Policy Discipline Research Articles

Budget Implementation and Socio-Economic Development in Akwa Ibom State

This study examined the influence of the implementation of the annual budget on the socio-economic sector of the state with emphasis on education & health. It was observed that in most states of the federation, the factors responsible for budget failures included but were not limited to budget indiscipline, lack of accountability, inadequate oversight functions on the side of lawmakers, and untimely release of funds, amongst others. It was the objective of this study to establish how the implementation of annual budgets in Akwa Ibom State has impacted the level of secondary and primary healthcare delivery in the State as well as the educational facilities in Akwa Ibom State. To achieve the above objectives, the survey research design was employed to gather data from a large population through the instrumentality of the research questionnaire. Hard data were also obtained from the state’s budget office. To explain this study, the Elite Preference Model which is a variant of the Elite Theory was employed. The findings of this study revealed that the implementation of the budget had a significant negative relationship with secondary and primary healthcare delivery and the attainment of educational services/facilities in Akwa Ibom State. Given the above findings, it was recommended amongst others that, as a matter of policy, budget discipline should be enforced in all its three dimensions, namely, numerical discipline, timing discipline and policy discipline. It was also recommended that a target budgeting strategy should be adopted by the Akwa Ibom State government.

A METHODOLOGICAL LOOK AT THE RECENT HISTORY OF THE SOCIAL POLICY DISCIPLINE

This research has been discussed in order to shed light on the recent history of the social policy discipline. In this context, it is aimed to methodologically examine the studies published in the field of social policy in recent years, to reveal their current situations and trends, to contribute to new road maps and social policy literature for researchers. In the research, the document analysis technique, one of the qualitative research method patterns, was used. The scope of the research consists of a total of 226 articles published in the Journal of Social Policy Conferences, between 2011 and 2013. Articles within the scope of the research; Type, method, sample size, sample group, data collection tools, data analysis and keywords will be systematically analyzed. The findings obtained by using percentage and frequency values in the analysis of the data will be presented with tables and figures.

Private equity firms and industrial policy: elaborating the state-finance nexus in state-led markets

ABSTRACT Under what conditions can the state discipline private equity firms into delivering the investment required to meet the coming needs of industrial transformation? States have sought to crowd in private capital to finance industrial development, but the results have so far been less than satisfactory. Prevailing accounts of financial industry power largely characterise an arms-length state-finance relationship that has unfolded in private-led markets where private equity firms have contributed to the secular growth in non-productive economic activity. This article problematises the assumption of private-led markets and argues that state-led markets present a counterfactual in which the disbursement of public money entails strict policy discipline and tight embedding between the state and private equity firms, which provides the conditions for them to emerge as unlikely champions of industrial policy. Two cases of co-investment between Chinese and European sovereign wealth funds demonstrate the power dynamics at play. Where PE firms in the Sino-Irish co-investment facilitated the international scaling of Irish firms in China, the PE firms operating in Europe failed to embed Chinese firms into regional supply chains in the Sino-Belgian co-investment.

Does openness of articles get higher attention in altmetric? An investigation of medical discipline

Purpose This paper aimed to explore the presence of altmetric data across the sub-categories of the medical science discipline and also explore whether the openness of articles results in (dis)advantage for altmetrics mentions. Design/methodology/approach The research implies data carpentry methods for gathering bibliographic data related to narrow fields of medical science discipline from the Scopus database with at least one Indian author affiliation during 2012–2021. The corresponding data were also collected from three different sources: Altmetric.com, Mendeley.com and Unpaywall.org, using OpenRefine and REST/API calls. Further, the authors observed open access altmetric advantages (OAAA) and categorical OAAA (COAAA) across seven altmetric platforms for all articles as well as discipline-wise. Findings The result shows that the overall coverage of altmetric events is still low, but it shows an increasing trend from the past. Mendeley has the largest coverage; almost 97.12% of publications are covered. The health policy discipline has extensive coverage across altmetric platforms (nearly 57.40% of publications in altmetrics and 99.23% in Mendeley), whereas the drug guides has the lowest (almost 0.92% in Altmetrics and 77.05% in Mendeley). Moreover, the OA articles have been highly covered in altmetrics than those of non-OA articles, and bronze OA articles covered mostly compared to others. News registered with the significant OA altmetric advantages across disciplines. Categorically, bronze and hybrid OA have the largest altmetric advantages. Originality/value This research is a unique attempt to apply OAAA and COAAA to explore OA altmetric advantages of narrow subject categories of medical science disciplines.

