PO Region Research Articles

Synthesis of thorium and uranium in asymptotic giant branch stars

Context. The intermediate neutron capture process (i-process) operates at neutron densities between those of the slow and rapid neutron-capture processes. It is believed to be triggered by the ingestion of protons in a convective helium-burning region. One possible astrophysical site is low-mass low-metallicity asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Aims. Although it has been widely believed that actinides, and most particularly Th and U, are exclusively produced by explosive r-process nucleosynthesis, we study here the possibility that actinides may also be significantly synthesized through i-process nucleosynthesis in AGB stars. Methods. We computed a 1 M⊙ model at [Fe/H] = −2.5 with the stellar evolution code STAREVOL. We used a nuclear network of 1160 species from H to Cf coupled to the transport processes. Models of various resolutions (temporal and spatial) that use different nuclear datasets are also considered for the analysis. Results. During the proton ingestion event, the neutron density in our AGB model goes up to ∼1015 cm−3 and is shown to be high enough to give rise to the production of actinides. While most of the nuclear flow cycles in the neutron-rich Pb–Bi–Po region, a non-negligible fraction leaks towards heavier elements and eventually synthesizes actinides. The surface enrichment in Th and U is subject to nuclear and astrophysical model uncertainties that could be lowered in the future, in particular by a detailed analysis of the nuclear inputs that affect the neutron capture rates of neutron-rich isotopes between Pb and Pa, along the i-process path. One stellar candidate that may confirm the production of actinides by the i-process is the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) r/s star RAVE J094921.8−161722, which shows Th lines in its spectrum. Its surface abundance is shown to be reasonably well reproduced by our AGB model, though abundances of light N ≃ 50 elements remain underestimated. Combined with cosmochronometry, this finding opens the way to dating the i-process event and thus obtaining a lower limit for the age of CEMP-r/s stars. Such a dating is expected to be accurate only if surface abundances of Th and U can be extracted simultaneously. Conclusions. We show that actinides can be synthesized in low-metallicity low-mass AGB stars through the i-process. This astrophysical site therefore potentially contributes to the Galactic enrichment of Th and U, which demonstrates that the r-process may not be the sole mechanism for the production of U and Th.

Identifying forecast uncertainties for biogenic gases in the Po Valley related to model configuration in EURAD-IM during PEGASOS 2012

Abstract. Forecasts of biogenic trace gases in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) are highly affected by simulated emission and transport processes. The Po region during the PEGASOS campaign in summer 2012 provides challenging, yet common, conditions for simulating biogenic gases in the PBL. This study identifies and quantifies principal sources of forecast uncertainties induced by various model configurations under these conditions. Specifically, the effects of model configuration on different processes affecting atmospheric distributions of biogenic trace gas distributions are analyzed based on a priori available information. The investigation is based on the EURopean Air pollution Dispersion – Inverse Model (EURAD-IM) chemistry transport model employing the Model for Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature version 2.1 (MEGAN 2.1) biogenic emission module and Regional Atmospheric Chemistry Mechanism – Mainz Isoprene Mechanism (RACM-MIM) as the gas phase chemistry mechanism. Two major sources of forecast uncertainties are identified in this study. Firstly, biogenic emissions appear to be exceptionally sensitive to land surface properties inducing total variations in local concentrations of up to 1 order of magnitude. Moreover, these sensitivities are found to be highly similar for different gases and almost constant during the campaign, varying only diurnally. Secondly, the model configuration also highly influences regional flow patterns with significant effects on pollutant transport and mixing. This effect was corroborated by diverging source regions of a representative air mass and thus applies also to non-biogenic gases. As a result, large sensitivities to model configuration are found for surface concentrations of isoprene, as well as OH, affecting reactive atmospheric chemistry. Especially in areas with small-scale emission patterns, changes in the model configuration are able to induce significantly different local concentrations. The amount and complexity of sensitivities found in this study demonstrate the need to consider forecast uncertainties in chemical transport models with a special focus on biogenic emissions and pollutant transport.

