Pile Material Research Articles

Research on a Method for Measuring the Pile Height of Materials in Agricultural Product Transport Vehicles Based on Binocular Vision

The advancement of unloading technology in combine harvesting is crucial for the intelligent development of agricultural machinery. Accurately measuring material pile height in transport vehicles is essential, as uneven accumulation can lead to spillage and voids, reducing loading efficiency. Relying solely on manual observation for measuring stack height can decrease harvesting efficiency and pose safety risks due to driver distraction. This research applies binocular vision to agricultural harvesting, proposing a novel method that uses a stereo matching algorithm to measure material pile height during harvesting. By comparing distance measurements taken in both empty and loaded states, the method determines stack height. A linear regression model processes the stack height data, enhancing measurement accuracy. A binocular vision system was established, applying Zhang’s calibration method on the MATLAB (R2019a) platform to correct camera parameters, achieving a calibration error of 0.15 pixels. The study implemented block matching (BM) and semi-global block matching (SGBM) algorithms using the OpenCV (4.8.1) library on the PyCharm (2020.3.5) platform for stereo matching, generating disparity, and pseudo-color maps. Three-dimensional coordinates of key points on the piled material were calculated to measure distances from the vehicle container bottom and material surface to the binocular camera, allowing for the calculation of material pile height. Furthermore, a linear regression model was applied to correct the data, enhancing the accuracy of the measured pile height. The results indicate that by employing binocular stereo vision and stereo matching algorithms, followed by linear regression, this method can accurately calculate material pile height. The average relative error for the BM algorithm was 3.70%, and for the SGBM algorithm, it was 3.35%, both within the acceptable precision range. While the SGBM algorithm was, on average, 46 ms slower than the BM algorithm, both maintained errors under 7% and computation times under 100 ms, meeting the real-time measurement requirements for combine harvesting. In practical operations, this method can effectively measure material pile height in transport vehicles. The choice of matching algorithm should consider container size, material properties, and the balance between measurement time, accuracy, and disparity map completeness. This approach aids in manual adjustment of machinery posture and provides data support for future autonomous master-slave collaborative operations in combine harvesting.

Deep mantle plumes feeding periodic alignments of asthenospheric fingers beneath the central and southern Atlantic Ocean

High-resolution full waveform seismic tomography of the Earth's mantle beneath the south and central Atlantic Ocean brings into focus a series of asthenospheric low shear velocity channels, or "fingers" on both sides of the southern and central mid-Atlantic ridge (MAR), elongated in the direction of absolute plate motion with a spacing of [Formula: see text]1,800 to 2,000 km, and associated with bands of shallower residual seafloor depth anomalies that suggest channeled flow over thousands of kilometers. Each of the three most clearly resolved fingers on the African side of the MAR corresponds to a separate group of whole mantle plumes rooted in distinct patches at the core-mantle boundary, feeding hotspots, and volcanic lines with distinct isotopic signatures. Plumes of a given group appear to merge at the top of the lower mantle before separating again, suggesting interaction of deep mantle flow with a more vigorous mesoscale circulation in the upper mantle. The corresponding hotspots are generally offset from the location of the deep mantle plume roots. The distinct isotopic signatures of these hotspot groups are also detected in the mid-ocean ridge basalts at the location where the fingers meet the ridge. Meanwhile, at least some of the variability within each plume group could originate in the upper mantle and extended transition zone where plumes in a given group appear to merge and pond. This study also adds to mounting evidence that the African large low shear velocity province is not a uniform, unbroken pile of dense material rising high above the core-mantle boundary, but rather a collection of mantle plumes rooted in patches of distinct composition.

Influence of silicon carbide incorporation on the macroscale and microscale heat transfer characteristics of energy piles

This paper explores the impact of silicon carbide (SiC) incorporation on the heat transfer capabilities of energy piles by deploying a suite of methodologies that includes standard specimen tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, and indoor modeling tests. The findings indicate that SiC doping enhances the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, and flexural strength of the pile material at the macroscopic level. Whereas, the doping of SiC forms a new cluster structure in the concrete compared to that without SiC at the microscopic scale. In contrast to conventional energy piles, the SiC-enhanced energy piles exhibit superior heat transfer efficiency and accelerated temperature growth rates. In addition, SiC helps to mitigate the heat accumulation around the heat exchange tube. The temperature-induced upward displacements at the top of the SiC-enhanced energy pile increase at elevated temperatures, while the additional displacement reduces when the pile top is loaded. On the contrary, the temperature induces downward displacements as well as the top decreases during the cooling process, with heavier loads resulting in large settlements. Finally, this research assists in establishing an experimental foundation for the design and implementation of SiC-enhanced energy piles.