Examine private school policies in Turkey in terms of public policy discipline

The aim of this study is to examine private school policies in Turkey in terms of public policy discipline. In the study, private schools were examined in the context of public policy process analysis in five stages, "agenda setting, policy formulation, enactment, implementation, evaluation". Research data was analyzed through document analysis, which is one of the qualitative research analysis methods. The documents examined for the collection of data in this research consist of the Council of National Education, Government Programs, the law and regulations. According to the results obtained from the research findings; the establishment of private schools in Turkey dates back to the Ottoman Empire and it has been determined that this trend continued after the proclamation of the Republic, especially after the 1980s, when neo-liberal policies began to be implemented. In addition, it has been determined that the decisions of the Ministry of National Education Council and the Government Programs are effective in the formation of private school policies in Turkey. It should not be forgotten that the formulated education policies should not only focus on the increase in quantity, but also should be prepared to increase the quality in education.

Public Policy Discipline in Turkish Literature (2015-2020): Trends, Techniques, Preferences

Kamu politikası disiplini Türkiye'de son yıllarda ön planda olan bir çalışma alanıdır. Disiplinin yakın bir döneminürünü olup olmamasına ilişkin tartışmaların yanı sıra çalışma ve analizlerin hangi ülke veya koşullardayaygınlaşacağına yönelik tartışmalar söz konusudur. Bu çerçevede bu çalışmanın amacı kamu politikasıdisiplininin Türkçe olarak gelişim seyrini çalışmaların derinleşme durumunu da dikkate alarak incelemektir.Disiplinin Türkiye özelinde gelişim sürecinin incelenmesi ve bu gelişmenin devam edeceği varsayımı çalışmanınçıkış noktasıdır. Çalışmanın örneklemini 2015-2020 yılları arasında üç farklı veri tabanında (TÜBİTAKULAKBİM TR Dizin Veri Tabanı, ULAKBİM DergiPark Sistemi ve Google Scholar) yayınlanan makaleleroluşturmaktadır. Çalışmalar makale sayısı, anahtar kelimelerin bulut analizi, görgül ve derleme çalışma konuları,kullanılan teknikler, uygulama alanlarının incelenme durumu, yabancı kaynak kullanımı ve kullanılan dillerçerçevesinde metin madenciliği araçları ile analiz edilmiş ve bulgular sunulmuştur. Sonuç olarak bulgulardanhareketle disiplinin Türkiye özelinde gelişimi ve derinleşmesine ilişkin değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.

Emotional labor & COVID-19: MPA program director perspectives

ABSTRACT Emotional labor refers to the management and regulation of emotions as part of one’s professional role. This research is one of the first to provide insight into the role of emotional labor during a global pandemic for Master of Public Administration (MPA) Program directors. Our paper both replicates and extends previous work in emotional labor through examining survey data from 92 MPA Directors. Using emotional labor as our descriptive framework, the findings suggest gender and academic rank indicate whose workload has been affected during the coronavirus pandemic. Furthermore, the results indicate the likelihood of greater burdens experienced by women, both white women and women of color. Our findings offer additional understanding about how emotional labor continues to impact certain populations within our public administration and policy discipline, sounding the alarm for MPA programs to address the problems at hand.

Developing Grounded Theory Systematic Approach for Public Policy Researches

This paper seeks to facilitate the use of grounded theory (GT) methodology by novice researchers and PhD students of public policy discipline. The GT is widely used in social sciences research. This methodology has different variations, while Strauss and Corbin’s systematic approach is more pragmatic than others due to the introduction of a staged process known as axial coding. Regarding the fact that applying this method is largely dependent on the context of the research area, the main question is, what would be the elements of a systematic approach specifically customized for the public policy research domain? This paper is an analytical review of the research literature in 3 areas: variants of grounded theory approaches, soft systems models in social science, and public policy subsystem elements. This research suggests the use of 6 categories of context and discourse, content and ideas, participants, structure, policy process, and outputs and effects as a substitute for the three categories of Strauss and Corbin’s axial coding paradigm of GT.

