Video Playback Research Articles

Collaborative video caching scheme over OFDM-based long-reach passive optical networks

Abstract Long-reach passive optical networks (LR-PONs) are now considered as a desirable access solution for cost-efficiently delivering broadband services by integrating metro network with access network, among which orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based LR-PONs gain greater research interests due to their good robustness and high spectrum efficiency. In such attractive OFDM-based LR-PONs, however, it is still challenging to effectively provide video service, which is one of the most popular and profitable broadband services, for end users. Given that more video requesters (i.e., end users) far away from optical line terminal (OLT) are served in OFDM-based LR-PONs, it is efficiency-prohibitive to use traditional video delivery model, which relies on the OLT to transmit videos to requesters, for providing video service, due to the model will incur not only larger video playback delay but also higher downstream bandwidth consumption. In this paper, we propose a novel video caching scheme that to collaboratively cache videos on distributed optical network units (ONUs) which are closer to end users, and thus to timely and cost-efficiently provide videos for requesters by ONUs over OFDM-based LR-PONs. We firstly construct an OFDM-based LR-PON architecture to enable the cooperation among ONUs while caching videos. Given a limited storage capacity of each ONU, we then propose collaborative approaches to cache videos on ONUs with the aim to maximize the local video hit ratio (LVHR), i.e., the proportion of video requests that can be directly satisfied by ONUs, under diverse resources requirements and requests distributions of videos. Simulations are finally conducted to evaluate the efficiency of our proposed scheme.

Replicas Strategy and Cache Optimization of Video Surveillance Systems Based on Cloud Storage

With the rapid development of video surveillance technology, especially the popularity of cloud-based video surveillance applications, video data begins to grow explosively. However, in the cloud-based video surveillance system, replicas occupy an amount of storage space. Also, the slow response to video playback constrains the performance of the system. In this paper, considering the characteristics of video data comprehensively, we propose a dynamic redundant replicas mechanism based on security levels that can dynamically adjust the number of replicas. Based on the location correlation between cameras, this paper also proposes a data cache strategy to improve the response speed of data reading. Experiments illustrate that: (1) our dynamic redundant replicas mechanism can save storage space while ensuring data security; (2) the cache mechanism can predict the playback behaviors of the users in advance and improve the response speed of data reading according to the location and time correlation of the front-end cameras; and (3) in terms of cloud-based video surveillance, our proposed approaches significantly outperform existing methods.

Optimal video packet distribution in multipath routing for urban VANETs

Video content streaming between two vehicles has various applications in vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs). Due to the highly dynamic nature of VANETs, video contents are usually transferred via multiple discovered routes to increase the chance of error-free packet delivery. However, vehicular routes suffer from limited lifetimes and low connectivity probabilities, which result in increasing packet loss ratio (PLR) and frequent video playback freezing. In this paper, PLR is minimized by optimally distributing video packets in multiple routes while meeting quality of service (QoS) parameters (meeting freezing delay and number of transferred video packets constraints). By doing so, reconstruction and playback of the video are achieved with guaranteed QoS. Performance evaluation of our proposed scheme shows enhancements in terms of average PLR (63.3%), average freezing delay (6%), average packet end-to-end delay (66.6%) and average number of delivered video packets (8%) after 10 seconds simulation.

Google Workloads for Consumer Devices

We are experiencing an explosive growth in the number of consumer devices, including smartphones, tablets, web-based computers such as Chromebooks, and wearable devices. For this class of devices, energy efficiency is a first-class concern due to the limited battery capacity and thermal power budget. We find that data movement is a major contributor to the total system energy and execution time in consumer devices. The energy and performance costs of moving data between the memory system and the compute units are significantly higher than the costs of computation. As a result, addressing data movement is crucial for consumer devices. In this work, we comprehensively analyze the energy and performance impact of data movement for several widely-used Google consumer workloads: (1) the Chrome web browser; (2) TensorFlow Mobile, Google's machine learning framework; (3) video playback, and (4) video capture, both of which are used in many video services such as YouTube and Google Hangouts. We find that processing-in-memory (PIM) can significantly reduce data movement for all of these workloads, by performing part of the computation close to memory. Each workload contains simple primitives and functions that contribute to a significant amount of the overall data movement. We investigate whether these primitives and functions are feasible to implement using PIM, given the limited area and power constraints of consumer devices. Our analysis shows that offloading these primitives to PIM logic, consisting of either simple cores or specialized accelerators, eliminates a large amount of data movement, and significantly reduces total system energy (by an average of 55.4% across the workloads) and execution time (by an average of 54.2%).