Italische grautonige dünnwandige Keramik (pareti sottili) aus Carnuntum

This contribution deals with reduced-fired thin-walled Roman pottery from the 2nd half of the 1st century AD. It is mostly black slipped (Fabrikat E), rarely selfslipped (Fabrikat D?). A few vessels are beige or brown; three others, imitations. The vessels come in part from old excavations at multiple locations of/in Carnuntum and from the civil town. A typological systematisation with correlation to the typologies of older material (Cosa, Magdalensberg) was undertaken and likewise X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Of the four identified clusters, two of them can be assigned to the Po region, the others are of unknown provenance, possibly Lombardy and/or Piedmont.

Mutation site-specific risk profile in patients with Type 1 Long QT Syndrome

Abstract Background Type 1 Long QT Syndrome (LQT1) is an arrhythmogenic disorder, caused by loss-of-function mutations on KCNQ1 gene, coding for Kv7.1 potassium channel. Although LQT1 is described as the most benign form of LQTS, patients still experience arrhythmic events and there is an unmet need for personalized risk stratification. Attempts have been made to correlate the location of mutations with outcome, but the results are unequivocal. Purpose We provide in the present study a new mutation site-specific risk profile obtained from a large cohort of LQT1 patients. Methods We gathered data on 963 patients with the diagnosis of LQT1 and divided the Kv7.1 channel into 5 functional regions: the N-terminus (NT), the voltage sensor (VS, including transmembrane segments S1 to S4), the cytoplasmic loops (CL), the pore (PO, including the transmembrane segments S5, S6 and the S5-S6 extracellular linker), the C-terminus (CT). Results We studied 963 LQT1 patients: 518 (54%) females; average age 20±17 years; mean QTc at baseline ECG 465±38ms. During a mean follow-up of 8±7 years, 172 (18%) patients experienced arrhythmic events: 31 (3%) experienced one or more cardiac arrests, while 141 (15%) experienced one or more syncopal spells. We identified 188 different variants in the KCNQ1 gene, with the following distribution: 15 (8%) in the NT, 33 (18%) in the VS, 27 (14%) in the CL, 43 (23%) in the PO, 70 (37%) in the CT. The frequency of pathogenic variants per number of amino acids (a.a.) was higher in the CL region, as compared to the other domains (1 mutation every 1.4 a.a.). The duration of QTc interval was significantly longer for patients with mutations in the PO region (473±40 ms) and in the CL region (468±38 ms) as compared to the other regions (p<0.01). Importantly, in a multivariate analysis PO and CL regions were associated with a higher probability of experiencing arrhythmic events (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.95–4.29, p=0.019 and OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.0–2.49, p=0.05, respectively. Figure) than the other regions. Interestingly, the risk was independent from QTc interval duration. Conclusions Mutations affecting the PO and the CL region of the Kv7.1. channel are associated with a higher probability of experiencing arrhythmic events. This finding is clinically relevant, because it will allow for a more personalized, mutation site-specific risk stratification. Mutation site and arrhythmic events Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Italian Ministry of Research and University Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)

From Cumae to the Po: Italian Itineraries in Aeneid 6

This paper explores the Aeneid’s geopoetics and travel thematics in relation to Vergil’s inclusion of the Eridanus-Po river in his description of Elysium (Aen. 6.558-9). The paper proposes that the reference to the Eridanus evokes an aboveground journey from Cumae to the Po region that symbolically corresponds to Aeneas’ Underworld journey in Aeneid 6. To support this supposition, the paper surveys references to travel in Aeneid 6; reviews previous interpretations of 6.558-9 as well as mythical and literary traditions relating to the Eridanus; and demonstrates the fundamental role of rivers for Greco-Roman conceptualizations of geographical space. The final section of the paper speculates about how a journey from Cumae to the Po resonates with travel that Vergil himself undertook during his lifetime, and considers ways in which linking Elysium to the Po region recalls Vergil’s earlier poetic representations of his patria and imbues his Underworld with a Padane tint.

