer SiO2 and TiO2 composites

The photodegradation of coatings based on styrene-acrylic polymer and nanoparticles: hydrophobized silica (40–70 nm) and photoactive titanium dioxide (50–100 nm) was investigated. By the means of FTIR, goniometry, and SEM, it is shown that the use of titanium dioxide provides acceleration of photooxidation processes in comparison with the silica-based system. However, the formation of volatile decomposition products is not accelerated, which leads to the formation of a textured surface with polar polymer residues. Such surfaces have high wettability because of the capillary structure and intrinsic high surface energy. It was confirmed that the addition of nanoparticles reduces the ablation rate to 0.74 µm/h for TiO2 and to 0.85 µm/h for SiO2 due to the UV shielding effect.

(Invited) Enabling High Quality Dielectric Passivation on Monolayer WS2 Using a Sacrificial Graphene Oxide Template

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDC’s) hold a wide variety of applications, among which microelectronic devices. 2D TMDC’s are promising alternatives for today’s silicon-based technology but suffer from various integration challenges. Among others, direct dielectric growth on the 2D surface occurs poorly due to their self-passivated surfaces resulting in island-like growth initiated at defect sites. This work focuses on enabling uniform high-k dielectric nucleation and growth on 2D TMDC’s via a sacrificial, graphene oxide-based buffer layer. Essentially, the role of the sacrificial graphene buffer layer is twofold: 1) serve as a passivation layer, protecting the underlying 2D TMDC (i.e., WS2) during processing and 2) act as a nucleation layer, enabling uniform atomic layer deposition (ALD) high-k dielectric (i.e,. HfO2) growth. A graphene layer is transferred on monolayer WS2, after which polymeric transfer residues are cleaned via a combination of wet treatments and a dry hydrogen downstream plasma exposure. The cleaned graphene is functionalized via a dry UV/O3 oxidative treatment, which enriches its basal plane with carbon-oxygen single bond functionalities by sacrificing its π-network. This way, the graphene carbon lattice itself remains intact and retains its passivation properties. Moreover, a substrate dependency is observed where graphene transferred on WS2 requires longer UV/O3 exposure to ensure functionalization compared to a SiO2 substrate and can be explained by UV-light induced, ultrafast charge transfer between the graphene and WS2 monolayer. The carbon-oxygen groups formed on graphene’s basal plane act as nucleation sites during a subsequent HfO2 ALD process. A constant roughness is noted for the HfO2 film grown on the graphene oxide capped WS2, indicating uniform material deposition even in the early stages of the ALD process. This is in sharp contrast when HfO2 is directly grown on the WS2 monolayer, whose roughness stabilizes only after many ALD cycles (up to 256), demonstrating the poor, island-like growth mechanism. In addition, a similar hafnium areal density is measured for the graphene oxide capped WS2 compared bare SiO2, which was selected to represent a well-functionalized surface and thus confirming the efficiency of the graphene oxide-based nucleation layer. For devices incorporating the graphene oxide buffer layer concept, a crucial question is to what extent the graphene oxide layer gives rise to leakage currents by providing a conductive path between source and drain. Electrical evaluation of a GFET by means of I-V measurements reveal a significant shift in Dirac point towards positive gate voltage for transferred graphene, which is typically associated with p-type doping originating from the polymeric transfer residues still present on the surface. The Dirac point shifts towards 0-point voltage after final hydrogen downstream plasma cleaning, confirming the effectiveness of the established cleaning protocol. Moreover, Graphene’s conductivity is suppressed after UV/O3 to the nA range, as caused by the formation of carbon-oxygen functionalities and associated sacrifice of its π-network. The residual current may be further suppressed by extending the UV/O3 treatment, but nevertheless demonstrates that the graphene oxide buffer layer will not give rise to significant leakage currents.

Mechanical Investigation of Recyclability for Sustainable Use of Laser-Based Metal–Polymer Joints

Metal–plastic hybrid components combine the strength of metal with the low density of plastic. Due to weight reduction, these components are becoming increasingly important. To reduce the need for raw materials, processes for the recyclability of hybrid compounds are being investigated to reuse the metal part. The aim of this research is to characterize the mechanical bond strength after laser-based cleaning and reuse of the metal component. For this purpose, laser radiation is used to introduce microstructures into the metal surface. Afterwards, the polymer is joined to the metal component with laser radiation. As a reference of the initial mechanical bond strength, the joined samples are examined in a tensile testing machine. The polymer residues remaining in the structured metal surface are removed with different laser-based cleaning strategies. The metal is used again to generate another hybrid joined sample with a new polymer component. The results of the subsequent tests in the tensile testing machine are used for a detailed analysis of the reusability. As a result of this investigation, the laser-cleaned specimens showed significant improvements in bond strength compared to the uncleaned specimens. The process of laser-based cleaning for the reuse of the metallic part of hybrid joined components provides a fundamental procedure for improving the circular economy. In the future, this study should be validated in subsequent investigations on realistic components with complex geometries.