Difficulties when using video playback to investigate social cognition in California scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica).

Previous research has suggested that videos can be used to experimentally manipulate social stimuli. In the present study, we used the California scrub-jays’ cache protection strategies to assess whether video playback can be used to simulate conspecifics in a social context. In both the lab and the field, scrub-jays are known to exhibit a range of behaviours to protect their caches from potential pilferage by a conspecific, for example by hiding food in locations out of the observer’s view or by re-caching previously made caches once the observer has left. Here, we presented scrub-jays with videos of a conspecific observer as well as two non-social conditions during a caching period and assessed whether they would cache out of the observer’s “view” (Experiment 1) or would re-cache their caches once the observer was no longer present (Experiment 2). In contrast to previous studies using live observers, the scrub-jays’ caching and re-caching behaviour was not influenced by whether the observer was present or absent. These findings suggest that there might be limitations in using video playback of social agents to mimic real-life situations when investigating corvid decision making.

Invasive predator tips the balance of symmetrical competition between native coral-reef fishes.

The importance of competition and predation in structuring ecological communities is typically examined separately such that interactions between these processes are seldom understood. By causing large reductions in native prey, invasive predators may modify native species interactions. I conducted a manipulative field experiment in The Bahamas to investigate the possibility that the invasive Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans) alters competition between planktivorous fairy and blackcap basslets (Gramma loreto and Gramma melacara, respectively). Competition between these coral-reef fishes is known to have symmetrical effects on the juveniles of both species, whereby the feeding positions under reef ledges and growth rates of these individuals are hindered. Following baseline censuses of local populations of competing basslets, I simultaneously manipulated the abundance of lionfish on entire reefs, and the abundance of basslets in local populations under isolated ledges within each reef, resulting in three treatments: unmanipulated control populations of both basslets, reduced abundance of fairy basslet, and reduced abundance of blackcap basslet. For eight weeks, I measured the change in biomass and feeding position of 2-5cm size classes of each basslet species and calculated the growth rates of ~2cm individuals using a standard mark-and-recapture method. Experimental populations were filmed at dusk using automated video cameras to quantify the behavior of lionfish overlapping with basslets. Video playback revealed lionfish hunted across all ledge positions, regardless of which basslet species were present, yet lionfish differentially reduced the biomass of only juvenile (2cm) fairy basslet. Predation reduced the effects of interspecific competition on juvenile blackcap basslet as evidenced by corresponding shifts in feeding position toward coveted front edges of ledges and increases in growth rates that were comparable to the response of these fish in populations where competition was experimentally reduced. Thus, an invasive marine predator altered the outcome of interspecific competition via differential predation, which tipped the balance of competition between native prey species from symmetrical to asymmetrical effects on juveniles. This study reveals a newly demonstrated context in which predation can indirectly facilitate prey, further broadening our understanding of the interactive effects of predation and competition in the context of invasive species.

Battery-aware rate adaptation for extending video streaming playback time

Multimedia streaming applications are computation and network intensive that put a high demand on battery usage of mobile devices. Battery usage forms an important metric in user satisfaction, as increased battery consumption results in faster battery depletion and eventually leads to battery outage. In this paper, we propose an adaptation technique, referred as Battery-Aware Rate Adaptation (BARA) scheme, which adapts to the appropriate bit rate to prolong the battery lifetime. BARA considers both the wireless channel conditions, as well as the device’s battery level, to determine the best transmission rate for optimizing the mobile battery consumption. Actual experiment and simulation results corroborate that compared to the conventional techniques, BARA can save more than 40% of battery power, while extending the video playback time by 20%.

