Places Of Religious Worship Research Articles

COVID-19 Lockdown and Access to Health Services Among People with Mental Health Problems in Nigeria

ABSTRACT This study assessed the roles of COVID-19 lockdown on access to mental health services in Nigeria. 172 patients who visited the hospital before and during the lockdown were recruited. The methods of data analyses were descriptive, correlations and binary logistic regression. The logistic regression confirmed that socioeconomics of participants predicted their likelihood to access mental health services in hospital during the COVID-19 lockdown. Participants accessed treatments in traditional healing homes, home treatment centers, and place of religious worship. Policymakers need to expand the existing programs for accessible and affordable mental health services and standardized alternatives during health emergencies.

XIVA XONLIGI HAYOTIDA MASJIDLARNING O‘RNI VA ROLI

This article covers the topic “The place and role of mosques in the life of Khiva Khanate”. In the history of the Khiva Khanate, mosques were important not only as places of religious worship, but also as centers of social and political life. The article analyzes in detail the religious functions of mosques, their place in public life, as well as their role in making political decisions. Also, the role of mosques in architecture and culture is shown. Understanding the importance of mosques in the historical context of the Khiva Khanate helps to further study the cultural heritage and social structure of this region. The article also emphasizes the need to preserve the place of mosques in modern life and their historical significance.

Public Animo in the 2020 Gubernatorial Election in Central Kalimantan during the Covid-19 Pandemic Era: Religious and Cultural Approaches

Many observers believe that holding general elections during a pandemic is ineffective in attracting public interest, including in Central Kalimantan. This study aimed to examine how the public's animo in the gubernatorial election during the Covid-19 pandemic, through religious and cultural approaches, in which the Central Kalimantan people still respected traditional and religious leaders as role models. This research used descriptive qualitative data collected through interviews with traditional and religious leaders and related documents obtained from election administrators. The findings showed that socialization was a reasonably good tool and strategy carried out by traditional leaders and religious leaders at specific events with cultural (local tradition, Dayak language) and religious approaches (through speech in churches and other religious places of worship). Socialization by traditional and religious leaders contributes to public animo in the gubernatorial election in Central Kalimantan.

Islamic monuments in Azerbaijan in the XVIII-XIX centuries (based on the documents of the Russian State Military History Archive)

The article presents the history of Islamic religious monuments in the territory of Azerbaijan in the 18th and 19th centuries. The presented scientific article includes research on the mosques and religious beliefs of the population in the territory of Azerbaijan in the 18th and 19th centuries based on the documents of the Russian State Military History Archive. From the documents in the archival materials, it is clear that the most of the population are Muslim and Islamic religious monuments are the majority. The article relies on the drawings of the master plans of Azerbaijani cities kept in the funds of the Russian State Military History Archive. It is clear from the archive materials that economic and cultural life in Azerbaijani cities revolved around the mosques, especially the Friday mosques. Thus, the cities were erected not only around the palaces of khans and rulers, but around the Friday mosques, too. Also, at the end of the study, it is possible to come to the conclusion that Juma mosques functioned not only as the religious places of worship, but also as economic, cultural and social centers. In addition, the significance of the study of the documents stored in the Russian State Military History Archive is that it is possible to restore the historical appearance of Friday mosques in the present period from the drawings stored in its funds.

From Cult to Culture. The Orsanmichele Madonna Between Art and Devotion

This paper constitutes an encompassing account of the Madonna of Orsanmichele in all its historical instances. As source of the first miracle ever recorded in the city state of Florence, in 1292, the Orsanmichele Madonna generated a cult that lasted centuries. Considering the extravagant artistic commissions on the site of the granary turned church, Orsanmichele became a place of religious worship, and, more importantly, grown into being equated with the political and spiritual identity of Florence. The panel b y Bernando Daddi and the tabernacle designed by Andrea Orcagna have generated, I argue, a parallel cult one revering the exquisite artistic draughtsman ship of the painting and that of its monumental shrine. In this paper I aim to present the dialogue be tween the Marian cult located at Orsanmichele, starting in the thirteenth century, and the artistic patronage prompted by the popularity of the miracle making image of the Virgin. My study represents a critical re visitation of the prominent book by Megan Holmes, The Miraculous Image in Renaissance Florence, published in 2013.