222Rn Determination in Water and Brine Samples Us-ing Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry

Liquid scintillation spectrometry (LSC) is the most common technique used for 222 Rn determination in environmental aqueous sample. In this study, the performance of water-miscible (Ultima Gold AB) and immiscible (Optiscint) liquid scintillation cocktails has been compared for different matrices. 241 Am, 90 Sr and 226 Ra standard solutions were used for LSC calibration. 214 Po region was defined as better for both cocktails. Counting efficiency of 76 % and optimum PSA level of 95 for Ultima Gold AB cocktail, and counting efficiency of 82 % and optimum PSA level of 85 for Optiscint cocktail were obtained. Both cocktails showed similar results when applied for 222 Rn activity determination in water and brine samples. However the Optiscint is recommended due to its quenching resistance. Limit of detection of 0.08 and 0.06 Bq l − 1 were obtained for water samples using a sample:cocktail ratio of 10:12 mL for Ultima Gold AB and Optiscint cocktails, respectively. Limit of detection of 0.08 and 0.04 Bq l − 1 were obtained for brine samples using a sample:cocktail ratio of 8:12 mL for Ultima Gold AB and Optiscint cocktails, respectively.

A Study of Gan Po Region Farming Customs from Dialect Special Vocabulary

The gan po region, one of the earliest rice growing places in the world, has started the history of farming in ancient times. And, through archaeological sampling and excavation, wild rice and cultivated rice,17,000 years ago and 12000 years ago, respectively, have been found by Chinese and American experts in Wannian district of Jiangxi province at the end of last century. It shows that the poyang area of Jiangxi province has become the beginning of rice farming in China early in the late paleolithic and early neolithic period, also, played an vital role in the history of rice farming in the world. The long history of agricultural civilization forms the folk culture of poyang farming, which is fully reflected in dialect vocabulary. Its folk customs reflected in the dialect vocabulary are mainly reflected in these aspects of spring plowing and sowing, rice field management, rice harvest, farmers' sacrifice and agricultural festivals and so on.

FAST ALGORITHM OF MULTI-REGION MOM-PO FOR ANTENNAS ON ELECTRICALLY LARGE PLATFORM

For the radiation problem of multi-antenna on electrical-large platform, a multi-region MoM-PO (Multi-MoM-PO) is firstly proposed in this paper. The conventional MoM-PO generally treats all the antennas as a whole MoM region, but in the Multi-MoM-PO, each antenna is classified as one MoM region. On the basis of the mutual interaction between each MoM region and PO region, the self-interactions among MoM regions are considered. Numerical examples demonstrate that the multi- region technique can effectively boost the efficiency of impedance matrix filling compared with the conventional MoM-PO. Finally, the dependence of the filling efficiency against the number of antennas on platform is discussed.

Fast wideband analysis of antennas around large platforms using hybrid numerical modeling technique

The efficient iterative method of moments and physical optics (EI-MoM–PO) hybrid formulation combined with the best uniform approximation is proposed to analyze the antenna array around the electrically large platform in this paper. In the conventional MoM–PO method, the computation of the mutual interaction matrix between the MoM and PO region is very time consuming. To facilitate the analysis of electrically large problems, the EI-MoM–PO method provides a possible way to avoid the calculation of the PO contribution in matrix form. On the other hand, the best uniform approximation is utilized to obtain the frequency response of antennas quickly and easy to be applied in EI-MoM–PO method. Finally, the frequency response of the bowtie antenna array around the electrically large platform is analyzed by the presented algorithm and the conventional one. Numerical results demonstrate the capability of the proposed technique.