2D AND 3D KINEMATICS DURING LATERAL STEP-DOWN TESTING IN INDIVIDUALS WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION

The lateral step-down test is an established clinical evaluation tool to assess quality of movement in patients with knee disorders. However, this test has not been investigated in individuals after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in association with quantitative 3D motion analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the strength of association between visually-assessed quality of movement during the lateral step-down test and 3D lower limb kinematics in patients with history of ACLR. A second purpose was to compare kinematics between subgroups based on the presence or absence of faulty alignments during the task. The final purpose was to compare visually-assessed quality of movement scores between box heights during lateral step-down testing. Twenty subjects at least one year status post-ACLR (18 females, age of 24.5 ± 4.6 years and body mass index of 23.4 ± 2.3 kg/m2) performed the lateral step-down test unilaterally on the surgical limb atop four and six inch boxes. A board-certified orthopedic physical therapist scored overall quality of movement during the lateral step-down test using established criteria during 2D video playback. Lower limb kinematics were simultaneously collected using 3D motion capture. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all statistical treatments. Overall 2D quality of movement score significantly correlated (r =0.47-0.57) with 3D hip adduction and hip internal rotation across box heights. Across box heights, the presence of faulty pelvic alignment differentiated a subgroup exhibiting less peak knee flexion, and the presence of faulty knee alignment differentiated a subgroup exhibiting greater peak hip adduction. The six inch box elicited worse quality of movement compared to the four inch box. These results suggest that visually-assessed quality of movement is associated with several kinematic variables after ACLR. 2D movement deviations at the pelvis appear to consistently relate to less knee flexion, and 2D deviations at the knee appear to suggest greater hip adduction. Generally, poorer quality of movement was observed for the six inch box height. Clinically, these data suggest that interventions targeting hip abductor and knee extensor strength and neuromuscular control may be useful in the presence of poor quality of movement during lateral step-down testing. 2b.

A Bandwidth Estimation Scheme to Improve the QoE of HTTP Adaptive Streaming in the Multiple Client Environment

HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) is a promising technology for delivering video content over the Internet. HAS-based video streaming solutions rely on bandwidth estimation to select the appropriate video bitrate. Video streaming solutions that consider network conditions provide users with seamless video playback. However, when multiple clients compete for a common bottleneck link, conventional bandwidth estimation schemes that consider only one client overestimate the network bandwidth due to the ON-OFF traffic pattern. The bandwidth overestimation can cause Quality of Experience (QoE) degradation, such as unnecessary changes in video quality, and unfairness of video quality. In this paper, we propose a client-side bandwidth estimation scheme to obtain a better QoE of HAS in the multiple-client environment. The proposed scheme differentiates the client buffer status according to the buffer occupancy, and then estimates the available network bandwidth based on the buffer status and segment throughput. We evaluate the performance of HAS implemented in the ns-3 network simulator. Simulation results show that compared with the conventional schemes, the proposed scheme can enhance the QoE.

EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN WAKTU BEBAS BERMAIN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOOD POSITIVE SEBELUM KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR BAGI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

This research’s goal to know the effectiveness of giving free time playing to improve positive mood of student. The subject in this research is student in third grade elementary school which amount 30 students. The design which is used is one group pretest posttest design experiment, with pretest and posttest which is done in three days continuously. Treatment that is given 30-minute playing time divided into two sessions, students are free to play by choosing the games provided and video playback on learning. The result of data analysis is obtained by using Paired Sample T-Test is t1 -0,722 with sign 0,476; T2 -0.403 with sign 0.690; T3 -0.626 with sign 0.536 (p> 0.05), it can be concluded that in this study there is no difference in positive mood before and after students given free play time treatment. This happens because the subjects involved in the research have been accustomed to being given free time playing. Therefore, free time playing is not effective to improve students' positive mood in this school. This is evidenced by the absence of significant positive mood score between before (pretest 1, 2 and 3) after posttest 1,2 and 3 giving free time treatment.