Znikające świadectwo wielokulturowej tradycji miasteczek oraz ich lokalnego dziedzictwa na przykładzie pejzażu językowego Dzierżoniowa (Rychbach/Reichenbach).

The aim of this paper is to discuss the reasons for erasing the testimonies of the multicultural history of small towns and their local heritage. The concept of testimony in this article will refer to the linguistic landscape that is present in the public space and which comprises different types of signs produced by both private people and institutions. It has been assumed that the linguistic landscape can transfer the knowledge about intangible, immaterial aspects – information about social composition, the history of cross cultural relations in towns such as Dzierżoniów, and the knowledge about the coexistence of ethnically, culturally and linguistically diverse communities. Linguistic landscape can also transfer knowledge about multicultural tangible heritage, which encompasses cemeteries, gravestones, places of religious worship or manufacturing companies/factories. Despite its undeniable value one can observe that socio-cultural and political events and traumas, which affected Polish citizens, can lead to the almost complete erasure of linguistic landscape from the public space.

Bulgarian Men’s Travels to Mount Athos in the Context of the Ritual Year

As several monasteries and shrines of the monastic republic Mount Athos are connected with the Bulgarian history, in some cases they function not only as places of religious worship by Bulgarian men but also as sites of national memory. Therefore, placed in the context of the ritual year of pilgrimage, as an object of research are chosen Bulgarian men’s 21st century group travels to Mount Athos. More exactly, the focus lies on the places, holidays and celebrations instigating Bulgarian men to visit different destinations at the monastic peninsula, following different routes and motives. Further attention is paid to the performed religious and commemorative practices at the various locations of the Athonite peninsula.

Strategi Internalisasi Nilai-Nilai Agama Islam kepada Masyarakat melalui Pengajian Jum’at di Kraksaan Probolinggo

People in Kraksaan City, Probolinggo District are religious. In their daily religious activities, they use the great mosque of Ar-Raudlah as a place of religious worship. This mosque is a place where they pray for five times, recite Qoran, contemplate silently (i’tikaf), and involve with religious recitation. A morning class (kuliah shubuh) at Ar-Raudlah is possibly transforming people’s mindset and behavior into more religious, since some of them act illegal lottery and money laundry. By implementing internalisation of religious values with talking (qoulan) technique, they are being regretful, aware of their sins, abandoning these forbidden behaviors, and reinforcing their understanding of Islam. Beside of kuliah shubuh, there are a new program namely interpretation of Koran to increase their understanding of Koran.Keywords: Jum’at recitation, Kraksaan people, internalisastion of Islamic values, masjid Ar Raudlah

Exploring pathways to Hospital Care for Patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias in rural South Western Uganda

BackgroundIn order to analyze use of health services and identify sources of delays in accessing the right care for patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD), understanding of care seeking pathways is needed. The objectives of this study were: (i) to explore pathways to hospital care for patients with AD/ADRD and (ii) to describe challenges experienced by the patients and their families while seeking health care.MethodsUsing purposive sampling, 30-in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted among caregivers of older adults diagnosed with dementia from rural Southwestern, Uganda. Data was analyzed using ATLAS. Ti software.ResultsThere was variability in pathways to care from individual to individual. There was one broader theme captured: points of care choice with four broader categories: hospitals, clinics, places of religious worship and traditional healers’ shrines, each with its facilitating factors, outcomes and challenges encountered. Most of the respondents reported use of hospitals at first and second visit to the health care point but places of religious worship became more common from third to sixth health care encounter. Major improvements (58.1%) were observed on hospital use but little or no help with prayers, clinics and traditional healers. The challenges experienced with formal points of care focused on lack and cost of prescribed drugs, weakening effect of the drugs, lack of skills to manage the condition, and lack of improvement in quality of life. These challenges together with knowledge gap about the disease and belief in spiritual healing facilitated the shift from formal to informal health care pathways, more particularly the places of religious worship.ConclusionsOur study findings indicate that caregivers/families of patients with dementia went to different places both formal and informal care settings while seeking health care. However, hospital point of care was more frequent at initial health care visits while places of worship took the lead at subsequent visits. Although no specific pathway reported, most of them begin with hospital (formal) and end with non-formal. We recommend that health systems carry out public awareness on dementia.

