Placement In Reconstruction Research Articles

A mid- and long-team follow-up study of the application of single-valved bovine pericardium patches in right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction.

Pulmonary regurgitation following right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction may cause right heart dysfunction and even right heart failure. Installation of a single valve at this time point can effectively reduce pulmonary regurgitation, thereby protecting right heart function. Here, we analyzed the outcomes and mid- and long-term follow-up data of patients undergoing single-valved bovine pericardium patch (svBPP) placement for reconstruction and explored the effectiveness and gaps of svBPP in preventing right heart failure. A retrospective analysis was performed on patients undergoing RVOT reconstruction using BalMonocTM svBPP from October 2010 to August 2020. The follow up procedures included outpatient visits and collection of outcomes. The cardiac ultrasound-related indicators during the follow-up visits included ejection fraction (EF), right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (EDD), pulmonary regurgitation, and pulmonary artery stenosis. The survival rates and reoperation-free rate were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Patients includes tetralogy of Fallot, pulmonary atresia and other complex congenital heart disease. A total of 5 patients (5.7%) died during the perioperative period. Early complications included pleural effusion, cardiac insufficiency, respiratory insufficiency, chylothorax, and atelectasis, all of which were cured. After discharge, 83 patients (94.3%) were effectively followed up. During follow-up, 1 patient died and 1 patient underwent reoperation. The 1-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 98.8%, 98.8%, and 98.8%, respectively, and the reintervention-free rates for the same intervals were 98.8%, 98.8%, and 98.8%, respectively. The last follow-up ultrasound revealed severe pulmonary stenosis in 0 cases, moderate stenosis in 2 cases, mild stenosis in 7 cases, and no stenosis in 73 cases. Pulmonary regurgitation was not found in 12 patients; however, there were 2 cases of severe pulmonary regurgitation, 20 cases of moderate pulmonary regurgitation, and 48 cases of mild pulmonary regurgitation. As shown in the mid- and long-term follow-up studies, BalMonocTM svBPP has good performance in RVOT reconstruction. It can effectively eliminate or reduce pulmonary valve regurgitation and protect right heart function. Both réparation à l'Etage ventriculaire (REV) and the modified Barbero-Marcial procedure can bring growth potential and reduce reoperation rate.

The predictive effect of anatomic femoral and tibial graft tunnel placement in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction on functional and radiological outcome.

Biomechanical reports have advocated anatomic graft tunnel placement for reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) to restore knee joint stability and facilitate optimal functional outcome. However, in vivo investigations that correlate tunnel position to functional results are lacking so far. This study evaluates the anatomic accuracy of femoral and tibial tunnel apertures on postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans and compares these findings to subjective and objective clinical outcome parameters. After single-bundle PCL reconstruction, 29 patients were stratified into several subgroups according to the anatomic accuracy of femoral and tibial tunnel apertures measured on postoperative CT scans. A threshold value for the centres of the tunnel apertures was determined using a measurement grid system as a radiographic reference. To evaluate the functional and radiological results, visual analogue scale, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Tegner, Lysholm, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score and osteoarthritis scores were obtained. Comparison between functional outcome and tunnel position yielded a statistically significant difference for subjective IKDC score and angle segment α and for objective stability and tunnel position P3 but no statistically significant difference with respect to intercondylar depth, intercondylar height and tibial tunnel position P2. No correlation was found between anatomic tunnel position and present or progressive osteoarthritis on follow-up. Of the patients, 72 % classified their result as excellent and good and 90 % would repeat surgical treatment. Despite a small sample size and subject to the threshold values we used, our data indicate a potentially minor effect of anatomic tunnel placement on midterm functional outcome following PCL reconstruction.

Radiographic landmarks for tunnel placement in reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament

To verify the findings of previous studies in confirming radiographic landmarks for the femoral attachment of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), but also to define radiographic landmarks for the patellar attachment. Assess the effect of limb rotation upon these radiographic landmarks. The medial patellofemoral ligament was identified in ten fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees. A headed pin was used to mark the centre of the femoral and patellar attachments. True lateral radiographs were performed followed by lateral radiographs in 10° and 20° of internal and external rotation. Posterior-anterior and proximal-distal position of the headed pin was evaluated. The femoral attachment averaged 3.8 ± 5.0 mm anterior to the posterior femoral cortical line and 0.9 ± 2.4 mm distal to the perpendicular line intersecting the posterior aspect of Blumensaat's line. The patellar attachment averaged 7.4 ± 3.5 mm anterior to the posterior patellar cortical line, 5.4 ± 2.6 mm distal to the perpendicular line intersecting the proximal margin of the patellar articular surface. There was a significant relationship between limb rotation and distance of femoral and patellar attachment from the posterior cortical line (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0002 respectively). Radiographic landmarks for the femoral attachment of the MPFL identified in this study are comparable with other recent work. This study describes new radiographic landmarks for the patellar attachment of the MPFL and highlights that it is essential to acquire true lateral radiographs if these radiographic landmarks are to be interpreted accurately.