Plain Arch Research Articles

A Study of Dermatoglyphics Patterns in Relation to the Levels of Perceived Stress

Background:: Dermatoglyphics is the study of dermal ridge configuration on the skin of the fingers and palms, which can be used to diagnose chromosomal disorders and individual identification. Stress is characterizedby feeling overwhelmed with mental or emotional pressure and evokes a biological response when any intrinsic or extrinsic stimulus is applied. Stress can cause acute effects and disorders that can trigger structural changes like atrophy and decrement in weight in different brain parts with long-term effects on the nervous system. Materials and Methods:: In this cross-sectional study, fingerprints of 150 participants of Gulf Medical University with an equal number of students and faculty/ staff were obtained by fingerprint scanner. Participants were classified into low, moderate, and high-stress levels by questionnaire. Collected data were statistically analyzed to find any association between dermatoglyphics and perceived stress levels. Results:: Radial Loop was found to have the highest frequency as a percentage in all three groups. Plain whorl was the pattern with the second-highest percentage of occurrences. A notable observation was the lack of plain arch and low frequency of accidental whorl in the high-stress group. Conclusion:: The findings contribute to our understanding of the potential of dermatoglyphics as an indicator of perceived stress, opening up avenues for further research in utilizing these patterns as a non-invasive tool for assessing stress levels.

Prevention aid in qualitative analysis of dermatoglyphic patterns in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot study.

The significant differences in the fingerprint pattern frequencies in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and controls could be a possible way to identify patients with a risk of developing T2DM. The results could be used in the earlier diagnosis and treatment. The study was undertaken to find out the reliability of fingerprint patterns as a possible predictive tool for T2DM diagnosis. A total of 1,260 fingerprints were acquired using the optical contact sensor DactyScan 26i. The results of the qualitative analysis of the fingerprint pattern frequencies have been compared between T2DM patients and controls and also between the fingers to each other. We have detected the frequency of patterns: plain arch (Ap) and tented arch (At), radial loop (Lr), ulnar loop (Lu), double loop (Ld), spiral whorl (W), and plain whorl (concentric) (Wp). Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square by Statistica ver. 12. We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the frequency of individual dermatoglyphic patterns among patients with diabetes and healthy controls as follows: in the left thumb (L1) in a radial loop, double loop and spiral whorl pattern; in the left middle finger (L3) in a tented arch and radial loop; in the right ring finger (R4) in a tented arch, spiral and plain whorl; and in the right little finger (R5) in a tented arch and spiral whorl. Fingerprint pattern frequencies might be used as another screening tool and indicator in T2DM prevention. Qualitative analysis of fingerprint patterns could be useful regarding the additional prevention diagnostics of T2DM in the population.

Digital-palmar dermatoglyphics characteristics of patients living with schizophrenia in Ghana

The World Health Organization has acknowledged the gap in schizophrenia diagnoses and recommended further research to identify tools and biomarkers for the disease’s early detection. Because the skin and brain have a common ectodermal origin, dermatoglyphics are hypothesized to serve as a potential mirror for the identification of risks and characteristics of neuropsychiatric diseases. This study aimed to determine the digito-palmar dermatoglyphic patterns of schizophrenia patients in Ghana. Digito-palmar dermatoglyphics were obtained using a digital scanner, and the details studied. Individuals living with schizophrenia in Ghana were significantly characterized by low odds of vestige pattern in the hypothenar region, low odds of palmar creases 300, and high and low odds of radial loop (RL) and plain arch (PA) respectively at the finger patterns relative to the control group [OR (95% CI): vestige, 0.2 (0.06–0.69), P = 0.01; palmar creases 300, 0.1 (0.01–0.99), P = 0.049; PA, 0.4 (0.3–0.7), P < 0.001; RL, 1.9 (1.0–3.7), P = 0.044]. Individuals with schizophrenia were also characterized by low mean left-hand a-b ridge count and mean right hand atd angle compared to controls. These differences could be explored as a potential biomarker in diagnosing and early detection of schizophrenia in Ghanaians.

