Public Policy Research Articles

Confronting the Problems of Professional Sports: A Public Policy Response to Franchise Relocation and Stadium Subsidization

During the past decade, forty-six professional sports venues were constructed in the United States, while only 16 expansion teams were created by the major sports leagues. Nearly two thirds of these newly built stadiums and arenas were funded with public tax revenues, despite substantial evidence showing no positive economic impact of new sports stadium construction on local communities. In reviewing the economic literature, this article investigates the role of professional sports organizations in the construction and public subsidization of new sports venues. Franchise relocation and public stadium subsidization is a direct result of the monopoly power of professional sports leagues, whose franchise owners extract large subsidies from their host communities by threatening to relocate to viable alternative locations. After explaining how the most common methods of stadium subsidization project a disproportionate allocation of the benefits and costs of hosting a professional team to local community interests, this article outlines several considerations for local policymakers who seek to reinvigorate public discussion of equity concerns in professional sports finance.

State, public policy and care: a methodology for the analysis of state policy on care

In this article, a methodological proposal for the analysis of the state’s actions on care is developed. We consider care as a way of inhabiting the world, and from this conception, we further argue it is a way of governing. Then, we elaborate on some considerations on the state’s field of action in care matters. Next, we propose a methodology to identify and classify those state actions that can be considered care actions. Finally, we exemplify its use with the Mexican federal budget of 2022. We find that care policies receive only 0.4 per cent of the total budget.

Why policy failure is a prerequisite for innovation in the public sector

Researchers and practitioners agree that collaborative innovation is crucial for problem-solving in public policy. This article contributes to our understanding of innovation in public governance, by arguing that failure in public policy is often a prerequisite for successful policy learning and innovation. Using insights from the ‘Innovator’s Dilemma’ – a theory from business studies – to develop its argument, the article emphasises how voter myopia (Nair and Howlett, 2017) plus blame avoidance by decision-makers and ill-structured policy issues, create an ‘Innovator’s Dilemma’ that produces failure before successful innovation. The article compares this theory with other concepts of innovation in the public sector and theorises different pathways to successful policy innovation. It concludes that decision-makers need to take the Innovator’s Dilemma more seriously and integrate its lessons into existing innovation models designed for the public sector.

The relative effects of diversity on collective learning in local collaborative networks in Belgium

Collaborative networks are horizontal settings of public governance that enhance interactions between a diversity of actors (for example, civil servants, companies or citizens). They can help cross-cutting public policies (for example, climate policies) to gain coherence and become more innovative. To do so, collective learning, defined as the broadened and mutual understanding of public issues arising out of repeated social interactions, is critical but not spontaneous. In particular, the diversity of participants creates learning opportunities that do not necessarily transform into concrete learning. So, how does diversity lead to collective learning in collaborative networks? To address this research question, this article researched two collaborative networks within the city administration of Schaerbeek (Belgium). Based on semistructured interviews, mental models were used to assess collective learning, and social network analysis was performed to understand the structure of interactions between diverse members. The findings show that the influence of diversity on collective learning was contingent on the collaborative network, but fostered by social interactions, with noticeable links between formal and informal interactions. From these findings, the article makes three scholarly contributions. First, it deepens our understanding of collective learning, with a focus on the development of shared understandings as a condition of consensus formation. Second, it builds on psychology and resource management research to assess collective learning through mental models, and provides a new approach to the measurement of policy learning. Third, it contributes to the debate on the implications of different inclusion levels and conditions for the results of collaborative governance and their transformation in policy innovations.

Molecular methods for diagnosis of monkeypox: A mini-review.

