PKH Participants Research Articles

Efektifitas Pelaksanaan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Kelurahan Gunung Sarik Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang Sumatera Barat

The Family Hope Program (PKH) has been running since 2011. PKH aims to break the chain of poverty, and improve the quality of human resources through education and health. PKH is also one of the social assistance programs relied on by the government through various new policies to ease the burden on PKH participants. The focus of the problem to be achieved in this study is how effective the Family Hope Program (PKH) is. The methodology used in this study is quantitative descriptive by collecting data using observations, interviews, and questionnaires. The data sources obtained include primary and secondary data. The results of research in the field show that PKH in Mount Sarik is not effective in its implementation. This is influenced by several inhibiting factors such as data, errors in data collection and determination of recipients, low awareness of PKH participants, and unproductive use of funds.

Peran Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Balesono Kecamatan Ngunut Kabupaten Tulungagung

The Family Hope Program (PKH) experiences a phenomenon, such as the status of the beneficiary community is more due to the encouragement of consumerism. Thus, the beneficiary community must really utilize the assistance of the Family Hope Program (PKH) as well as possible, to improve their quality of life and welfare so that the beneficiary community does not lose assistance from the Family Hope Program (PKH). Research Location, in Balesono Village, Ngunut District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java. The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the utilization of PKH funds by PKH participants in improving welfare including the participation of PKH participants in participating in the PKH work program. The research approach used in this research uses descriptive qualitative. Data were collected using in-depth interview techniques, observation and documentation studies. Infromants were selected purposively based on criteria relevant to the research objectives. The results of this study show that PKH has a significant role in improving the welfare of the Balesono Village community, this role includes improving the quality of education, PKH helps beneficiaries to send their children to school with tuition assistance, increased access to health services The Family Hope Program (PKH) helps beneficiaries to get health services by providing health fee assistance, improving the quality of life, the Family Hope Program (PKH) helps improve the quality of life of the community through routine socialization once a month, the community has carried out their rights and obligations as beneficiaries of assistance, and assistants and related parties also provide guidance to beneficiaries to utilize assistance to improve their welfare. It is hoped that related parties for the next year will upgrade data collection so that PKH assistance funds are properly utilized. Researchers also recommend that future researchers need to examine more deeply the increasing synergy between institutions, namely village officials and assistants in the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Balesono village.

Pelaksanaan Mekanisme Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Kota Medan

The PKH mechanism is also regulated based on Minister of Social Affairs Regulation No. Minister of Social Affairs Regulation no. 1 of 2018 concerning the Family Hope Program, which includes planning, determining prospective PKH participants, validating data on potential PKH beneficiary recipients, determining PKH beneficiary families, distributing PKH social assistance, PKH assistance, increasing family capacity, verifying PKH KPM commitments, updating data KPM PKH, transformation of PKH participation. The type of research used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data sources in this research are primary data and secondary data. The research informants were the Head of the Medan City Social Service, Secretary of the Social Service, Coordinator of the Family Hope Program Implementation Unit, beneficiary family recipients, and Head of the KPM Group. Data collection techniques can be done in several ways, namely interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques: data collection stage, data reduction stage, data presentation stage and conclusion drawing stage. Research results: In general, the PKH implementation mechanism is based on Article 32 of the Ministry of Social Affairs Regulation No. 1 of 2018, there are 10 stages in the PKH implementation mechanism, all the main processes in implementing PKH activities always involve the Social Services and PKH Facilitators and are in accordance with the PKH implementation guidelines, but have not been implemented optimally as per the stage mechanism that has been regulated. This can be seen starting from the planning process which is hampered by data proposing additional PKH beneficiary members being far from what was planned, so that it does not cover all the poor people in Medan City who receive social assistance from the Family Hope Program, the time for validating data on potential recipients is relatively short, resulting in the determination of PKH beneficiary families that are not on target.