The Effectiveness of Indicators of Financial Discipline in Strengthening the Exchange Rate, with a Special Reference to Iraq

Controlling public expenditures is one of the main objectives of the public budget. The public budget often suffers from a deficit, whether in developed or developing countries, because expenditures are usually greater than the revenues generated. This requires the existence of financial rules that are adhered to by the government, which in turn leads to discipline. Fiscal policy leads to a reduction in the obligations incumbent on the government. Adhering to the financial rules would correct the course of fiscal policy in Iraq, with the need to direct oil revenues in the years of financial abundance when global oil prices rise to sovereign funds similar to other rentier countries, which contributes to maintaining the stability of the exchange rate and reducing dependence on The Central Bank. It performs monetary sterilization operations to sterilize the negative effects resulting from the lack of fiscal policy discipline, which negatively affects the foreign currency reserves and depletes them. The main conclusion reached by the research is that there is a state of financial indiscipline that has negatively affected the Iraqi dinar exchange rate, and that the attempts of the Central Bank of Iraq have partially worked to reduce the negative effects of the expansionary financial policy, and the main recommendation of the research was to work to achieve more discipline in fiscal policy in order to reduce the state of economic instability and mitigate the monetary sterilization policy by The Central Bank and the accompanying depletion of hard currency

What Exactly Is Marketing and Public Policy? Insights forJPPMResearchers

In this article for the 40th Anniversary of the Journal of Public Policy & Marketing ( JPPM), the authors first share what is meant by “policy,” “public policy,” and “marketing and public policy” for researchers in our field. The authors then offer examples of JPPM research informing policy across different stages of the policy-making process: problem identification, agenda setting, policy formulation, budgeting, implementation, and evaluation. They also discuss important sources of public policy (e.g., federal, state, and international agencies; self-regulation; the courts; nonprofits; society; industry standards; company policies; personal ethics) and their role in the marketing and public policy process. The authors then offer JPPM application examples (consumer protection; antitrust/competition; vulnerability; diversity, equity, and inclusion; nutrition labeling; addiction, cannabis, and antidrug research; tobacco warning labeling and education; and privacy and technology) and share ideas for developing research that contributes to the marketing and public policy discipline and in making a positive difference in society and people's lives.

The Uncommon Defense Policy: History, Evolution, and Future Directions

AbstractThe United States Constitution requires the government “to provide for the common defense.” As a prime topic featured prominently throughout the legislative blueprint of American society, the “common defense” is conspicuously uncommon in today’s policy scholarship and education. Ironically, the policy discipline largely ignores defense issues despite defense serving as the catalyst for establishing policy studies as an academic field in the 1940s. Through decades of military conflict since and obvious relevance to practitioner behavior, defense issues remain ironically absent the public policy scholarly landscape and are instead hosted primarily within strategic and security studies mediums. This article offers an historical examination of the evolution, development, and scholarly shifts in defense policy over time. It also presents perceived reasons for the lack of defense policy dialogue, recommends approaches to reintegrate the topic back into the scholarly discourse, and concludes arguing defense policy warrants greater attention in academic scholarship and teaching.

Impact of fiscal integration on eurozone members (The case of Slovakia)

The eurozone is both a unique project and an unprecedented case in the history of monetary unions. It has the characteristic of a single monetary policy but with sixteen national fiscal policies. The national fiscal policy measures that are aimed at compensating for the absence of a more complete fiscal union have been orientated mainly toward domestic fiscal policy and follow domestic fiscal policy discipline. The aim of the paper is to outline polemical views on fiscal integration, identify potential forms of deeper fiscal integration and simulate its impact on the integration of the Slovak economy using the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. The collected evidence shows that either deeper fiscal integration taking the form of transfers or a common European tax would be beneficial for the eurozone Member States. Member States would thus have a tool to address unexpected developments in and asymmetric shocks to the eurozone.

From social policy to labour economics and industrial relations in Turkey: a critical history of an academic discipline

ABSTRACT Departments of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations in Turkey have their roots in social policy education in the Turkish university system dating back to a pre-republican (1923) period. The social policy discipline, which was influenced by the German and in part by the French approaches during its establishment, has over time been exposed to intense Americanization efforts, which led to the creation of departments of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations. The paper analyses this transformation in two dimensions. The first dimension is related to the historical development of the institutionalization process. The second is that under whose influence was this institutionalization process shaped? It argues that Labour Economics and Industrial Relations as an academic discipline has come to be represented by two different traditions involving four generations of academics.

Formação e participação política do bibliotecário

El objetivo del estudio es identificar la concepción de los alumnos de Biblioteconomía de la Universidad Federal de Goiás – Brasil sobre lo que son políticas públicas, el conocimiento que poseen sobre participación política y su relación con el área. El estudio es un abordaje cualitativo y en cuanto a los objetivos es exploratorio. Se utilizó como lócus de observación la enseñanza en la disciplina de Políticas Públicas en el área social, cultural y educacional del curso. El instrumento aplicado para la recolección de datos fue un cuestionario con preguntas abiertas a 25 alumnos. Para la comprensión de datos fue utilizada la técnica de análisis de contenido. Los resultados muestran que los alumnos comprenden las políticas públicas como acciones y decisiones políticas que provienen de demandas. El Estado aparece como el que resuelve los problemas de la colectividad por medio de acciones. Sobre participación política se observaron dos nociones de participación: una centrada en la participación en los momentos electorales, al acto políticos como lócus de participación y otra más conceptual en torno a la apropiación consciente del sujeto sobre sus actos y la forma como actúa en y para el mundo. A pesar de comprender lo que son políticas públicas y participación política, aún no logran pensar la actuación política del campo de Biblioteconomía, que es promover sentido informacional a la actuación del área.