COVID-19: A Blessing or Curse on Affected Countries and its Citizens

The emergence of COVID-19, the deadly global virus brought in its wake, both positive and negative results on the general lives of citizens in the affected countries. While many countries, families and global health organizations strive in their quest daily to completely remove this pandemic, others on the other hand, though scared of the deadly virus, see it as an avenue to make gains. Individuals, private organizations and cooperate bodies have and still utilizing the ugly situation to solve their financial problems through various means. Despite the ban of social gatherings leading to closure of many religious places of worship, many men of God have yielded to online modes to carry their messages across and also get their financial remittances through. This paper seeks to examine the fortunes and misfortunes of COVID-19 in the general life of citizens in affected countries around the world and the impact of this supposed blessing or curse on the economy. Currently, implementation of policies and frameworks that tackle digital production and dissemination of misinformation about disease outbreaks is imperative. Governments that participate in truth-telling are moving faster off hazards than those that distort or hesitate the communication of the message of the disease. Corona virus has differed widely in the capital, capacities, and management / mitigation strategies needed. Good preparedness and responsiveness are also important prerequisites. The most risk-effective strategies for raising pandemic readiness, particularly in resource-constrained environments, comprise of investment in strengthening core global health systems, especially water and sewage systems; growing awareness; and immediately extinguishing pandemic-causing sparks.

Mobility and Sustainable Religious Tourism – Accessibility of Holy Sites

Getting to know the social and spatial conditions of the sustainable development of cultural and religious tourism seems to be an important and timeless problem, because the interest in this form of travel in Poland is not waning. Among tourists – pilgrims there are many people with different disabilities, the elderly and families with young children. However important, the issue of the accessibility of sanctuaries for these groups of tourists has not been the material of a broader and in-depth scientific study in Poland so far, which encourages us to consider these issues in our scientific research. A detailed analysis of the problem, focused on the possibility of removing technical, architectural and spatial barriers in the sanctuaries and in the surroundings of holy sites, seemed to the authors of particular importance in the context of the expected pilgrimage movement in Poland in 2016, in which year the international World Youth Day was organized. One of the assumed and achieved application effects of the research study was the development of the ‘Accessible Sanctuary Card’ (ASC), helpful for the practical assessment of the accessibility of places of religious worship for people with various types of disabilities. The presented paper contains the research final conclusions of the project No. 245 AWF Warsaw (grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education undertaken in 2014–2018.

Kiai Muhaimin and His Outreach Activity of Dakwah for Promoting Moderation and Preventing Conflict: Seeding Pluralism vis-a-vis Preaching Religion

Dakwah (English: Preaching) by Kiai (English: Javanese terminology referring to a Muslim cleric) commonly takes place in mosques, Islamic Boarding Schools, Majlis Taklim, or other Islamic religious forums. The dakwah is practiced mostly by inviting adherents of Islam to be a truly Muslim (Muslim Kaffah), or evoking non-Muslims to convert their religion into Islam for the sake of their salvation in the hereafter. However, a kiai in Yogyakarta who is familiarly called Kiai Muhaimin has practiced a unique style of dakwah. He preaches Islam not only in his in-group communities and habitual places but also in churches and other religious places of worship. His dakwah thus has been reaching a wide range of places of worship of besides Islamic ones. He did not call for non-Muslims to convert to Islam. Rather, he has promoted tolerance and a better understanding of pluralism. Likewise, he aims his religious standpoints on Islam in Muslim communities for seeding actual pluralism among Muslims. He has formulated a conceptual framework of Islamic moderate dakwah as a philosophical basis for building tolerance and coexistence in Indonesian multicultural society and socio-religious life. Through the organization he established, i.e., FPUB (Interfaith Brotherhood Forum), he put into practice such an Islamic moderation.

The specific nature of functioning of the centres where large religious events are organized

The functioning of the centres, where the places of religious worship are located, is connected with the occurrence of periodic impediments resulting from the large influx of pilgrims in selected periods, so called pilgrimage peaks. The research conducted is aimed at developing a functioning model of the centres in which large religious events are organized on a regular basis to facilitate more effective involvement of the city residents in providing services for arriving pilgrims – tourists and to contribute to the sustainable development of the centres with similar characteristics. The article presents selected procedures related to the organization and securing of seasonal pilgrimages and analysis of preparations for the celebration of the World Youth Day in Czestochowa, as well as presents the considerations on functioning of the city during this period.