Monkeypox is a global public health issue caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV). As of October 28, 2022, a total of 77,115 laboratory-confirmed cases and 3,610 probable cases, including 36 deaths, were reported, with 9,070 cases reported in Brazil, the second most affected country. The need to develop national technologies for the rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population is evident, as observed in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. With that in mind, this article provides an overview of current methods, techniques, and their applications in the molecular detection of monkeypox, focusing the search on real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and polymerase chain reaction-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCR-ELISA). The relevant documents or papers covered in this study were selected by a search in international bibliographic databases. The search terms used in the databases were aimed at summarizing existing knowledge on molecular diagnostic methods, such as monkeypox; MPX, MPXV, qPCR, PCR, PCR-ELISA, diagnosis and detection searched separately or together using the Boolean operator "AND" either in the title or abstract. The searches took place in September 2022, and the corresponding articles were selected between 2012 and 2022. We found 256 documents in total and twelve studies addressing the molecular diagnosis of monkeypox were classified as possible sources for this review. It is evident there is a pressing need to develop national technologies for rapid diagnosis of emerging diseases for mass testing of the population. It is also extremely important to have national detection kits with greater diagnostic capacity to assist in developing effective public policies in countries affected by this disease.

Athafnafólk í opinberri stefnumótun á óvissutímum: Hvernig hugmyndin um notendastýrða persónulega aðstoð varð að veruleika á Íslandi

Þessi rannsókn leitast við að útskýra tímamótaákvörðun í þjónustu við fatlað fólk á Íslandi. Opinber stefnumótun hefur löngum einkennst af hægfara breytingum, sem gerast í smáum skrefum. Stundum bregður þó svo við að meiriháttar breytingar verða og stefnumál, sem verið hefur baráttumál hagsmunahópa um margra ára skeið, ná fram að ganga. Dagskrárkenningar leitast við að útskýra meiriháttar stefnubreytingar með því m.a. að beina athyglinni að því hvernig og hvers vegna tiltekin málefni koma til kasta stjórnvalda á hverju tíma. Bandaríski stjórnmálafræðingurinn, John W. Kingdon, setti fyrst fram kenningu sína um straumana þrjá og glugga tækifæranna fyrir rúmum 30 árum. Nýlegar rannsóknir evrópskra stjórnmálafræðinga halda því nú fram að nálgun Kingdons geti varpað ljósi á það hvernig það pólitíska kerfi sem stefnumótunin fer fram í virkar og hvernig hegðun og aðferðir þátttakenda í ferlinu hafa áhrif. Í þessari eigindlegu rannsókn er skoðað hvernig hugmyndin um notendastýrða persónulega aðstoð (NPA) varð að veruleika á Íslandi. Rannsóknin byggir á fyrirliggjandi gögnum og viðtölum við lykilfólk um þá framvindu mála sem leiddi til ákvörðunar um að innleiða NPA hér á landi. Rannsóknin lýsir því hvernig og undir hvaða kringumstæðum NPA komst á dagskrá stjórnvalda. Niðurstöðurnar sýna hvernig breytingar á verkaskiptingu milli ríkis og sveitarfélaga gáfu tækifæri fyrir nýja hugmyndafræði sem nýttist bæði notendum, viðskiptahagsmunum og pólitískum hagsmunum. Niðurstöðurnar benda til þess að þar hafi ekki aðeins verið réttur maður á réttum stað á réttum tíma, heldur varpa þær fræðilegu ljósi á það hvað einkennir athafnafólk í opinberri stefnumótun og hvernig og hvers vegna það skiptir máli á óvissutímum í stjórnmálum.

Evaluating guideline and registration policies among neurology journals: a cross-sectional analysis

BackgroundNeurological disorders have had a substantial rise the last three decades, imposing substantial burdens on both patients and healthcare costs. Consequently, the demand for high-quality research has become crucial for exploring effective treatment options. However, current neurology research has some limitations in terms of transparency, reproducibility, and reporting bias. The adoption of reporting guidelines (RGs) and trial registration policies has been proven to address these issues and improve research quality in other medical disciplines. It is unclear the extent to which these policies are being endorsed by neurology journals. Therefore, our study aims to evaluate the publishing policies of top neurology journals regarding RGs and trial registration.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, neurology journals were identified using the 2021 Scopus CiteScore Tool. The top 100 journals were listed and screened for eligibility for our study. In a masked, duplicate fashion, investigators extracted data on journal characteristics, policies on RGs, and policies on trial registration using information from each journal’s Instruction for Authors webpage. Additionally, investigators contacted journal editors to ensure information was current and accurate. No human participants were involved in this study. Our data collection and analyses were performed from December 14, 2022, to January 9, 2023.ResultsOf the 356 neurology journals identified, the top 100 were included into our sample. The five-year impact of these journals ranged from 50.844 to 2.226 (mean [SD], 7.82 [7.01]). Twenty-five (25.0%) journals did not require or recommend a single RG within their Instructions for Authors webpage, and a third (33.0%) did not require or recommend clinical trial registration. The most frequently mentioned RGs were CONSORT (64.6%), PRISMA (52.5%), and ARRIVE (53.1%). The least mentioned RG was QUOROM (1.0%), followed by MOOSE (9.0%), and SQUIRE (17.9%).ConclusionsWhile many top neurology journals endorse the use of RGs and trial registries, there are still areas where their adoption can be improved. Addressing these shortcomings leads to further advancements in the field of neurology, resulting in higher-quality research and better outcomes for patients.

