Social Responsibility Policies Research Articles

How Does Organizational Leadership Promote Pro-Environmental Behavior? A Moderated Mediation Model of Environmental Corporate Social Responsibility Policies

Pro-environmental behaviors have been confirmed as an essential source of sustainable development. However, there is limited research exploring its antecedents from the perspective of organizational management mechanisms (e.g., environmental leadership). This article draws on upper-echelon and self-consistency theories to explain why environmental leadership induces environmental corporate social responsibility policy adoption, which causes employees’ environmental behavior. In addition, the relationship is mediated by environmental identity. This article collected empirical data from 101 technology firm employees, and the results support all hypotheses. Finally, this article addresses a new research stream of leadership concerning pro-environmental behaviors. It demonstrates a novel pathway to promote pro-environmental behaviors through adopting environmental corporate social responsibility policies, which guides a new research direction in terms of environmental organization behaviors.

Impact of green financing on CSR and environmental policies and procedures

Despite increasing global attention towards sustainable development, the empirical linkage between green financing and the enhancement of environmental and social governance (ESG) practices within industries remains underexplored. This study investigates the influence of green financing on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and environmental policies and procedures in 40 Chinese industries from 2010 to 2020. By employing a baseline regression and a difference-in-differences methodology, this paper aims to quantify the extent to which green financing initiatives have impacted CSR activities and the adoption of rigorous environmental policies and procedures in the Chinese industrial sector. The results indicate that industries with access to green financing have shown significant improvements in their CSR engagements and the stringency of their environmental policies and procedures compared to those without such financial incentives. Specifically, the difference-in-differences analysis reveals a positive and statistically significant effect of green financing on the adoption of more stringent environmental policies and the enhancement of CSR practices. We identify the specific areas within CSR and environmental policies that are most influenced by green financing. We assess the effectiveness of green financing as a tool for promoting sustainable industrial practices. The analysis utilizes a comprehensive dataset, including industry-specific financing and ESG performance indicators, to conduct a longitudinal assessment over the decade in question. Based on these findings, the study concludes with a policy implication that emphasizes the critical role of green financing as a catalyst for improving CSR and environmental standards in industries. It suggests that policymakers and financial institutions should consider expanding green financing mechanisms to accelerate the transition towards more sustainable industrial practices.

Deconstructing the applications of CSR policies in Indian coal mining sector

Purpose This study aims to comprehensively analyse the implementation and effectiveness of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies within the context of the Indian coal mining sector. Furthermore, it investigates the alignment between CSR initiatives and the unique challenges faced by the coal mining sector and examines the outcomes and impacts of these initiatives on the employees of the sector and their perspective on the situation. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a comprehensive qualitative research method, including a review of the literature, case studies and stakeholder interviews. This study seeks to deconstruct the application of CSR policies. Findings The analysis developed a deeper understanding of the complexities surrounding CSR policies in the Indian coal mining sector, offering insights into strategies for enhancing the effectiveness and relevance of these initiatives while fostering sustainable development. Practical implications This study reveals a rich tapestry of theoretical implications and how they connect to important organisational and societal paradigms. The results of this qualitative analysis can work as a foundation for creating scales to measure the level of efficiency of CSR policies implemented by different companies. Furthermore, this study goes beyond theoretical knowledge and gives companies, regulators and communities information they can use. By looking at how CSR policies work in the real world, a road map for responsible resource extraction and community growth can be made. Originality/value The findings are unique in exploring the CSR initiatives and the unique challenges faced by the coal mining sector. This study offers insight on the employees of the sector and their perspectives on the situation and delves into the multifaceted dimensions of CSR practices.

