Pike Place Research Articles

Evaluasi Profil Sensori Produk Kopi Instan Starbucks VIA Ready Brew Unflavored Menggunakan Metode CATA (Check-All-That-Apply)


 
 
 Coffee has a distinctive aroma and taste, and it is usually served in the form of drinks. This study aimed to determine the sensory profile of Starbucks instant coffee VIA ready brew unflavored based on consumer acceptance by CATA (Check All That Apply) method and to identify the consumer preferences maps. There were three variant of Starbucks instant coffee VIA ready brew unflavored as follows: VIA colombia, VIA pike place and VIA italian roast that tested on 34 panelists. Each panelist gave response of CATA acceptance with the attribute that already issued. The data analyzed by XLSTAT 2021 software with sensory data analysis and preference mapping (PREFMAP) features. Sensory profile were interpreted through three analyzes such as Cochran’s Q test, Correspondence Analysis and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). The ideal instant coffee based on biplot map were the attributes of a bitter taste, smoky aroma, viscosity mouthfeel and bitter aftertaste. The sensory profile evaluation results from the 3 variants of VIA ready brew unflavored were as follows: VIA colombia has the attributes of sour taste, fruity aroma, nutty aroma, watery mouthfeel and sour aftertaste, VIA pike place has the attributes of bitter taste, nutty aroma, viscosity mouthfeel and bitter aftertaste, VIA italian roast has the attributes of bitter taste, smoky aroma, viscosity mouthfeel and bitter aftertaste. The result of preference mapping showed that VIA italian roast had the ideal sensory profile with the highest level of preference.
 
 

Becoming an International Brand: A Case Study of Starbucks

This paper aims to investigate how Starbucks becomes the best coffee shop worldwide and how the organization overcomes its challenges and succeed to become an international brand. Starbucks is a popular coffee restaurant from the beginning but has just become a famous brand worldwide. Starbucks has over 20,000 stores in 62 countries around the world. In 1971 Starbucks opened its first store in Seattle’s Pike Place Market. Howard Schultz joins Starbucks as a director of Retail Operations and Marketing. Starbucks focuses on its mission “Inspire and nurture the human spirit-one person, one cup, and one neighbourhood at a time. Starbucks provides a variety of drinks from hot to cold, and foods. The most famous beverage is Frappuccino® Blended Beverages. Starbucks makes a beverage menu depending on the customer's request to meet their satisfaction. Starbucks emphasizes on high-quality service from the store environment to the work environment. Starbucks promotes its products through mass media such as advertising at the television, social media, billboards, and coupon card. The paper concludes with some recommendation.

Seattle, the Pacific Basin, and the Sources of Regional Modernism

The emergence of mid-twentieth-century architecture that was both modern and regional in Seattle and nearby areas of Washington State presents a singular case study demonstrating an array of influences from Asia and Latin America as well as the Pacific Coast of the United States. This network of influences is evidence of the “complexity of a dissemination” that gained momentum in the 1930s as the modern movement began to spread globally, as identified by historian William J. R. Curtis. Although awareness of distant sources primarily influenced design vocabularies from the 1930s to the 1950s in the Pacific Northwest, by the early 1960s, as Seattle architects and landscape architects began to travel to Japan, they developed a much deeper understanding from a broader collection of sites, and this, in turn, shaped surprisingly varied local responses from Rich Haag’s ideas of “non-striving” design to Victor Steinbrueck’s increasing interest in Pike Place Market. Untangling the array of Pacific Basin influences that helped shape mid-twentieth-century design in Seattle provides one demonstration of the validity of considering the Pacific as an interdependent region. Thus, Seattle offers a foundational case study towards the future project of writing an encompassing account of the interconnected architectural history of the Pacific Basin.