Scholarship of Teaching and Learning Research in Communication Sciences and Disorders Journals: An Exploratory Survey of the Recent Literature.

Inspired by a preliminary survey of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) literature conducted by Friberg et al. (2014), the current study aimed to expand the original study's findings-that SoTL was rarely published in the communication sciences and disorders (CSD) literature from 2009 to 2013-to the subsequent 8-year period (2014-2021). The latter period was of particular relevance considering the dissolution of one American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)-affiliated publication and the addition of another non-ASHA-affiliated publication during that time. Ten peer-reviewed CSD journals and the articles published in them were identified via a survey of the literature that used narrowly defined criteria developed in collaboration with a librarian. Five trained CSD graduate student raters compared a definition of SoTL to article abstracts to determine whether each should have been categorized as SoTL. Part 1 of the study investigated an 8-year time span, Part 2 investigated the remaining nine journals in the subsequent 5 years, and Part 3 investigated publication rates of SoTL in Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders (TLCSD) alone. Part 1 of the study revealed that publication rates of SoTL were extremely low in the 10 surveyed CSD journals in the 8-year time span investigated. A similar and diminishing trend was found in Part 2. Even smaller percentages of journals were dedicated to SoTL. Part 3 confirmed that relatively large amounts of CSD-specific SoTL have been published in TLCSD since its inception in 2017. As of 2021, SoTL articles continued to be uncommonly published in CSD journals. Until recently, scholarly teachers attempting to apply SoTL in the classroom had limited resources. Beginning in 2017, TLCSD has provided an outlet for SoTL, whereas other CSD journals seem to have published less of it. Reform of publication, peer review, tenure, and promotion policies and procedures is called for so that SoTL might be included as a valid scientific endeavor.

Exploring the willingness and evolutionary process of public participation in community shared energy storage projects: Evidence from four first-tier cities in China

Community shared energy storage projects (CSES) are a key initiative for maintaining grid stability in the process of advancing the low-carbon transition of energy systems. Understanding the public's willingness to participate is fundamental to CSES implementation and promotion. However, limited research has focused on this topic. This study investigated the public's willingness to participate in CSES, based on an extended technology acceptance model, and used social network modeling to explore the evolutionary process of public participation in CSES under different policy combination scenarios. Empirical data were obtained from online questionnaire surveys in four first-tier cities in China (N = 1276). The results show that (1) the majority (approximately 71.48%) of residents have a higher willingness to participate in CSES, but their willingness to invest in it is lower (22.32 yuan/month). Residents with lower willingness mainly believed that they should not pay extra maintenance and management fees for energy storage equipment, followed by concerns about the safety of this equipment. (2) Economic benefits, functional value, risk affordability, peer influence, and personal altruism are the determining factors that affect public participation in CSES. (3) Social interaction is beneficial for information transmission, thereby reducing the cognitive differences among the public regarding CSES. (4) The “economic incentive and mandatory” policy combination has significantly increased the proportion of public participation in CSES, but there is psychological resistance from the public toward policy implementation in the early stages. The “economic incentive and publicity” policy combination can promote public participation in CSES slightly. The combination of economic incentives, mandatory policies, and publicity policies has a synergistic effect. These findings provide new insights for application research in energy technology innovation.