Nuclear shape coexistence: A study of the even-even Hg isotopes using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing

Background: The Po, Pb, Hg, and Pt region is known for the presence of coexisting structures that correspond to different particle-hole configurations in the Shell Model language or equivalently to nuclear shapes with different deformation. Purpose: We intend to study the configuration mixing phenomenon in the Hg isotopes and to understand how different observables are influenced by it. Method: We study in detail a long chain of mercury isotopes, $^{172-200}$Hg, using the interacting boson model with configuration mixing. The parameters of the Hamiltonians are fixed through a least square fit to the known energies and absolute B(E2) transition rates of states up to $3$ MeV. Results: We obtained the IBM-CM Hamiltonians and we calculate excitation energies, B(E2)'s, quadrupole shape invariants, wave functions, isotopic shifts, and mean field energy surfaces. Conclusions: We obtain a fairly good agreement with the experimental data for all the studied observables and we conclude that the Hamiltonian and the states we obtain constitute a good approximation to the Hg isotopes.

Impact of tides in a baroclinic circulation model of the Adriatic Sea

AbstractThe impact of tides in the circulation of the Adriatic Sea is investigated by means of a nested baroclinic numerical ocean model. Tides are introduced using a modified Flather boundary condition at the open edge of the domain. The results show that tidal amplitudes and phases are reproduced correctly by the baroclinic model and tidal harmonic constants errors are comparable with those resulting from the most consolidated barotropic models. Numerical experiments were conducted to estimate and assess the impact of (i) the modified Flather lateral boundary condition; (ii) tides on temperature, salinity, and stratification structures in the basin; and (iii) tides on mixing and circulation in general. Tides induce a different momentum advective component in the basin, which in turn produces a different distribution of water masses in the basin. Tides impact on mixing and stratification in the River Po region (northwestern Adriatic) and induce semidiurnal fluctuations of salinity and temperature, in all four seasons for the former and summer alone for the latter. A clear presence of internal tides was evidenced in the northern Adriatic Sea basin, corroborating previous findings.

NOCICEPTIVE RESPONSES OF THE LATERAL THALAMIC NUCLEUS EVOKED BY PINCH IN ANESTHETIZED RATS

Pinch was used as a noxious stimulus and applied to the tail and hindlimbs of rats to investigate the nociceptive responsiveness of neurons in the lateral thalamus. Pinch stimuli were applied with calibrated pincher, and glass micropipettes filled with 3 M NaCl served as recording electrodes. The lateral thalamus of six rats under ketamine anesthesia was probed, including the ventrobasal (VB) complex and the posterior thalamic nucleus ( Po ), while the noxious stimulus was applied. Neuronal responses in the lateral thalamus were identified with the aid of an audio monitoring device and an oscilloscope, and several inclusion criteria had to be met. A total of 168 neurons were studied across the ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus (VPL), ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus (VPM), and Po of the thalamus. Of the neurons assessed in the lateral thalamus, 38 responded to the nociceptive stimuli, and most were located within the Po region of the thalamus. Very few were located in the VB. The number of responsive neurons in the anterior region of the lateral thalamus was significantly greater than the number of responsive neurons in the posterior region of the lateral thalamus. This finding indicates that the anterior region of the lateral thalamus, especially the Po area, may respond more vigorously to noxious stimuli than the posterior region.

Study of tissue engineered bone nodules by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

The key criteria for assessing the success of bone tissue engineering are the quality and quantity of the produced minerals within the cultured constructs. The accumulation of calcium ions and inorganic phosphates in culture medium serves as nucleating agents for the formation of hydroxyapatite, which is the main inorganic component of bone. Bone nodule formation is one of the hallmarks of mineralization in such cell cultures. In this study, we developed a new two-step procedure to accelerate bone formation in which mouse bone cell aggregates were produced first on various chemically treated non-adhesive substrates. After this step, the bone cells' growth and mineralization were followed in conventional culture plates. The number and size of cell aggregates were studied with light microscopy. The minerals' formation in the form of nodules produced by the cell aggregates and the bone crystal quality were studied with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The FTIR spectra of the ash specimens (mineral phase only) from thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) provided valuable information of the quality of the minerals. The υ(4) PO(4) region (550-650 cm(-1)), which reveals apatitic and non-apatitic HPO(4) or PO(4) environments, and phosphate region (910-1180 cm(-1)) were examined for the minerals produced in the form of nodules. The peak position and intensity of the spectra demonstrate that the quality of the bone produced by cell aggregates, especially from the bigger ones, which were formed on Plunoric treated substrates, exhibit a composition more similar to that of native bone. This work establishes a new protocol for high quality bone formation and characterization, with the potential to be applied to bone tissue engineering.

