Polyester-cotton Blend Fabrics Research Articles

A flexible, soft superabsorbent polyester-cotton blended fabric in-situ coated by poly(sodium acrylate-co-acrylic acid)

A novel pre-synthesized polymer is fabricated with sodium polyacrylate and acrylic acid through free radical polymerization. Interestingly, the pre-synthesized polymer is further polymerized on the polyester-cotton fabric in the presence of glycerol as a cross-linking agent forming superabsorbent fabric. The composite functional fabrics is prepared by two steps, namely synthesis and finishing process. Owing to the vital role of the viscosity of pre-polymer for the superabsorbent property, the effect of monomer concentration, temperature, time, dosage of initiator and degree of neutralization on the viscosity of pre-polymer is thoroughly investigated. Besides, the effects of the degree of neutralization and dosage of polymerization solution as well as cross-linking agent on the water absorption of the composite and unfinished polyester-cotton blended fabrics is compared, respectively. After treatment, the water absorption capacity increases from 1 to 323.52 g/g in 1 h, reaching a maximum value of 417.53 g/g after 3.5 h. Besides, the water transportation obeys a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Furthermore, the composite fabric exhibits an optimum water retention capacity of up to 4 h. This speedy and super-water-absorbing material exhibits great potential in practical applications, such as in sanitary articles, wound dressings, and soil moisture.

Eco-friendly multifunctional coating for polyester-cotton blended fabrics with superior flame retardancy and antibacterial properties

Since the fire hazards of polyester-cotton blended (PTCO) fabrics and the hidden dangers of bacterial infection concerns caused by the contained cotton fiber, the design of flame retardant and antibacterial PTCO fabrics has received considerable attention. In this work, flame-retardant PTCO fabrics with satisfactory antibacterial properties were fabricated via a convenient and eco-friendly impregnation treatment involving guanidine phosphate (GP) and polyethylenimine (PEI). The prepared PTCO fabrics demonstrated excellent flame retardancy with a high limiting oxygen index value of 30.5 % and self-extinguishing capability, the damaged length was only 34 mm in the vertical flammability test. Furthermore, the peak heat release rate and the total heat release of coated PTCO fabrics were reduced significantly by 49 % and 38 %, respectively, indicating a substantial enhancement in fire safety. According to the analysis of the char residues and volatiles, GP presented great catalytic carbonization property, and PEI assisted the formation of the dense and stable carbon layer. The stable carbon layer effectively restricted mass and oxygen transfer between the PTCO fabrics and the environment. In addition, the introduction of PEI also produced more nonflammable gases to enhance the flame retardancy of the PTCO fabrics. Importantly, the GP/PEI coating barely deteriorate the physical and mechanical properties of the PTCO fabrics. The antibacterial rate of the GP/PEI-coated PTCO fabrics against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was 99.99 %, similar to that of GP-coated fabrics, indicating the efficacy antibacterial properties of GP, and the addition of PEI did not compromise the antibacterial properties of GP. This work offers an efficient and simple approach to producing multifunctional PTCO fabrics with excellent flame retardancy and antibacterial properties, which are hopeful to expand the promising application of PTCO fabrics.

Research on the Performance of Polypyrrole Coated Conductive Fabrics Prepared from Different Base Materials

Abstract In this paper, polypyrrole coated conductive fabrics were prepared using pyrrole as the monomer, p-toluene sulfonic acid as the doping agent and ammonium persulfate as the oxidant, adopting the simple method of situ polymerization of the liquid phase. Six types of conductive polypyrrole coated fabrics were prepared adopting polyester-cotton blended fabrics, nylon fabrics, wool fabrics, silk fabrics, basalt fabrics and aramid fabric respectively as base materials and using the same process conditions; its electrical conductivity was compared, and the distribution and resistance of the washing fastness of polypyrrole on the surface of those fabrics were studied. Results showed that under the same process conditions, the conductivity of polypyrrole coated terylene fabrics was the best, followed by the polypyrrole coated nylon fabrics and polypyrrole coated wool fabrics. Observed by electron microscope, the distribution of polypyrrole was more homogeneous on different base cloths. After washing, it was concluded that the combination fastness of polypyrrole with polyester-cotton, nylon and wool was better, while the combination fastness of polypyrrole with basalt and aramid was poor.