Manajemen Keuangan Rumah Tangga: Pengenalan Pengelolaan Keuangan Pada Ibu-ibu Peserta Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Kelurahan Kroman, Kecamatan Gresik, Kabupaten Gresik


 
 
 
 
 Abstract
 
 Household financial management is an important thing to do in managing finances. Household Financial Management is the process of managing income, expenses, investments and savings in the family to achieve short-term and long-term financial goals. This introduction to financial management is important for PKH participant mothers so that financial conditions are better so that PKH participant mothers can have financial independence. The participants in this introduction to financial management were PKH participants in Kroman village, Gresik district, Gresik regency. This introductory activity begins with a presentation on the importance of household financial management, followed by a presentation and joint practice on managing household finances in a simple way that PKH participant mothers in the Kroman sub-district can do independently and easily remember. The results of this introduction to finance activity are that PKH participant mothers understand better that income and expenses should be calculated so that they can analyze the current family financial condition. In addition, PKH participants in Kroman district know that debt in the family cannot exceed the financial condition limit.
 
 Keywords: , Financial Management, Income, Expenditures, PKH Gresik
 
 
 
 

Penerapan Program Keluarga Harapan Dan Dilematika Bagi Pengentasan Kemiskinan Dikelurahan Teluk Nilau

This research is entitled Application of the Family Hope Program and Dilemmas for Poverty Alleviation in Teluk Nilau Village. The research method used by researchers is a qualitative approach. The results of this study were: (1) the mechanism for implementing the PKH program in Teluk Nilau subdistrict was carried out in several stages, namely, regional selection and selection of PKH participants, initial meeting and validation of prospective PKH participants, verification of eligibility, data updating and initial disbursement of funds. PKH in Teluk Nilau Village is aimed at improving the health quality of children under five, pregnant women and the elderly. For the education level of elementary, middle and high school children, the distribution of PKH funds is carried out once a month in 4 stages, namely in January, April, September and December through banks (BNI, BRI and Bank Mandiri). (2) The PKH program in Teluk Nilau sub-district plays an important role in increasing community economic poverty alleviation or KPM PKH including: First, reducing the poverty rate, from the data on the number of PKH beneficiaries from the data the number of recipients is 251 down to 224 in 2021. Second, in the field of education with the PKH program assistance is able to provide an increase in the level of education. Third, in the health sector, the existence of PKH program assistance is able to play a role in increasing poverty alleviation towards improving the level of public health. (3) Regarding the obstacles that were often faced before, it was often the case that recipient cards for the Family Hope program were blocked, but for now this obstacle has almost never happened. Again, this is because the PKH beneficiaries themselves collect the assistance at the post office or bank that has been determined. So for the constraints of the family program, hope has more or less been able to top it.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Masyarakat Penerima Bantuan Program Keluarga Harapan Metode SAW

Uluwae II Village is one of the villages in the District on Nort Bajawa, Ngada Regency, whichis also a target village for receiving sicial assistance in the formof the Hope Program (PKH) assistance. PKH is a program of providing conditional social assistance to Beneficiary Families (PKM). In the particular, the objectives of PKH are to improve access and quality of education and health services for PKH participants, to in crease the education level of PKH participants, and to improve the health and nutritional status of PKH participants. Therefore, Uluwae II village official smust carefully select the right community to receive PKH assistance. In determining the PKH recipient community in Uluwae II village, it was still not right on targer, because the selection procces for the PKH recipient community was not running as expented by the community. Therefore, it is necessary to have a system to determine decision in determining the PKH recipient community. The purpose and benefit of this researchis to design and build decision support system to determine the right community to receive PKH according of the weigh to feach criterion. This research was completed through several stage, namely, collecting information through directre search at the location. The method used the SAW method to calculate the weight and determine the ranking.