Sustainability assessment of sheet pile materials: concrete vs steel in retaining wall construction

Sustainability assessment of sheet pile materials: concrete vs steel in retaining wall construction

Quantification and prediction of furnace cylinder activity based on LASSO-GWO-CNN hybrid model

Blast furnace smelting environments are complex and characterised by multi-scale, non-linear and strong coupling, and it is often difficult for operators to detect changes in cylinder activity in a timely manner. Quantifying the cylinder activity is the basis for monitoring and improving the cylinder activity. Aiming at the traditional method of quantifying the cylinder activity, which relies heavily on a single empirical formula and is difficult to realise the prediction effect of the cylinder activity, this paper proposes a new method of quantitatively characterising the cylinder activity by combining the core dead material column temperature index and the dead material pile cleanliness index, which comprehensively takes into account the thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of the cylinder, and is able to more accurately and comprehensively assess the state of the cylinder activity. Firstly, a new quantitative cylinder activity formula is set according to the combined index, in which the weights of the indexes will be gradually adjusted in the iterative process of the model, and the entropy weighting method is adopted for its operation; a hierarchical affiliation function is established, and the calculation of the affiliation is used to judge the degree of contribution of the new indexes to the active state of the furnace cylinder with different weights in order to assist in finalising the final weights of the indexes, and the final weights of the indexes are then validated through the analysis of the calculation examples. Afterwards, the rationality of the final weights and the effectiveness of the proposed quantisation method are verified through case analysis. Finally, the LASSO algorithm is used to filter the feature variables, and the Grey Wolf Optimisation (GWO) optimised Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based cylinder activity prediction model is proposed. According to the results of the comparative validation between five different prediction models, the prediction accuracy of the GWO-CNN model reaches more than 90%, which indicates that the model has a higher prediction performance in predicting the furnace cylinder activity.

A contour detection method for bulk material piles based on cross-source point cloud registration

A contour detection method for bulk material piles based on cross-source point cloud registration

ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTAL TEST RESULTS OF CURRENT AND NEW COMPOSITION COLONS

In the process of separating cotton fiber from seed in a sawed fiber separator, the formation of raw material depends on several factors. The most important of them are the speed of rotation of the raw material, fiber, density, the amount of seeds separated from the fiber, etc. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the force of friction created by the walls of the working chamber due to the pressure created in the raw material. A high coefficient of friction of the colossal working surface has a negative effect on work efficiency, in particular, frictional forces cause the seed separated from the fiber to remain on the colossal working surface. These factors have an effect on the performance of the fiber separator and the quality of the extracted fiber. It is known that in the process of ginning, 25% of the fiber and seeds separated from the fiber remain in the raw material pile, causing mechanical damage. The main goal of the research is to prevent fiber and seed damage in the process of separating cotton fiber from the seed by installing a colosnik structure with the new recommended composition, to increase the efficiency of the seed exit from the working chamber, and at the same time to study ways to reduce energy consumption during the ginning process. This research paper presents an analysis of the results obtained after installing one of the working parts of the gin machine on the DL-10 gin machine of the existing and recommended composition of colosniks. The main purpose of introducing the new construction is to increase the efficiency of the DL-10 gin machine of the society, to develop it by filling it with new technologies, and to obtain quality fiber and seed.