Impact of air pollution perception on environmental governance satisfaction

This study critically examines the factors influencing satisfaction with environmental governance in China, focusing on air pollution perception, environmental tax, and government trust within the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework. Utilizing data from Chinese societal surveys, the research investigates the impact of air pollution perception on environmental governance satisfaction, as well as how this relationship is mediated by environmental tax and moderated by government trust. The findings reveal a strong inverse correlation between air pollution perception and satisfaction with environmental governance, highlighting the direct impact of environmental challenges on ESG outcomes. The relationship is nuanced by regional and demographic variations, highlighting the diverse impact of air pollution perception across different segments of society. The study also reveals the pivotal role of environmental tax in mediating this relationship, suggesting that tax policies can effectively enhance ESG strategies. Additionally, government trust is identified as a key moderating factor, underscoring the importance of trust in governance for the effectiveness of ESG practices. This research contributes to the broader field of air pollution perception and environmental governance, providing valuable insights into the complex interplay between public perception, tax policy, and trust in government. It offers practical implications for policymakers seeking to use taxation and trust-building measures to mitigate pollution and improve public satisfaction with environmental governance within the ESG ambit.

Adaptation of commodity purchase tasks to identify substitutable substance-free alternative activities for alcohol use.

Behavioral economic frameworks emphasize the importance of contextual influences on alcohol use; therefore, identifying relative demand for alcohol versus other commodities is of importance. Cross-commodity purchase tasks allow participants to make choices across multiple concurrently available commodities and can thereby pinpoint interactions among those commodities. These tasks may help identify relevant substance-free alternative activities to target in alcohol treatment by determining whether the activity functions as a substitute for alcohol use. While substance-free activity promotion is a promising behavioral component of alcohol interventions, no research to-date has used behavioral economic methods to assess the substitutability of alternative activities for alcohol use. The present studies were preliminary assessments of novel single- and cross-commodity purchase tasks of various alternative activities (e.g., exercise, hobbies, civic involvement). Participants in Study 1 recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (n = 110) were administered a series of novel activity purchase tasks and an alcohol purchase task. Results showed excellent fit of the exponential demand equation to activity purchase task data and provided initial support for adaptation of purchase task methodology to alternative activity demand. In Study 2, participants recruited from Amazon's Mechanical Turk (n = 108) were administered both single-commodity and cross-commodity purchase tasks of alcohol and exercise. While most participants demonstrate independent consumption of alcohol and exercise, a subset of participants substituted exercise for alcohol as indicated by quantitative cross-price elasticity indices. These response patterns highlight the importance of individual differences and hold implications for recovery efforts that promote alternative activity engagement and public policy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Impact of organizational politics on organizational performance: the mediating role of individual performance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine mediating role of individual performance between the association of organizational politics and organizational performance in Jordanian public sector. Design/methodology/approach The partial least squares–structural equation modeling was conducted to test the suggested hypotheses. Findings The findings revealed that organizational performance is significantly and negatively influenced by organizational politics and positively influenced by individual performance. In addition, the results also revealed that individual performance is significantly and negatively influenced by organizational politics. Finally, the results show that individual performance has mediated the association between organizational politics and organizational performance, and hence last hypothesis was accepted. Originality/value The current study provides several recommendations to the decision-makers in the Jordanian public sector, including enhancing transparency and publishing policies and regulations in a general and easily accessible manner.

Public Policy Innovation: Analyzing the Implementation and Outcomes of Progressive Initiatives

Public policy innovation plays a pivotal role in addressing contemporary societal challenges, and this journal article scrutinizes the implementation and outcomes of progressive initiatives in the realm of public policy. The study delves into the dynamics of policy innovation, examining the factors influencing successful implementation and evaluating the resultant outcomes. The article begins by elucidating the significance of public policy innovation in responding to the evolving needs of societies. It explores various forms of innovation, including technological, procedural, and institutional innovations, and their impact on the policy landscape. A comprehensive analysis of the implementation process follows, encompassing stakeholder engagement, regulatory frameworks, and the role of leadership in fostering innovation-friendly environments. Case studies and real-world examples illustrate instances of successful policy innovation, highlighting best practices and lessons learned. Furthermore, the study assesses the outcomes of progressive policy initiatives, considering their effectiveness in achieving intended goals and addressing societal challenges. It also explores the potential unintended consequences and challenges associated with policy innovation. The findings underscore the importance of a dynamic and adaptive policy framework that encourages experimentation, learning, and continuous improvement. Recommendations include the establishment of innovation labs, cross-sector collaboration, and mechanisms for ongoing evaluation and feedback. In conclusion, this article contributes to the discourse on public policy innovation, offering insights into the complexities of implementation and the multifaceted outcomes of progressive initiatives. As societies navigate unprecedented challenges, fostering a culture of innovation in public policy emerges as a key strategy for building responsive and effective governance systems.