Sustainability of Education for Children of Underprivileged Families through the Family Hope Program (PKH)

The sustainability of generational education is the responsibility of all parties, in the law it is affirmed that every citizen has the right to get a decent education. Therefore, the government of the Republic of Indonesia has set various policies to help the success of the compulsory education program, among the established programs is the Family Hope Program (PKH). In reality, the existence of this program has not been in accordance with the targets and targets expected by the government. Related to the problems described above, this study aims to reveal how the impact of the family hope program on improving education. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach, data were collected with interview techniques, observations and documentation studies. The results of the study are first, KPM Insights into the Family Hope Program, both Underprivileged families have understood and knew, the goals and rules contained in the Family Hope Program. Second, PKH's position to support the learning of students who come from underprivileged families is the provision of cash and non-cash assistance to PKH participants to meet the needs and administrative equipment in schools. Third, the assistance provided by PKH in supporting the learning of students who come from poor families with positive results is to ease the burden of expenditure for beneficiary families (KPM).

Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Dalam Menanggulangi Kemiskinan (Studi Kasus Di Kecamatan Pariaman Timur Kota Pariaman

The Family of Hope Program (PKH) is a program for providing conditional social assistance to families and someone who is poor and vulnerable who are registered in the integrated data program for handling the poor and processed by the Center for Social Welfare Data and Information which is designated as Beneficiary Families (KPM). This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in overcoming poverty in the East Pariaman District, Pariaman City. This type of research is a descriptive study using a qualitative analysis approach. The data collection technique was carried out by direct observation to the research location and interviewing predetermined research respondents. Respondents of this study were the Social Service, Coordinator of PKH in Pariaman City, PKH Facilitator in East Pariaman District. Based on the results of the research, the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in reducing poverty in Kota Pariaman has been running well, but has not been on target. When viewed from the condition of PKH beneficiaries, they use it to help with health, education and social costs and make PKH participants aware of the importance of education and health services.

Analisis Peran Pendamping Sosial Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Di Kecamatan Sungai Serut

Family Hope Program social assistants are Indonesian citizens who meet certain qualifications and pass the selection test and are determined through a Decree of the Director of Social Security, Ministry of Social Affairs, RI to provide assistance to PKH participants based on a work contract within a certain period of time. PKH social assistants play a role in carrying out all stages of PKH implementation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research with the research location in Sungai Serut District. Data collection was carried out using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The research aspect was adopted from Role Theory according to Jim Ife (2014) namely the facilitative role, educational role, representative role and technical role and collaborated with Social Minister Regulation No. 1 of 2018 concerning the Family Hope Program, Guidelines for Implementing the PKH 2021 and Technical Guidelines for the Distribution of PKH Non-Cash Social Assistance in 2021. This study aims to determine the role of social assistants for the Family Hope Program in Sungai Serut District. The results showed that PKH social assistants in Sungai Serut District were considered quite good in carrying out facilitative roles, while in educational, representative and technical roles there were still roles that had not been implemented due to several obstacles and others.

Pelaksanaan Kegiatan P2K2 Untuk Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Rencana Usaha Keluarga di Masa Pandemi

During this pandemic, of course, many people and especially poor families will feel economic difficulties due to being affected by the pandemic. This is driven by a decline in financial literacy and not knowing how to properly manage finances and problems that will arise in the future. The author raises the idea of forming a solution, namely the Implementation of P2K2 Activities. This activity was held in collaboration with the Batanghari District Social Service. This activity can provide basic knowledge and hone skills in managing income and expenses, as well as business planning. The method used is the socialization and training of PKH participants. The expected result of this service is that holding this activity it can provide benefits for families affected by the pandemic to have better financial management abilities during this pandemic.

Implementation Of Social Protection Policy Through Program Keluarga Harapan ( PKH) In Rural Society

This paper analyzes about the implementation of the PKH program and the factors that influence the implementation of the program. This policy evaluation research uses a qualitative approach. Data obtained by observation, interviews, and documentation. The selection of informants used a purposive technique and was developed using the snowball method. The analysis technique uses an interactive model. The results of the study show that the implementation of PKH in North Wanarejan village is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2018 concerning PKH. Supporting factors in the implementation of PKH include: 1) the enthusiasm of the residents in responding to the Program; 2) the presence of PKH recipients participating in activities; 3) active recipients of PKH assistance in implementing the program; 4) PKH recipients are easy to accept suggestions and directions from PKH facilitators. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors in the implementation of PKH include: 1) the community does not understand the regulations related to the PKH mechanism; 2) the data received by the PKH facilitator is direct data from the central government, so the data is different from the facts on the ground; 3) The names of PKH participants who are not entitled to receive assistance cannot be exchanged, replaced or added. This fact contradicts the Regulation of the Minister of Social Affairs No. 1 of 2018 concerning PKH.