THREE DIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF MOVEMENT OF SKELETALLY ANCHORED MOLARS DURING LEVELING AND ALIGNMENT STAGE OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC MECHANOTHERAPY

Introduction- Alignment and leveling has been dene as “The tooth movement needed to achieve passive engagement of a plain arch wire of 0.019x0.025 dimension having standard arch form in to a correctly placed 0.022˝ bracket system.''Anchorage is an important consideration in the alignment and leveling stage of orthodontic treatment. Loss of anchorage during this stage is to be considered in the three planes of space. Aims and objectives - Three dimensional assessment of the position of skeletally anchored rst molar teeth and three dimensional assessment of the position of rst molar teeth anchored with conventional trans palatal arch using lateral cephalogram and study models, at the end of leveling and alignment stage of xed orthodontic mechanotherapy and its comparison with pretreatment position.Utimately to nd out by comparing the above measurements whether skeletally anchored molars offer more anchorage than molars anchored with conventional transpalatal arches. Materials and methods- These 30 patients were asked to participate in this study out of which 20 consented. All pre-treatment(T ) patient records were made: o study models, standard lateral cephalograms (Satlec – Pano D), extra oral and intra oral photograph. Miniscrew anchored transpalatalarch (MATPA) was placed in 12 patients(group I) and conventional transpalatal arch in 8 patients (group II). 0.022” stainless steel M.B.T. prescription brackets and tubes ( Nu- Edge, TP Orthodontics) were used and treatment mechanics described by Mc. Laughin, Bennet and Trevisi were followed in all patients. Result - This study attempted a 3-dimensional assessment of molar movement during alignment and leveling stage. The mini screw anchored trans palatal arch (MATPA) was found to offered better anchorage than the conventional trans palatal arch (TPA) .In the sagittal plane angular and linear measurements were found to have signicantly changed after leveling and alignment for conventional TPA group whereas no signicant difference were found in MATPA group. In the vertical plane, the perpendicular distance of the mesiobuccal cusp tip to the platal plane was found to be signicantly changed in conventional TPA group whereas no signicant change was measured in MATPA group. ConclusionMiniscrew anchored trans palatal arch offered better anchorage control of maxillary rst molar teeth in sagittal, vertical and transverse plane, during the leveling &amp; alignment stage of xed orthodontic mechanotherapy, when compared with conventional trans palatal arch.

Study of fingerprint pattern among medical students

Dermatoglyphics/dactylography/dactyloscopy is the scientific study of epidermal ridge pattern on fingers, palm, and soles. The fingerprint is an impression of these friction skin ridges. It is used for personal identification, diseases condition, intelligence of individual and to solve disputed paternity. To identify the distribution patterns of fingerprints amongst medical students. A cross-sectional study was done amongst 200 students out of which 100 were males and 100 were females. Finger prints were taken by using Ink Method by “Cummins and Midlo”. The four type and their subtypes were noted. The most common pattern obtained was loop and least one was arch. The ulnar loops were more than radial loops in loops subtypes. Among whorl patterns, spiral whorl followed by circular whorl was noted. In composite patterns, twinned loops and lateral pocket loops were higher in percentage than accidental and central pocket loops. In arch patterns, plain arch was higher than tented arch. In our study, Slighty different pattern was obtained as compared to worldwide.

VARIATION DIFFERENCES OF PHALANX DISTAL FINGER PRINT PATTERN ON KLEPTOMANIA PATIENS AND NON-PATIENTS IN POLICE RESORT JEMBER

Phalanx distal pattern is a curve appeared and formed an unchangeable pattern unless it is caused by a severe trauma. Phalanx distal patterns are classified into 9, namely, Plain Arch, Tentarch, Ulnar loop, and Accidental. In order to find out suspect’s identity, Indonesia Autometic Print Identification System (INAFIS) used 3 stages, which one of them is to determine pattern variation. Phalanx distal fingerprint on human can be utilized as to identify a person, whereas no one has resembled phalanx distal fingerprint even on twins. In this research, the researcher analyzed tendentious pattern variation of phalanx distal pattern on kleptomaniac in police resort office Jember. Generally, phalanx distal fingerprint pattern found on kleptomaniac tendentiously has unique pattern plain arch as the third most apparent pattern beside unlar loop and whorl, meanwhile it was found radial loop on non-patient as the third most apparent beside unlar loop and whorl which generally was phalanx distal fingerprint.

