Karin Alejandra Rosemblatt's book is a fascinating study of racial thinking and policy making in the United States and Mexico during the early twentieth century. It offers a detailed intellectual history of how scholars from both sides of the border—primarily anthropologists, including Franz Boas, John Collier, Manuel Gamio, Oscar Lewis, Lucio Mendieta y Núñez, Moisés Sáenz, Laura Thompson, and many others—collaborated, influenced, and sometimes passionately debated one another over the meanings of complex subjects such as racial difference, eugenics, evolution, cultural hierarchies, and the entanglement of race and class in the processes of modernization and assimilation. Rosemblatt focuses overwhelmingly on these subjects in relation to Native Americans, Mexico's indigenous peoples, and the category of indigeneity broadly. Intriguingly, though, she also gestures at how U.S. and Mexican categorization and governance of indigenous peoples also shaped how they thought about, and crafted policy for, other racialized groups, including mixed-race individuals, African Americans, and Japanese people. It should be read widely by anyone interested in the intertwined histories of the United States and Mexico.
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