Exploring the Role of Education and Professional Development in Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility Policies in the Banking Sector

Exploring the Role of Education and Professional Development in Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility Policies in the Banking Sector

Institutional view of corporate social responsibility in the Iranian context

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine how formal and informal institutions play a role in the Iranian context in shaping corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies and practices.Design/methodology/approachUsing a multiple case-study approach combining comparative and cross-sectional methods with semi-structured interviews, primary data was collected from eight corporations that actively participated in CSR activities in Iran. A microanalysis approach was used to examine the meanings and dynamics in the data. Through thematic analysis and pattern-matching techniques, the authors separately examined the roles of formal and informal institutions. Cross-case analysis was used to highlight the cases’ similarities and differences.FindingsThis study demonstrates that both formal and informal institutional structures exist in Iran and that both types influence CSR. This study also shows that informal institutions (such as personal values, culture, religion, traditions, charity and philanthropy) play a more explicit role than formal institutions (such as legal regulations and laws) in shaping CSR adoption policies and practices. The results indicate that, among institutions linked to CSR, formal and informal institutions are complementary and potentiate each other in Iran. Nevertheless, compared to formal ones, informal institutions play a more prominent role in shaping CSR policies and practices.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors recognize that, although the eight corporations are large, and although they interviewed their key personnel, they do not claim that these findings are generalizable, owing to the qualitative nature of the study and the small number of selected corporations.Originality/valueThis study makes relevant theoretical and empirical contributions. First, it contributes to the growing body of CSR literature that highlights the necessity of linking informal and formal institutions. Although the CSR literature lacks research on informal institutions in developing economies, researchers have yet to push forward and explore how the CSR adoption process works in developing economies that have influential informal institutions.

Social Policy and SCR Tools for Managing the Sustainable Development of Enterprises in the Corporate Sector

The research focuses on analyzing and reviewing of corporate social responsibility and social policy. The authors studied the works of domestic and foreign authors who were engaged in the analysis of these problems. The authors identified the factors that influence social policy, such as: political, demographic, medical, social, and others and categorized the typical descriptions of social policy research in the public and private sector. Special attention is paid to the authors’ interpretation of the concept of social and political involvement of the corporation. The authors determined the basic principles of development and implementation of social policy in accordance

Examining the integration of women's issues in the corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy of Coal India Limited

This paper examines efforts to integrate women's concerns into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programmes and policies in India's coal mining sector. This is achieved by taking into consideration the subsidiaries of the largest coal producing company in the country: Coal India Limited. The study finds that, in relation to the various categories that fall under CSR, expenditure on, as well as the nature and number of projects related to, women's welfare is underwhelming. In light of this, the management of Coal India Limited's subsidiaries are urged to prioritise the launching of CSR projects that address women's needs, and which broadly, focus on gender equality and empowerment.

The gender and culture effect on the CO2 emission empirical analysis.

In recent years, the world has been facing severe challenges from climate change and environmental issues, with carbon dioxide emissions being considered one of the main driving factors. Many studies have proven that activities in various industries and fields have a significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions. However, few studies have explored the impact of gender on carbon dioxide emissions. This study aims to explore the potential impact of gender diversity on carbon dioxide emissions in the boards of directors of developed and emerging market enterprises. In addition, we also analyzed how board cultural diversity affects carbon dioxide emissions. We searched two European indices provided by Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) from the Bloomberg database and conducted empirical analysis. We selected the MSCI index and MSCI emerging market index from 2010 to 2019 as samples and thoroughly cleaned up the data by removing any observations containing missing information on any variables. Statistical methods such as t-test, ordinary least squares, panel data analysis, regression analysis, and robustness testing were used for statistical analysis. At the same time, differential testing was conducted on sensitive and non-sensitive sectors, and the average representation of female boards in sensitive industries was low. The research results show that the proportion of female members on a company's board of directors is negatively correlated with carbon dioxide emissions. This discovery is consistent with the legitimacy theory advocating for gender equality and environmental sustainability, emphasizing the importance of gender diversity in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, agency theory suggests that diversity may lead to internal conflicts within a company, leading to agency costs and information asymmetry. The research results show a negative correlation between board cultural diversity and carbon dioxide emissions, indicating the potential challenge of board cultural diversity. This study provides important insights for decision-makers and managers, not only inspiring corporate social responsibility and environmental policy formulation, but also of great significance for academic research in the field of climate change. Our research findings help deepen our understanding of the factors that affect carbon dioxide emissions in different sectors and countries, while also expanding the research field between gender diversity, cultural diversity, and environmental sustainability. Although this study still needs to be further expanded and deepened, it provides useful insights into the relationship between board gender and cultural diversity and carbon dioxide emissions.