Aesthetic and Spiritual Ecosystem Services Provided by Urban Sacred Sites

The range and use of ecosystem services provided by urban sacred sites has hardly been considered in studies of urban ecology, sustainability and human wellbeing. This paper examines the perceived ecosystem services supplied by green spaces or gardens associated with places of religious worship and appreciated by worshippers in a mid-sized town in South Africa. A questionnaire with open, closed and Likert scale questions was administered at 30 places of worship (25 with gardens and five without). Respondents identified a wide diversity of ecosystem services provided by gardens, with social ones being more recognized than ecological, and economic services the least. Approximately two-thirds of respondents visited a sacred site garden weekly or more often. The majority of respondents (96%) felt that a garden was necessary because it added to their feelings of connection with God, or helped them relax and so be better able to concentrate, and 54% stated that a garden enhanced their overall spiritual experience. Regression analysis revealed that aesthetic appreciation of a garden was significantly related to woody plant species richness, number and basal area in the garden. On the other hand, spiritual experience was positively related to woody plant basal area, but not species richness nor tree number. Neither size of the garden, nor number of years the respondents had been vising a particular sacred site had any influence on the rated spiritual or aesthetic experiences. These results reveal the widely appreciated ecosystem services provided by urban sacred spaces and their centrality in enhancing spiritual satisfaction for some.

Exploring the Domestic Homes of Sikhs in Finland as a “Cosmos of Senses”

The domestic home plays an important role in the process of socialization. In the context of migration, home becomes even more meaningful as a site for socialization, since it provides—next to the Internet, cultural events and places of religious worship—one of the few sites where young children can learn about their parent’s cultural and religious traditions in their new homelands. Grounded in data gathered through ethnographic fieldwork, this article seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which the domestic space of home is involved in the process through which young Sikhs who are growing up in Finland are made familiar with their parents’ religion. To reach this objective, I will examine home as a “cosmos of senses” that has been created by its inhabitants and the practices they perform in the course of everyday life. Applying the ethnographic lens in the study of the domestic home of Sikhs will also help us to gain a more profound understanding of Sikhism as a lived religion, as the findings presented in this article show.

Mapping Unhealthy Behavior Among Economically Active Men Using GIS in Suburban and Rural Areas of Sri Lanka

The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and certain behavioral risk factors related to NCDs (unhealthy behaviors) are becoming more common. This survey aims to map out such common unhealthy behaviors among all men 35 to 50 years old in a Medical Officer of Health area in the Western Province of Sri Lanka using a geographical information system (GIS) and an interviewer administered questionnaire by visiting all households in the study area. Data were analyzed with ARC GIS and SPSS software. Geographical areas where men with unhealthy behaviors cluster together (clusters) were identified and visually and statistically related to locations of schools, places of religious worship, and factories in the area. It was revealed that clusters of unhealthy behaviors are mostly seen in areas with less population density. Smoking and alcohol are clustering in estate areas occupied by Tamils. This way GIS mapping could be used to identify and reduce the burden of NCDs by visualizing clusters and how certain locations affect their spread.

Post-War Conflict in Sri Lanka: Violence against Sri Lankan Muslims and Buddhist Hegemony