American Smoke: Journeys to the End of the Light by Iain Sinclair

the world’s “universal language.” What defines (and sustains) a universal language , Mizumura argues, is its role as the primary purveyor of (global) knowledge, particularly among those for whom it is an external language (one written or read by a speaker of a different language). From this premise grows an impassioned plea to resist—but not overthrow, which may be impossible—the inexorable catholicizing effects of this hegemony. Mizumura’s exegesis on the development of modern Japanese literature in the face of this relentless force would seem to share some theoretical DNA with what Stephen Greenblatt calls “the swerve.” Her construction of literary history is engaging and provocative yet idiosyncratic, and with only minimal academic armature. In a practical sense, all this means is that she has served up an idea worthy of greater explication drawn from her personal experiences as a learner of foreign languages, a scholar of French literature, a novelist, and a citizen focused with almost nationalistic zeal on the need to preserve a culture she loves. In the final analysis, The Fall of Language both lacks the requisite academic rigor and overindulges too frequently in the burdens of privilege to call it an unqualified success. Too often is the reader pulled from the core problematic by extraneous or yet-inchoate arguments that simply beg for refutation; yet the extent to which one can forgive these foibles will determine how readily her arguments find fertile soil in a kindred mind. Whatever failings it may have, Mizumura has crafted a book that stimulates thought, excites passions, and encourages debate. For these alone, it is well worth a read. Erik R. Lofgren Bucknell University Iain Sinclair. American Smoke: Journeys to the End of the Light. New York. Farrar, Straus & Giroux. 2015. isbn 9780865478275 Iain Sinclair sets out on his quest for the ghosts and spirits of members of the Beat Generation because “I needed a new mythology to shield against the sense of loss and hanging dread inherent in the invasion and dissolution of my familiar London ground.” He ranges across America from ocean to ocean, from Charles Olson to Gary Snyder and down the list of marginal figures who have become “living exhibits,” discovering in the process that poets have been “absorbed by the fetishized objects that surround them.” Those who cannot create “a successful brand” and in effect issue an IPO can only fall back on “erasure, suicide, Mexico.” A collector himself, Sinclair is ambivalent about the turning of creative passion into catalogs and items in air-conditioned vaults or in the “bibliographic landfill” of a fading used bookstore. Those who undertake “the labor of keeping the texts alive” do so, monastically and perhaps heroically, even though “the work loses its potent illusion of edge and discovery” while continuing in “Beckettian absurdity.” By the end of his journeys, Sinclair is told that he “will never understand Americans” and realizes that it is true, and in that recognition realizes, “I was cured of my interests and obsessions. Cured by confrontation.” But the quest is not a failure, for along the way Sinclair makes a number of sharp observations about people, as in calling Gregory Corso “the Joe Pesci of the Beats,” likening him to the character in Casino, the foil to “Ginsberg’s Jewish De Niro, who was trying to do business, keep the Beat empire moving and growing as a great American resource.” Gary Snyder, sustained in his retreat by leaving it to give lectures, emerges as the most solid of the people whom Sinclair encounters , not just surviving but grounded. Sinclair has been known for his interest in psychogeography, and American Smoke exhibits throughout a keen sense of what D. H. Lawrence called “the spirit of place”— most notably, in a few lines, of Seattle’s Pike Place Market, where the details of “Heroic metaphors of success” make even the most jaded stop and look again. The same could be said of Sinclair’s style, which is occasionally as dense and chewy as a pumpernickel bagel, as in, when describing Nevada City, “weekend tourists take brunch in revamped saloons with sepia World Literature in Review 78 WLT NOVEMBER / DECEMBER 2015 photographs of the mining days” or...

The Principal Beauty of “At the Fishhouses”

The Principal Beauty of “At the Fishhouses” Erica Dawson (bio) I love Elizabeth Bishop’s love of travel. I admire her ability to place us in a familiar environment and then, seamlessly, transport us somewhere exotic. I moved to Tampa, Florida, almost four years ago and still find it exotic, feral even, with its love bugs mating midair. I want to recreate the Gulf Coast in my writing, tracing its lines, feeling both the weight of where I am and my perceptions of it, my awareness and my invention. During my undergraduate years at Johns Hopkins, one of my first poetry instructors introduced me to what is now my favorite Bishop poem, “At the Fishhouses.” I recently shared it with a student of my own as an example of the power of Bishop’s images. The images in this poem may not introduce readers to the lush exoticism of the tropics, but Bishop still invites me to a physical place I don’t know—the shores of Nova Scotia—and to a mental space I struggle to find in my own poetry. I’ve only begun to discover Florida—but so much of it scares me. It’s as if there’s too much to perceive, let alone capture on paper. The Hillsborough River weaves through downtown Tampa; the Bay is always at my feet, the humidity on my back. It’s ironic that I find myself in a place so surrounded by water: I have an intense fear of fish. I don’t walk too close to the fish counter at the grocery store. When I visited Seattle this past February I was so scared of Pike Place Market and the fish flying through it, I took a step inside and stepped back out. It seems doubtful, then, that I could love a poem called “At the Fishhouses.” But the poem, unlike Bishop’s iconic “The Fish,” is less about the physical animal and more about observation transformed into imagination. The title itself indicates that the poem will focus on the surroundings of the animals rather than the animals themselves. To recreate the real-life sensation of observation through perception, Bishop downplays the physical presence of the speaker as well. We don’t actually see her moving, but rather witness the mind moving through the environment from one aspect of the setting to another. [End Page 33] The backdrop becomes the foreground of the poem. It illustrates what’s in the limelight of the speaker’s gaze. In the opening stanza, Bishop uses several strategies to put us in the mindset of the speaker. “At the Fishhouses” begins with this sentence: Although it is a cold evening,down by one of the fishhouses,an old man sits netting,his net, in the gloaming almost invisible,a dark purple brown,and his shuttle worn and polished. (lines 1–6) Inverted syntax (placing a dependent before an independent clause), along with multiple modifiers and prepositions in a single sentence, leads us away from the actual subject of the sentence, as do weak to be verb constructions and passive phrasing. The result is a poem lively but static, moving but still, as something changes inside the speaker rather than in the exterior world. The images I shared with my student aren’t simply powerful. They are transformative for both speaker and reader. We start with a wide shot, then briefly have a visual of the old man, the sentence’s only independent clause and declarative action. Bishop introduces us to the weather first, then the location, and then the subject of the sentence. But she doesn’t linger there for more than one line, instead moving to a description of his net—the object he holds, not the man himself. The sentence only contains the to be verb when she writes about the man. She only implies the presence of is in the other places where it belongs: his net is a dark purple brown; his shuttle is worn and polished. By omitting the verb, Bishop removes the sense of agency. It’s not about agency. It’s about perception of what already exists. Farther down in the first stanza, Bishop writes...