Secrets of the Night: The Discovery and Preservation of a “Lost” Silent Film

Secrets of the NightThe Discovery and Preservation of a "Lost" Silent Film Brock Silversides (bio) and Christina Stewart (bio) A collection of sixteen films was donated to the University of Toronto's Media Commons in November 2016. It was a modest assortment and initially, apart from the fact the films were all silent, seemed unremarkable. However, during the collection processing, it soon became clear that some items were indeed extraordinary and deserved wider public exposure.1 Media Commons is a department of the University of Toronto Libraries that was established to gather, preserve, and make available for study and research Canadian and international historical and contemporary culture and history through media-based archives, microforms, and circulating audiovisual productions. The role of audiovisual productions and documents in the transmission of knowledge at every level has been long established, and interest in and usage of these resources in numerous fields are now accepted as an integral part of scholarly and journalistic research. The primary mandate of Media Commons is to support the curriculum of, and research in, the various disciplines taught at the University of Toronto. The department serves the faculty, staff, students, and alumni as well as the general public. It is divided into three sections: The Audiovisual Lending Library acquires and circulates published (commercially released) film, video, DVD, and multimedia, both fiction and nonfiction. The primary selection criteria are faculty requests for a title to be used in class or for research projects, the systematic acquisition of acknowledged "classics," important Canadian titles, and items that add to the depth and breadth of the holdings. Microforms acquires and makes available microform publications. These include, but are not limited to, rare, out-of-print, and antiquarian books; pamphlets and periodicals; runs of newspapers; archival collections; and dissertations. Media Archives acquires, preserves, and makes available archival and special collection materials of Canadian and international significance relating to the audiovisual and media communities and popular culture. Materials include, but are not limited to, historical and contemporary film/video production, radio and television advertising, electronic and nonprint journalism, broadcasting (both radio and television), photographic arts, and popular music production. The Media Archives section has in particular accumulated an array of archival collections that document the artistic, financial, legal, and production and distribution activities of individuals, organizations, and corporations. It includes collections from independent filmmakers like Ron Mann (documentaries about popular culture), larger companies such as Lionsgate Entertainment (feature films and television series), broadcast executives/visionaries like Moses Znaimer (CITY-TV, Much [End Page 132] Music, IdeaCity, Vision TV, Zoomer Media), news anchors like Peter Mansbridge (CBC's The National), collectors like Colin Geddes (feature films from Hong Kong and Taiwan), animation companies like Nelvana (television cartoons), and distributors such as Rocco Mastrangelo (feature films from Italy) Click for larger view View full resolution Figure 1. Secrets of the Night. Frame grab. Silhouette of the murderer's hand and gun. Courtesy of Media Commons, University of Toronto. Media Commons staff possess expertise in the selection, arrangement, description, and preservation and conservation of film, audio, and media materials. The department has a dedicated cold vault for long-term storage—the only one in a Canadian university—and an array of film, video, and audio playback equipment that allows it to access almost any audiovisual format. The aforementioned collection of silent films—six features, nine shorts, and one cartoon—was donated to Media Commons by Richard Scott of Mississauga, Ontario. His father, James Scott, was an accountant at Eaton's department store in Winnipeg from the mid-1930s to the late 1940s. During much of this period, Eaton's had a diverse lending library of 16mm films, much like a Blockbuster outlet in more recent years. Shortly after World War II, the store decided to discontinue the service and offered the films to its employees. The Scott family took at least sixteen silent films. [End Page 133] Scott recalls watching these in his basement as a child in the 1950s: Initially our Dad ran the projector, but he later taught us both [Richard and his brother Wayne] how to operate it with proper slack above and below the sprockets, and proper tension on the spring driven take...

A Bandwidth Variation Pattern-Differentiated Rate Adaptation for HTTP Adaptive Streaming Over an LTE Cellular Network

Currently, HTTP adaptive streaming (HAS) is the state-of-the-art technology for mobile video streaming. The rate adaptation of HAS has been designed to make a trade-off between two contrasting requirements, i.e., enhancing the quality of a video, and reducing the probability of video freezes, by adaptively switching between different video bitrates during a video playback session. This process becomes more challenging when moving onto an long term evolution (LTE) cellular network due to the unstable nature of the wireless channel. In this paper, we propose the bandwidth variation pattern-differentiated rate adaptation (BVPDRA) algorithm for LTE cellular networks. Unlike prior works, BVPDRA does not strike a balance between the stableness and responsiveness of bitrate switching in the case of bandwidth capacity variations. BVPDRA differentiates between bandwidth variation patterns of the LTE cellular network as either constant bandwidth fluctuations or instantaneous bandwidth hopping. Accordingly, BVPDRA operates with a dual character: for the constant bandwidth fluctuations, BVPDRA performs smoothed bandwidth prediction and conservative rate switching to minimize video quality version oscillations; for the instantaneous bandwidth hopping, BVPDRA performs positive bandwidth prediction and aggressive rate switching to maximize the bandwidth utilization and minimize the risk of playback stalling. We empirically evaluate the performance of BVPDRA on an LTE cellular network testbed. The results demonstrate that BVPDRA achieves a higher average bitrate, and lower rebuffering ratio with a reduced bitrate switching frequency.