Late Rontan Burnished Ware in Adriatic Italy: The Archaeometric Evidence for Trade from the Central Adriatic Town of Potentia (Porto Recanati), Italy

This paper presents the results of a fabric study of the late Roman coarse wares (3rd century–6th century A.D.) from the Roman coastal town of Potentia (Porto Recanati) Marche, Italy). The petrographic analysis established the presence of several imported coarse ware classes, originating from the eastern Mediterranean to northern Africa. Of particular interest are the Adriatic common wares, which allow us to examine and define the extent, scale, and configuration of ancient trade within Adriatic Italy. While it is difficult to trace trade routes, items transported as a secondary commodity, like regional coarse wares, can help in reconstructing ancient economic interaction. The burnished coarse ware discussed here documents the ancient N-S trade routes from the Po region to the central Adriatic. Moreover, the identification of a northern Italian ware in central Adriatic Italy shows that this burnished coarse pottery had economic value and was part of a wider distribution network within the Adriatic.

Current Source Density mapping of nociceptive response in Po region of the thalamus induced by applying CO2 laser on the tail of the anesthetized rat

Event Abstract Back to Event Current Source Density mapping of nociceptive response in Po region of the thalamus induced by applying CO2 laser on the tail of the anesthetized rat C.P Chen1 and Fu-Shan Jaw1* 1 National Taiwan University, Taiwan Introduction: Thalamus plays an important role in pain processing. However, the detail mapping of pain in the thalamus is still unclear. Posterior thalamic nucleus (Po) which has close relationship with the retroinsular cortex probably has complicated role both in the motivational affective responses of pain and discriminative processing of noxious stimuli. Due to the different species used or due to high sensitivity of Po neurons to anesthetics, many different properties of Po neurons were also reported. To further study the nociceptive related characteristics of theses neurons is important to further understanding of pain processing mechanism and to proceed with pain management. The present study used 2-D current source density (CSD) based on Poisson Equalition to monitor the nociresponse of Po varied with time under light anesthesia. Methods: Eight Wistar rat weighted from 280 to 450 g were used. Ketamine (1 ml/ kg) was the anesthetics used in the experiment. Experimental protocols were ethic approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of National Taiwan University Hospital. Commercial CO2 laser was choosen as noxious stimuli. Glass microelectrode filled with 3 M NaCl was as recording electrode. Detected signals then were amplfied and filtered to be stored in the computer by A/ D card. The data was analyzed by Matlab. Results: 2-D CSD map in these coronal planes, 2.5 mm, 3.3 mm and 3.8 mm behind the bregma within Po region, were obtained. Response time latency of 60 ms was derived from averaged field potentials (Fig. 1). Nociceptive responses among these planes were shown in Fig. 2. The distribution of nociresponses even varied with time (Fig. 2C & 2D). Conclusions: The present study allowed the neuronal responses to peripheral stimuli offline monitored as time went by. This 2-D CSD analysis method should be useful for further investigating the simultaneous evoked neuronal responses in several brain regions that possibly recruited in various aspects of the nociceptive system. pic1 tn_pic1 pic2 tn_pic2 Conference: 10th International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience, Bodrum, Turkey, 1 Sep - 5 Sep, 2008. Presentation Type: Poster Presentation Topic: Neuroinformatics of Cognition Citation: Chen C and Jaw F (2008). Current Source Density mapping of nociceptive response in Po region of the thalamus induced by applying CO2 laser on the tail of the anesthetized rat. Conference Abstract: 10th International Conference on Cognitive Neuroscience. doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.09.2009.01.294 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 09 Dec 2008; Published Online: 09 Dec 2008. * Correspondence: Fu-Shan Jaw, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, f92548022@ntu.edu.tw Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers C.P Chen Fu-Shan Jaw Google C.P Chen Fu-Shan Jaw Google Scholar C.P Chen Fu-Shan Jaw PubMed C.P Chen Fu-Shan Jaw Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

