Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire Research Articles

Sleep Quality in Greek Adolescent Swimmers.

The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and functional indices, swimming distance and gender in adolescent competitive swimmers. Forty-eight adolescent swimmers (boys, n = 22, 15.7 ± 1.0 years and girls, n = 26, 15.1 ± 0.8 years) were included in our study. They were assessed for handgrip strength, respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function, answered a Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI), and recorded their anthropometric and morphological characteristics and training load for the last four weeks. The results showed differences between swimming distance and chest circumference difference, between maximal inhalation and exhalation (Δchest) (p = 0.033), PSQI score (p < 0.001), and sleep quality domains for "cannot breathe comfortably" (p = 0.037) and "have pain" (p = 0.003). Binary logistic regression (chi-square = 37.457, p = 0.001) showed that the variables Δchest (p = 0.038, 95% CI: 1.05-6.07) and PSQI score (p = 0.048, 95% CI: 0.1-1.07) remained independent predictors of the swim distance groups. Girls had a lower percentage of predicted values for the maximal inspiratory pressure (p < 0.001), maximal expiratory pressure (p = 0.027), forced expiratory volume within the first second (p = 0.026), forced vital capacity (p = 0.008) and sleep quality domains for "cough or snore loudly" (p = 0.032) compared to boys. A regression analysis showed that the sleep quality score was explained by the six independent variables: respiratory muscle strength (t = 2.177, β = 0.164, p = 0.035), Δchest (t = -2.353, β = -0.17, p = 0.023), distance (t = -5.962, β = -0.475, p < 0.001), total body water (t = -7.466, β = -0.687, p < 0.001), lean body mass (t = -3.120, β = -0.434, p = 0.003), and handgrip (t = 7.752, β = 1.136, p < 0.001). Our findings demonstrate that sleep quality in adolescent swimmers is a multifactorial result of morphometric characteristics, strength and respiratory function.

0614 Characterizing Sleep in Early-Morning Shift Workers at Risk for Shift Work Disorder

Abstract Introduction Shift work is increasingly common in our 24/7 society and can cause sleep disturbances and excessive sleepiness. Roughly 10-43% of shift workers are diagnosed with shift work disorder (SWD), characterized by excessive sleepiness accompanied by reduced sleep duration and/or insomnia. While more individuals work early morning shifts (shift start 3-6AM) compared to overnight shifts, few studies have investigated this population. The aim of this study was to characterize sleep in a population of early-morning shift workers. Methods We characterized sleep in early-morning shift workers (18-65yrs) from New England who were screened for a clinical trial of a wake-promoting agent. Pre-screening consisted of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and a Shift Work Disorder Questionnaire (SWD); screening consisted of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire Questionnaire (PSQI) ; a physical exam including an ECG, CBC, urinalysis, and comprehensive metabolic panel; a home sleep test (HST), a Monitored Wakefulness Test (MWT); a physician evaluation of their excessive sleepiness (Clinical Global Impression [CGI]); and a self-evaluation regarding how sleepiness affected their everyday life (Patient Global Impression [PGI]). Only data from consented individuals who met the initial inclusion criteria of being high risk for SWD were included in the analysis. Results 158 early-morning shift workers met the pre-screening criteria and began the screening process. Most worked in retail, healthcare, maintenance, or transportation, and worked five shifts (65%) and 40+ hours (72%) per week, with a duration of 8.8±1.9 hours. 41 were screened out for abnormal findings on the PE, ECG, or screening blood/urine tests; 26 were screened out for previously un-diagnosed OSA or PLMD; 4 were ineligible for other reasons; 7 were excluded after their MWT due to long sleep latency, 20 were lost to follow-up/withdrew and 60 completed screening and met inclusion criteria. Their average (±sd) age was 37±11 years, 45% women, PSQI score 7.5±2.7, sleep duration 5.6±1.0, ESS=16.3±3.1, CGI=4.2±0.9, PGI=3.6±1.1. Conclusion Early-morning shift workers at an increased risk for SWD report short and disturbed sleep, excessive sleepiness, and a negative impact of sleepiness on their quality of life. Many have undiagnosed OSA and PLMD. Support (if any) Axsome Therapeutics, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Brigham and Women’s Hospital Center for Clinical Investigation.

