Opposite Points Research Articles

Ballistic Electron Source with Magnetically Controlled Valley Polarization in Bilayer Graphene.

The achievement of valley-polarized electron currents is a cornerstone for the realization of valleytronic devices. Here, we report on ballistic coherent transport experiments where two opposite quantum point contacts (QPCs) are defined by electrostatic gating in a bilayer graphene (BLG) channel. By steering the ballistic currents with an out-of-plane magnetic field we observe two current jets, a consequence of valley-dependent trigonal warping. Tuning the BLG carrier density and number of QPC modes (m) with a gate voltage we find that the two jets are present for m=1 and up to m=6, indicating the robustness of the effect. Semiclassical simulations confirm the origin of the signals by quantitatively reproducing the jet separations without fitting parameters. In addition, our model shows that the ballistic current jets have opposite valley polarization. As a consequence, by steering each jet toward the detector using a magnetic field, we achieve full control over the valley polarization of the collected currents, envisioning such devices as ballistic current sources with tunable valley polarization. We also show that collimation experiments are a sensitive probe to the trigonal warping of the Fermi surface.

LEGITIMATE INTERESTS OF LEGAL ENTITIES: DOCTRINAL APPROACHES AND APPLICATION IN TAX LAW

The theory of legitimate interests was created within the sociological school of law. Interests have been interpreted as an individual’s aspiration to meeting its own needs. The theory has been directed on researching individuals’ legitimate interests. The question of corporate interests has been not properly researched, the problem of a subject of a legitimate interest has been not the point of discussion in a legal theory. There is no unanimous point of view on corporate interests within a science of civil law. Two opposite points of view coexists in the doctrine: interests of corporations are real (realistic theories); only interests of sharers are real ( ction theory). It is possible to recognize the existence of corporation’s legitimate interests with speci c legal nature, derived from entrepreneurial activity of a corporation. Legitimate interests are used by courts in the resolution of tax disputes, for example, by applying the principle of ‘bona de’ tax administration. By analysis, other legitimate interests of a legal entity are legitimate expectations and the ‘tax reconstruction’. The research on the topic of legitimate interests of corporations are perspective for the tax law.

Global lokalisering

Global localization. Google Earth and the experience of place attachment in GeoGuessr, Houellebecq and Darrieussecq The purpose of this article is to analyze literary texts and other cultural practices that relate to or use content from Google Earth and, more generally, to outline what I call a contemporary glocal experience of place. The article discusses the browser game GeoGuessr and the interactive music video “The Wilderness Downtown” by Arcade Fire, along with the novel La Mer à l’envers by Marie Darrieussecq, and different works, including photographs and poems, by Michel Houellebecq. In all these instances, the transmissions, slippages, and tensions between a situated and embodied experience of place and global technological systems play a prominent role. The article shows how GeoGuessr and “The Wilderness Downtown” explore this tension from opposite points of departure: while the game fosters a sense of place within locales that are essentially unknown to the player, the music video integrates images from places that are related to the viewer’s personal memories into an otherwise impersonal animated video. In turn, Darrieussecq’s novel combines and narrativizes these opposing perspectives. Here, Calais represents a globalized space that can only be understood through glocalizing technologies, such as geoposititioning and interactive mapping. But Clève, the hometown of the protagonist, becomes unmoored through the same interaction with these technologies. Finally, the article highlights the “Houellebecq perspective” in novels, poems, and photographs. In these recurring scenes, the world is seen from above (through satellite imagery, on maps, or through airplanes windows). They revolve around the tension between the aerial view and the “horizon structure”, which permits the subject to place itself in the world and in relation to others.

Is ischemic stimulus involved for J wave augmentation during coronary angiography and intracoronary administration of normal saline?