Analisis Pengaruh Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Terhadap Penanggulangan Kemiskinan di Kecamatan Balubur Limbangan Kabupaten Garut

Family Hope Program (PKH) on Poverty Reduction in Balubur Limbangan, Garut Regency. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study was PKH participants in Balubur Limbangan District. The number of samples in this study were 95 people. The sampling technique in this study uses stratified random sampling. Data collection technique susing field research (Field Research) consisting of interview sand questionnaires (questionnaire research) and library research. The measurement scale uses a likert scale. In the analysis of data using a simple linear regression test using the E-views 10 program.
 The research program through the distribution of question naires using descriptive analysis illustrates the general Family program in Balubur Limbangan, Garut Regency, which has been running well. This can be seen from every implementation process that runs smoothly. From the results of research on the influence of the Family Hope Program (PKH) on poverty reduction based on the educational aspect which has an important meaning on reducing the poverty level by a percentage of 63.4%, while based on the health aspect has a significant effect on reducing the poverty level with a result of 71.5%.

Etika Kebijakan Publik Pada Program Keluarga Harapan di Kota Palopo

Ethics is one approach that is often used in public policy in the framework of public administration. The Family Hope Program is an empowerment program for underprivileged communities by providing conditional cash assistance. This study will to describe the benefits, great benefits, and benefits for as many people as possible in terms of the ethical perspective of utilitarianism from a policy in the form of a program, namely, implementation of the family of hope program in Palopo City. The object of this research is was family hope program at Palopo City. This study uses an evaluation method through a qualitative approach. Data obtained through data presentation, data reduction, verification and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that the benefits obtained to implementation of family hope program in Palopo City are based on utilitarian ethics, namely there are additional costs in meeting education and health needs. Furthermore, great benefit that can be obtained to program recipients is a change in mindset to prioritize and care more about the importance of children's education and in the health sector, namely the importance of regular check-ups to the posyandu for pregnant women and toddlers. The great benefit for as many people as possible that will be found in implementation on this program is that there is an insurance effect for program recipients, namely future security guarantees for PKH participants as a means of motivation to see education and health as potential welfare.

Etika Kebijakan Publik Pada Program Keluarga Harapan di Kota Palopo

Ethics is one approach that is often used in public policy in the framework of public administration. The Family Hope Program is an empowerment program for underprivileged communities by providing conditional cash assistance. This study will to describe the benefits, great benefits, and benefits for as many people as possible in terms of the ethical perspective of utilitarianism from a policy in the form of a program, namely, implementation of the family of hope program in Palopo City. The object of this research is was family hope program at Palopo City. This study uses an evaluation method through a qualitative approach. Data obtained through data presentation, data reduction, verification and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that the benefits obtained to implementation of family hope program in Palopo City are based on utilitarian ethics, namely there are additional costs in meeting education and health needs. Furthermore, great benefit that can be obtained to program recipients is a change in mindset to prioritize and care more about the importance of children's education and in the health sector, namely the importance of regular check-ups to the posyandu for pregnant women and toddlers. The great benefit for as many people as possible that will be found in implementation on this program is that there is an insurance effect for program recipients, namely future security guarantees for PKH participants as a means of motivation to see education and health as potential welfare.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI DANA DESA BAGI MASYARAKAT MISKIN YANG TERDAMPAK COVID-19 DI DESA SIDOREJO KECAMATAN SAWAHAN KABUPATEN NGANJUK