Evaluation of the Implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Policies in Dumai City, Riau Province, Indonesia

CSR as a form of corporate activity always demands social responsibility from companies. However, considering that the various types of CSR policies that currently exist have not been able to be implemented optimally by corporations, CSR policies need to be evaluated for systematic improvement. This research aims to determine the challenges companies face and how CSR policies can meet the policy evaluation criteria in Dumai City. This research uses qualitative research methods that explore challenges and evaluate CSR policies. Data analysis was conducted through the Nvivo 12 Plus application, sourced from interviews with each actor in Dumai City. This research found that the challenges companies face in CSR policies include the lack of a clear framework, lack of transparency and accountability, and difficulty balancing economic considerations with long-term needs. Then the evaluation of CSR policies in Dumai City is dominated by indicators of adequacy (21,62%) and equity (21,62%), followed by effectiveness (18,92%), responsiveness (16,22%), efficiency (13,51%), and accuracy (8.11%) which require optimal evaluation so that unclear rules regarding CSR policies can be improved systematically and able to achieve the important goals expected in the public sector.

Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance: A Relationship Mediated by Stakeholder Satisfaction

Research work on the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and financial performance has been going on for seven decades. Even when the prevailing studies are those that found a positive influence of social responsibility on financial performance, strong conclusive results are still unavailable. Some explanations for this situation are based, among other reasons, on the fact that the variables have a relation mediated by multiple factors. Additionally, it is still unknown whether the results obtained can be extrapolated to all types of companies since the majority of studies have focused on large companies listed on the stock exchange. This research studied how one of those factors (stakeholder satisfaction) mediated in companies of different sizes (including SMEs) and different types of companies (publicly listed companies or private ownership companies). A questionnaire was used, including indices relative to (1) the degree of development of the company’s social responsibility policies, (2) the changes in the satisfaction of four key stakeholders (employees, customers, suppliers, and shareholders) and financial performance (sales and profitability). Findings show the existence of a correlation between social responsibility and financial performance and also that such a relationship is mediated by the satisfaction of stakeholders. That relationship was also found to be independent of company sizes and the type of company This research work is intended to be a contribution towards that field of study, as it has detected a relationship between variables in medium-sized and private ownership companies.

Corporate social responsibility and tariff policy in a differentiated mixed duopoly

AbstractIn this paper, we assume that the domestic public firm competes in the market with a foreign private firm that cares about consumer surplus and the domestic government imposes tariffs on foreign firm. We aim to analyze the influence of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) level of foreign firm on privatization and tariff policy. It shows that if the government implements a privatization policy for the domestic public firm, the optimal degree of privatization decreases in the CSR level of foreign firm. Under the optimal privatization policy, if the product differentiation is relatively small, the equilibrium tariff increases in the CSR level; if the product differentiation is relatively large, the equilibrium tariff decreases in the CSR level; if the product differentiation is moderate, the relationship between the equilibrium tariff and CSR level is an inverted U‐shape. We further consider the policy implications under sequential moves of firms.

Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies and activities on Company Reputation and Employee Organizational Citizenship Behaviour: Evidence from Indicate the tourism industry

This research investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies on employee organizational citizenship behavior and business reputation within the travel and tourism sector. Through a comprehensive survey of 317 participants in tourism companies, the study employs Amos 25.0 and SPSS 25.0 software to construct a Hypothesis Testing Structural Equation Model, aligning with established methodologies. The results unequivocally demonstrate that CSR practices enhance a company’s reputation, subsequently fostering organizational citizenship behavior among employees. Notably, the intricate interplay among CSR policies, company reputation, and employee behavior is subject to moderation by specific factors. The findings underscore the nuanced dynamics shaping organizational behavior in the context of CSR initiatives. The study suggests potential avenues for future research, offering insights that contribute to both theoretical understanding and practical implications for businesses in the travel and tourism sector. This research advances our comprehension of the intricate relationships between CSR, business reputation, and employee behavior, providing a foundation for informed decision-making in corporate sustainability efforts.

