Platinum Market Research Articles

Platinum market is predicted to attain a value of $9.9 bn in 2030

Platinum market is predicted to attain a value of $9.9 bn in 2030

Platinum market size $564 M by 2026, Valuates Reports.

Platinum market size $564 M by 2026, Valuates Reports.

Global platinum market (2020 to 2025) - growth, trends, and forecast

Global platinum market (2020 to 2025) - growth, trends, and forecast

Gold, platinum, and expected Bitcoin returns

This study examines the prediction power of the ratio of gold to platinum prices (GP) on Bitcoin. By using different models and data sources for Bitcoin, we find that GP predicts future Bitcoin return. When the price of gold relative to platinum increases, Bitcoin return also goes up. This finding is consistent with previous studies and contributes to the ongoing discussion whether GP can be used as an indicator for aggregate market risk. Using variance decomposition, we also find that volatility in the gold and platinum market can influence Bitcoin volatility and that this relationship shows time-varying dependency. Finally, our results are robust to including new year effects and data of different frequency. Hence, this paper contributes to the current literature of Bitcoin by showing that GP provides an important proxy of risk in the economy.

Cointegration and Causality Between the Platinum Market and the Palladium Market

Despite the fact that platinum and palladium are two out of four major precious metals and become more and more attractive as investment vehicles, there has been little research on these two markets in terms of their times series characteristics. We examine cointegrating and causal relationships between the platinum market and the palladium market. While we identify no cointegration between these two markets, we find that palladium returns and volatilities Granger-cause platinum returns and volatilities. Our findings are expected to provide critical information to financial market participants in terms of portfolio or asset management.

Who Influences the Fundamental Value of Commodity Futures in Japan?

We present evidence on asymmetric information content in the trades of six investor groups transacting in the gold, platinum, gasoline and rubber futures markets on the Tokyo Commodity Exchange. Microstructure theory suggests that traders with greater information on the efficient price should be more profitable in the long run. We find that the efficient price in the gold, platinum and gasoline markets is mainly influenced by trade-related innovations. Foreign investors have the greatest influence over the efficient price in the gold market, investment funds in the platinum market and retail investors in the gasoline market. Both trade and non-trade related innovations have an equal influence on the efficient price of rubber, with trades by investment funds having the largest information content in this market.

Fat-Tailed Distributions and Risk Management of the Platinum Spot Returns

The global platinum market has been in downturn and unstable for five consecutive years, and thus market participants are demanding effective quantitative risk management tools. Since platinum is so widely used and serves as an important investment vehicle, the importance of risk management of platinum spot returns cannot be understated. In this paper, we take advantage of a very popular econometric model, the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model, for platinum returns. We received two important findings by using the conventional GARCH models in explain daily platinum spot returns. First, it is crucial to introduce heavy-tailed distribution to explain conditional heavy tails; and second, the NRIG distribution performs better than the most widely-used heavy-tailed distribution, the Student’s t distribution.

The platinum market remains strong as industrial and auto sector increases offset a reduced demand for jewelry

The platinum market remains strong as industrial and auto sector increases offset a reduced demand for jewelry

A system dynamics model for platinum group metal supply, market price, depletion of extractable amounts, ore grade, recycling and stocks-in-use

The long term development of world primary extraction, market supply, recycling and extractable amounts of the platinum group metals platinum, palladium and rhodium was assessed. The degree of sustainability was estimated using system dynamics modelling. Compiling estimates from different sources, and considering recent technological advances in deep mining suggests that the Ultimately Recoverable Resource (URR) is about 216,000 ton of platinum group metals down to a mining depth of maximum 5km, significantly more than earlier published estimates. The world supply and production of platinum group metals was calculated using system dynamics methodology to develop the PGM-model for this study. The model combines mining, ore grade changes, trade markets, price mechanisms, supply, demand, estimates of stock-in-use, waste, dissipative losses and recycling into a whole world system. The model was run for the period of 1900⿿2400. The model outputs were successfully tested on historic data for mining rate, ore grades and platinum market price during 1900⿿2014. The model indicates that extraction will reach maximum in the period 2020⿿2050 and that market supply will peak in 2070⿿2080. The delay is caused by the effect of recycling. The outputs from the model emphasize the importance of recycling, metal conservation and elimination of dissipative losses in order to secure long term sustainable platinum group metals supply.