New hybridization of PO, SBR, and MoM for scattering by large complex conducting objects

As a marked extension of the traditional MoM-PO (method of moment-physical optics) hybrid method, a new hybridization of PO, SBR, and MoM (MoM-SBR/PO) is presented to calculate the multi-reflection contribution in the PO region efficiently by introducing the method of SBR based on RDN notion, which avoids the time-consuming iterative procedure and the choice of proper Green's function. As compared with the traditional MoM-PO hybrid method, the calculation efficiency of the proposed method is greatly improved, and its validity is verified by numerical results.

A hybrid MM‐PO method combining UV technique for scattering from two‐dimensional target above a rough surface

AbstractIn this article, an efficient hybrid MM‐PO method combining UV technique is applied to calculate the EM scattering from a 2D PEC target above a PEC rough surface. Considering the target as the MM region and the rough surface as the PO region, the current on the rough surface is obtained through the PO approximation, leaving only unknowns on the target region. Furthermore, a UV technique is used to accelerate the coupling interaction between the target and the rough surface. With this hybrid method, large scale target/rough surface scattering problems can be solved more effectively. Using the Monte‐Carlo method to generate the rough surface, the bistatic difference field radar cross‐section of the target above a Pierson‐Morkowitz rough surface is numerically simulated. The results show good agreement when compared with the other methods. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 2957–2960, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22922

Analysis of Antenna Around NURBS Surface With Hybrid MoM-PO Technique

The hybrid method of moments and physical-optics (MoM-PO) approach is used to calculate the radiation pattern of antenna around arbitrarily shaped structure. The structure is modeled with Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces. The hybrid MoM-PO approach is implemented by modifying the impedance matrix of the MoM region with PO. Formula for the scattered PO field is deduced for cases of antenna located around NURBS surface. The stationary phase method (SPM) is applied for the integral of the induced current in the PO region. Results obtained from this method and from MoM-PO approach based on triangle facet model agree well while the former is more efficient in execution time

Using UV technique to accelerate the MM-PO method for three-dimensional radiation and scattering problem

An UV method, method of moments (MoM), physic-optic method (UV-MM-PO) hybrid technique is proposed to analyze the large-scale electromagnetic problems. In this new method, the UV decomposition technique is used to accelerate the conventional MM-PO hybrid method. With this hybrid technique, the problem is divided to MM region and PO region, and the currents are all expanded by RWG functions. The expression of interaction matrix between MM region and PO region are reformulated as a combination of two matrices: one is only related to the direction of basis functions and another is only related to the distance between source and field. The elements of the latter are smooth, and this matrix propitiously dealt with by using the UV technique. With the sampling process of the UV technique, only a few elements of the interaction matrix should be calculated, and the computational efficiency can be improved evidently. Calculated examples show that the results of this method approach those of the MM-PO method, while the computation time is much less than the latter. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 1615–1618, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21685

Analysis of Antenna Around Nurbs Surface With Iterative Mom-Po Technique

The iterative MoM-PO approach is utilized to calculate the radiation pattern of antenna around arbitrarily shaped structure. The structure is composed of Non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surfaces. The hybrid MoM-PO approach is implemented by iterating the voltage matrix of the MoM region. A more rigorous formula for the scattered field of the PO region is presented in case that the antenna is located close to the structure. The stationary phase method (SPM) is applied for the integral of the induced current in the PO region. Results obtained from this method and from iterative MoM-PO approach based on triangle facet model agree well.