The Relationship between Sleep Quality with Hemoglobin Levels and Erythrocyte Index of Medical Students at Universitas Nusa Cendana

Background: Sleep is an essential primary need where recovery occurs in the body and brain to achieve optimal health. Medical student’ sleep quality tends to be poor due to a more busy schedule of lectures and practicums than other study programs. Disruption of sleep will affect the formation of hemoglobin and erythrocyte index, which is the cause of anemia. Aim: Analyzing the relationship between sleep quality and hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte index in medical students at the Universitas Nusa Cendana. Method: An observational analytic study with a Cross-Sectional design conducted on MEDICAL students of the Faculty of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Nusa Cendana. Sleep quality data were obtained by filling out the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte index were obtained through complete blood examination with a Hematology Analyzer on 54 samples that met the inclusion criteria. Sampling was done by using the Stratified Random Sampling technique. The results were analyzed univariately and bivariate using the Chi-Square test. Results: The prevalence of poor sleep quality is 68%. Anemia occurs in 35.2% of subjects, and the most morphological features of erythrocytes were normochromic normocytic (72.2%). Bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test showed p = 0.028 (p &lt; 0.05) on the relationship between sleep quality and hemoglobin levels and p = 0.037 (p &lt; 0.05) on the relationship between sleep quality and erythrocyte index. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between sleep quality with hemoglobin levels and erythrocyte index in medical students at Nusa Cendana University.

Evaluation of Physical Activity Levels, Sleep Quality and Nutritional Habits of Paraathletes during the Pandemic Process

Background: Cancellation or postponement of sports organizations due to the Covid 19 pandemic has caused great stress for athletes. There are limited studies on how physical activity levels, nutritional habits and sleep quality are affected, especially in physically disabled athletes(paraathletes) during the pandemic process. &#x0D; Purpose: the aim of the research is to examine the physical activity, nutritional habits and sleep quality levels of paraathletes during the pandemic process.&#x0D; &#x0D; Method: Eighty- seven male paraathletes were included in the study. The personal data form required to determine the characteristics within the study subject International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ Short Form), the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire were used in a way consistent with the study. In addition to these sections, changes in participants' nutritional habits were questioned. &#x0D; &#x0D; Results: Total MET values of paraathletes were determined as 3233 ± 1421. The sleep quality index total score averages of the participants were 5.83 ± 0.80 points, indicating the level of 'poor sleep quality'. Food consumption of the participants It was found that 56% of them increased their food consumption, 28% did not change, and 18% decreased.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: The results of the study showed that physical activity, nutrition and sleep processes, which have an important place in the life cycle of paraathletes, were adversely affected during the pandemic process.

Effect of Yoga on Sleep, Self-Esteem and Wellbeing Among Overweight and Obese – A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: People with obesity have concerns related to their disturbed sleep and poor self-esteem which decreases their health-related quality of life. The study aims to see the effect of yoga on sleep quality, self-esteem, and quality of life among overweight and obese people. Method: A total of 46 overweight and obese subjects were recruited and randomly divided into Integrated Yoga (n=23) or Walking (n=23) groups. For the Yoga group, weekly 5 days one hour of Yoga was taught and the walking group was doing a one-hour walk for the same duration for 13 weeks. Loosening practices, asana, pranayama, breathing practices, and relaxation/meditation were taught to the yoga participants. Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire (PSQI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RES), and Short Form-36 (SF-36) were used to assess sleep, self-esteem, and quality of life respectively. SPSS version 20 is used for statistical analysis. Finding: After 13 weeks of intervention and post-data collection in the Yoga group, paired t-test showed significant improvement in the scores for sleep quality p(>0.001); self-esteem p(>0.001) and quality of life p(>0.001). Whereas there was no significant improvement in the walking group compared to pre scores. After 13 weeks, the PSQI score (3.892.21) was reduced significantly in the yoga group than in the walking group (8.125.05), t(34) = -3.313, p=0.002. Also, RES score (20.844.56) was increased significantly in the yoga group than in the walking (16.123.52),t(34)=3.449,p=0.002. Novelty: Yoga practice improves the sleep quality, and self-esteem among the overweight and obese people when compared to walking. Quality of life can be improved with regular yoga practice. Further studies with larger sample size and long-term follow-up are warranted. Keywords: Yoga; Obesity; Sleep; Quality of Life; SelfEsteem; Randomized Controlled Trial

