Plurality Of Religions Research Articles

Missio Inter Gentes: A Pastoral Response for The CICM Religious Missionaries in Doing Mission in Today's Pluralistic World

In a world where rivalry, jealousy, hatred, and competition among religions are taking root in the heart of our society, the Church needs to look for a new trajectory to bring together the people of God. Therefore, The suggestion of the new paradigm inter gentes, defined as mission among the nations, would contribute to a peaceful interreligious dialogue. This paradigm involves understanding and respect, building bridges between different faiths, and fostering a warm and inclusive atmosphere among religions. This article presents missio inter gentes as a CICM's pastoral response to doing mission in today's pluralistic world. The CICM (Congragatio Immaculati Cordis Mariae) is an international religious missionary dedicated to the Incarnate Word under the name and patronage of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. It is a missionary Congregation founded to participate in the mission Jesus entrusted to the Church. As the world evolves, the Church also evolves and, therefore, seeks new ways to relate with others. CICM missionaries play a vital role as agents of reconciliation for interreligious dialogue as the Church faces pluralism of religions. They facilitate dialogue among the leaders of other religious denominations by promoting respect and harmony for peaceful coexistence.

Penerapan Model Dialog Sebagai Jembatan Pelaksanaan Misi

The study of dialogue in the context of pluralism of religions (multi-religious), which is also linked to the implementation of missions or preaching in religions, is not a new issue in the study of theology and the study of religions; considered by the author to be important to continue to study. The reason why dialogue linked to mission is being discussed at this time is firstly, dialogue that assumes acceptance between fellow religious believers displays the murky reality of harmonious relations between religious believers. Good dialogue to be developed by religious communities is dialogue of action and dialogue of life as a form of dialogue that is correlational and globally responsible. Second, Christian mission can be understood as an effort to lift humanity from its downturned reality.

Navigating Common Good for Religious Moderation in Indonesia's Multicultural

As a nation with highly multicultural societies, Indonesia comprises various ethnic groups, customs, cultures, and religions. This often triggers societal conflicts between tribes, cultures, and beliefs. For this reason, a model or approach is needed to increase tolerance and respect. Therefore, the researchers carry the concept of the Common Good as a concept of universal religious moderation through a philosophical approach that integrates the idea of the common good in the context of universal religious moderation. This concept emphasizes the need for cooperation between various beliefs to achieve common goals in creating an inclusive and harmonious society by emphasizing universal moral principles in developing a framework for religious moderation. Specifically, this research aims to apply the concept of the common good as a universal religious moderation value in Indonesian society as a nation with a significant plurality. The method used in this research is qualitative library research using secondary data. The results formulate the concept of universal religious moderation by carrying the idea of the common good as a solution to the problems of diversity and plurality of religions, cultures, tribes, ethnicities, and groups in Indonesia as a nation with a high level of multicultural communities.

Redefinition and Interpretation of “Religiosity” Based on the Reflection of Buddha Nature

Nowadays, scholars expect to measure religiosity in different ways, but these measurements run counter to the purpose for which “religiosity” was originally coined, which was to be highlighted and differentiated from “religion” under the “the crisis of modernity of religion”; so, this important concept should be redefined. However, the redefinition and analysis of religiosity needs to include the contribution of religious studies, thus correcting the bias of sociology of religion towards sociology, as well as the reflection on pluralism of religions. Among them, thinking about Buddha nature can provide a valuable reference for the redefining of “religiosity”. First of all, the discussion of Buddha nature can provide a philosophical and value-level supplement to the understanding of “religiosity”, making the originally flattened empirical interpretation three-dimensional; secondly, the reflection on Buddha nature influenced by Chinese culture can provide oriental wisdom for the definition of religiosity. For example, Chineseized Buddhist thought incorporates the traditional Chinese understanding of human nature. On the basis of the discussion of Buddha nature, it can be seen that “religiosity” has different emphases in different religions, but there are still areas of consistency under these different understandings and expressions. Thus, the redefinition of “religiosity” should both reflect these consistencies and address the reasons for the inconsistencies through a hierarchical division. Since the redefinition of “religiosity” is not only conducive to inter-religious dialogue, but also relates to the answer to a series of important questions, such as the prediction of the future of religions, its meaning needs to be updated in accordance with the changes in the times.