Performance Characterization of Low-Latency Adaptive Streaming From Video Portals

News-based websites and portals provide significant amounts of multimedia content to accompany news stories and articles. In this context, the HTTP adaptive streaming is generally used to deliver video over the best-effort Internet, allowing smooth video playback and an acceptable Quality Of Experience (QoE). To stimulate the user engagement with the provided content, such as browsing between videos, reducing the videos’ startup time has become more and more important: while the current median load time is in the order of seconds, research has shown that the user waiting times must remain below two seconds to achieve an acceptable QoE. In this paper, four complementary components are optimized and integrated into a comprehensive framework for low-latency delivery of news-related video content: 1) server-side encoding with short video segments; 2) HTTP/2 server push at the application layer; 3) server-side user profiling to identify relevant content for a given user; and 4) client-side storage to hold proactively delivered content. Using a large data set of a major Belgian news provider, containing millions of text- and video-based article requests, we show that the proposed framework reduces the videos’ startup time in different mobile network scenarios by over 50%, thereby improving the user interaction and skimming available content.

The Effectiveness of Behavior based Safety Interventions (BBS) as an Efforts to Reduce Unsafe Action of Nurse in the Inpatient Uniti of RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang

The study was conducted to study the effectiveness of Behavior Based Safety (BBS) interventions in an effort to reduce unsafe action (how to lift patients from wheelchair to bed) with a nurse in the inpatient unit 1 Hospital Dr. Saiful Anwar (RSSA) Malang “.This study was a pre-experimental design with treatment design approach of one group pre-test and post-test design with a number of research subjects were 42 people in the inpatient unit 1, analyzed by using McNemar Tets. The method used was by means of a questionnaire, observation, interview and intervention. Intervention is given in the form of video playback associated with lifting a patient from a wheelchair to a bed. Variables used in this research was unsafe acts (unsafe action) collected through methods Critical Behavior Checklist (CBC) and the level of knowledge and characteristics of the study subjects were collected through questionnaires. McNemar test results on the level of knowledge gained value with p- value of 0.007. That is, there is a difference between knowledge before and after the intervention. Whereas the McNemar test results against unsafe acts (unsafe action) obtained p-value of 0.359. This means that there is no difference before and after intervention. Therefore, it can be concluded that the intervention of Behavior Based Safety (BBS) given to nurses in the inpatient unit 1 RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar effective only on the level of knowledge with a 77.6% rate of effectiveness. Keywords: Effectiveness, Behavior Based Safety (BBS) Interventions, Unsafe Action, McNemar Test.

RJDSS: a storage system for released judicial data

Storage System for Released Judicial Data (RJDSS) plays an important role in Judicial Publicity Visualisation Analysis System, which can provide convenience for the government and the general public. Released Judicial Data presents a number of challenges to the underlying storage system due to the characteristics of huge amount, wide variety and rapid growth. In order to improve the performance of the upper visualisation system, RJDSS is designed and implemented based on the access features of the released judicial data. Furthermore, it is optimised in system expansion, storage density and read/write performance through such key technologies as scalable distributed storage organisation strategy, highly reliable data dynamic layout mechanism and exponential-decay-based cache algorithm. The experimental results of effectiveness analysis, data import and video playback show that the RJDSS system achieves performance improvement by 3.5x, compared with the existing judicial data storage system.

Reducing Playback Rate of Audiovisual Speech Leads toaSurprising Decrease in the McGurk Effect.

