<i>Pleurotus abalonus</i> is an edible mushroom of interest for its nutritional and medicinal properties. Its commercial production has developed in tropical countries using local materials. The objective of the work is to contribute to the establishment of mycicultural practices likely to increase the productivity of oyster mushrooms using locally available materials. In the present study, the cultivation of <i>P. abalonus</i> is tested on two types of fruiting substrates: straws of <i>Imperata cylindrica</i> and <i>Andropogon gayanus</i>. The harvested straws were cut and pasteurised at boiling point for 60 minutes, then drained for 4 hours before being inoculated with the mother culture. The bags, filled with 1 kg of substrate, were incubated in a mushroom farm for 4 weeks. The best results in terms of weight, pileus diameter and average number of carpophores were obtained on <i>A. gayanus</i> straws compared to <i>I. cylindrica</i> straws. The highest average carpophore yield (6.56%) by fresh weight was obtained with <i>P. abalonus</i> on <i>A. gayanus</i> straw. For <i>I. cylindrica</i> straws, the average yield is close to 1%. Indeed, <i>A. gayanus </i>straws produced an average amount of 32.8 g of fresh carpophores from 500 g of substrate in dry mass against 4.6 g for <i>I. cylindrica </i>dry. The results show that production is better on <i>A. gayanus </i>straws compared to<i> I. cylindrica</i> straws.