This research describes, analyzes and interprets the implementation of the Village Fund Cash Direct Assistance Policy for the community in Sidorejo village, especially the poor community during the Covid-19 outbreak. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach. The results of the research are that (1) the implementation of policies in the decision mentality approach from the village government is related to the determination of residents who are entitled to receive BLT Village Funds based on the results of village deliberations involving the Village Head and BPD. In addition, it is also based on provisions from the central government that BLT DD recipients are not PKH participants, but the reality on the ground is that there are still many PKH recipients who receive BLT DD. This attitude shows that there is a mentality that shows that the village government is less careful in data collection and on the other hand the mentality of the people who like to take advantage of this momentum to increase personal benefits. (2) the implementation of the policy in the system approach approach shows that the flow and mechanism of data collection have been carried out in accordance with applicable regulations, where the phase I distribution system of village funds has been running well. (3) the implementation of the policy in the collaborative network approach shows that there is still a lack of understanding between the Village Government as the implementer of the BLT DD policy and the community as the recipient of the BLT DD, where there are still people who are participating in the PKH program who in fact still receive BLT DD. This shows a lack of awareness from the community and on the other hand the lack of a validation process from the village government.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN DALAM PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN DI KECAMATAN ENOK KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR PROVINSI RIAU

This research is to find out how the Policy Implementation of the Family Hope Program as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in the Implementation of the Policy on the Family Hope Program in Enok District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province. This type of research is a qualitative approach and focuses on whether or not the problem is easy to work on in the implementation of PKH, the ability of PKH policies to structure the implementation process properly, factors outside the policy that affect the PKH process. Informants in this study were PKH Implementers and PKH Beneficiary Families. Data was collected by using observation, interview and documentation methods. The results showed that the condition of PKH participants in Enok Subdistrict since the implementation of PKH in Enok Subdistrict, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province experienced ease in accessing health and education facilities, another perceived benefit was as additional capital for their socio-economic life.

Pelaksanaan Evaluasi Program Keluarga Harapan

Based on the above background, the purpose of this study is to find out how the implementation of Article 48 of the Minister of social Affairs Regulation Number 1 2018 concerning Evaluation of bebeficiaries of the family hope program in villages Ujung Gading, Sihapas Barumun subdistrict, Padang Lawas Regency and how implemation of the participation of the beneficiaries of the family hope program in graduation Ujung Gading Villlage Sihapas Barumun subdistrict Padang Lawas regency. The type of research used by researchers is descriptive qualitative research the data used are primary and secondary data, data collection methods are observation, interviews and documents. The data collected were analyzed using editing, verification and analysis methods. Based on the results of the research above, it is obtained that implementation minister of social affairs regulation number 1 of 2018 article 48 concerning the evaluation of beneficiaries of the family of hope program in Ujung Gading village, Padang Lawas District, I can be judged that the family of hope program has been successfully implemented in Ujung Gading village and every regulation and steps recommended by the government can be implemented according to with the regulations of the ministry of social affairs. The implementation of evaluation and participant graduation still has many shortcomings and irregularities, especially for PKH participants from the closest circle of the village head.

The Influence of the Family Hope Program (PKH) Policy on Community Welfare in Kubung District, Solok Regency