Pengaruh Relaksasi Otot Progresif terhadap Kelelahan dan Kualitas Tidur pada Petani Penyadap Karet di PTPN XII Kebun Kalisanen Jember

Farmers often experience fatigue due to excessive workload and working hours. People with excessive fatigue will have sleep difficulty. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on fatigue and sleep quality on rubber tapping farmers at PTPN XII Kalisanen Garden, Jember Regency. The design used is Quasy Experimental with a pretest and posttest design with control group design. The sampling technique was simple random sampling involving 40 farmers (20 respondents in the intervention group and 20 respondents in the control group). Data collection for fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Scale questionnaire and sleep quality using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. The results of the effect of PMR on fatigue in the intervention and control groups using the independent t-test obtained results with of p-value 0,000 &lt;0,05, which means that there was an effect of PMR on fatigue in the intervention and control groups. The results of the influence of PMR on sleep quality in the intervention and control groups using the Mann- Whitney test obtained results with of p-value 0,000 &lt;0.05 which means that there was an effect of PMR on sleep quality in the intervention and control groups. PMR activates the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system that works mutually so that it can reduce muscle tension and make it easy to sleep. in conclusion, PMR can be used to reduce fatigue and can improve sleep quality.

Impact of sleep quality on cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease

BACKGROUND: Sleep disorders lead to cognitive deficits in healthy people and are thought to have significant impact on cognition in Parkinson’s disease (PD). OBJECTIVE: To study the sleep pattern and its relationship to cognitive functioning in non-demented PD cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sleep was evaluated by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in a cohort of PD patients. Comprehensive assessment of cognitive domains including attention, executive functions, short/long-term verbal memory, visual memory, and visuospatial functioning was done by battery of neuro-physiological tests on patients in “ON” state. Based on the component PSQI sleep score, patients were grouped as having good quality sleep (PSQI score ≤ 5) or poor quality sleep (PSQI score > 5). The demographic profile, disease characteristics, treatment, and cognitive tests were then compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Of 130 patients with diagnosis of PD, 85 patients were included. 63 (74.1%) had good sleep quality while 22 (25.9%) had poor sleep quality. Mean age and disease characteristic were comparable between two groups except that females had statistically significant (P = 0.001) poor sleep quality as compared to men. Poor sleep quality had significant effect on cognitive functions including generativity, inhibition, set-shifting, perseveration, and attention but there was no impact of sleep on verbal memory, visual memory, and visuospatial abilities. CONCLUSION: PD patients with poor sleep quality on PSQI questionnaire should be carefully screened for presence of any cognitive impairment especially executive impairment, as these two may be inter-related. Intervention to improve sleep would have far reaching benefits to improve the quality of life of PD patients.