American tourism: constructing a national tradition

American Tourism reveals the remarkable stories behind the places Americans love to visit. From Independence Hall to Las Vegas, and from Silver Springs to Seattle's Pike Place Market, the collection pulls back the curtain on many of America's most successful tourist attractions to reveal the carefully hidden transformations that turn places into destinations. Readers will discover that a powerful creative process, rather than chance, has separated the enduring attractions from the many failures that litter the highways and byways of tourism history. Written by leading academic and public historians, writers, and tourism professionals, the thirty-five lively, illustrated essays that comprise this volume illuminate the visionaries who created such iconic destinations and the business models that sustained them. Covering issues of design, culture, and impact, American Tourism will appeal to scholars, tourism professionals, and armchair travelers alike.

Jeffrey Craig Sanders . Seattle and the Roots of Urban Sustainability: Inventing Ecotopia . (History of the Urban Environment.) Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press. 2010. Pp. xiii, 288. $30.00.

What makes Seattle the “Emerald City”? To some the label merely refers to the abundance of evergreen fir trees in the vicinity, and to others it refers to the environmentally sensitive urban population that ranges from skiing, mountain biking, kayaking yuppies to tree-hugging, unshaven, eco-raiding hippie throwbacks. Jeffrey Craig Sanders clearly explicates and defends the proposition that Seattle residents are indeed environmentally sensitive and argues that the postwar environmental movement originated in such grassroots, local, political, and social initiatives as occurred in Seattle after World War II. How Seattle became green is the topic of his book. The author describes several instances of urban activism and rising environmental awareness, beginning with a description of the effort to preserve Pike Place Market. The market had started as a viable commercial link between the agricultural hinterland and the urban population in the early twentieth century. By the post–World War II period, the market had declined in popularity and usefulness as agricultural areas fell to suburban development and urban residents shifted their shopping habits from specialty shops and stalls to the increasingly ubiquitous grocery stores and shopping centers. The increasingly dilapidated Pike Place became the target of urban renewal and development efforts, but urban activists seeking to preserve and restore the market's value as a Seattle cultural icon, viable commercial center, and tourist attraction thwarted the efforts to tear it down.

THE EMERGENCE OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD CONSERVATION IDEAS IN THE HISTORIC DISTRICT OF SEATTLE

The purpose of this study is to explore the preservation concepts of the Pike Place Market Historic District in Seattle, which was one of the earliest examples in the U.S. that included ideas of neighborhood conservation. To analyze the way to raise the concepts I studied the ideas and opinions expressed by the citizens' group advocating to preserve the district, especially by Victor Steinbrueck (1911-1985), an architect and the leader of the group. The study shows that the preservation concepts based on Steinbrueck's socialism and regionalism were emphasized more clearly through a criticism on gentrification after the late 1960s. At that time Pioneer Square District, another historic district in the downtown, had succeeded in revitalizing by adaptive reuse of historic buildings, but at the same time low-income residents were forced out by steadily rising land prices and rents. Concerning that the communities around the Market would be lost for the same reason, Steinbrueck and other activists insisted to maintain communities and their activities as well as to preserve the market buildings. Thus the neighborhood conservation ideas were raised from a criticism against not only the urban renewal plan but also the historic preservation project that aim primarily to vitalize real estate market, and after the 1970s, such ideas were adopted in historic preservation policies of Seattle and other American cities.