Recycled Polyester and Cotton Blended Siro Spun Yarns and Fabrics: A Sustainable and Eco-friendly Approach

ABSTRACT In this paper, we report the comparison of physical properties of 19.68 Tex (30 Nec)/1 Siro spun yarns and fabrics manufactured from 100% cotton, virgin polyester, and recycled polyester in 50:50 blend ratio with cotton fibers. Tensile analysis revealed that recycled polyester-cotton siro spun yarns exhibited comparable tensile strength to the virgin polyester-cotton yarns. The evenness and structural uniformity of the recycled polyester-cotton yarn was also equivalent to the polyester-cotton siro spun yarns. Plain weave (1/1) fabrics were manufactured from the obtained yarns. Recycled polyester-cotton blended fabrics depicted comparable tensile, tear, and ball bursting strength to the virgin polyester-cotton blended fabrics, and exhibited better wettability, air permeability, and were less prone to pilling when compared with the polyester-cotton blended fabrics. Recycled polyester-cotton fabrics also exhibited good drape properties and less shear stiffness in the Kawabata analysis when compared to their counterparts. Based on the results obtained, it may be safely concluded that the recycled polyester fibers can be used as an alternative to virgin polyester fibers in siro spun medium-count yarns and consequent fabrics.

Efficient recycling of polyester and microcrystalline cellulose through one-step extraction from waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics with deep eutectic solvents

Efficient recycling of polyester and microcrystalline cellulose through one-step extraction from waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics with deep eutectic solvents

Complete recycling and valorization of waste textiles for value-added transparent films via an ionic liquid

Waste polyester-cotton blended textiles have huge production and most of them are incinerated and landfilled, leading to seriously environmental pollution and significant waste of natural resources. Hence, recycling these textile wastes to other value-added products in a sustainable and economical way is meaningful and urgent. In order to completely utilize and valorize polyester-cotton blended textiles, transparent regenerated cellulose films and high-purity recovered polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film were successfully prepared via ionic liquid 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AmimCl). It is indicated that cotton fibers in waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics can be fully dissolved in AmimCl, resulting in efficient separation of polyester and cotton. The transparent cellulose films can be achieved after coagulating and drying processes. Moreover, the changes in morphology and crystalline structure of cellulose films regenerated in different coagulation bath were also investigated in detail, in which cellulose films with dense structure regenerated from water coagulation bath exhibited good mechanical properties and tensile strength was as high as 35 MPa, much higher than that of polyethylene (PE, 9 MPa) self-sealing bag membrane commonly used in laboratory, showing great potential application in packaging and wrapping fields. Meanwhile, the high purity PET residue was also reused as raw material to fabricate transparent and flexible PET film by melt pressing, whose tensile strength can reach 36 MPa. Consequently, a facile and eco-friendly process of recycling and reusing polyester-cotton blended textiles was developed and the high-valued utilization of waste polyester-cotton blended textiles can also be realized.

Improving Dyeing Parameters of Polyester/Cotton Blended Fabrics by Caustic Soda, Chitosan, and Their Hybrid

The production of polyester fibers has been dynami‌cally increased, accompanied by the common use of polyester-cotton blends. In this research work, polyester (100%), cotton (100%), and polyester-cotton blend fabrics (50/50) have been subjected to treat with caustic soda, chitosan and their hybrid, followed by one-bath two-stage dyeing with reactive dye (Reactive Red 198 RR198), to study their dyeing performance and morphology. SEM images of polyester treated and untreated with caustic soda, it describes the ease of adsorption on the alkaline modified fabric surface. The one bath two step method was used to shorten the dyeing process, increase yield and reduce the utility and chemical cost. In the final stage, the dyed fabrics were tested for color strength (K/S) value, dye intensity, fixation% in addition to, fastness properties evaluated by testing the light, washing and perspiration fastness properties of the dye. The results clearly show that for all pre- treated fabrics using caustic soda (90 g/dm3 of caustic soda, 100 min ; 80oC), favorable absorption of reactive dye RR198, resulting a high color strength and fixation % due to surface modification of polyester and mercerization of cotton fabrics. The effect of chitosan pretreatment on dyeability, fastness, and some physicochemical properties has been investigated. Hybrid treatments of textile materials by combining alkali and chitosan are potentially the most effective for improved dye color strength and fixation % and it could be applied as a novel approach to textile dyeing and finishing.