The Family Hope Program and its impact on Community Welfare in Kubung District, Solok Regency, is one of the Government's policies to address poverty problems, especially meeting the health and basic education needs of children from poor families and providing assistance with conditions that must be met by participants before receiving assistance. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the implementation of the Family Hope Program in Kubung District, Kab. Solok and to find out whether the Family Hope Program has an effect on Community Welfare in the District. Kubung District of Solok. This type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative research to reveal facts related to the Family Hope Program and its impact on community welfare in the district. Lemur. The population in this study were all participants of the Family Hope Program in the district. Lemur. Determination of the sample in this study using purposive sampling technique, while the categories of samples taken by researchers were those who had become PKH participants and because the population in the study was difficult to reach as a whole, the number of samples was set at 61 people. To measure respondents' opinions through questionnaires regarding the events and symptoms they experienced, researchers used a Likert scale technique. And data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS system and data analysis through observation and interviews to strengthen the results of statistical analysis. Determination of the sample in this study using purposive sampling technique, while the categories of samples taken by researchers were those who had become PKH participants and because the population in the study was difficult to reach as a whole, the number of samples was set at 61 people. To measure respondents' opinions through questionnaires regarding the events and symptoms they experienced, researchers used a Likert scale technique. And data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS system and data analysis through observation and interviews to strengthen the results of statistical analysis. Determination of the sample in this study using purposive sampling technique, while the categories of samples taken by researchers were those who had become PKH participants and because the population in the study was difficult to reach as a whole, the number of samples was set at 61 people. To measure respondents' opinions through a questionnaire regarding the events and symptoms they experienced, researchers used a Likert scale technique. And data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS system and data analysis through observation and interviews to strengthen the results of statistical analysis. As for the categories of samples taken by researchers are those who have become PKH participants and due to the fact that the population in the study is difficult to reach as a whole, the number of samples is set at 61 people. To measure respondents' opinions through questionnaires regarding the events and symptoms they experienced, researchers used a Likert scale technique. And data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS system and data analysis through observation and interviews to strengthen the results of statistical analysis. As for the categories of samples taken by researchers are those who have become PKH participants and due to the fact that the population in the study is difficult to reach as a whole, the number of samples is set at 61 people. To measure respondents' opinions through questionnaires regarding the events and symptoms they experienced, researchers used a Likert scale technique. And data analysis using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with the SPSS system and data analysis through observation and interviews to strengthen the results of statistical analysis.

HOPE FAMILY PROGRAM FOR MUSLIM SOCIETY WELFARE: EVIDANCE FROM HOPE FAMILY WEST PEKALONGAN REGENCY

This research has a purpose to describe the implementation mechanism of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in West Pekalongan Regency and to determine the level of welfare of the PKH recipients in West Pekalongan Regency. The method used in this research is qualitative with a field research approach. Sources of data in this study are program implementers and recipients of the PKH as well as scientific publications and research reports related to public policies such as PKH. Data collection methods in this study are in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Technique and data analysis in this research are data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The results of the study concluded that the effectiveness of PKH in West Pekalongan Regency. PKH in Pekalongan which was started in 2015-2020 which aims to alleviate poverty, one of which is in West Pekalongan Regency which started in 2015 has been running effectively. The effectiveness of this program is due to the precise targeting of participants and the effective allocation of PKH funds by PKH participants to make PKH efficient and in accordance with PKH goals, so as to reduce and alleviate poverty in Pekalongan, especially West Pekalongan Regency. From an Islamic perspective, this program has the value of justice, responsibility has been carried out well because PKH officials have found accuracy in determining the recipient of assistance by PKH officers, the responsibility for assistance and the accuracy of the date and amount of aid distributed in the District of West Pekalongan.

Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Menentukan Keluarga Miskin Dalam Rangka Mendapatkan Bantuan Dana PKH

The Hope Family Program is a program that provides conditional cash transfers to Very Poor Households which have been designated as PKH participants with certain conditions. so far more programs or policies have failed to be implemented than those that have been successfully implemented, the Government Program in tackling the economic crisis that has occurred so far is by providing direct assistance to very poor families in every village throughout Indonesia. Limau Subdistrict still experiences some obstacles and problems in determining the recipients of some assistance that has been given by the central government, one of which is the Family Hope Program (PKH). Namely, the instrument must conduct a direct survey in determining who is eligible or does not get help in accordance with data that has been provided by the Social Service. The data recorded still uses paper that is very prone to be lost, wet, or even burned. Therefore we need a system or application that makes it easy to determine who the recipients of the family hope program are. As well as making stored and archived reports safely to facilitate the determination of PKH beneficiaries. The method used to determine the acceptance of PKH rocks is the Topsis Method.