Effects of Vermicomposting on Compost Quality and Heavy Metals：A Meta-analysis

In order to comprehensively evaluate the effects of vermicomposting on compost quality and the conversion of heavy metals under different control conditions, 109 studies were reviewed. The effects of earthworm species, pre-compost time, ventilation methods, initial C/N, initial pH, and initial moisture of the raw materials on compost quality and the heavy metal toxicity were quantitatively discussed during the vermicomposting process through Meta-analysis. The results showed that the six subgroups of factors all showed obvious influences on the compost quality and heavy metal toxicity. After vermicomposting, the contents of NO3--N (116.2%), TN (29.1%), TP (31.2%), and TK (15.0%) were significantly increased, whereas NH4+-N (-14.8%) and C/N (-36.3%) were significantly decreased. Meanwhile, the total amount of Cu and Cr of the final compost and their bioavailability were significantly reduced. Considering the influences of grouping factors on compost quality and heavy metals, it is recommended to adjust the initial moisture of pile materials to 70%-80%, C/N to 30-85, and pH to 6-7 and to conduct pre-composting for 0-15 d; additionally, vermicomposting should be naturally placed when the composting is aimed at promoting the compost quality. If the main purpose is to weaken the perniciousness of heavy metals in the raw material, it is recommended to adjust the initial moisture of the material to 50%-60%, C/N to less than 30, and pH to 7-8; to conduct no pre-compost; regularly turn the piles; and use the earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae for vermicomposting.

Performance analysis of various numerical methods for predicting monopile response under machine induced vibration

In this study, we verify the accuracy of the results obtained using two different numerical methods to simulate a pile-supported machine foundation under vertical vibration. To achieve this, finite element and finite difference methods, available as PLAXIS 3D and FLAC 3D, respectively, are selected for the study. A model consisting of a monopile with a diameter of 0.166 m and a length of 5.8 m is modelled to support the vibratory load induced by the rotary machine. A linear elastic model is used for the pile material and Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion is used for the soil. An analysis is performed to determine the frequency-versus-amplitude response of the monopile subjected to rotary-machine-induced vertical vibrations with different dynamic load intensities (0.735, 1.448, 2.117, and 2.721 Nm). The results obtained from both numerical analyses are compared with the experimental results available in the literature. Both numerical methods effectively simulate the nonlinear behavior of the soil-pile system, as observed in the experimental results. Based on the results, it is deduced that the finite element method simulated more harmonious results than the finite difference method compared with the experimental results, with more computational efficiency.

Time-dependent performance of large piled raft in clayey soil

In this study, three-dimensional numerical analysis has been performed to comprehend the time-dependent behavior of large piled rafts founded in saturated clayey soil, explicitly for the time of superstructure construction and post-construction up to the end of soil consolidation. The performance under different construction times for the corresponding unpiled raft and the piled raft with uniform pile length configuration of varying pile number, spacing, and length have been examined and then compared with that of non-uniform length configuration for the same total pile length. The dissipation of excess pore water pressure, average settlement, and differential settlement are presented and discussed in detail. A quicker dissipation rate of excess pore pressure is noted with either fewer piles, wider pile spacing, or shorter-length piles. An increase in construction time results in a lesser total average settlement at the end of consolidation. The piled raft with uniform pile length configuration shows a higher differential settlement than the unpiled raft. However, by adopting a suitable non-uniform length configuration, negligible differential settlement, higher load-carrying capacity, and a significant reduction in pile material volume can be achieved. Predictive expressions have been proposed to estimate the average and differential settlements of piled raft with uniform length configuration.

Assessment of mobile mercury concentration in soils of an abandoned coalfield waste pile in Douro region: the Fojo waste pile (Portugal) study case

PurposePejão Mining Complex locates in Castelo de Paiva municipality and, until its closure in 1994, was one of the most important coal mines in the Douro Coalfield. This work aims to study the presence, quantify, and evaluate the dissemination of mercury (Hg), a potentially toxic element (PTE) of major public health concern by the World Health Organization (WHO), from a waste pile affected by coal fires.Materials and methodsSamples from areas affected and unaffected by the combustion and from surrounding soil were collected from Fojo waste pile region. First, the Hg pseudo-total concentration was estimated for all collected samples by soil microwave–assisted digestion with aqua regia (USEPA 3051A). Then, a sequential extraction procedure (SEP), the USEPA 3200, was applied for Hg fractionation and speciation aiming to evaluate Hg mobility and bioavailability to surrounding ecosystems.Results and discussionThe results obtained showed a Hg enrichment in soil samples when compared to Portuguese and international reference values for soils. Relatively to the Hg availability and mobility, although it predominates in the semi-mobile fraction, the waste pile materials exposed to combustion showed a concerning increase of Hg levels in the mobile fraction that contains the more labile Hg species, being a major source of environmental contamination by Hg.ConclusionsThis study allowed to conclude that combustion of mining residues increased Hg mobility, toxicity, and bioavailability, increasing the contamination potential of the coal waste pile. The methodology applied in this work can be replicated in other abandoned mines to monitor, control, and/or mitigate the Hg environmental impact in the surrounding soils and waters.