Ethical Leadership and Corporate Social Responsibility: A Comprehensive Review

The topics of ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility (CSR) have become more prominent in the business domain. The topic related to moral authorities, the connection between corporate social responsibility (CSR), and commercial achievement has received considerable interest from both academic and organizational spheres in recent years. Indeed, a multitude of research articles and specialized journal issues have focused specifically on these three areas. This research provides a thorough evaluation of the concepts of moral leadership as well as corporate social responsibility (CSR) and their impact on company performance. This comprehensive review article analyses the fundamental principles, concepts, and empirical evidence pertaining to ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility (CSR). This research examines the correlation between ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies, investigating their impact on business performance, employee involvement, and society's welfare. The article also analyses the challenges and possible benefits of integrating ethical leadership and corporate social responsibility (CSR) into business strategies. This study aims to provide a thorough understanding of the significance of ethics and social responsibility in contemporary corporate management by integrating research from other disciplines.

Integration of Advanced Sri Practices Into the European Asset Management Industry: A Survey of Drivers

Sustainable and responsible investment (SRI) has experienced impressive growth in the last two decades. However, the adoption of advanced SRI strategies that go beyond the mere exclusion of companies or asset classes has not kept pace with this expansion, a critical development regarding its potential impact on sustainability. For this reason, this study aims to identify the main drivers for the adoption of advanced sustainable and responsible investment practices by asset management companies to know why and which companies better advance the strengthening of SRI in the European financial market considering an original combination of different SRI drivers. To investigate which factors seem to be more decisive in adopting more sophisticated SRI practices, we first conducted a survey among fund management companies that manage and/or distribute investment funds in Europe. Second, we used logistic and multivariate regressions as analytical tools for testing the hypotheses. Results show that societal pressures and a formal corporate social responsibility policy are the main drivers for adopting advanced SRI practices by asset management companies.

Aligning Social and Environmental Responsibility Policies Based on Creating Shared Value Concept: A Case Study at PT Petrokimia Gresik

This study investigates how companies can achieve a balance between economic profit and social/environmental responsibility through the Creating Shared Value (CSV) approach. PT Petrokimia Gresik serves as the subject of the research, analyzing its Social and Environmental Responsibility programs within the context of CSV. The research method employed an exploratory case study with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and a review of documents related to the implementation of Social and Environmental Responsibility programs in the company. Respondents, including internal company stakeholders, participated in interviews and FGDs. The findings revealed deficiencies in the formulation of Social and Environmental Responsibility programs, hindering alignment with the CSV concept. However, six existing programs have moved toward the CSV concept by providing economic and social/environmental benefits, aligning with the company's short- and long-term strategies. These findings underscore the importance of adjusting company policies to be more integrated with CSV principles to achieve more optimal success in fulfilling social and environmental responsibilities while obtaining economic gains. Keywords: Creating Shared Value, Social and Environmental Responsibility, PT Petrokimia Gresik Studi ini menyelidiki bagaimana perusahaan dapat mencapai keseimbangan antara keuntungan ekonomi dan tanggung jawab sosial/lingkungan melalui pendekatan Creating Shared Value (CSV). PT Petrokimia Gresik menjadi subjek penelitian yang menganalisis program-program Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan dalam konteks CSV. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi kasus eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan tinjauan dokumen terkait pelaksanaan program-program Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan di perusahaan. Responden, termasuk pihak internal perusahaan, terlibat dalam wawancara dan FGD. Temuan menunjukkan kekurangan dalam penyusunan program Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan, yang menghambat keselarasan dengan konsep CSV. Namun, enam program yang ada telah menuju konsep CSV dengan memberikan manfaat ekonomi dan sosial/lingkungan, sejalan dengan strategi jangka pendek dan panjang perusahaan. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penyesuaian kebijakan perusahaan agar lebih terintegrasi dengan prinsip-prinsip CSV guna mencapai kesuksesan yang lebih optimal dalam memenuhi tanggung jawab sosial dan lingkungan sambil memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi. Kata kunci: Creating Shared Value, Tanggung Jawab Sosial dan Lingkungan, PT Petrokimia Gresik

Gender pay gap in the Czech Republic: focused on management

The existence of a gender pay gap is well known. This paper focuses on the issue of the pay gap in managerial positions. It aims to examine the development of the gender pay gap in managerial positions in the Czech Republic and to identify the unexplained part of the gender pay gap, which could be an indication of gender pay discrimination. To estimate the unexplained part of the gender pay gap data from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) was used and the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition was applied. The results show that in the period 2005-2019, the average raw gender pay gap in management was 0.22 and the unexplained part was 0.13, using the Neumark’s variant of the decomposition. Differences in women’s and men’s personal and firm characteristics could explain about one-third of the pay gap. The results also suggest that the situation has not changed much over the period considered and that the unexplained part of the gender pay gap has decreased only slightly between 2005 and 2019. Thus, reducing the gender pay gap remains a major challenge for both economic policy makers and companies in promoting corporate social responsibility policies.