Secularization, secularism andlaicidadein Brazil: Rethinking global theoretical assumptions

AbstractCurrent studies on religion in Brazil are marked by the dispute over secularism and the boundaries between the religious and the political. This paper shows how the literature on secularization andlaicidadefollowed the social relevance of religions to adjust the focus on the subjects under research to the point that throughout the 20th century, studies were mainly dedicated to analyzing the position of the Catholic Church vis‐à‐vis the national secular state; the growth of the Pentecostals since the mid‐1990s, led to a shift in the literature dedicated to their new relevance in public life and their dispute overlaicidade. I argue that this social transformation broadened the scope of the investigation to the particularities of their presence in the public sphere and the production of Pentecostal political‐esthetic sensibilities, in contrast to the previous Catholic secularity pattern. This scenario of transformation with increased religious pluralism and conflict of public religions has enabled an understanding of the particularity of the experience of secularity in Brazil and allows us to rethink some of the previous global theoretical assumptions about secularization.

The Importance of Cared for Diversity through Multicultural Education at School Medan

Multiculturalism is a concept that is addressed to a society in the context of nationality to recognize diversity, pluralism, and diversity of races, cultures, ethnicities, and religions. The purpose of this study is to describe the model of multicultural education at the Sultan Iskandar Muda educational foundation school and to examine further the concepts and practices of holistic multicultural education. The type of research conducted is qualitative research using an ethnographic approach. Locations conducted during the study were in the area around Medan at the Sultan Iskandar Muda College Foundation, Jalan Sunggal, the informants were appointed by the Principal, Teachers, Students. The results of this study are that the application of multicultural education at YPSIM provides a belief and explanation that examines and assesses the importance of cultural and ethnic diversity in lifestyle, social experience, personal identity, educational opportunities of individuals, groups and countries. The concept of holistic multicultural education can be seen through the school's vision and policies, leadership and management, capacity and culture and school culture. So that later multicultural education can be integrated with existing subjects in schools to realize the values of tolerance, pluralism, nationalism and anti-discrimination.

RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN THE ACADEMIC ENVIRONMENT: A STUDY OF INTERNALISATION OF RELIGIOUS VALUES AND PATRIOTISM AT UNIVERSITAS LAMBUNG MANGKURAT

We are now facing a tsunami wave of social media development. Anyone and anywhere can access religious information. The impact of this correlates with the vital flow of globalization to all levels of society. The negative influence from the media development side gives a strong impetus for social insecurity. Our integrity as citizens will be at stake because of the appeal of social media. To maintain this, it is essential to strengthen and foster so as not to get out of the path of the nation's ideals. This research discusses how students establish relationships with God and each other in the frame of love for the homeland, surrounded by a plurality of religions, tribes, ethnicities, and cultures, to create an attitude of religious moderation. This type of research is included in field research with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Internalization of spiritual values and love for the homeland in students showed positive results. The results of respondent data show that the strong tendency of religious influence has a positive impact and correlates with love for the homeland. Based on the data, 60% strongly agree, and 28% agree with maintaining relationships with others regardless of anything. This reflects that students' religious understanding has shown an inclusive category, which means they can openly accept differences irrespective of religion, ethnicity, and culture, which is necessary in the Republic of Indonesia.

Religious Pluralism According to K.H. Abun Bunyamin in Tafsir Al-Ma'arif

The pluralism of religion in Indonesia has always been a significant topic of debate, given the diversity of this country, consisting of various ethnicities, cultures, and religions. Among the Islamic community, discussions regarding religious pluralism often become heated, with various arguments and evidence presented. One of the viewpoints that addresses religious pluralism is that of K.H. Abun Bunyamin, a prominent Islamic figure in the West Java region, as articulated in his book, Tafsir Al-Ma'arif. This research aims to understand Abun Bunyamin's perspective on religious pluralism in his work. The research method employed is a descriptive-analytical approach, involving problem description, in-depth analysis, and meticulous presentation of research findings. Data sources used include document analysis of Abun Bunyamin's writings and direct interviews with him. The research findings indicate that Abun Bunyamin vehemently rejects the idea of religious pluralism. His perspective is grounded in the interpretation of Surah Ali Imran, verse 85, in which he believes that religious pluralism is not only about recognizing the diversity of religions but also supporting the existence and diversity of these religions. Moreover, he opposes the view of proponents of religious pluralism who claim that all religions are true as long as they submit to God. Abun Bunyamin's perspective on religious pluralism is also influenced by his experiences and his position as the Chairman of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in Purwakarta Regency, as well as being a kiai who teaches the general public. This has made him more focused on strengthening faith and distancing himself from hatred towards individuals with different beliefs. Thus, this perspective reflects an effort to promote tolerance and harmony among religions in the diverse context of Indonesia.