J waves may be augmented by coronary angiography (CAG) or intracoronary drug administration but the underlying mechanism is unknown. The effect of intracoronary normal saline (NS) on J waves were investigated. After the standard CAG using iopamidol (IopamiroR Inj), NS was injected into the right coronary artery in 10 patients with and eight patients without J waves at the baseline. The 12-lead ECG was monitored, stored on a computer and retrieved later for measurement of the J wave amplitude before or during the coronary interventions. J waves in leads II, III and aVF at baseline increased significantly in each lead during the right CAG and NS injection into the right coronary artery. The J wave changes were similar between the two interventions and distinct similar alterations were observed in the QRS complex. We postulated that the ischemic myocardium that was induced during CAG or intracoronary NS administration slowed the conduction velocity of depolarization in the perfusion territory and delayed the timing of J waves to appear. Then, the delayed appearance of J waves would be less opposed by electromotive force from other areas resulting in augmentation. J wave augmentation was observed during CAG and intracoronary NS administration. As a mechanism of augmentation, we postulated that contrast media and NS induce myocardial ischemia and delay the timing of J waves to a point of less opposition by electromotive force from other areas. J wave augmentation has been reported during intracoronary injection of contrast media or drugs. The present study confirmed that normal saline alone was able to augment J waves. Mechanistically, coronary interventions using anoxic solutions can cause regional myocardial ischemia and reduce the conduction velocity of depolarization. Then, delayed J waves are less opposed by the electromotive force from remote areas which leads to augmentation. When a drug is diluted in normal saline and given intracoronarily, changes in J waves can be due to normal saline. The pathophysiological and clinical significance of J waves augmented during coronary interventions need to be established.

Dichotomous frequency-dependent phase synchrony in the sensorimotor network characterizes simplistic movement

It is hypothesized that disparate brain regions interact via synchronous activity to control behavior. The nature of these interconnected ensembles remains an area of active investigation, and particularly the role of high frequency synchronous activity in simplistic behavior is not well known. Using intracranial electroencephalography, we explored the spectral dynamics and network connectivity of sensorimotor cortical activity during a simple motor task in seven epilepsy patients. Confirming prior work, we see a “spectral tilt” (increased high-frequency (HF, 70–100 Hz) and decreased low-frequency (LF, 3–33 Hz) broadband oscillatory activity) in motor regions during movement compared to rest, as well as an increase in LF synchrony between these regions using time-resolved phase-locking. We then explored this phenomenon in high frequency and found a robust but opposite effect, where time-resolved HF broadband phase-locking significantly decreased during movement. This “connectivity tilt” (increased LF synchrony and decreased HF synchrony) displayed a graded anatomical dependency, with the most robust pattern occurring in primary sensorimotor cortical interactions and less robust pattern occurring in associative cortical interactions. Connectivity in theta (3–7 Hz) and high beta (23–27 Hz) range had the most prominent low frequency contribution during movement, with theta synchrony building gradually while high beta having the most prominent effect immediately following the cue. There was a relatively sharp, opposite transition point in both the spectral and connectivity tilt at approximately 35 Hz. These findings support the hypothesis that task-relevant high-frequency spectral activity is stochastic and that the decrease in high-frequency synchrony may facilitate enhanced low frequency phase coupling and interregional communication. Thus, the “connectivity tilt” may characterize behaviorally meaningful cortical interactions.

International cooperation and its role in ensuring everyone’s right to health care and medical assistance

The article states that the right to health care and medical care is a guarantee of the right to life. To the state in accordance with Part 2 of Art. 3 of the Constitution of Ukraine is entrusted with the duty to affirm and ensure human rights and freedoms, including the right of everyone to health care and medical assistance. Such a duty of the state is defined as the main one among its other duties. For its implementation, Ukraine must create an effective mechanism for ensuring the above-mentioned right. The Covid-19 pandemic, Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and, as a result, Russia’s temporary occupation of part of the territory of Ukraine, the commission of crimes in such territories that fall under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court and testify to violations of human rights in the field of health care, have actualized the issue of the specifics of international cooperation of states in the field of health care under conditions of military occupation, pandemics, etc. and its role in ensuring the above-mentioned right of every person. The doctrinal approaches to defining the concepts of «cooperation», «international cooperation», and international treaties on human rights are analyzed. It has been established that diametrically opposite points of view are expressed in the scientific literature: from the declaration of cooperation as a duty of states to the complete denial of the legal force of this principle. The author’s definition of the concept of international cooperation in the field of health care is formulated - it is a complex of legal means, methods and institutions that are the result of joint multilateral or bilateral activities of states and which they use to achieve common goals of sustainable development in the field of health care in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law. Attention is focused on the fact that the result of international cooperation are international standards of human rights in the field of health care, which are adopted by international organizations of a universal and regional nature, and which are implemented in national legislation, but such standards are the result of the cooperation of states, albeit within the framework international intergovernmental organizations, since these organizations are not endowed with special competence by nature, but are endowed by states by defining it in the charter of such organizations.