Sleep quality of the residents living in an apartment-type building in Bangkok area-A preliminary study

Background Good sleep quality is important for human health. It can also increase the productivity of individual. Sleep quality may affect by the improper living condition, especially the indoor environmental condition in bedroom. The apartment-type residence become more popular due to the life style of people in an urban area and financial limitation. However, the limited space and ventilation of the room may affect the sleep quality of the occupants. Methods This preliminary study aimed to investigate the sleep quality status among the occupants of apartment-type building in Bangkok area. The participants were recruited through the poster and online announcement. Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI) was distributed to each participant. Results In total, 93 participant replied the questionnaires to the researcher. According to the collected data, global PSQI score ranged from 1-16 scores with the median ± SD of 5 ± 2.81. Although participants tended to have appropriate sleep duration at 7.00 ± 1.18 hours/night (median ± SD) but 64.4% of participant still had poor sleep quality (PSQI score &gt;5), while 36.6% of participant had good sleep quality (PSQI score &lt; 5). The common sleep disturbances which occurred at least once a week during the past month are bad dream (36.6%), body pain (35.5%), the temperature was too hot (35.5%), and toilet (35.5%). There were 9 participants reported the used of sleeping medication but only 3 reported the used more than 3 times/week. Our results showed that poor sleep quality affected the daytime dysfunction of the participants as 7.5% reported as a big problem. Conclusions Further study is needed in order to investigate the association between sleep quality and residential characteristics. Thus, proper indoor environmental management could be made to enhance the sleep quality and reduce the health consequence of poor sleep quality.

Association Between Macronutrient Intakes and Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged and Older Population in Singapore

Abstract Objectives Quality sleep is essential to health and poor sleep may increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have reported that macronutrient intakes, such as dietary protein, may be associated with sleep quality. However research, on this relationship in older adults who often exhibit poorer sleep quality is still limited. Therefore, the objective of this research is to assess the association between macronutrient intakes and sleep quality in middle-aged and older population in Singapore. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 104 men and women (59 ± 6 years) were recruited within Singapore. Their food intakes and sleep quality were assessed using 3-day food records and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire, respectively. In addition, plasma amino acid concentration was measured from the collected blood samples. The relationship between diet, plasma amino acids and sleep quality were evaluated using multiple linear regression and adjusted for age, BMI and gender. Results From this study, no association were observed between total energy intake (%E) from protein and tryptophan (Trp) intakes and sleep quality parameters. However, %E from fat was positively associated with sleep efficiency (SE%) (β-coefficient = 19.6, P = 0.02). A similar positive association with SE% was also observed for mono- and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. In contrast, %E from carbohydrate was inversely associated with SE% (β-coefficient = −21.2, P = 0.03). Sugar intake was also inversely associated with sleep quality parameters. Although plasma Trp concentration was not associated with sleep quality parameters, Trp and large neutral amino acids concentration ratio was inversely associated with sleep duration (β-coefficient = −19.2, P = 0.02). Conclusions In conclusion, consuming a diet with a higher energy from fat and lower energy from carbohydrate may improve sleep quality in Singapore middle-aged and older adults. The type of fat and carbohydrate consumed may also affect sleep quality. Funding Sources This research study is funded by the National University of Singapore (Grant number: R-143–000-A03–133).

An Assessment of Sleep Disturbance in Patients before and after Carpal Tunnel Release.

Background: Night time numbness is a key characteristic of CTS and relief of night time symptoms is one of the outcomes most important to patients. This study tested the null hypothesis that there is no difference between sleep quality and night symptoms before and after carpal tunnel release (CTR). Methods: Forty-four, English-speaking adult patients requesting open CTR for electrodiagnostically confirmed carpal tunnel syndrome completed questionnaires before and after surgery. Average age was 59, 24 patients were men and 20 were women. Patient with a primary or secondary sleep disorder were excluded. Before surgery, patients completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality index (PSQI). At an average of 3 months after surgery, participants completed PSQI questionnaires. Onset of sleep quality improvement was specifically addressed. Differences between preoperative and postoperative sleep quality were evaluated using the paired t-test. Spearman correlations were used to assess the relationship between continuous variables. Results: Of the 44 patients, 32 (72%) were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI > 5.5) prior to surgery. At 3 months follow up, there was a significant improvement PSQI global scores (7.8 ± 5.1 vs 4 ± 3.5, p < 0.001) as well as subdivisions. Daytime dysfunction (0.2 ± 0.4, p < 0.001) and medication use (1.0 ± 1.2 vs 0.9 ± 1.2, p < 0.045) secondary to sleep disturbance and was improved as well. In all patients, onset of improvement was within 24 hours of surgery. Conclusions: CTR is associated with improvement in sleep quality at 3 months follow-up. CTR improves daytime dysfunction related to the sleep disturbance. The onset of sleep improvement is 24 hours after surgery in most cases.