Unveiling Ideology In The Interpretation Of The Qur’an In Tafsir al-Wa’ie

The development of studies on interpretation must have experienced many developments, including in Indonesia. This can be seen from various works of interpretation born in the archipelago with many kinds of patterns and methods used by the mufassir. One of the works of Tafsir in Indonesia is the result of the thoughts of Hizb at-Tahrir, an Indonesian activist, namely Rokhmat S. Labib, who authored Tafsir al-Wa'ie. The tafsir is quite thick with the views of his organization that carries the mission of the Khilāfah al-islāmiyyah; the themes raised are very ideological. In interpreting the verses of the Qur'an, they tend to be textual. The thought of Rokhmat S. Labib contained in his tafsir work criticizes the understanding of Muslims, which is mainly contaminated with Western cultures, such as pluralism of religion, religious freedom, the idea of human rights that is so broad, and so on. This interpretation can be classified as an affirmative-era interpretive work with ideological reason when viewed from its epistemological structure.

Inclusive Cultural and Religious Pluralism as an Indispensable Worldview for Peace in Africa

Abstract Historically Africa has accommodated multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, and multi-religious peoples. Hospitality is imbedded in the DNA of Africa especially in the sub-Saharan parts of the continent. Sadly armed conflicts and violence are becoming quintessential to the African nomenclature. As a result, suffering, poverty, refugees, and emigration are also becoming endemic to the continent. This article seeks to highlight the benefits of inclusive pluralism as the philosophic/theological worldview that would assist toward the healing of the conflicts and violence attendant to cultural and religious diversity in different parts of Africa. It will explore scriptural evidences of inclusive religious pluralism in Christianity and Islam as well as in African Traditional Religions beliefs and practices. It will call for a new orientation for Africans in dialogue on the mindset of inclusive pluralism to accommodate the plurality of religions and cultures that richly color the different parts of Africa.

Truth Claims and Multicultural Values in Learning Religious Education

This study analyses truth claims and multicultural values made by school teachers. This research is necessary because schools have teachers and students with different cultural, customs and religious backgrounds. These differences sometimes become obstacles to creating harmony in schools. Misunderstandings, especially in understanding religion due to students' ignorance, have triggered disputes in association at school. This type of research is field research using exploratory qualitative methods. At the same time, the research approach uses sociological-anthropological and structural-functional. This study uses primary data from interview results, while books, journal articles, and relevant literature are used as secondary data. Research data were collected using non-participant observation techniques, structured interviews, and documentation. The research objects were school principals, teachers of Islam, Christianity and Hinduism, and Muslim, Christian and Hindu students. The collected data were analyzed inductively. This study found that teachers in schools are still at the level of understanding of pluralism in religion and tend to be tolerant but have yet to implement multicultural values profoundly and equitably in schools. In addition, learning the doctrine of religious truth is in synergy with multicultural understanding in interfaith in the school environment. However, it is still applying an attitude of tolerance between religious communities. This research contributes to cultivating students' pluralist attitudes by mapping the pluralist attitudes of pro-anticipation students before conflicts occur in multicultural societies in religious education learning.