PROPOSAL OF A MODIFIED TIP APEX DISTANCE FOR PREDICTION OF LAG SCREW CUT-OUT IN TROCHANTERIC HIP FRACTURES

Lag screw cut-out is a serious complication of dynamic hip screw fixation in trochanteric hip fractures. Lag screw position is recognised as a crucial factor influencing the occurrence of lag screw cut-out. We propose a modification of the Tip Apex Distance (TAD) and hypothesize that it could enhance the reliability of predicting lag screw cut-out in these injuries.A retrospective study of hip fracture cases was conducted from January 2018 to July 2022. A total of 109 patients were eligible for the final analysis. The modified TAD was measured in millimetres, based on the sum of the traditional TAD in the lateral view and the net value of two distances in the anteroposterior (AP) view. The first distance is from the lag screw tip to the opposite point on the femoral head along the lag screw axis, while the second distance is from that point to the femoral head apex. The first distance is a positive value, whereas the second distance is positive if the lag screw is superior and negative if it is inferior. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the reliability of various parameters for evaluating the lag screw position within the femoral head.Factors such as reduction quality, fracture pattern according to the AO/OTA classification, TAD, Calcar-Referenced TAD, Axis Blade Angle, Parker’s ratio in the AP view, Cleveland Zone 1, and modified TAD were statistically associated with lag screw cut-out. Among the tested parameters, the novel parameter exhibited 90.1% sensitivity and 90.9% specificity for predicting lag screw cut-out at a cut-off value of 25 mm, with a p-value < 0.001.The modified TAD demonstrated the highest reliability in predicting lag screw cut-out. A value of 25 mm may potentially reduce the risk of lag screw cut-out in trochanteric hip fractures.

심성과 심성 함양: 형이상학과 메타프락시스, 그리고 대동사회

The purpose of this article is to understand in more detail what the nature of metapraxis is, which contrasts with both metaphysics and praxis. On the other hand, it is to clarify how metapraxis discussions can contribute to the advent of the great society by critically approaching the discussion of ‘post-humanism’ in which postmodernism, which excludes the metaphysics of modern society, is expressed in a more extreme form in conjunction with neo-liberalism. By discussing this by setting a sub-topic of the main angle, perspective, and surface and in-depth, it was possible to make it clearer that metapraxis contrasts with both metaphysics and praxis, not that they are excluded, but that they are integrated ‘organically’ (or consistently). It was also clarified that metapraxis is based on ‘metaphysics’. Therefore, the trend that excludes metaphysics in the discussion of modern post-humanism is at the opposite point of humanism, which is a trend that is further away from the great society related to the love of Christianity, the mercy of Buddhism, and the humanity of Confucianism. Thus, the educational discourse form as an alternative to this, that is, ‘metapraxis’, secures its status as a theory of life beyond its status as an educational theory.

Estimating π Using the Topography of the Terrestrial Planets

AbstractIt is π‐day 2024 (March 14th) and to celebrate, we ask the question: can π be estimated accurately using the shape of the terrestrial planets and the Moon? We proceed by using models for the planet topographies in slices of constant latitude and computing π as the ratio of the circumference to the diameter in each slice. We define the circumference as the topographically undulating perimeter of the slice (which deviates from the circular section of the reference ellipsoid). We define the diameter as the distance connecting two opposite points on the topography model through the center of the slice. This gives us a distribution of π estimates for each latitude slice and overall for each planetary body. The distribution and accuracy of the π estimates we compute are a representation of how smooth and circular latitude slices of the terrestrial planets are. We find that Mercury and Venus are particularly good at predicting π because they are relatively smooth and the topographic deviations from the reference ellipsoid are small compared with Mars, Earth, and the Moon. In the spirit of π‐day, this mathematical exercise motivates an interest in planetary geophysics and shape.