Economic feasibility of catalytic cracking of polymer waste for fuel production

Plastic waste represents a major environmental concern, as it does not degrade in the environment and is constantly discarded. The types of polymers most used in the world are polyethylene and polypropylene, mainly for the production of packaging and, therefore, are the most discarded plastic waste in the environment. Some efforts are being applied to mitigate this situation, such as mechanical recycling, which transforms plastic waste into other products. But polymer cracking processes are promising alternatives, converting waste into lightweight materials that can be turned into commercial fuels. However, to be viable, these processes must consume as little resources as possible and, for this, feasibility experiments must be carried out to prove their application on a large scale and in small transformation units. This work presents a methodology for assembling a low-cost pyrolysis reactor to carry out the cracking of polymeric residues, and experiments were carried out with it, whose results showed the technical and economic viability of the described process, obtaining a rate of conversion of plastic into fuels of up to 96%, so it can be widely applied to reduce impacts caused by plastic disposal.

Phase equilibrium determination of the binary system globalide + pressured propane: Experiments and thermodynamic modeling

Globalide is a macrolactone used recently as a monomer in polymerization processes in several kinds of research due to its ability to produce biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters suitable for applications in biodegradable packaging and biomedical devices. Polymerization processes traditionally use organic solvents and metallic/chemical catalysts that may leave toxic residues in the final polymer. To obtain polymers free of organic solvents, the use of pressurized gases as green solvents has been investigated. In this context, knowing the phase behavior of these systems is essential to understand the proper conditions of the polymerization process, ensuring that the reaction occurs in single-phase conditions. This work reports phase equilibrium studies of Gl + propane systems at temperatures of 313.15, 323.15, 333.15, and 343.15 K, and propane mass fractions between 0.1 and 0.9001. All observed phase transitions occur in pressures lower than 2.5 MPa, indicating that propane is a solvent that requires less energy expenditure than systems with CO2, being an economic advantage in the polymerization process. Peng-Robinson equation of state with a constant binary interaction parameter adjusted adjustment to the experimental data well.

Development and Application of Polymer Plugging Remover for Polymer Injection Well in Changqing Oilfield

Water injection is a conventional method to maintain reservoirs pressure and improve production in low permeability oilfield. To decrease high water-cut and further enhance oil recovery, Polymers, such as polymer microsphere, preformed polymer gel, cross-linked polyacrylamide, are extensively used to control injection profile in Changqing oilfield. However, due to the low permeability and narrow pore throats of tight reservoirs, pressure in some water flooding wells increases rapidly after the polymer was injected, negatively affecting the energy supplement of the well cluster. A polymer plugging remover, composed of oxidizer, acid and chelating agent to relieve blockage, was developed with viscosity reduction and structure decomposition. The release period is more than 48 hours, which is conducive to deep-seated plugging removal. After treatment, the average diameter of polymer residue is 39-254nm and the dissolution rate is 15.76-53.42%. The permeability of the core sample plugged with polymer has increased significantly before and after treatment by polymer plugging remover, especially, it recovered by 28.67% for microsphere polymer. Five field tests have been completed successfully in the Jiyuan oilfield of Changqing. Before treatment, conventional acidification was performed in the pilot wells for two times at least, which is proved invalid. However, after polymer degraded by the plugging remover, the injection rate increased by 16.2m3/d, the pressure dropped by 3.4MPa and the validity period has exceeded 130 days on average. The polymer plugging remover provides an alternative way to increase injectability when dealing with high pressure and under-injection wells caused by polymer flooding.

Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for Delivery of Neuroprotective Kynurenic Acid: Preparation, Characterization, and BBB Transport.

Encapsulation possibilities of an extensively investigated neuroprotective drug (kynurenic acid, KYNA) are studied via lipid-based nanocarriers to increase the blood-brain barrier (BBB) specific permeability. The outcomes of various preparation conditions such as stirring and sonication time, concentration of the lipid carriers and the drug, and the drug-to-lipid ratio are examined. Considering the experimentally determined encapsulation efficiency, hydrodynamic diameter, and ζ-potential values, the initial lipid and drug concentration as well as the stirring and sonication time of the preparation were optimized. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the prepared asolectin-(LIP) and water-soluble lipopolymer (WSLP)-based liposomes was found to be ca. 25 and 60 nm under physiological conditions. The physicochemical characterization of the colloidal carriers proves that the preparation of the drug-loaded liposomes was a successful process, and secondary interactions were indicated between the drug molecule and the polymer residues around the WSLP membrane. Dissolution profiles of the active molecule under physiological conditions were registered, and the release of the unformulated and encapsulated drug is very similar. In addition to this outcome, the in vitro polar brain lipid extract (porcine)-based permeability test proved the achievement of two- or fourfold higher BBB specific penetration and lipid membrane retention for KYNA in the liposomal carriers relative to the unformatted drug.

Critical Point Drying of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors Improves Their Electric Transport Characteristics.

A critical point drying (CPD) technique is reported with supercritical CO2 as a cleaning step for graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) microfabricated on oxidized Si wafers, which results in an increase of the field-effect mobility and a decrease of the impurity doping. It is shown that the polymeric residues remaining on graphene after the transfer process and device microfabrication are significantly reduced after the CPD treatment. Moreover, the CPD effectively removes ambient adsorbates such as water therewith reducing the undesirable p-type doping of the GFETs. It is proposed that CPD of electronic, optoelectronic, and photonic devices based on 2D materials as a promising technique to recover their intrinsic properties after the microfabrication in a cleanroom and after storage at ambient conditions.