October 26, 2005, and: Visiting Pike Place, 2003

October 26, 2005, and: Visiting Pike Place, 2003

Review: Soul of the City: The Pike Place Public Market, by Alice Shorett and Murray Morgan

Review: <i>Soul of the City: The Pike Place Public Market</i>, by Alice Shorett and Murray Morgan

Grower‐Only Farmers' Markets: Public Spaces and Third Places

I N 1970, THE PIKE PLACE MARKET IN SEATTLE WAS A COLLECTION OF run-down buildings in a worn-out corner of downtown. There were always farmers selling produce they had grown and a shopper could find a parking space on the street near the market, unless it was a particularly nice Saturday morning. The market regularly brought together small farmers from the Seattle area and loyal urban customers. There were also fish vendors and green grocers who sold produce they had purchased wholesale, but the heart of the market was the tables where farmers sold the fruit, vegetables, and flowers they had grown. As the sign said (and still says) ‘‘Meet the producer.’’ Developers who saw the potential of a six-acre site on the bluff overlooking Elliot Bay and the waterfront threatened the future of the market. A grassroots organization, ‘‘Friends of the Market,’’ went to work to save the livelihoods of the farmers and the market with its laid back atmosphere (Figure 1). In September 1971, Seattle citizens voted to make the market an historic district, and the market was saved. Today, Pike Place Market is probably more successful financially than ever, but something has been lost. The market has become a tourist destination and the experience is staged for the tourists. Parking is more difficult, and the crowds have become thick. Though there are still tables for farmers, only on Wednesday and Sunday are the local farmers out in force. The market is less a place for the old, regular, Seattle shoppers looking for regional, seasonal food, and easy interaction with growers and other shoppers. It is more a place for out-oftowners to take pictures, buy souvenirs, or have seafood packed as

Seattle's Pike Place Market (De)constructed: An Analysis of Tourist Narratives about a Public Space

This paper is a critical analysis of the narrative construction of Seattle’s well-known and heavily touristed Pike Place Market. The analysed data come from both institutional and amateur sources, including travel guides and photographs taken by tourists at the market. Tourist literature provides narrative themes in the form of literary descriptions and photographic images, that emphasise and reveal only certain textual dimensions of a place. Tourists’ experiences and accounts are inevitably informed by such themes. In addition, studying tourist photography is an excellent way to understand how people actively use and resist modes of representation that are derived from institutional sources. Tourists are usually remarkably prolific photographers, while also being exposed to a great number and variety of institutional narratives of the sites they visit. Public space is not merely a geographical configuration, but also a verbal and visual narrative construction by means of technologies such as writing and photography. The construction of a narrative via the means of technology can be political both in the way that it is produced and in the way it is consumed. The authors examine the dynamic power relationship that exists between institutional and amateur texts about popular public spaces, such as a city’s public market.

Historic preservation &amp; the imagined West: Albuquerque, Denver, &amp; Seattle

Stroll down Larimer Street in Denver or through Pioneer Square in Seattle and you feel that you're stepping into history while browsing the expensive boutiques and tourist shops. But are you? In this intriguing study of some of America's favorite places, Judy Morley takes a fresh look at adaptive reuse efforts in cities of the former frontier. Focusing on urban preservation resulting from the competing interests of architectural preservationists, city planners, chambers of commerce, and boosters, she shows how developers have often taken artistic license to re-create the western past into shopping centers and tourist traps - in ways that privilege an imagined over a more complex history. Examining Old Town Albuquerque, Larimer Street and LoDo in Denver, and Pioneer Square and Pike Place Market in Seattle, Morley describes the creation and marketing of western heritage under the guise of historic preservation. She draws on extensive interviews, city council proceedings, and historic plats and photographs to construct a detailed picture of how these districts originally looked and were used, how they were renovated, and to what ends they were marketed. This is the first book to systematically address issues of historic preservation and western urban growth, examining the interplay of identity, preservation, and tourism. It identifies the economic, political, and social issues that transformed each historic district into a place that resonated with the popular imagination. Along the way, Morley exposes the ironies that have attracted criticism to historic districts, such as Old Town Albuquerque's celebration of Hispanic heritage - even though Hispanic residents were displaced during the renovation - or Larimer Street's hiding of its actual skid-row past beneath a veneer of more tourist-friendly history. But while critics charge that historic preservation often celebrates a sanitized past, Morley suggests that these locales offer both residents and visitors a window on a shared romantic history and a sense of belonging, serving as vital locations for community festivals, holiday events, and even public gatherings in times of tragedy.