Emmanuelle Danblon: Rhetorical exercises, or the art of rediscovering “the taste for truth”

After having theorized an anthropological approach to the persuasive function and explored the issues at stake in the rationality regimes of practical reason, Emmanuelle Danblon has devoted the last ten years to a realistic, “artisanal” approach to rhetoric practiced in the context of rhetorical exercises. The aim of these exercises is to revive a lost “taste” for truth. Rather than taking fallacious arguments as their object, and giving primacy to descriptive theoretical deciphering of "alternative" truths and statements deemed irrational, Emmanuelle Danblon proposes that participants in these exercises first undergo a collective initiation to a typology of arguments, followed by role-playing in which they try to defend positions contrary to their own, or which seem paradoxical, difficult to imagine or irrational, against other participants defending the opposite points of view. The stakes are both cognitive and ethical: understanding the Other from the inside rather than judging him or her, making progress in self-knowledge and working in a craft mode to rediscover a taste for truth.

Max Weber and the Labour Constitution

Abstract: Max Weber's early works on agricultural working conditions in Germany east of the Elbe River remain little-known. Their anteriority in relation to Weberian sociology proper, the apparent primacy of value judgments within them, and a strongly dated historical context may explain this lack of interest. The author, for his part, defends the opposite point of view: not only do Weber's early studies pave the way for his later conceptualization, but they are characterized by a meticulous effort of scientific objectivity. Moreover, if we focus on the Archimedean point of all these Weberian studies, that is, the concept of the 'labour constitution', they are of indisputable—and universal—interest for the study of the dynamics of labour relations in the context of modernity. However, it seems indispensable to reinterpret the concept by considering Weber's mature work, notably his sociology of law as it emerges from Economy and Society . In the author's opinion, there is sufficient scientific continuity in Weber's work from 1890 to 1920 to justify such a reinterpretation, which may prove to be all the more fruitful in that it aims to take advantage of the later innovations of Weberian sociology, both methodologically (the ideal type, the relationship to values) and conceptually (the concept of rationalization, the sociological definition of law)

Lens imaging opposition-based learning for differential evolution with cauchy perturbation

Opposition-based learning (OBL) is an effective optimization strategy that enhances the performance of various global optimization algorithms. Among these algorithms, differential evolution (DE) based on OBL has received the attention of many researchers. However, OBL is a strategy with relative symmetry between the target point and the opposite point, which does not contribute significantly to the population in the later stage of the algorithm, and tends to disregard more meaningful points around the opposite points. Therefore, we propose a novel opposition-based differential evolution based on the principle of convex lens (LensOBLDE), which utilizes the distance relationship between the target point and the focal length of the lens, and dynamically adjusts the search radius by controlling the parameters, thus further improving the search ability. In addition, to avoid the algorithm from falling into a local optimum, a small-scale and low-probability cauchy perturbation strategy is applied to the elite individuals in the population, which ensures the exploration and exploitation of the algorithm. Finally, LensOBLDE evaluates the performance of several advanced algorithms on the CEC2017 benchmark suite and conducts a statistical test to evaluate the difference between algorithms. The results indicate that LensOBLDE outperforms several algorithms with a significant difference between them. This verifies the effectiveness of the strategies newly added in this study.

Vertices of Ovals with Constant Width Relative to Particular Circles

In this article, we study ovals of constant width in a plane, comparing them to particular circles. We use the vertices on the oval, after counting them, as a reference to measure the length of the curve between opposite points. A new proof of Barbier’s theorem is introduced. A distance function from the origin to the points of the oval is introduced, and it is shown that extreme values of the distance function occur at the vertices and opposite points. Comparisons are made between ovals and particular circles. We prove that the differences in the distances from the origin between the particular circles and the ovals are small and within a certain range. We also prove that all types of ovals described in this paper are analytically and geometrically enclosed between two defined circles centered at the origin.