Russian-Ukrainian War, BRICS+ & Global Markets: New Management Competitive Landscapes

The Russian-Ukrainian war introduced new elements into the strategic management of large global corporations. Recently, the marketplace of international companies has found a specific growth element, defined in the so-called BRICS+, that is changing competitive horizons and developing new models of management. In global markets, the managerial economics imposes an adaptive policy of corporate social responsibility, dominated by economic sustainability and eco-responsibility, with corporate conduct that is not always truthful and effective. From the beginning of 2010s and up to these 2020 years, a fifth phase of globalization (Competitive Landscapes Globalization) produced a structural change of competitive horizons, with policies of innovation and imitation focused on oversize management, the obsessive task of cost reductions, the worldwide localization of productions based on alliances, joint ventures and accords, that have developed multi-polar network organizations.

The role of corporate social responsibility as a moderating factor in influencing bank performance in Indonesia

An important factor in increasing public trust in banks is to show bank performance, so it is necessary to know the factors that influence bank performance. Therefore, it is important to attract the attention of bank management. This study aims to determine the factors influencing bank performance by using social responsibility as a moderating variable. This study involved 20 banks in Indonesia and used a quantitative approach. Secondary data sources were used for data collection and analyzed using a regression equation model. The results show that non-performing loans and bank size have no effect on bank performance. Meanwhile, loan-to-deposit ratio and corporate social responsibility have a positive effect at the 1% significance level. The results of testing the moderation effect obtained t-statistic values of –0.365 and –4.269. These results show that social responsibility has a negative effect, does not moderate the relationship between non-performing loans and bank performance, but has a negative effect, moderating the relationship between the loan-to-deposit ratio and bank performance. These findings have policy implications for bank performance through the implementation of corporate social responsibility policies. AcknowledgmentsThe authors would like to thank the DPPMP of Stikubank University for supporting the funding of this research. Thanks also to the NGEJUS - FEB Unisbank team who helped provide the facilities needed for this study.

Policy Development Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) based on Village Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Bukit Batu District Bengkalis Regency

Current Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) policies are often judged to be less targeted and unsustainable, causing disappointment to the community and government. In order for this CSR policy to be right on target and sustainable, then it needs to be based on the policy of accelerating the achievement of the Village Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Bengkalis Regency currently has one large company, namely PT. Pertamina Sungai Pakning which is committed to the implementation of CSR. The company has made a CSR policy from 2014, but this CSR policy has not been based on the Village SDGs. The purpose of this study is to develop CSR policies based on Village SDGs in order to assist villages in accelerating the achievement of national development goals. This study uses a qualitative method. The results of the study found that the development of CSR policies can be formulated using an incremental policy model by maintaining the fields of education, health, the environment and adding several fields, namely the economic, social, institutional and technological fields which have implications for the objectives of the Village SDGs. This policy can be realized through charity programs, infrastructure, capacity building, and community empowerment.

CORPORATE CHARACTERISTICS ON FIRM VALUES WITH MODERATION OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

This study aims to analyze the moderating role of good corporate governance with the interaction of earning management, corporate social responsibility and debt policy on firm value in the perspective of agency theory and signaling theory. This study used a purposive sampling method with a total sample of 65 go public companies registered with The Indonesian Institute of Corporate Governance in the form of the corporate governance perception index (CGPI) for the period 2019 - 2021. The hypothesis test used is multiple regression analysis with an interaction moderation model. The results of the study prove that earning management has no effect on firm value, CSR has a positive effect on firm value, debt policy has a negative effect on change values, good corporate governance has not been proven to strengthen the effect of earning management on firm value, good corporate governance has been shown to strengthen the effect of CSR on firm value. company. On the other hand, good corporate governance is proven to weaken debt policy on firm value.