Determination of the Correlation between Dermatoglyphics and Periodontitis: A Case Control Study

Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of the disease currently being hosted response of disease susceptible individuals to the bacterial products. Fingerprint patterns, being unique, unaffected by the environment, have a unique role in identifying an individual and their phenotype characteristics. Determine the correlation between dermatoglyphics and periodontitis and to compare the patterns of individuals with healthy periodontium and those with periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Dermatoglyphic patterns of 143 patients with healthy periodontium and 143 patients with periodontitis were analysed to determine the variations of dermatoglyphic patterns: Ulnar loop (U), Radial loop (R), Whorls (W) and Arches (A). The study groups used in this study are: Control, Chronic Periodontitis (CP) and Aggressive Periodontitis (AP). Chi-square test of association (two-tailed) is used for the analysis, and the significance level is taken to be p&lt;0.05 Statistical Analysis was carried out using statistical package, SPSS (version 22.0.0.0). Results: The observations made in the study were a decrease in double loops in aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis, a decrease in ulnar loops and concentric whorls in aggressive periodontitis and an increase in transverse ulnar loops, symmetric whorls, concentric whorls and plain arches in chronic periodontitis. Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics can hence be used for early detection and implementing preventive measures for periodontitis susceptible individuals.

Fingerprint pattern of major ethnic groups among students of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai, Nigeria

This study is aimed at identifying fingerprint pattern of major ethnic groups among the students of Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University (IBBU) Lapai, which can be helpful in resource management for Niger State of Nigeria. The students were grouped into Nupe, Gwari, Kambari and Non-Nigerlites. Occasions for specific ethnic groups were target for data collection which exclude exclusion criteria. The types of finger print patterns considered include Ulnar Loop, Radial Loop, Plain Arch, Tented Arch and Accidental Whorl, Plain Whorl, Double Loop Whorl and Central Pocket Whorl. The respondents’ fingerprints were collected using inked stamp pad, printed onto designated potions on coded paper. The data collected were represented in percentage occurrence of the fingerprint patterns for each group. Ulnar Loop was the commonest fingerprint pattern among the students of IBBU Lapai. Also common to the groups of the students are absence of Double Loop Whorl on the right ring finger, left and right little fingers as well as Tented Arch not on the right Thumb of the students. The finger print marker for the groups were absence of Double Loop Whorl on the right ring finger and absence of Tented Arch on the left Thumb of Nupe, absence of Double Loop Whorl on the left index fingers of Gwari, Tented Arch not on left and right little fingers of Kambari speaking people studying in IBBU Lapai, those of the Non-Nigerlite students of IBBU Lapai lack Tented Arch on all their fingers and Double Loop Whorl not on the right index finger.

The frequency of fingerprint patterns separated by ethnicity and sex in a general population from Sydney, Australia

ABSTRACTA total of 514 individuals from the Sydney area volunteered their fingerprint scans for analysis. The prints were classified using the eight main patterns of the National Crime Information Centre system. Additional information from the volunteers, including sex and ancestry, was documented. Using this information, the frequencies of each pattern for each biogeographical ancestry (BGA) group and sex were calculated. Trends showed that males and females have a difference in the frequency of plain arches; none of the other patterns showed clear differentiation. BGA trends showed that European and Middle Eastern groups had more similar frequencies for the less common patterns (plain arch, tented arch, radial loop, central pocket loop whorl and double loop whorl). Whereas for the common patterns of ulnar loop and plain whorl, European and South Asian groups were more similar in frequency.