Spin-density separation of spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensates under rotation

We investigate spatial separation of spin-density in rotating two-component Bose-Einstein condensates that feature spin-orbit coupling of the pxσˆy+pyσˆz type. The origin of this separation lies in the fact that, due to the spin-orbit coupling, each component of atoms condenses at opposite points in the py-direction. This separation is further amplified as the rotation frequency increases. The underlying physics can be explained through the use of an ansatz wavepacket in momentum space. In the case of weak density-density interaction and faster rotation, vortex-antivortex pair emerges in the condensates, which exhibits a antimeron pair textures. However, for strong density-density interaction and fast rotation, skyrmions-vortex-antivortex pair lattice forms in the condensates, which feature Néel-type skyrmions textures and antimeron pair textures. We also explore the effects of anisotropic spin-orbit couplings on the spin-density separation.

The system of preparing future teachers for providing moral education of schoolchildren within the digital learning environment: A comparative analysis of undergraduates and academics’ evaluative opinions

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of preparing future teachers for providing moral education of school students within the digital learning environment. The purpose of the study is to compare the attitudes of academics, who are developing the system of preparing future teachers for providing moral education of school students within the digital learning environment with students’ opinions about the effectiveness of its components. Materials and Methods. The research follows the systemic, activity-based and personality-oriented methodological approaches. The systemic approach allows to study the preparation of future teachers for providing moral education of schoolchildren in the digital learning environment as a system. The activity-based approach makes it possible to identify specific types of activities within the system. The personality-oriented approach contributes to selecting the contents according to the interests of future teachers. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the authors used theoretical (analysis of scholarly literature, analysis of university work experience, generalization) and empirical (ranking, survey, interview) research methods. Statistical data processing was conducted by means of the Mann-Whitney U-test. The sample consisted of Education undergraduates (n = 122), newly-qualified teachers (the graduates of the university) (n =10), and academics (n=40). Results. The results of the theoretical research demonstrate that preparation of future teachers for providing moral education of school students within the digital learning environment has systemic characteristics and is implemented in the process of studying education disciplines, work placements, independent learning, participation in extra-curricular activities organized by the university, their own school experience, information obtained from the Internet, and studying experience of teaching staff at schools. The research supports the opinion that transferring skills between learning environments is a complicated task. Consequently, targeted work is required on order to prepare future teachers for educating school students in the digital learning environment. In the process of empirical research, it was revealed that the most effective ways of teacher training today are work placements, education disciplines, and personal learning experience of prospective teachers. The authors emphasized that students consider traditional methods of preparation, for example, independent learning, to be more effective than obtaining information from the Internet, while the academics have the opposite point of view. The results of the study have proven that the balance between the real and digital environments is significant for effective teacher preparation. Conclusions. The article concludes that the system of teacher education should be supplemented by the electronic learning environment which comprises theoretical and practical issues of providing moral education of school students within the digital learning environment. The preferences of future teachers and academics largely coincide, that can contribute to the effectiveness of education. However, academics overestimate the theoretical component of the curriculum.

Analysis of Da'wah Science and Islam in Educating Ummah by Dr. Zakir Naik through Islamic Communication in Internet Videos

Internet video is a new form of media that allows us to study the movement of narratives. Lectures discussing Islam and science often appear in this video. One of the most popular speakers in this material is Dr. Zakir Naik, a Muslim preacher from India. Dr Zakir Naik's lectures often interpret certain modern scientific discoveries to prove the divine origin of the Qur'an, Dr. Zakir Naik also uses material from the lecture "Qurʾān and Modern Science" in other lectures. He has included material i ʿ jāz ʿilmī similarly structured under various titles. This focus on iʿjāz creates a space where Muslims and others use videos and clips of Naik, sometimes for their own purposes. More research needs to be done, but Dr. Zakir Naik's video curation has the opposite point of view in the viewing and dissemination of the criticism video. Copying a video to a new user's "channel" opens it up to a new deployment network, new opportunities for discussion via comments and "likes", and new framing with changes in title, description, tags, and subtitles. The same goes for video criticism, which also generates backlash. As is common in fan-based media, the line between professional performance and amateur commentary quickly breaks down.