Comprehensive study of insomnia and its association with specific burn characteristics: an experience from a tertiary care centre in North-West India

Background: Burn injuries are devastating, sudden and unpredictable forms of trauma which affect the victims both physically and psychologically. Recent advances in medical management have drastically decreased mortality rates of burn patients. There is a significant relationship between acute burn pain and sleep. Alteration in sleep patterns are commonly seen in post burn patients. The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of insomnia in burn patients compared with a group of adequately matched controls; to determine risk factors associated with insomnia; to study the quality of sleep in post burn patients compared with a group of adequately matched controls.Methods: Sleep quality in post burn patients was analyzed and measured with the help of Pittsburg sleep quality index questionnaire and compared with a group of adequately matched controls. Post burn patients experienced prolonged and long lasting pain which is assessed with visual analogue scale. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically using univariate and multivariate analysis (chi square test, odds ratio, Binary logistic regression).Results: The relationship between post burn patients with changed sleep architecture and pain was found to be statistically significant. Other important parameters were also evaluated and discussed.Conclusions: Post burn patients are more prone for disturbed sleep patterns. Any variation in sleep patterns and quality is significantly related to pain experienced by the post burn patients, thus this problem should be evaluated and analyzed meticulously.

ASSESSING THE SLEEP QUALITY AND DEPRESSION-ANXIETY-STRESS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME PATIENTS.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders with chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel habit without any organic reason. Sleep disorders may be associated to IBS. We aimed to assess sleep disturbances and depression-anxiety-stress in IBS patients. In this analytical cross sectional study from November 2013 to May 2014, A total of 123 IBS patients were recruited by simple random sampling. IBS was diagnosed using ROME-III criteria. Demographic and basic data were driven from all patients then Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire was utilized to estimate sleep quality and DASS (depression anxiety stress scale) questionnaire was filled out for depression, anxiety and stress. The mean age of patients was 29±9, where 48 cases (39%) were male. Twelve cases (10%) had a background disease. Types of IBS in patients were included 38% diarrhea, 42% constipation and 20% mixed. From all IBS patients 87 (71%) cases had depression, 97 (79%) patients stress, 94 (76%) patients had anxiety. Seventy-six (62%) cases of IBS patients had poor sleep quality. Simultaneously employing predictors demonstrate that gender, background disease, and type of IBS did not statistically significant. On the other hand, depression (P=0.034, OR=2.35), anxiety (P=0.011, OR=3.022), and stress (P=0.029, OR=2.77) were significantly effect on sleep quality in poor sleepers. Many of IBS patients is suffering from poor sleep quality. It seems that sleep disorder should be considered and treated in this patients.

Poor sleep quality associated with obesity in men.