Two decades after Korpi and Palme’s “paradox of redistribution”: What have we learned so far and where do we take it from here?

AbstractOver two decades ago, Korpi and Palme (1998) published one of the most influential papers in the history of social policy discipline, in which they put forward a “paradox of redistribution”: the more countries target welfare resources exclusively at the poor, the less redistribution is actually achieved and the less income inequality and poverty are reduced. The current paper provides a state-of-the-art review of empirical research into that paradox. More specifically, we break down the paradox into seven core assumptions, which together form a causal chain running from institutional design to redistributive outcomes. For each causal assumption, we offer a comprehensive and critical review of the relevant empirical literature, also including a broader range of studies that do not aim to address Korpi and Palme’s paradox per se, but are nevertheless informative about it.

Fiscal Policy and Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria

The study analyzed the effect of fiscal policy on foreign direct investment as well as the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on economic growth in Nigeria over the period of 1981-2017. The main type of data used in this study is secondary; sourced from various publications of Central Bank of Nigeria, such as; Statistical Bulletin and Annual Reports. The regression analysis of the co-integration is the estimation technique that is being employed in this study to determine the relationship between and impact of the fiscal policy on Foreign Direct Investment as well as the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on economic growth. The findings revealed that corporate income tax as fiscal indicators has a positive effect on foreign direct investment and government expenditure as a fiscal indicator has a negative effect on foreign direct investment. It also revealed that foreign direct investment have a significant impact on economic growth, it is further revealed that corporate income tax and interest rate and exchange rate have a negative and significant relationship on economic growth. Government expenditure and inflation have a positive and significant relationship impact on economic growth. This implies that foreign direct investment is an engine of economic growth. The paper recommended that the government should ensure a strict fiscal policy discipline and also government need to demonstrate high level of commitment to selectively choosing investors so as to favor the economy and not investor's selfish interest as this will promote economic growth. The project work is further recommended for further study.

Capacity and conditions for choice: managing Canada’s international economic policy relations in an unstable world

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the challenges facing Canada’s efforts to manage its economic relationships within and beyond North America while retaining some degree of discretion – the “capacity for choice.” It assesses the evolution of Canada’s international trade and investment policy relations since the 1980s, particularly in the context of major trade negotiations conducted since 2009 and ongoing economic relations with China. It suggests that while geography, economics, and culture will enforce the primacy of North American relationships, Canada’s capacity to take advantage of available opportunities will depend on domestic policy discipline, the deliberate expansion of policy capacity for managing key relationships outside North America without neglecting engagement with the United States, and incentive structures for internal and external cooperation in particular policy fields.

What Makes OIRA Work: A Commentary on Jim Tozzi’s “Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs: Past, Present, and Future”

Jim Tozzi has for several decades been among the most dedicated and perceptive commentators on the White House Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). Indeed, Tozzi is arguably better suited than anyone to be the keeper of the OIRA flame: from his position in charge of the Office of Regulatory and Information Policy, OIRA’s predecessor organization, Tozzi contributed to the development of Executive Order (EO) 12291 and then stepped in as OIRA’s first Deputy Administrator. Since that time, he has been a steadfast defender of OIRA’s critical role in bringing rigorous analysis, quality control, and policy discipline to Executive Branch regulation. I share Tozzi’s view, and indeed that of all former OIRA officials I have spoken with, of OIRA’s importance to the regulatory state. Preservation of the strength and independence of the office is to me the principal criterion by which policy proposals that effect OIRA should be judged.

Maldives

Maldives’ growth performance over the last decade has been strong, but the outlook has become more uncertain. The slowdown in growth in 2000 is likely to prove temporary and a rebound is expected in 2001 . Medium-term prospects are generally favorable, provided policy discipline is restored within a consistent macroeconomic policy framework, and inflationary pressures  arising from the recent devaluation are contained.

Punctuating the equilibrium: A lens to understand energy and environmental policy changes

Punctuating the equilibrium: A lens to understand energy and environmental policy changes