Harmonic analysis of little [formula omitted]-Legendre polynomials

Many classes of orthogonal polynomials satisfy a specific linearization property giving rise to a polynomial hypergroup structure, which offers an elegant and fruitful link to Fourier analysis, harmonic analysis and functional analysis. From the opposite point of view, this allows regarding certain Banach algebras as L1-algebras, associated with underlying orthogonal polynomials. The individual behavior strongly depends on these underlying polynomials. We study the little q-Legendre polynomials, which are orthogonal with respect to a discrete measure. We will show that their L1-algebras have the property that every element can be approximated by linear combinations of idempotents. This particularly implies that these L1-algebras are weakly amenable (i.e., every bounded derivation into the dual module is an inner derivation), which is known to be shared by any L1-algebra of a locally compact group; in the polynomial hypergroup context, weak amenability is rarely satisfied and of particular interest because it corresponds to a certain property of the derivatives of the underlying polynomials and their (Fourier) expansions w.r.t. the polynomial basis. To our knowledge, the little q-Legendre polynomials yield the first example of a polynomial hypergroup whose L1-algebra is weakly amenable and right character amenable but fails to be amenable. As a crucial tool, we establish certain uniform boundedness properties of the characters. Our strategy relies on the Fourier transformation on hypergroups, the Plancherel isomorphism, continued fractions, character estimations and asymptotic behavior.

The Idea of The Muslim World, A Global Intellectual History

The Idea of The Muslim World, A Global Intellectual History | Cemil Aydin | London: Harvard University Press, 2017.
 The notion of "The Muslim World" as a binary point of opposition to "The West" has become a global narrative, accepted by many Muslims and non-Muslims alike. In fact, Muslims reside in different parts of the world, speak different languages, live in different traditions and cultures, and have different nationalities and political interests. Besides, the those who believe in notions of the Muslim world have rarely discussed or imagined the Christian world, the Buddhist world, and so on in similar terms. Thus, how did this narrative about the 'Muslim World' come into being and become a mainstream belief in the modern world? This issue constitutes the main point of discussion in Cemil Aydin's book, as the title suggests, "The Idea of The Muslim World." Questions such as who, when, how, and why this notion arose and persists in the modern era are discussed.

Optimal coupling of jumpy Brownian motion on the circle

AbstractConsider a Brownian motion on the circumference of the unit circle, which jumps to the opposite point of the circumference at incident times of an independent Poisson process of rate $\lambda$ . We examine the problem of coupling two copies of this ‘jumpy Brownian motion’ started from different locations, so as to optimise certain functions of the coupling time. We describe two intuitive co-adapted couplings (‘Mirror’ and ‘Synchronous’) which differ only when the two processes are directly opposite one another, and show that the question of which strategy is best depends upon the jump rate $\lambda$ in a non-trivial way. We also provide an explicit description of a (non-co-adapted) maximal coupling for any jump rate in the case that the two jumpy Brownian motions begin at antipodal points of the circle.

The problem of the formation and functioning of bilingualism in the family and society

The article determines the conceptualization of “bilingualism” as a common phenomenon. The importance of this disputed point in the state of new multicultural sovereign state is emphasized. A minor overview of the scientific guidance is given in which the occasion of bilingualism is studied. The advantageous and opposite points of opinion of bilingualism researchers are considered, likewise as the contemporary attitude to this problem. Special importance is given to the formation of bilingualism in the family. Accomplishable variation of family bilingualism, age-related dilemma of bilinguals and ways to clear up them are considered. The article fix up with provision methodological recommendations for successfully overcoming difficulties in the upbringing of bilingual children. The article furthermore exposes the conceptualization of bilingualism and bilingual families, investigates the denotation and the role of bilingualism in the development of a kid in contemporary society, tells about the positive and negative sides of bilingualism in a child, the characteristic of the psychical organization of bilingual education.