Optimization of forward pulsed currents for combining the precision shaping and polishing of nickel micro mould tools to reduce demoulding defects

Precise tooling is vital for defect-free production of micro injection moulded (μ-IM) or hot-embossed products. The demoulding stage of such moulding and forming processes poses a serious challenge to the integrity of thin miniature features because of friction, adhesion, and thermal stresses. Typically, micro moulds involve geometrically textured patterns or features such as linear ridges, pillars, channels, and holes, the characteristic dimensions of which range from 10 to 300 μm. Realistically complex mould designs, containing precision micro features (enhanced fillet radius and positive draft angle) and high surface quality, are presented in this work. Electropolishing based on forward pulse currents (PC) has been used to shape and polish Ni micro moulds that contain sets of micron-scaled linear ridges and star patterns in order to ease the separation of moulded polymeric parts from the metallic mould during ejection and demoulding. The use of forward pulsed currents improved the mould design by increasing the fillet radii and draft angle while keeping the surface roughness low and maintaining a good surface shine. An optimization study of forward PC using a green solution of nickel sulfamate varied EP times (0–70 min) and duty cycles (40, 50, 60, and 70%) at a process conditions of 2.8 V, 50 °C, and 250 rpm. The best topographical and morphological changes were observed for a typical microfluidic channel (w × h, 100 × 110 μm) with an EP time of 70 min and 50% duty cycle: fillet radius increased by 3.8 μm, draft angle by 3.3°, and the channel width reduced by 11.4% while surface roughness changed by 8.6% and surface shine improved by 48.9%. Experimental validation was performed using hot embossing wherein the electropolished Ni mould replicated the micro channels and star patterns in PMMA chips with notably fewer burrs, material pile up, and no feature distortion. Moreover, there was a reduction in the side wall roughness of micro channels in PDMS casting with electropolished Ni mould by 16%. Hence, this work presents a significant scientific contribution to improving the efficiency of micro mould tools and reduces the defects caused by friction and adhesion in replicated polymeric parts.

Effect of damper mass on soil-structure displacement in dynamic response to earthquake vibration with finite element modelling

Earthquake is a natural disaster that always occur inside the region of pacific ring of fire. Many structures such as high-rise buildings, bridges, dams and many more failed and take severe damage due to the impact of the strong vibration of the earthquake. A pile foundation is a type of deep footing which is suitable for high-rise buildings founded on clay soils where its function to prevent potential failures such as bearing capacity and collapse. In addition, the problem of tall buildings is prone to sway and damaged when earthquake strike and such vibrations cause the dynamic behaviour of structure to change significantly in terms of excessive lateral displacements and accelerations. Thus, the effect of damper mass on soil-structure displacement in dynamic response to earthquake vibration was determined. The effectiveness of vibration absorber to the single pile structured in clay soil was modelled and simulated in finite element program PLAXIS 3D version 20 with and without the presence of the damper where the inputs were taken from the Sumatera and Chi – chi earthquakes. The problem was modelled and simulated by drawing a geometry, assigning the soil and pile materials input, loading and boundary conditions, meshing generated and staged construction for calculations of displacement structure output in response to dynamic due to earthquake vibration. The displacement-time with the effect of mass of the vibration with and without absorber are presented. The results show a good performance of damper on the single pile structured on soft soil with different types of earthquakes.

The geometric shape of the transported material batches in the vertical branch of a belt conveyor

Transport above the limit angle of transport inclination provided using belt conveyors can be done in several ways. If we omit the methods based on an increase in the contact force of the transported material in relation to the surface of the conveyors belt and increase in the coefficient of friction, we will focus only on the method based on the principle of preventing the movement of the transported grains on the surface of the conveyors belt. This principle uses transverse cleats that prevent the movement (sliding or rotation) of material grains along the entire length of the conveyor belt, which is inclined at a high angle to the horizontal plane. Material grains are transported on the surface of a conveyor with cleats, distributed with a regular spacing along the entire length of the endless loop of the conveyor belt. To prevent material grains from falling of such a belt, corrugated sidewalls are fitted on both edges of the conveyor belt. This paper describes two variants that take into account the mutual position of the cleats in relation to the corrugated sidewalls. For each of the variant, the relationship is given with which it is possible to analytically quantify the volume of the bulk loose material batch that is spread over the area of the cleat in the vertical section of this conveyor belt design. The results of the measured values concerning the height of the loose material pile that were taken using laboratory instruments are listed in the tables and compared with the theoretically calculated values. Key data that must be known to calculate the pile height, and the volume of the transported material batch represent the exact value of the angle of repose for the loose material. The angle of repose of a particular loose material does not acquire a constant size, as it changes from its maximum (static angle of repose) depending on the shaking, flattening or absorbing liquid to its minimum (surcharge angle). The paper presents geometric shapes of batches for the transported material used for both limit values of the angle of repose.

