Theory Of Planned Change Research Articles

Effects of Monitoring of Teaching and Learning on the Implementation of Competency-Based Curriculum (CBC) in Early Childhood Development (Ecd) Centres in Meru Central Sub-County

The competency-based curriculum (CBC) is a set of courses or syllabi, which promote learning areas in which the learner is gifted and skilled. The curriculum was adopted in Kenya in January 2017, when such a change occurs in education various stakeholders and resources are needed to be considered for smooth implementation. However, in Kenya, various stakeholders have expressed concerns regarding implementation of CBC. The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of monitoring of teaching and learning on the implementation of competency- based curriculum (CBC) in early childhood development (ECD) centres In Meru Central Sub-County. Lewin’s Theory of Planned Change guided the research. With adoption of descriptive research design, the study targeted 84 head teachers, 256 ECDE teachers and one Sub-County Curriculum support officers (CSO) in Meru Central Sub County. The study used a sample size of 14 head teachers, 51 ECDE teachers and the CSO in charge of education in the sub county. A simple random sampling was adopted to select participating schools and stratified sampling to select the head teachers, purposive sampling was used to consider ECDE teachers as the respondents for the study and the CSO. The main data collection tools to be used in this study included; questionnaire for head teachers and the ECDE teachers, interview schedule for the CSO and the observation guide that also guided the researcher on the availability of the instructional resources. The study quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics modeled in percentages, mean and standard deviation while inferential statistics was correlated using Pearson product moment correlation. Qualitative data was analyzed using themes and prose. Discussion of the data was made, conclusion drawn from the findings and the study made conclusions recommendations and suggestions based on the research findings. The study found that that head teacher frequently monitors lesson attendance for effective implementation of CBC and invites quality assurance officers in school. The study concluded that Teachers held positive perceptions towards implementation of CBC as the head teachers were constantly following the curriculum implementation process right from classroom activities. The study recommended that the government should purchase more computers in schools for successful integration of technology in CBC program due to increasing population in schools. The purchasing of teaching and learning resources should also be prioritized especially for practical work and preparation of teaching aids for teachers.

INFLUENCE OF STRATEGIC REBRANDING ON PERFORMANCE SUSTAINABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA

Purpose: The general objective of the study was establishing the influence of strategic rebranding on performance sustainability of commercial banks. The study specifically focused on establishing the influence of brand identity, brand name, brand personality and brand element on performance sustainability of commercial banks in Kenya.
 Methodology: The study was anchored on Customer-Based Brand Equity (CBBE) Theory, Planned Change Theory, Evolution Theory and Social Judgement Theory. A descriptive survey research design was adopted in the study. The target population comprised of a list of commercial banks that had undergone rebranding between 2015 and 2020. The unit of observation comprised of operational and direct marketing participants comprising of product and brand managers, sales managers, marketing service managers, and promotional managers. Census approach was employed. The study used both primary and secondary data where a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used in gathering primary data while a secondary data collection sheet was used to collect secondary data. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed in analyzing the collected data with the help of SPSS and Ms Excel. The results of the study were displayed in form of tables and figures. Prior collection of data, a pilot study was conducted in one commercial bank to test the reliability and validity of the data collection instrument.
 Findings: The study established that strategic rebranding such as brand identity and brand personality positively and significantly influences performance sustainability of commercial bank. Brand name and brand identity were found to positively but insignificantly influence performance sustainability of the commercial banks. The results imply that increasing each of the variable with one-unit results to an increase in the levels of performance sustainability of the commercial banks with the respective beta values.
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended the commercial banks in Kenya to enhance their strategic rebranding aspects in areas of brand identity, brand name, brand personality as well as brand element since the practices bears a positive influence on the levels of performance sustainability of the institutions.

INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATION RESTRUCTURING ON PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED MEDIA FIRMS IN KENYA