We report the unexpected finding that slowing video playback decreases perception of the McGurk effect. This reduction is counter-intuitive because the illusion depends on visual speech influencing the perception of auditory speech, and slowing speech should increase the amount of visual information available to observers. We recorded perceptual data from 110 subjects viewing audiovisual syllables (either McGurk or congruent control stimuli) played back at one of three rates: the rate used by the talker during recording (the natural rate), a slow rate (50% of natural), or a fast rate (200% of natural). We replicated previous studies showing dramatic variability in McGurk susceptibility at the natural rate, ranging from 0-100% across subjects and from 26-76% across the eight McGurk stimuli tested. Relative to the natural rate, slowed playback reduced the frequency of McGurk responses by 11% (79% of subjects showed a reduction) and reduced congruent accuracy by 3% (25% of subjects showed a reduction). Fast playback rate had little effect on McGurk responses or congruent accuracy. To determine whether our results are consistent with Bayesian integration, we constructed a Bayes-optimal model that incorporated two assumptions: individuals combine auditory and visual information according to their reliability, and changing playback rate affects sensory reliability. The model reproduced both our findings of large individual differences and the playback rate effect. This work illustrates that surprises remain in the McGurk effect and that Bayesian integration provides a useful framework for understanding audiovisual speech perception.

Peer-Assisted Video Streaming With RTMFP Flash Player: A Measurement Study on PPTV

Real-time media flow protocol (RTMFP) is a protocol developed by Adobe for multimedia delivery under both client–server and peer-to-peer (P2P) paradigms. Currently, major Internet video service providers, such as PPTV and iQIYI, have already built their Web-based video streaming systems with RTMFP. In such a system, a user only needs to install a Flash Player plug-in on his Web browser, and can stream videos in a peer-assisted way. Despite its wide usage, RTMFP has received little attention from the measurement community. In this paper, we select PPTV as an example and study the RTMFP video streaming technology with a measurement approach. We reveal the architecture of PPTV’s RTMFP streaming system and show that, compared with proprietary P2P networks, the RTMFP network has a different content distribution policy, and exhibits different features on peers’ streaming behaviors, potential system bottleneck, and network dynamics. We also study RTMFP’s video transmission and find that the protocol’s selective retransmission scheme can effectively overcome packet losses and improve the video playback quality; however, the TCP-like congestion control mechanism of RTMFP does not lead to fairness between RTMFP and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) traffics, due to the mismatch between the inherited pull-based video segment distribution model of the P2P streaming application and the protocol’s built-in congestion control mechanism. This paper provides insights into the RTMFP-based video streaming technology and is helpful for people to construct better peer-assisted video systems with RTMFP.

QoE-Driven Resource Allocation for Live Video Streaming Over D2D-Underlaid 5G Cellular Networks

Recently, device-to-device (D2D)-underlaid fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks have received plenty of attention because of their ability to save network resources and to reduce energy consumption. Most existing algorithms for multimedia services over D2D networks consider only the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and ignore temporal requirements, which do not provide optimum performances. To overcome this issue, we propose a framework for a cross-layer D2D link control system, which guarantees the quality of service and improves the quality of experience (QoE) for live video streaming with different priorities and delay constraints. In this framework, we considered three techniques, including priority-based video transmission, flexible communication mode switching of user equipment, and subset-based relay assignment. According to the live video generation period, our system dynamically adjusts the ratio between cellular and D2D mode durations in each unit of the communication period for each user individually. Our proposal also considerably reduces the duration and frequency of video playback freezing by delivering at least the minimum service quality of the delivered video to the sink users even in the shadow area and therefore improves the QoE for all users while minimizing energy consumption. System-level simulation shows that the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods in terms of the average mean time to failure, average peak SNR, and average energy consumption.

Integration Application of 8K Ultra HD Video and DMS Audio Broadcast System

In recent years, people’s demand for audio and video playback quality has gradually increased. High definition video and high reduction audio are two important index. The 8K ultra-high-definition television broadcasting system was developed by Beijing HeXinChenGuang Information Technology Co., Ltd. It can broadcast ultra-high-definition uncompressed video signals with a bandwidth of 8GB/s and a resolution of 7680×4320. The Dynamic Matrix Sound (DMS) is a new multi-channel pickup system based on the principle of sound field optimization and the Huygens principle. DMS is developed by the Key Laboratory of Media Audio Education of the Communication University of China. This paper proposes a communication method that integrates the above two systems. It mainly describes an application layer protocol based on User Datagram Protocol (UDP). It focuses on the message distribution and message transmission mechanism of the protocol. The operating conditions can achieve synchronous playback of 8K ultra-high-definition video and DMS audio. The integration application of 8K ultra HD video and DMS audio broadcast system is realized.

一种基于故障录像回放的数控机床故障诊断方法

一种基于故障录像回放的数控机床故障诊断方法