A kiszámoló az élet fontos dolga

If we do not prefer to be isolated and act in roles not chosen by ourselves in the world outside games, neither shall we inside. This is exactly why counting-out rhymes were created. They clearly state who is to take the unpleasant role in the game, who is ‘IT’. No longer do they decide who should live or die like their ancestor, the decimation, but, similarly, they leave the decision to fate. Structurally, a counting rhyme is a bridge to the game, functionally, it is a problem-solving device. A part of the game scenario, which will disappear when the actual game starts. This study was written with the goal to analyse what is behind the counting rhyme. Is there anything behind it at all? Half a minute long mechanical activity or human relationship? Is it a mere declaration, a role assignment or a social event? Do its structure and thematic need understanding? Is its rhythm a form of gesticulation or control? Is its linguistic content only a pile of raw material or a string of transubstantiated words? A counting rhyme is not elevated, or a liar, or beautiful, or ugly, neither is it a moral guide. Sometimes it is not longer than two lines, but, like the greatest literary works, it is a form of text and activity which has dramaturgy, tension, humour. Sometimes it is unspeakably nonsensical, but ready to be used for a preschool child as the language of their archaic self-identity.

Effect of martensitic phase formation on the nano-mechanical attributes during the electron beam melting process of Ti-6Al-4V

Electron Beam Melting based Ti-6Al-4V parts plays a predominant role in the field of bio medical and aerospace applications, especially in the aero due to its sustainability. However, there were not enough studies on nano-mechanical properties that looked at how phase changes during the heat and cooling process affected the printing process. With the assistance of OM and FESEM with EDX, the EBM Ti64 coupons were analysed for the grain orientation and phase transformation studies. The FESEM with EDX supported the existence of columnar grains and orthogonally oriented martensitic needles. Additionally, both XRD and TEM confirmed the presence of vanadium-rich precipitates and the HCP α-Ti and BCC β-Ti phases. EBSD analysis was adopted to further investigate the orientation of grains. The nano-hardness and elastic reduced modulus mapping confirmed the phase transformation to martensitic phase. The strong “martensitic” phase had a maximum reduced modulus of 183.5 GPa and a hardness value of 7.31 GPa. However, the EBM based Ti64 possesses an average nano-hardness and reduced modulus of 4.26 GPa and 118.3 GPa under the applied load of 2500μN. In addition, topographic wear and scratch tracks confirmed the soft nature of α colonies by forming more piles of materials, while nano-wear and scratch analysis predicted the functions caused by the presence of hard martensitic phases. The SR sensitivity of the Ti64 specimens was investigated using three different quasi-static strain rates. It was determined that the EBM Ti64 parts have a considerable effect over the strain rate, whereas, a quasi-static strain rate allowed for the achievement of the highest possible Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and ductility.

A laser-ultrasonic based sensor fusion framework for height measurement during the stone crushing process

It is a challenging work to monitor the height of the material pile via laser measurement due to the influence of high-concentration dust in a moving crushing line. At present, although the error of using only ultrasonic radar is small, the monitoring range is limited, while using only laser radar to monitor materials is highly affected by dust environments and may fail in high dust environments. To overcome this limitation, a height measurement based on the laser-ultrasonic radar fusion method was proposed to monitor material height in mobile crushing line. Firstly, the proposed method used laser scanning to obtain the three-dimensional point cloud of the material surface through point cloud preprocessing and calculated the material height. Secondly, considering that the concentration of dust has a great impact on the monitoring of the material level height, the experimental data on the change of the material level height with the concentration of dust were obtained, and the monitoring error was fitted to improve the accuracy of the material level height detection. Finally, in order to further reduce the error, the monitoring data of the ultrasonic radar was integrated to reduce the influence of dust on the detection of the material level height. The results showed that the average error was reduced to 22.65 mm when the dust concentration was below 200 mg m−3, and the average error was reduced to 32.14 mm when the dust concentration was higher than 200 mg m−3. The experimental results in different dust concentration environments demonstrated that the proposed method can effectively detect the point cloud shape and material level height of the material in real applications, which effectively improves the accuracy of material height detection by combining the three-dimensional laser points of the laser radar and the penetrability of the ultrasonic radar in high-concentration dust.