Purpose: The current study sought to establish the influence of organization restructuring on performance of selected media firms in Kenya. The study specifically sought to establish the influence of cost restructuring, governance reformation, downsizing and processes centralization on performance of selected media firms in Kenya.
 Methodology: The theories that guided the study includes Transaction Cost Theory, Agency Theory, Social Exchange Theory and Planned Change Theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The target population of the study comprised of three media firms in Kenya (Nation Media Group, Royal Media Services and Standard Group Limited). A total of 340 employees in the managerial positions of the selected media firms were targeted in the study. The study adopted Yamane (1967) sampling formula in acquiring a sample of 183 respondents. The study used quantitative data that was collected from respondents using 5 point Likert scales questionnaire with closed ended questions. A pilot test was conducted prior data collection to assess the reliability and validity of the questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The study findings were presented in form of tables and figures for easier interpretation.
 Findings: The study established that Cost Restructuring, Governance Reformation and Downsizing positively and significantly influences performances of media firms and that increase in one indicator increases the levels of performances. Process Centralization was found to positively influence performance levels of media firms but to insignificant levels.
 Unique Contribution to Theory Practice and Policy: The study provided recommendations to the media firms to enhance their cost restructuring practices since the practice bears positive influence on performance, to capitalize on reforming their respective governance since the practice bears positive influence on performance, to enhance downsizing activity since the practice bears positive influence on performance and to partly focus on enhancing centralization processes since the practice bears positive but insignificant influence on performance.

Lewin’s Theory of Planned Change as a Strategic Resource

This department highlights change management strategies that may be successful in strategically planning and executing organizational change initiatives. With the goal of presenting practical approaches helpful to nurse leaders advancing organizational change, content includes evidence-based projects, tools, and resources that mobilize and sustain organizational change initiatives. In this article, the author explores the use of the Lewin's Theory of Planned Change as a strategic resource to mobilize the people side of change. An overview of the theory is provided along with a discussion of its strengths, limitations, and targeted application.

Planned change theories for nursing: review, analysis, and implications

Planned change theories for nursing: review, analysis, and implications

Planned Change Theory

In response to pilot study suggestions, researchers surveyed 176 items of nursing periodical literature which used 58 planned change theories and six nursing research utilization models between 1982 and 1992. The study identified planned change theories and described the frequency and type of use.

Evaluating Bhola??s Configurations Theory of Planned Change

In Bhola's Configurations Theory of Planned Change, the CLER Structure resides in the midst of an epistemic triangle comprised of systems theory, dialectical thinking and constructivism. Our evaluation process compared the theory with descriptive statements in the Tiffany/Lutjens Planned Change Theory Evaluation Scale and found that Bhola's Theory resonates well with nursing's needs. This suggests its application to nursing's clinical, education, administrative, and research settings.

Evaluation of Two Planned Change Theories

The Tiffany/Lutjens Planned Change Theory Evaluation Scale guides nurses in choosing an effective planned change theory. The scale asks many questions specifically related to the relevance of a change theory to nursing concerns such as significance, economy, practicality and congruence with nursing's perspective. Appropriate applications of two change theories to nursing situations are discussed.

Evaluating Planned Change Theories

A criterion-referenced instrument was developed for determining to what extent a planned change theory meets predetermined criteria of significance, agreement with nursing's perspective, clarity and consistency, economy, generality, practicality and testability. These criteria form the basis of a quantitative instrument composed of 31 evaluation questions to determine a planned change theory's suitability for nursing situations. This instrument combines well with qualitative evaluations of theory goodness and with change theorists' ratings of their own theories. Psychometric evaluation of the instrument is in progress.

Analysis of Planned Change Theories

Analysis and classification of change theories precede evaluation of such theories. Current change literature in several disciplines yielded many lists of change theory characteristics used in theory analysis. Change theories differ when addressing ethical and pragmatic consequences of change, participation, and adopter and diffusionist roles and some have an innovation bias. Analysis of planned change theories is an important precursor to theory evaluation because careful analysis suggests valuative dimensions important to nursing.

A Contingent analysis of the relationshiop between IS implementation strategies and IS success

This study suggests that based on the planned change theory the behavioral management strategies of information system (IS) implementation are divided into 3 kinds of strategies—the empirical/rational, the normative/re-educative, and the power/ coercive ones. And the integrative research framework of contingent relationships between these strategies and IS success is reasoned theoretically and hypothesized. This research model includes 10 contingency variables. Five of them relate to the characteristics of the environment under which IS is implemented and the remaining five relate to the characteristics of the task replaced or supported by an IS. An empirical analysis of 109 IS implementation projects in 57 Korean Business firms suggests the existence of three generic behavioral management strategies of IS implementation and significant contingent relationships between these strategies and IS success. That is, three generic strategies proved to be identified empirically through common factor analysis. To test the contingent relationships statistically, multiple regression analyses, in which the independent variables were the three strategies and the dependent variable was IS success, were performed for the subsamples bifurcated according to the median values of each contingency variable.