Moderasi dalam Pembelajaran Agama Islam di Madrasah dan Perguruan Tinggi

Moderation is the best choice to be applied in the world of education or in the learning process considering that acts of violence and bullying disturb the community and tolerance is the right choice to practice in social life. To create a more tolerant social life, education is needed that initiates moderation in learning, especially in Islamic religious learning because Islam is one of the subjects in schools/madrasas and tertiary institutions which makes it possible to be directed to learning that contains moderation, especially in context of religious moderation. Islamic religious learning with a concentration of religious moderation is expected to minimize acts of radicalism, considering that Indonesian society is known for its pluralism and diversity of religions, ethnicities, customs, languages, and cultures. The method used in this research is to use a qualitative type with a literature study approach. The results of this study indicate that moderation in Islamic religious learning in schools/madrasah and universities must be demonstrated by utilizing learning dimensions that are rich in religious moderation values, while the learning dimensions are, 1) Direct learning strategies in the form of drills and indirect strategies in the form of relaxation, 2) Learning models with a multidisciplinary approach, inquiry methods, discussion and question and answer techniques as well as learning objectives based on religion and Indonesianness.

Bentuk Komunikasi Antar Umat Beragama dalam Menciptakan Kerukunan di Desa Pembakulan Kecamatan Batang Alai Timur Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Tengah

Indonesia is currently faced with a plurality of religions, and of course, this plurality of religions is very vulnerable to conflict between religious communities. One area that has a plurality in the religious field is Pembakulan Village. Pembakulan Village is one of the villages that inhabits the Mount Meratus area which is very far away with modern civilization and adheres to several religions such as Christianity, Hinduism, Islam and one of them is the local religion, namely Kaharingan. Of course there are interesting which made them able to survive and live in harmony until now. And one of the factors that create harmony is good communication and a high sense of tolerance. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out how the forms of communication and forms of tolerance between religious communities in Pembakulan Village are to create harmony. Based on the results of interviews and observations of researchers, this article argues that there are two forms of communication that create harmony in Pembakulan Village, Batang Alai Timur District, Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, namely interpersonal and group and forms of tolerance, namely cooperation, mutual openness, freedom of religion and respect for religious activities.

Pluralism Theology of Nurcholis Madjid

Pluralism is an understanding of mutual respect and understanding of differences in people's lives. Nurcholish Madjid's thoughts are considered relevant for discussion. As a figure to be reckoned with in Indonesia, his existence is considered to represent the rise of reform thinking in the archipelago. His thoughts on pluralism are considered a necessity associated with the condition of religious communities in Indonesia. The statement is based on the Indonesian population's condition of religious pluralism. If the pluralism of religions adhered to is not glued together with a pluralistic perspective, then the plurality of religions has the potential to trigger conflict. This research aims to find out the thoughts of Kalam Nurcholish Madjid on Pluralism. The method used is literature study by taking references from various sources such as printed and digital books, as well as research-related journals. The results of the study show that there are three approaches used by Nurcholis Madjid in formulating the concept of Pluralism, namely first, the Tawheed approach, namely the return of human dignity and status back to its position as a creature of Allah. Humans look up "up" only to God, to fellow human beings must look in a series of equality. Second, the Philological Approach, namely the redefinition of the meaning of Islam or more precisely the expansion of the definition of Islam as an attitude of surrender, submission, and obedience to God Almighty. The third is the Historical Approach, which is the value or spirit contained in that history. In this case, every adherent of religion needs to take as an example the values of openness of the people of Medina at that time, not to take the form of the government of the Prophet Muhammad in Medina to be applied today.

Study Multiculturalism Based on The Koran

Multiculturalism is an understanding of differences, tolerance, mutual respect, and respect between human beings. Islam is a religion of Rahmatan Lil-Alamin throughout human life and the Qur’an is a guide for Muslims in it contains multicultural values. The importance of multicultural education is expected to be a solution to the reality of a diverse society both in terms of religion and culture as a potential development process that can appreciate the plurality and heterogeneity of religion, language, and culture. Philosophically, this multiculturalism departs from the assumption of human dignity and honor. And this principle is found in all the world's major religions. Because humans have a noble position, the rights attached to them must be respected and protected. The desecration and violation of these human rights are the suppression of universal humanity. To that end, there are several ways proposed by the Qur'an to respect differences and avoid conflict in a multicultural society. This paper aims to reveal the solution efforts of the Qur'an in realizing harmony in a multicultural society so that prolonged social friction does not arise.