The objective of this study is to examine the association between sleep quality and obesity status. A cross-sectional study of 3225 Chinese participants aged 18 to 65years was conducted in Beijing in 2007. Body mass index (BMI) was classified according to the Working Group on Obesity in China, and sleep quality was assessed by the modified Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. Logistic regression models were applied to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs of obesity by sleep quality adjusted for potential confounders. Two sets of potential confounders were used in the adjusted models. Model 1 was adjusted for sex and age. Model 2 was further adjusted for education level, occupation, marriage status, smoking, alcohol consumption, body pain, and health status. Poor sleep quality was significantly negatively associated with overweight/obesity in men but not in women. Additional adjustment for education level, occupation, marriage status, smoking, alcohol consumption, body pain, and health status did not attenuate the association (OR = 1.41 with 95% CI 1.03-1.93; P < 0.05) among men. The adjusted OR per sleep quality score hour was 1.07 (1.01-1.14) for overweight/obesity, suggesting that for one score increase in sleep quality, obesity/overweight risk increased by 7% in men. Sleep quality was negatively associated with overweight/obesity in Chinese men but not in women.

Correlation Between Sleep Quality and Blood Pressure Changes in Iranian Children

Background: Hypertension has a growing trend all around the world among children. Evidences imply that inadequate sleep duration and its poor quality are related to hypertension. But there are only few studies to show this relationship in children. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between sleep quality parameters and blood pressure (BP) changes in children. Patients and Methods: Eighty six patients aged 5-15 years old with the history of urinary tract infection were included in this study. They underwent 24-hour BP monitoring. In addition, the Pittsburg Sleep Quality index questionnaire was filled out and the data were compared with BP records. Results: After excluding duplicate cases and those with insufficient data, 76 children entered into study. Overall sleep quality was good in 48 and poor in 28 children. Mean diastolic BP load (P = 0.019), diastolic load Awake-Time (P = 0.045), mean systolic Sleep-Time (P = 0.022), Non-Dipper state (P = 0.009) were statistically different among groups. By dividing the children into two groups of good and poor sleeper, the parameters of BP were not different. In addition, there was no correlation between BP classifications and sleep latency, duration of sleep, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, day dysfunction due to sleepiness, and overall sleep quality score. Conclusions: Our study could not show any correlation between sleep quality and ambulatory BP monitoring parameters in children with abnormal BP. © 2015, Iranian Society of Pediatrics.

咽喉頭酸逆流症の睡眠および労働生産性に及ぼす影響

The objective of the present study was to clarify the efficacy of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy with esomeprazole on symptoms, signs, sleep disturbance and work productivity associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). Twenty one patients with LPRD were enrolled in present study and received esomeprazole 20 mg daily for two months. These patients with LPRD were investigated by comparing the frequency scale of gastroesohageal reflux disease (GERD), the laryngopharyngeal reflux symptom score, the objective laryngopharyngeal reflux finding score, the Pittsburg sleep quality index questionnaire and the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire before and after treatment. We found that the scores of these parameters after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment. These findings indicate that LPRD might have an influence on the quality of life of affected patients including sleep disturbance and work productivity. PPI treatment might improve the symptoms and signs of LPRD also reduce the sleep disturbance and restores the work productivity of patients with LPRD. Taken together, esomeprazole was shown to be useful for the treatment of patients with LPRD.

Changes in sleep architecture after burn injury: ‘Waking up’ to this unaddressed aspect of postburn rehabilitation in the developing world

Changes in sleep architecture are common phenomena observed in post-traumatic patients; such altered sleeping patterns have negative implications on various phases of rehabilitation. Sleep is an essential process, without which one cannot function effectively and, hence, any aberrations in the quality of sleep in such patients need to be critically analyzed. To probe the quality of sleep in postburn patients at one year compared with a group of adequately matched controls. Quality of sleep in postburn patients at one year was measured using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index questionnaire and compared with a group of adequately matched controls. Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson's χ(2) test. The relationship between the postburn state and sleep disturbances was found to be statistically significant. Other relevant parameters are also highlighted and discussed. Sleep is one of aspect of functioning that may be least taken into account by professionals during the phase of postburn rehabilitation because more obvious threats receive preferred treatment. Unless these problems are dealt with in the postburn period, rehabilitation can never be complete. Postburn patients experience significant changes in sleep architecture, which need to be taken into account to enable complete rehabilitation of the patient.