Aortic Arch Mapping by Computed Tomography for Actual Anatomic Studies in Times of Emerging Endovascular Therapies

The latest advances in treatment of aortic arch pathologies increasingly included endovascular technologies. For those purposes, more detailed knowledge about the specific anatomic features are of particular interest, especially with regard on the need for better suitable stent grafts or even development of "off-the-shelf" stents. The study enrolled patients undergoing computed tomography of the chest for other reasons than screening for aortic disease. Patients with aortic pathologies were excluded. Finally, 118 patients were included. Anatomic features of the aortic arch, the supra-aortic branches, distances and takeoff angles as well as specific diameters were assessed and analyzed with respect to the patients height, weight, age, and sex. A significant variability of all measurements was observed. Nonetheless, 4 recurrent types of aortic arch geometry were identified: (1) Classic arch (39%), (2) Gothic arch (39%), (3) Rectangle arch (11.9%), and (4) Plain arch (8.5%). Furthermore, the aortic diameter continuously decreased from the beginning of the ascending aorta during the after 200 mm by 24.8% (31.8 ± 3.6 mm to 23.9 ± 3.1 mm in mean). Distances from the aortic annulus to the supra-aortic branches takeoff points showed significant gender- and age-related differences with larger distances in the older and male (P < 0.001). Observed takeoff angles were 44.9 ± 15.9° for the brachiocephalic trunk, 25.7 ± 15.5° for the left common carotid artery, and 28.8 ± 14.5° for the left subclavian artery. Observed anatomic features were highly variable. It seemed that a "standard aortic arch" does not exist. Until today, the aortic arch as a dynamic and 3-dimensional entity is not fully understood. The development of "off-the-shelf" stents in the near future will be limited by this complexity and variability.

Quantifying the limits of fingerprint variability

The comparison and identification of fingerprints are made difficult by fingerprint variability arising from distortion. This study seeks to quantify both the limits of fingerprint variability when subject to heavy distortion, and the variability observed in repeated inked planar impressions. A total of 30 fingers were studied: 10 right slant loops, 10 plain whorls, and 10 plain arches. Fingers were video recorded performing several distortion movements under heavy deposition pressure: left, right, up, and down translation of the finger, clockwise and counter-clockwise torque of the finger, and planar impressions. Fingerprint templates, containing ‘true’ minutiae locations, were created for each finger using 10 repeated inked planar impressions. A minimal amount of variability, 0.18mm globally, was observed for minutiae in repeated inked planar impressions. When subject to heavy distortion minutiae can be displaced by upwards of 3mm and their orientation altered by as much as 30° in relation to their template positions. Minutiae displacements of 1mm and 10° changes in orientation are readily observed. The results of this study will allow fingerprint examiners to identify and understand the degree of variability that can be reasonably expected throughout the various regions of fingerprints.

A comparative evaluation of dermatoglyphics in different classes of malocclusion.

AimTo study associations of dermatoglyphic features with malocclusion in Indian children.Materials and methodsA total of 237 children aged 12–16 years, who attended our outpatient clinic in a government medical college, were selected. Finger and palm prints were collected, and fingertip pattern frequencies, total ridge counts (TRCs), and atd angles (formed by the triradii below the first and last digits and that in the hypothenar region of the palm) were calculated. These parameters were analyzed with their Angle’s class of malocclusion using appropriate statistical tests. Dermatoglyphic parameters were examined and asymmetry analysis was conducted in subjects with different occlusion patterns.ResultsAlthough no fingerprint pattern was found to be specific for a particular class of occlusion, increased tendencies toward high frequencies of whorls in subjects with class II malocclusion and plain arches in those with class III malocclusion were observed. Significant differences in atd angle and TRC were observed among malocclusion types (p = 0.0001). Asymmetry scores did not differ significantly.ConclusionDermatoglyphic analysis can be used as an indicator of malocclusion at an early age, thereby aiding the development of treatments aiming to establish favorable occlusion. Inheritance and twin studies, as well as those conducted in different ethnic groups, are required to examine these relationships further.

Digital dermatoglyphics: A study on Muslim population from India

The distribution of fingerprint patterns has been found to be varying amongst the different population groups across the globe. Hence, this knowledge becomes crucially important in forensic investigations. The present study was conducted on 480 healthy and consenting Muslim individuals (240 males and 240 females) from Maharashtra State in India. The aims were to determine the frequency distribution of various fingerprint patterns; establish the most and least predominant patterns; and to find out whether any statistically significant gender differences exist. Rolled finger impressions taken in duplicate on fingerprint identification slips were analysed twice by both the authors independently (so as to eliminate any error in the classification due to inter-observer and intra-observer variations). The distribution of patterns was found to be in the following order: ulnar loop (max) > spiral whorl > twinned loop > central pocket loop > concentric whorl > tented arch > plain arch > radial loop > lateral pocket > accidental (min). Applying the t-test to the obtained results, gender differences were found to be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Various dermatoglyphic indices (Pattern Intensity Index, Dankmeijer’s Index and Furuhata’s Index) were calculated and compared to the available data in various other ethnic groups and populations. A new ‘Combined Pattern Index’, is proposed.

Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of AZ80/Al Composite Plate Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing

AZ80/Al composite plate was fabricated by means of friction stir processing (FSP) aimed at the improvement of corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy. The cross-section microstructure, surface morphology and corrosion resistance of the Al composite layer were investigated. The experiment results indicated that a dense composite Al layer with superfine and uniform grains was formed, and a few amount of intermetallic compounds existed in the area of Mg/Al interface. The bonding strength of AZ80 magnesium alloy substrate and 1060 pure Al layer was proved to be high which was resulted from the metallurgical bonding of FSP. Microhardness measurement showed the continuous changing of microhardness values from the outmost surface of composite Al layer to the magnesium alloy substrate. Results of electrochemical corrosion test of the composite plate in 5 wt.% NaCl solution showed the better protection effect of the composite Al layer on the magnesium alloy in a corrosion medium. Almost the same corrosion level on the whole corrosion surface was observed which indicated the highly uniform microstructure of the composite layer. It was also proved that the plain arches on the outmost surface of the composite Al layer had no influence on the corrosion resistance of composite Al layer.

A Novel Fingerprint Re-alignment Solution that Uses the TFCP as a Reference

Fingerprint re-alignment is an important aspect in the subject of fingerprint biometrics because a fingerprint recognition system that does not attempt to re-align an involuntarily rotated fingerprint can create opportunities for falsely rejecting a legitimate subject. It can also create opportunities for security attacks where an illegitimate subject voluntarily rotates their fingerprint, as a way of tempering with the functionality of the recognition system. This manuscript presents a new fingerprint re-alignment solution that uses the True Fingerprint Center Point (TFCP) as a reference, where the TFCP is introduced as the actual center of the fingerprint image foreground. Using the TFCP as a reference point proves – in general – to be fast, independent, and efficient for all types of fingerprints. It, in particular, is useful when dealing with the type of fingerprints that belong to the Plain Arch (PA) fingerprint class. The credibility of this proposed solution is interrogated through its applicability on fingerprint ridge surface estimation and fingerprint template matching.

Noisy fingerprint classification using multilayer perceptron with fuzzy geometrical and textural features

A multilayer perceptron is used for the classification of noisy fingerprint patterns. In the first phase the input vector consists of some fuzzy geometrical features. In the second phase, we use some texture-based and directional features. The output vector is defined in terms of five classes, viz., whorl, left loop, right loop, twin loop and plain arch. Perturbation is produced randomly at pixel locations to generate noisy patterns. Cut marks and loss of information in certain random locations are also simulated. The investigation helps to demonstrate the generalization ability of the model in handling distorted fingerprint images.

Physical Characteristics of Orthodontic Wires and Archwires—Part 2

The characteristics of single spans of plain and looped archwires are examined. Plain archwires have similar flexibility in both vertical and horizontal deflections but even with thin wires, the loads applied by small deflections are very high. The incorporation of vertical loops reduces span stiffness particularly for horizontal deflections. However, if maximum flexibility is to be obtained, careful attention must be paid to the dimensions of the loops. The stiffness of the looped arch is very much greater in the vertical plane than in the horizontal plane. Bracket width has a greater influence on span stiffness than has generally been acknowledged. The wider the bracket, the stiffer a span will be. This effect is particularly important with plain arches and with looped arches in vertical deflection. The forces exerted even by small deflections of initial aligning arches are high and exceed by a considerable margin the values normally considered as light.

Plain and High Labial Arches as Corrective Agents in the Treatment of Malocclusion

Plain and High Labial Arches as Corrective Agents in the Treatment of Malocclusion

Several overbite cases treated with the lingual and plain labial arches (clinic)

Several overbite cases treated with the lingual and plain labial arches (clinic)