Islam and Religion Plurality

Islamic teachings value plurality or plurality as an unavoidable empirical reality. Each religion has different directions in carrying out worship or religious ceremonies. Understanding the activities of other religions besides those we profess within ourselves will foster an attitude of tolerance. Tolerance in religion does not mean we mix religious teachings, but respect each other and help create security and comfort for people of other religions in worship. Thus the plurality (diversity) of religion is a sunnatullāh that cannot be avoided in the life of society, nation, and state. In general, religion is the primary source of values in the culture. However, these values cannot change automatically manifest in the practice of human life. In other words, the values, ideas, and spirits introduced by religion, including Islam in it, are still passive. It must be distinguished between the wealth of treasures, thoughts, and religious principles contained in the holy book, or religious book, with the ability of its adherents or institutions to interact with the role of civilization. In that realm, conflicts of interest and assertion of identity will emerge on a different scale

Plurality of Religions and Tolerance

The problem of Inter-Religious understanding is a burning issue in our time. Historically speaking, religion works as a cohesive force in society. It is also a cause of conflict and bloodshed. So, the question arises: how ‘to live together and let others to live’? It is said that peaceful co-existence of different religions is possible on the basis of logic of alternation. It allows us not only to ‘tolerate’ but also to ‘accept’ other religions. This is conducive to peace. In societal level, it becomes disturbed if there is lacking of inter-religious understanding. All religions speak of peace. Today the choice before us is between ‘living together’ in peace or ‘dying together’ in conflicts.

Confessional pluralism in Central and Eastern Europe: A GIS approach

In this recent study, we analyse the religious diversity of Central and Eastern Europe, from the Balkans up to the Baltic region. This region has many religious confessions, without claiming completeness, Roman Catholic, Reformed, Lutheran, Orthodox, Islam, Hussite and many people without any religion. The recent spatial distribution of the religious confessions has been shaped by different drivers across Central and Eastern Europe. We chose a quantitative method to visually interpret the pluralism of the religious confessions and we selected diversity indices. We calculated the diversity of the religious confessions and ethnicities in a very detailed resolution, at municipality level of each country, based on population census data of 2011. We found statistically significant relationship between the diversity of religious confessions and the diversity of ethnicities. We have also shown that near the national borders, the religious pluralism is higher than in another areas. There is statistically significant connection between the former national borders (1900s and 1930s) and the religiously plural areas. The results of this study provide the evidence of the spatial distribution of borderline syndrome and serves as a good basis for further research (theoretical and statistical) of the religion pluralism in Central-Eastern Europe.

Advocacy for Religious Plurality in Vivekananda’s Speech

This research examines Swami Vivekananda’s speech delivered in the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago in 1893 AD. It has been evaluated in the light of Mortimer Jerome Alders’s Truth in Religion: Plurality of Religion and Unity of Truth. While evaluating Vivekanand’s advocacy for plurality of religions for the global peace and order, the researchers concerns on his resistance to religious fanaticism and orthodoxy. For the study of his resistance to the exploitation and extermination adopted by the westerners in the shield of religion calling it “Civilizing Mission”, the researcher takes his essay The East and the West as the major reference. The study argues that Vivekananda’s appeal for the celebration of religious plurality counters the bigotry and fanaticism in the name of religion. It is assumed that this article has a deep substance to understand Vivekanada’s advocacy for plurality of religions, emphasizing on the tenets of pluralism in Hinduism and historical repercussions of religious hegemony.

Indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama Kota Semarang Ditinjau dari Dimensi Moderasi Beragama

This research measures the index of religious moderation in the city of Semarang and analyzes the dimensions of religious moderation that include 4 indicators of religious moderation, namely 1) national commitment, 2) tolerance, 3) anti-violence and 4) accommodative to local culture. Semarang is a city that has a plurality of religions as well as ethnic groups. This can actually be the main capital in regional development. The research method used in this study was an approach with quantitative descriptive statistics. The population of this study was Semarang people, with the number of 1,681,058 in 16 districts. The sampling technique was carried out by stratified random sampling where the representatives from each of the districts were taken. 611 people were selected as the research sample. The research focus was on the four indicators of religious moderation. Retrieval of data used a questionnaire. Data was processed descriptively. After conducting a field survey by FKUB Semarang City in 2021, the results obtained were that the religious moderation harmony index was 77.5 (very high). Furthermore, the index of the four indicators are national commitment, tolerance, anti-violence, adaptive to local culture respectively 70.23; 82.90; 77.93; 83,43. All the indexes have very good criteria, but the national commitment index is still high.