Following the end of the thirty years old civil war in Sri Lanka, there were expectations that the post‐war period would usher in peace, development and reconciliation. The last four years have witnessed several positive developments including resettlement of people and rehabilitation of infrastructure. Nonetheless there are range of problems and policy gaps that have hindered the transition from war to sustainable peace. A key post-war challenge is that of violence against religious sites and members of religious communities. More recently, from last year, there has been an unprecedented level of violent attacks, demonstrations and hate speech targeting Sri Lanka’s Muslim population. It noted a ‘sharp uptick’ in religiously-motivated violence and said the authorities are ‘passively and sometimes actively’ condoning extremist Buddhist groups, Mainly perpetrated by Buddhist-fascist fundamentalist groups, such as the ‘Bodu Bala Sena’ or ‘Buddhist power force’ and the Hela Urmaya or Sinhala Heritage Party are the main groups behind these targeting of Muslims.The events have left the country’s second largest minority community - the Muslims feeling afraid and vulnerable which forcing a concerted campaign against them. In addition to attacks on places of religious worship there are calls to boycott Muslim shops and establishments, all of which is increasing tensions, particularly in areas where Muslims and Sinhalese live close to each other. These were virtually programmed by some prominent and influential personalities in governing circles, besides others who had a vested interest in seeing Sri Lanka imploding amid heightening ‘communal tensions.’On this context, this study focuses on the recent incident of violence against Muslims in Sri Lanka. The primary objective of this study is to examine the motive for violence against Muslims as well as impact of the violence. The fundamental questions of this research are the following: why does post-war violence and hate propaganda arise against Muslim in Sri Lanka? In which ways the violence against minorities, particularly Muslims impact on reconciliation process? And why does Buddhist nationalist hegemony arise soon after civil war in Sri Lanka? This study is based on an interpretive approach. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. In addition to primary sources, qualitative interviews were conducted with selected specialist on this particular research area. I conclude that after end of war against LTTE by government of Sri Lanka, religious tension has been increased in the recent past and the government’s reluctance even to take firm action against to perpetrators which would be helpful in restoring the rule of law and security of Sri Lankan minorities has been a big hurdle in the post-conflict situation and government are perceived to serve only the Buddhist side and to marginalize those holding legitimate grievances.

THE METRIC DOCUMENTATION OF CHAM TOWERS IN VIETNAM BY SPHERICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Abstract. The Università Politecnica delle Marche is charged of the study, survey and documentation of the Chan towers in Vietnam. The towers are spread near the coastline from latitude 16° 30', to latitude of 10° 56'. The Champa civilization flourished from 8th century till 17th century produced the Cham towers, places of religious worship. The ancient Cham people created a developed culture expressed in the architecture in the towers, which were Buddhist temples. Roughly there are six different architectonic styles and two different layouts in plan. One lay-out is that one main tower is surrounded by smaller service buildings, like walls, doors, gates; the other layout is a set of three aligned towers. We carried out the documentation with three different techniques, laser scanning, dense point clouds generation with SfM (Structure from Motion) algorithm, and mainly by Panoramic Spherical Photogrammetry (PSP). Laser scanning is indeed the best instrument but sometimes its availability is very limited for different practical and logistic reasons. The point cloud generation produced good results, but it has some problems and limitations of management too. On the other hand PSP is very quick technique in the taking phase, but the restitution is rather slow. PSP is suitable for a good metric documentation, making the Cham tower project the main project of documentation executed with spherical photogrammetry.

Mosque as Monument: The Afterlives of Jama Masjid and the Political Memories of a Royal Muslim Past

This article examines various political images of Jama Masjid of Delhi to find out the ways in which historic buildings are transformed into monuments of various kinds. More specifically, it studies a particular event of 1987 when Jama Masjid, a functional Muslim religious place of worship, was closed by its own Imam. The paper makes a broad argument that the afterlives of historical objects produce various kinds of monumentalisation. In the case of postcolonial Muslim politics, especially in north India, the commemorative capacities of historic mosques are politically evoked, not merely by stressing their religious significance as religious places of worship but also by highlighting them as a Muslim contribution to the making and remaking of the official postcolonial idea of ‘Indian heritage’.

Domesticating Modernity: The Turkish Magazine Yedigün, 1933–9

There was a time when Turkey was foreign even to its own population: it had a new constitution, a new head of state, a new capital, a new place of religious worship, a new alphabet, new social laws, a new penal code, new dress codes, a new education system, new names, a new calendar, a new weekly holiday, all as a result of the top-down modernization process enforced by the Kemalist regime. Much like tourists travelling abroad, the citizens of the new Turkish republic were in need of guidance: what to do, how to act, what to wear and how to speak. Yedigün not only provided its readers with the necessary social coordinates to find their bearings in the new landscape of modern Turkey, but also positioned Turkey as a modern country on the European map. Transcending “mere” translation, Yedigün domesticated modernity into the Turkish household, through appropriation and conversion. Passing on the Ottoman intellectual legacy of liberalism and internationalism, editor Simavi and his journalists challenged not only the West’s monopoly on modernity, but also its Kemalist interpretation. As a challenge from within the modernizing elite, it could not be written off as either behind the times or reactionary.