Dielectric barrier discharge plasma induced surface modification of polyester/cotton blend fabrics to improve polypyrrole coating adhesion and conductivity

Electrically conductive polyester-cotton blend fabrics were prepared by plasma pre-treatment followed by oxidative in-situ chemical polymerization of pyrrole. Polyester-cotton blend fabrics were pre-treated with dielectric barrier discharge-atmospheric pressure plasma treatment to improve the binding of polypyrrole coating on polyester-cotton blend substrate. A range of gas mixtures in dielectric barrier discharge were employed to investigate the effects of different gases in plasma induced surface modification to the surface roughness, surface chemistry and hydrophilicity of the fabric. Polyester-cotton blend fabric’s topographical change was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy, wettability changes by wicking height measurements and chemical changes by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Effect of the plasma treatment on binding strength was analyzed by studying abrasion resistance and surface resistivity. Results showed that increase in wettability and surface functionalization by oxygen functional groups contributed to improved adhesion (by 80% up to 2500 abrasion cycles), conductivity (by 65%) and atmospheric degradation (by 68% up to 4 months).

Hypophosphorous acid cross-linked layer-by-layer assembly of green polyelectrolytes on polyester-cotton blend fabrics for durable flame-retardant treatment

In this work, a facile method to manufacture the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembled coating with durable flame-resistant effect on the polyester-cotton blend fabrics was reported. The LbL coating modified polyester-cotton fabric was treated with positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) and negatively charged oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) successively. Subsequently, the PEI/OSA coating was cross-linked by hypophosphorous acid (HA). As characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the HA cross-linked PEI/OSA coatings were successfully deposited on the surfaces of polyester and cotton fibers. Effects of the as-prepared coating on thermal stability, flame retardancy and laundering durability of the polyester-cotton blend fabrics were investigated. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the thermal decomposition of modified polyester-cotton fabric could be retarded obviously compared with the untreated one, as evidenced by the improvement in the 5% mass loss temperature by 30 °C. In the horizontal burning test, self-extinguishing behavior could be achieved for the polyester-cotton fabric treated with 5 bilayers coating. Moreover, the 77% and 75% reduction in the peak heat release rate and total heat release were observed for the polyester-cotton fabric treated with 10 bilayers coating. The treated fabrics still showed good flame retardant performance after 12 laundering cycles.

Copper nano-sol loaded woven fabrics: structure and color characterization

Nano technology is an upcoming branch where lot of research work is being done with the intention of improving/changing properties of the materials. In this study polyester, cotton and polyester-cotton blended fabrics were coated with copper nano particles by pad-dry-cure technique. The morphology of nano-composite fabrics characterized using scanning electron microscope reveals that nanoparticles were dispersed on the fabric samples. The elemental analysis for confirming the presence of copper in the fabric samples was done using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the fabric samples helped to unveil that incorporation of copper nano particles increased the d-spacing value in polyester fabric to a greater extent in comparison to the cotton and polyester-cotton blended fabrics. The nano treated woven fabric samples were dyed using myrobolan; a natural dye. The samples were evaluated in terms of colourimetric parameters and colour fastness. The copper nano-sol treatment was found to improve both K/S and colour fastness.

Recent Advances in the Design of Water Based-Flame Retardant Coatings for Polyester and Polyester-Cotton Blends.