Treatment of mental patients in the presence of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform: family members’ perceptions

Objective: To apprehend family members’ perceptions on treatment of mental patients in the presence of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform.Methodology: Qualitative exploratory research carried out in 2010 at a psychiatric hospital in Paraná State/Brazil. Ten family members of mental patients were the subjects. Data were collected by means of a semistructured interview and analyzed through thematic analysis.Results: From the analysis, three categories emerged: Treatment of mental patients in the presence of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform; Outpatient Mental Health Services; Family members’ physical and emotional distress.Discussion: The families perceived a new way of treating mental patients based on social reinsertion with the participation of a multiprofessional team.Conclusion: More support is deemed necessary on the part of mental patients’ families mediated by Brazilian public policies.

Investigating Country-Specific Perceptions of Predatory Journals and Their Impact on Scholarly Integrity: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review aims to identify the countriesmost active in combatting predatory journals and their definitions of such practices. It also seeks to assess awareness within academic communities, examine the impact of predatory journals on research quality and integrity, and compile existing policies to mitigate their negative effects and strengthen global scholarly integrity. A systematic search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases on February 7, 2024, in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The focus was solely on identifying studies that examined the unique experiences and interventions associated with predatory journals in distinct national contexts. The analysis included a presentation of quantitative results and a thematic examination of qualitative data. A total of 40 articles covering 19 countries were included. Twenty-four countries (60%) were in Asia, 11 (27.5%) in Africa, two (5%) in Europe, and one (2.5%) each in Australia, North America, and South America. Although not all articles cited Beall's list to identify predatory journals, the thematic analysis showed consistent topics across various definitions and Beall's themes. Our analysis identified factors affecting academic publishing perceptions globally, highlighting publication pressure, predatory practices, and policy impacts on ethics and standards. This systematic review examined the literature on predatory publishing and identified the leading countries in the fight against these predatory publications. This analysis underscores a complex interplay of factors affecting academic publishing globally, from the push towards predatory journals as a response to publishing pressures, to the critical role of government and institutional frameworks.

<i>Ženski list</i>

Objective. The aim of this paper is to explore the development and changes in the publishing policy of the women's magazine Ženski list, whose chief editor was Marija Jurić Zagorka. The magazine was published during the interwar period and significantly influenced the residents of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia and emigrants abroad with its content. Approach/Methodology. The analysis of the magazine was conducted based on the most visually striking and/or important issues from each year of publication, totaling 14 issues. The analysis included the number of pages, quantity of illustrations and advertisements, citation of responsibility data, and graphic and thematic changes in the magazine design. Sources from the Stare novine portal and the Center for Women's Studies were used. Results. The paper provides a brief historical overview of women's magazines worldwide, in Europe, and in the Kingdom of SHS/Yugoslavia. Furthermore, Marija Jurić Zagorka is highlighted as the journalist, and editor, followed by an analysis of the magazine issues. The uniqueness of this magazine lies in achieving high circulation and reaching readers from all social circles. Despite financial difficulties due to the non-receipt of subscriptions and economic crises, the magazine, in its 14 years of publication, kept up with innovations in the layout of visual and textual contributions. A significant increase in illustrations and advertisements is noted, indicating the magazine's close connection to its social environment, especially businesses and shops in Zagreb. There is also an observed increase in attributing authors to texts and photos or indicating the source from which the content was taken, demonstrating the editorial understanding of the concept of intelectual property. Originality/Value. This paper provides an overview of publishing and editorial practices. In addition to technical characteristics, the paper offers a partial insight into the magazine's content, placing it in the context of publishing for women, by women, in the 1920s and 1930s.