A Garch Model Test of The Random Walk Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence from The Platinum Market

The paper investigates whether there are periods when platinum prices follow the random walk process (weak-form efficient) and periods when they deviate from the random walk theory (mean reversion). Monthly log returns of platinum prices are examined using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) and a GARCH model with time-varying properties. A GARCH model with time-varying properties is able to capture periods when the random walk theory may be true and periods when it may be false. This study confirms the existence of random walk for platinum prices over the period January 1970 to May 2012. From the year 1999 to the year 2010, the drift parameter is positive and statistically significant. Therefore, the platinum market is regarded as weak-form efficient. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p77

Bio-Inspired Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are clean power sources, where a fuel is “burned” by means of two electrocatalytic reactions occurring simultaneously on the anode (fuel oxidation) and the cathode (oxygen reduction reaction, ORR) of the cell. Platinum is the most frequently used cathode catalyst, but its world resources are limited and the platinum market is volatile. These factors virtually prevent commercialization of PEFCs for transportation purposes. In biological environments, oxygen reduction is catalyzed by enzymes and some enzymatic oxygen reduction catalysts, e.g., copper laccase exhibit the catalytic activity superior to that of platinum.1While practical application of copper laccase is not possible due to temperature, pH, and other limitations, its excellent catalytic activity demonstrates that it is possible to develop non-precious metal based ORR electrocatalysts with higher activities than Pt.It is well known that the biological function and activity of heme proteins, which contain Fe coordinated by a porphyrin ring, can be modified through axial coordination of the metal center. These phenomena have become a foundation of our approach to create an effective bio-inspired oxygen reduction catalyst. As opposed to copper laccase, porphyrin based ORR catalysts exhibit quite reasonable stability in strongly acidic environments, such as those in PEFCs. In our talk we will present new results in our recent study on the effects of axial coordination of the iron center on oxygen reduction catalysis by selected iron porphyrins.2Special emphasis will be placed on the correlations between redox and electronic properties of the porphyrins determined using spectroelectrochemical techniques (Fig. 1) and their catalytic activity in ORR. Acknowledgements The financial support from the University of California is gratefully acknowledged. References 1) H. Schweiger, E. Vayner, and A. B. Anderson, Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 8(11) A585-A587, 20052) J. Chlistunoff, J.-M. Sansiñena, Effects of Axial Ligation and Electron Donors on Oxygen Reduction Catalysis by Metalloporphyrins, 224th ECS Meeting, San Francisco, CA, 10/27/2013-11/01/2013

Platinum Availability for Future Automotive Technologies

Platinum is an excellent catalyst, can be used at high temperatures, and is stable in many aggressive chemical environments. Consequently, platinum is used in many current industrial applications, notably automotive catalytic converters, and prospective vehicle fuel cells are expected to rely upon it. Between 2005 and 2010, the automotive industry used approximately 40% of mined platinum. Future automotive industry growth and automotive sales shifts toward new technologies could significantly alter platinum demand. The potential risks for decreased platinum availability are evaluated, using an analysis of platinum market characteristics that describes platinum's geophysical constraints, institutional efficiency, and dynamic responsiveness. Results show that platinum demand for an automotive fleet that meets 450 ppm greenhouse gas stabilization goals would require within 10% of historical growth rates of platinum supply before 2025. However, such a fleet, due largely to sales growth in fuel cell vehicles, will more strongly constrain platinum supply in the 2050 time period. While current platinum reserves are sufficient to satisfy this increased demand, decreasing platinum ore grade and continued concentration of platinum supply in a single geographic area are availability risk factors to platinum end-users.

Energy crisis upsets platinum market

Supply squeeze imminent for precious metal.

The State of the Platinum Market.

The State of the Platinum Market.