Conflicting élites and changing values: designing two historic districts in downtown Seattle, 1958–73

Seattle's Pioneer Square and Pike Place Market have maintained their reputation as symbolic urban places in the city and as exemplary historic districts in the United States. This paper illuminates the emergence of these two historic districts from the standpoint of the conflict between the two élite camps, as well as their motivations in shaping downtown urban forms during the 1960s. The conflict occurred as part of a transition from the time when business leaders' economic values fuelled a CBD-centred promotion, through the point where planning for downtown fringe districts came to incorporate art and design professionals' cultural values. The local élites played their distinctive roles in creating the two historic districts in downtown Seattle, sometimes in line with the nationwide trends and sometimes apart from them. The making of the two historic districts was eventually realized as a part of federally funded urban renewal and demonstration programmes, which the business élite initially ushered in and the cultural élite later tailored to fit its downtown values. While the shift in perspective did yield, as many have recalled, moments of a 'people's victory against the establishment' and 'preservation virtues against redevelopment harms' in downtown planning, this paper suggests that the shift involved local planning circumstances that were too complex to be characterized in such dualistic terms.

EVALUATING CARROT CULTIVARS IN WASHINGTON THROUGH ON-FARM TRIALS AND IN-MARKET TASTING

Carrots are among the most important commercial vegetable crops in Washington state. Over the past decade, production by both large-scale and small-scale growers has steadily increased. To assist these growers, a variety of carrot cultivars for fresh market and processing have been evaluated in on-farm trials and in-market tasting conducted by Washington State Univ. Cooperative Extension. In 1994, 116 entries from 16 seed companies and the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture were planted for evaluation. Imperator-, Chantenay-, Nantes-, and Kuroda-type carrots were planted in separate sections of this on-farm trial. Foliage and roots of all entries were scored at 120 days after planting. Customers at the Pike Place Market were asked to evaluate the appearance, flavor, and texture of 22 of these carrots. A majority of evaluators expressed a preference for Kuroda-type carrots. Some Nantes-type carrots also received high scores. The suitability of carrot cultivars for new products, including carrot juice and carrot chips, and nutritional levels were analyzed in a related study.

Downtown, Inc.: How America Rebuilds Cities.

Part 1 A bunch of nobodies: legacy of the big stores, vanishing crowds. Part 2 Sanitizing the city: alliances - the Pittsburgh model highway detours the urban renewal takeover tracking the money demolition by the acre the cover-up casualty count. Part 3 Blueprint for indifference: designed for isolation nobody knows the rubble I've seen the freeway revolt losing urban renewal persuasive protests progress but no applause. Part 4 Would the shopping mall play downtown?: sanctuaries for shopping competing with easy street a tonic for tired cities? roadblocks the gatekeepers searching for new locations. Part 5 Pasadena - no bed of roses: inventing a transplant sweetheart deals pledging future taxes protective maneouvres sharing troubles. Part 6 Entrepreneurial cities and maverick developers: a landmark in Boston James Rouse - mixing pleasure with business a public market in Seattle John Clise - the coalition-builder proving St Paul's competence George Latimer - the Mayor's glue a porno district in San Diego Ernest Hahn - endurance and flexibility Gerald Trimble - the public sector developer. Part 7 Deal making: testing the waters deals to match projects development by consensus City Hall deal makers coping with crisis negotiable designs the relationship is the deal. Part 8 Getting and spending: paying without pain the federal pipeline - good to the last drop digging into local resources safe money for risky projects dovetailing dollars into joint ventures. Part 9 Open for business: Faneuil Hall - marketing the unusual Pike Place - preserving the past town square - making the setting special Horton plaza - designing fantasies. Part 10 Popular success and critical dismay: fear of commerce artificial environments highbrows and lowbrows. Part 11 Privatizing the city: running risks - Burbank, St Paul, Detroit setup for scandal how public is a mall? security at a price the chaining of Main Street. Part 12 Marketplace contributions: uses of commercialism taming Times Square and Bryant Park School for Management the hiding hand selling Columbus Circle. Part 13 Downtown malls and the city agenda: corporate territory 250 Empire State buildings lodgings and lobbies conventioneers the gentry come to town stagecraft big league ambitions logic in the patchwork. Part 14 An unfinished renaissance: indicting City Hall manufacturing myths - New Yrok and Pittsburgh is development unfair? where is the opposition? bargaining for downtown jobs - Baltimore and Boston slowing the pace the mall business do cities learn?.

Ethnic farmers and the Pike Place Market: A brief history of ethnic farming in Western Washington

Ethnic farmers and the Pike Place Market: A brief history of ethnic farming in Western Washington