Statistical Methods to Examine Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Surgical Literature: A Review and Recommendations for Improvement.

To characterize the quality of statistical methods for studies of racial and ethnic disparities in the surgical-relevant literature during 2021-2022. Hundreds of scientific papers are published each year describing racial and ethnic disparities in surgical access, quality, and outcomes. The content and design quality of this literature have never been systematically reviewed. We searched for 2021 to 2022 studies focused on describing racial and/or ethnic disparities in surgical or perioperative access, process quality, or outcomes. Identified studies were characterized in terms of 3 methodological criteria: (1) adjustment for variables related to both race/ethnicity and outcomes, including social determinants of health (SDOH), (2) accounting for clustering of patients within hospitals or other subunits ("providers"), and (3) distinguishing within-provider and between-provider effects. We identified 224 papers describing racial and/or ethnic differences. Of the 38 single-institution studies, 24 (63.2%) adjusted for at least one SDOH variable. Of the 186 multisite studies, 113 (60.8%) adjusted for at least one SDOH variable, and 43 (23.1%) accounted for the clustering of patients within providers using appropriate statistical methods. Only 10 (5.4%) of multi-institution studies made efforts to examine how much of the overall disparities were driven by within versus between-provider effects. Most recently published papers on racial and ethnic disparities in the surgical literature do not meet these important statistical design criteria and, therefore, may risk inaccuracy in the estimation of group differences in surgical access, quality, and outcomes. The most potent leverage points for these improvements are changes to journal publication guidelines and policies.

Legal Protection against Retaliatory Firing Improves Workplace Safety

Abstract Workplace safety policies are designed to ensure that employers internalize the costs of injuries, but employers can undermine these policies with threats of dismissal. We show that states’ adoption of the public policy exception to at-will employment—an exception forbidding employers from firing workers for filing workers’ compensation claims or for whistleblowing—led to a substantial reduction in injuries. The widespread adoption of the public policy exception explains 14% of the decline in fatal injury rates between 1979 and 1994. Statutory protections from retaliatory firing also improved safety, but only when employers faced sufficiently strong penalties for violating them.

Barriers and facilitators to patient education provided by nurses: A mixed-method systematic review.

To investigate the factors that facilitate or hinder nurses in providing patient education. A mixed-method systematic review. Six databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE and ERIC) were systematically searched for relevant publications. The study was conducted following the JBI for mixed-method systematic reviews, and the reporting followed the PRISMA guideline. Two researchers independently performed literature screening, literature evaluation, data extraction and synthesis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023427451. Twenty-six eligible articles were included, including 15 quantitative articles, 10 qualitative articles and 2 mixed-methods articles. The resultant synthesis of key findings led to the identification of these barriers and facilitators, categorised into five distinct levels: nurse-related factors, organisational factors, patient-related factors, the nurse-patient relationship and interdisciplinary collaboration. The findings highlight the factors that facilitate or hinder nurses in providing patient education, suggesting that multifaceted interventions can enhance the practice of patient education in nursing and support the development of appropriate patient education guidelines or public policies. This review delineates the facilitators and barriers influencing nurses' provision of patient education, offering an initial framework for nursing managers to craft interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of patient education provided by nurses, consequently elevating the overall quality of nursing.

一般論文] 한성도서주식회사의 출판활동과 식민지 책시장의 역학

This article is an attempt to consider how much freedom of publishing the colonial publishing organization was able to have under the structural pressure exerted by the colonial book market. For this purpose, this article focused on Hanseongdoseo Co., Ltd. Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. was the first publishing organization founded as a corporate organization. However, the structural pressure on the book market gradually increased due to various external factors such as the censorship of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, the disallowance of reservation publishing, imperialism of knowledge culture, material shortages, and the policy of eradicating the Korean language. The literary centralism of Chosun language books, which reached its peak in the late 1930s, was the result. Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. was also not free from that pressure. However, Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. tried to adhere to its own consistent publishing policy. In short, the uniqueness of Hanseongdoseo Co., Ltd.’s publishing activities, and furthermore, the freedom of publishing pursued by the colonial publishing organization, must first be found in the fact that literature was not completely brought to the fore during the period of literary centralism of Chosun language books.