Poisoning Of Domestic Animals Research Articles

Случай острой эзофагогастроэктазии у кошки

Cases of poisoning of domestic animals with household chemicals, in particular, chlorine-containing and surface-active substances (surfactants) are not uncommon, however, the changes occurring in the body under the action of this group of substances are insufficiently described. This article describes a case of acute gastric dilatation and megaesophagus in a cat, presumably against the background of poisoning with surfactants and chlorine-containing agents, including pathogenetic X-ray diagnostics and blood tests.

Validation and application of multi-residue analysis of eight anticoagulant rodenticides by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection

Poisoning of domestic animals is frequently caused by anticoagulant rodenticides. Validation and applications of a rapid and reliable method for the simultaneous determination of 8 anticoagulant rodenticides (bromadiolone, brodifacoum, coumachlor, coumafuryl, coumatetralyl, difenacoum, flocoumafen, and warfarin) in baits and animal livers using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection are reported herein. The methodology was validated by an in-house validation model at 2.5 mg/kg, which is the level commonly found in the tissues of poisoned domestic animals. The 8 anticoagulants can be determined at the concentration range of 1.25-100 mg/kg with determination coefficients higher than 0.992. A recovery value from 70% to 109% was observed for all the studied molecules. The results of the validation process demonstrate suitability for application in official analysis and for monitoring purposes of animal poisoning by anticoagulant rodenticides.

Animal Poisonings in New York State

Animal Poisonings in New York State The accidental or intentional poisoning of domestic animals by chemicals and plant materials in the environment, not only represent a calamity for the victims and their human caretakers, but also can be an indicator of hazards to humans, either by the same route or secondarily through the food chain. For this reason, poison control centers around the world have compiled cases of animal poisoning, reported to them.

Poisoning of domestic animals with heavy metals

The term heavy metal refers to a metal that has a relatively high density and is toxic for animal and human organism at low concentrations. Heavy metals are natural components of the Earth's crust. They cannot be degraded or destroyed. To a small extent they enter animal organism via food, drinking water and air. Some heavy metals (e.g cooper, iron, chromium, zinc) are essential in very low concentrations for the survival of all forms of life. These are described as essential trace elements. However, when they are present in greater quantities, like the heavy metals lead, cadmium and mercury which are already toxic in very low concentrations, they can cause metabolic anomalies or poisoning. Heavy metal poisoning of domestic animals could result, for instance, from drinking-water contamination, high ambient air concentrations near emission sources, or intake via the food chain. Heavy metals are dangerous because they tend to bioaccumulate in a biological organism over time. Manifestation of toxicity of individual heavy metals varies considerably, depending on dose and time of exposure, species, gender and environmental and nutritional factors. Large differences exist between the effects of a single exposure to a high concentration, and chronic exposures to lower doses. The aim of this work is to present the source of poisoning and toxicity of some heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, thallium, arsenic), as well as new data about effects of those heavy metals on the health of domestic animals. .

Ergotism and photosensitization in swine produced by the combined ingestion of Claviceps purpurea sclerotia and Ammi majus seeds.

Poisoning of domestic animals happens frequently in the southeast of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina). Intoxications are produced mainly by the ingestion of plants and mycotoxins, but animals are rarely affected simultaneously by both types of agents. One herd of pigs suffered simultaneous intoxications by ergot alkaloids from Claviceps purpurea sclerotia and furocoumarins from Ammi majus seeds. Pigs were fed a diet composed of wheat (poor quality) or corn and protein and vitamin supplements. This diet was completed with forage sorghum. Nervous signs were first observed 5-7 days after the initiation of feeding the suspect ration. These signs were followed by cutaneous irritation. Snout ulcers, eyelid edema, and conjunctivitis were observed in several piglets. Ten days after the start of feeding the incriminated ration, 8 abortions were observed. Many of the sows that were nursing piglets developed udder edema and teat cracking. Dermal lesions were observed in most of the animals with unpigmented areas in the skin but not in a Duroc-Jersey boar. Removal of the incriminated diet and feeding of another diet prepared with good-quality wheat allowed all the animals to recover in 15 days. The herd experienced normal pregnancies and parturitions, litter sizes, and piglet weights when fed a cleaned portion of the poor-quality wheat. No photosensitization lesions were observed. Examination of impurities in the suspected wheat indicated the presence of 2.2% of A. majus seeds and 0.14% of C. purpurea sclerotia. The quantitative analysis indicated the presence of 3.2 g xanthotoxin and 0.65 g bergaptene/100 g A. majus seeds and 0.73 g ergot alkaloids (expressed as ergonovine) per 100 g of C. purpurea sclerotia. Qualitative analysis demonstrated the presence of ergotamine, ergocristine, and ergonovine. These results indicate that clinical signs and lesions were caused by the ingestion of large quantities of these biologically active compounds.

The Fauna of the River Melindwr, a Lead-Polluted Tributary of the River Rheidol in North Cardiganshire, Wales

FROM prehistoric times until the beginning of the twentieth century, leadmining and the crushing and washing of the ore (galena) was one of the chief industries of north Cardiganshire. During the first half of the nineteenth century the industry flourished, but after 1872 it declined under the influence of foreign competition and in 1900 nearly all the mines had been closed down. A small number were reopened during the period of the Great War, but this revival was temporary and at the present time lead-mining in Cardiganshire is a dead industry. The extraction of the ore was accomplished by crushing or grinding the mined material into a fine state of division and washing the crushed material with running water which carried off the lighter earthy impurities leaving behind the heavy galena. As might be expected, the separation of galena and earthy particles was not complete, so that the washing water carried off quantities of galena in a fine state of division. Apparently it was the ancient practice to allow the washing water to flow directly into the neighbouring rivers and streams, which carried the finely divided ore for considerable distances before it was finally deposited on their beds, or, at flood time, on land bordering their banks. Later, when the poisoning of domestic animals, especially horses, poultry and ducks, and the wholesale destruction of pasture land which resulted from this practice had aroused serious concern, the

The Arsenical Poisoning of Livestock

Recommendations for the spraying of alfalfa to control the alfalfa weevil, Phytonomus murinus Fabr., have been guided largely by Dr. H. C. Gardiner's work on the arsenical poisoning of domestic animals, which was recorded in the transcript of the Riverside Dairy Case in the United States District Court of Utah, but which has not heretofore been readily accessible to entomologists and the public, to both of whom it is of the highest importance. Dr. Gardiner, in an exhaustive series of feeding experiments, clinical observations and autopsies, determined the physiological effect of various doses of arsenic, continued for various periods of time, upon farm animals. The dangerous dose was shown to be far greater than the amount which is contained in a feed of sprayed hay.