Over the last ten years a new trend of research activities regarding the flame retardancy of polymeric materials has arisen. Indeed, the continuous search for new flame retardant systems able to replace the traditional approaches has encouraged alternative solutions, mainly centred on nanotechnology. In this context, the deposition of nanostructured coatings on fabrics appears to be the most appealing and performance suitable approach. To this aim, different strategies can be exploited: from the deposition of a single monolayer consisting of inorganic nanoparticles (single-step adsorption) to the building-up of more complex architectures derived from layer by layer assembly (multi-step adsorption). The present paper aims to review the application of such systems in the field of polyester and polyester-cotton blend fabrics. The results collated by the authors are discussed and compared with those published in the literature on the basis of the different deposition methods adopted. A critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages exhibited by these approaches is also presented.

Bacterial contamination of nurses' white coats made from polyester and polyester cotton blend fabrics

In India, nurses wear white coats over their uniform. In this small study, patches of polyester and polyester cotton blend fabrics were attached to the white coats of nurses and sampled for contamination after one shift. Results showed that microbial adhesion is influenced by fabric type, with the microbial load on the polyester cotton blend fabric being 60% higher than that on the polyester fabric. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the correlation between fabric properties and microbial contamination.

Novel hydrolysable azo disperse dyes based on N‐ester‐1,8‐naphthalimide: dyeing of polyester–cotton blends

The dyeing of polyester–cotton blends with new alkali‐hydrolysable azo disperse dyes based on N‐ester‐1,8‐naphthalimide was investigated. Polyester–cotton blend fabrics were dyed using both one‐ and two‐bath methods. Dyes 3 and 4 offered lower colour yield on polyester using the one‐bath method. For the rest of the dyes, employing either the one‐ or two‐bath method resulted in a similar colour yield on polyester fabric. The results for fastness properties and colour yield of the dyeings showed that the dyes were suitable for dyeing polyester–cotton blends using the one‐bath method. The kinetic study of hydrolysis of the dyes in alkali media obeyed the pseudo first‐order reaction rate.

The Extinction Oxygen Index of Polyester-Cotton Blended Fabrics

Limiting and extinction oxygen index techniques have been used to study the effects that fabric variables and blend composition have on the burning be haviour of 20/80, 50/50 and 65/35 polyester-cotton blended fabrics. Whilst LOI values were not dependent on ignition time, they were for a given blend com position dependent on fabric area density. Lo values determined at zero area density were little dependent on blend composition for the blends studied. EOI values, as shown previously for single fibre component fabrics, were de pendent on igniter application times. Derived [EOI]o values at zero ignition times, like LOI, increased with area density. Zero area density or "free-fibre" ex tinction oxygen index Eo values, like LOI and Lo, varied only slightly with blend composition. However, when compared with respective values for pure polyester and cotton fabrics, the respective magnitudes of blend Eo values pro vide a better indication than do Lo values of the difference of blend from indi vidual component fibre burning behaviour. Thus it is considered that the ex tinction concept provides a better indication of the variations of flammable character of polyester-cotton blends compared to the individual fibre-con taining fabrics.

Oily-Soil Release for Easy-Care Cotton Fabrics1

When crosslinked polyester-cotton blend fabrics came into general use about fifteen years ago, problems of soil retention that are inherent with these fabrics were soon recognized. Many studies were conducted to identify the factors responsible for soiling and soil retention in blends, and to develop finishes capable of improving soil release. Several finishes for the improvement of the soil-release properties of blend fabrics have been developed and introduced commercially. These finishes are typically based on one of three polymer types: nonionic poly(ester-ethers); anionic copolymers of acrylic acid; or "dual-action" fluoropolymers. Two particular finishes, developed in our laboratory, that are based on combinations of Huoropolymers with hydrophilic reagents, such as polyether derivatives and acrylic acid polymers, are discussed in detail.

The Crosslinking of Blended Fabrics

The application of a crosslinking agent (DMDHEU) to all-cotton and to polyester-cotton blended fabrics indicated that similar add-ons were observed with the various fabrics. By means of special blended fabrics, it was indicated that most of the reaction occurs with the cotton fibers. Thus, there may be some tendency to overcrosslink the cotton fibers in blended fabrics if conventional finishes for cotton are applied full strength on blended fabrics By use of other special blends of cotton and polyester, potential hazards in finishing blended fabrics were illustrated.