New Equipment for Determining Friction Parameters in External Conditions: Measurements for the Design

Friction parameters such as the angle of internal friction and the external friction of soils (bulk materials) show the possibilities of further material use. These are, for example, possibilities for soil processing, handling, and storage. The determination of friction parameters is usually carried out under laboratory conditions. For the possibility of determining the properties of soils outside the laboratory in terms of immediate material response, a laboratory prototype was developed. The main objective for its development was to determine the effect of the shape of the friction surface when “sliding” on the soil. This was achieved with the help of validation equipment designed to measure, test, and validate the processes of raking, material piling, material transfer and removal, and tool movement or sliding on or in a material. It was found that by using an appropriate speed and normal load, the Jenike method can be applied to determine the angle of external friction over a shorter distance with an error of about 6–7.5% from the values measured on a calibrated shear machine. The results also showed that the method can be applied to detect the shear stresses that arise when a tool is plunged into a material, and thus predict the possible increase in energy loss during the process.

Fast Estimation of Loader’s Shovel Load Volume by 3D Reconstruction of Material Piles

Fast and accurate measurement of the volume of earthmoving materials is of great significance for the real-time evaluation of loader operation efficiency and the realization of autonomous operation. Existing methods for volume measurement, such as total station-based methods, cannot measure the volume in real time, while the bucket-based method also has the disadvantage of poor universality. In this study, a fast estimation method for a loader’s shovel load volume by 3D reconstruction of material piles is proposed. First, a dense stereo matching method (QORB–MAPM) was proposed by integrating the improved quadtree ORB algorithm (QORB) and the maximum a posteriori probability model (MAPM), which achieves fast matching of feature points and dense 3D reconstruction of material piles. Second, the 3D point cloud model of the material piles before and after shoveling was registered and segmented to obtain the 3D point cloud model of the shoveling area, and the Alpha-shape algorithm of Delaunay triangulation was used to estimate the volume of the 3D point cloud model. Finally, a shovel loading volume measurement experiment was conducted under loose-soil working conditions. The results show that the shovel loading volume estimation method (QORB–MAPM VE) proposed in this study has higher estimation accuracy and less calculation time in volume estimation and bucket fill factor estimation, and it has significant theoretical research and engineering application value.

Evaluating screw-shaft pile composite foundations in round Gravelly soil: A study using model tests and numerical simulations

Screw-shaft piles have seen extensive adoption in construction and railroad engineering, due to their superior enhanced bearing capacity and cost-effectiveness. While monopiles have been thoroughly examined, composite foundations that include screw-shaft piles have not been studied as extensively. Proper determination of geometric parameters for both the piles and the cushion is a critical aspect of successful design. This paper introduces a comprehensive examination that merges indoor experiments with numerical simulations, aiming to evaluate the bearing capacity, settlement characteristics, and force characteristics of screw-shaft piles under a variety of conditions. This study scrutinizes key components, such as root diameter, pitch, cushion modulus, and the threaded portion's proportion. The research outcomes offer crucial insights for optimizing the design parameters of screw-shaft pile composite foundations. The results indicate that the side resistance of screw-shaft piles initially increases with the threaded section's length, stabilizing at an optimal length of approximately 0.44–0.55 times the pile length (L). Furthermore, although decreasing the pitch improves bearing capacity, it also introduces variations in pile material usage, with optimal bearing performance noted at a pitch approximately equal to the diameter (D). Moreover, screw-shaft piles with thread widths ranging between 0.58D and 0.67D show a significant decrease in stress concentrations, approximately 22 % less than those with a width of 0.5D. By setting the cushion modulus within the 40 MPa–60 MPa range, reduced settlement and optimal pile-soil stress ratios were achieved. These research outcomes provide critical insights into optimizing screw-shaft pile composite foundation design parameters, serving as valuable guidance for designers and engineers in diverse civil engineering projects.