Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Vibrator Research Articles

Piezosurgery in periodontics: A new paradigm for traditional approaches: A review

Piezosurgery is a new method that uses piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations to perform precise and safe osteotomies. It was first discovered by Tomaso Vercelotti to overcome the limitations of traditional instruments in oral bone surgery. Its use was first introduced in the field of preprosthetic surgery alveolar crest expansion and sinus grafting procedures. It is a favorable, scrupulous, and soft tissue sparing system for bone cutting based on low frequency ultrasonic microvibrations. The absence of macrovibration makes the instrument more feasible and allows greater intraoperative control with increase in cutting safety in the more difficult anatomical cutting zone. This article focuses on the broad range of applications of this novel technique in periodontology.

Will Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) challenge Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)?

The preparation and characterization of SiN thin films using an aerosol-type liquid precursor delivery system (LDS) for application as a water-vapor permeation barrier layer in organic electronic devices is described. The proposed LDS consisted of three major parts: 1) an aerosol generator that transformed the liquid precursor to an aerosol molecule using a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator, 2) a vaporizer that transformed the injected aerosol molecules to a vapor state, and 3) a vapor storage canister. The instant evaporation fraction and maximum evaporation mass rate were measured to be 98.3% and 2.55 g/min, respectively. The temperature in the vaporizer was stable, showing a 1 °C variation from the set temperature. As the LDS temperature increased, the evaporation mass rate also increased from 0.035 to 2.55 g/min. A 30 nm thick SiN layer was prepared to evaluate the performance of the LDS, which was attached to a cyclic chemical vapor deposition system. The prepared SiN layer had a smooth surface with no defects or pinholes; the root mean square surface roughness of the prepared SiN film was measured to be 0.185 nm, which is adequate to be used as encapsulation layers in organic electronic devices. The water vapor transmission rate through the 30 nm thick SiN layer was calculated to be 1.31 × 10−6 g/m2/day by Ca-degradation test. The results indicated that the produced films meets the requirement for application as an encapsulation layer to protect the organic layer in organic electronic devices from water vapor penetration, especially in organic light-emitting diodes.

Using of piezoelectric surgical instruments in oral and maxillofacial surgery

Piezoelectric surgery is a relatively new technique that provides safe and effective osteotomies using piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations, and every day new devices with new features are produced and marketed. Piezosurgery instruments have superior properties compared to conventional rotary surgical instruments. Because of its micrometric and selective cutting, the piezoelectric surgery device provides a safe and sensitive osteotomy without causing necrotic damage to the bone. Compared to conventional rotary instruments, the most important feature is that it works only on mineralized tissues while maintaining soft tissue and blood support. It does not damage the tissues in contact with soft tissues such as the bone and mucous membranes in and around the operation area. In this study, properties, usage areas, advantages and disadvantages of piezoelectric surgical instruments which are frequently preferred in Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery applications as in many fields of orthopedics and brain surgery of medicine are explained.

Preparation and characterization of SiN water-vapor permeation barrier coated by aerosol-type liquid precursor delivery system equipped on a cyclic chemical vapor deposition system

Abstract The preparation and characterization of SiN thin films using an aerosol-type liquid precursor delivery system (LDS) for application as a water-vapor permeation barrier layer in organic electronic devices is described. The proposed LDS consisted of three major parts: 1) an aerosol generator that transformed the liquid precursor to an aerosol molecule using a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator, 2) a vaporizer that transformed the injected aerosol molecules to a vapor state, and 3) a vapor storage canister. The instant evaporation fraction and maximum evaporation mass rate were measured to be 98.3% and 2.55 g/min, respectively. The temperature in the vaporizer was stable, showing a 1 °C variation from the set temperature. As the LDS temperature increased, the evaporation mass rate also increased from 0.035 to 2.55 g/min. A 30 nm thick SiN layer was prepared to evaluate the performance of the LDS, which was attached to a cyclic chemical vapor deposition system. The prepared SiN layer had a smooth surface with no defects or pinholes; the root mean square surface roughness of the prepared SiN film was measured to be 0.185 nm, which is adequate to be used as encapsulation layers in organic electronic devices. The water vapor transmission rate through the 30 nm thick SiN layer was calculated to be 1.31 × 10−6 g/m2/day by Ca-degradation test. The results indicated that the produced films meets the requirement for application as an encapsulation layer to protect the organic layer in organic electronic devices from water vapor penetration, especially in organic light-emitting diodes.

PIEZOSURGERY: A versatile tool in periodontology and oral implantology

Piezosurgery is a relatively a new technique of bone surgery, that is recently gaining popularity in implantology, periodontics and oral surgery. Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations are utilized to perform precise and safe osteotomies. Becauseof its highly selective and accurate nature, with its cutting effect exclusively targeting hard tissue, its use may be extended to more complex oral surgical procedures, as well as to other interdisciplinary problems. It can be used for selective cutting of bone depending on bone mineralization, without damaging the adjacent soft tissue (e.g. vessels, nerves or mucosa), providing a clear visibility in the operating field, and cutting with sensitivity without the generation of heat. So this review discusses the equipment, mechanism of action biological effects on bone, indications, contraindications, advantages and disadvantages of this new technology.

Piezosurgery in dentistry

Piezosurgery (piezoelectric bone surgery) is a technique of bone surgery which is gaining popularity in the field of dentistry in the recent years. This device is being used in osteotomies, periodontology and implantology, and oral surgical procedures. Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations are utilized to perform precise and safe osteotomies. This article discusses the equipment, biological effects on bone, and advantages and disadvantages of this technology.

Piezosurgery in Periodontics

ABSTRACT Piezosurgery is a new and innovative method that uses piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations to perform precise and safe osteotomies. It was first invented by Tomaso Vercelotti to overcome the limitations of traditional instruments in oral bone surgery. Its use was first reported in the field of preprosthetic surgery alveolar crest expansion and sinus grafting. It provides substantial improvement dental/implant surgery, benefiting the surgeon by ease of use and the patient by minimizing surgical trauma and promoting rapid healing. Manual is used to remove small amounts of bone in areas with relatively less dense mineralization. The manual instruments are difficult to control in cortical bone, particularly where precise osteotomies are essential. They are mostly applied for gross cutting of large bone segments. Motor Driven instruments are often used when bone is very dense. Motor driven instruments transform electric or pneumatic energy into mechanical cutting action using the sharpened edge of burs or saw blades. These instruments generate a significant amount of heat in the cutting zone that must be minimized by water irrigation overheating of adjacent tissue may alter or delay the healing response. The reduced rotational speed decreases not only frictional heat but also cutting efficiency. Motorized cutting tools also decrease tactile sensitivity, slower rotational speed necessitates increased manual pressure which increases the macro-vibration of the cutting tool and further diminishes sensitivity. This article discusses about the wide range of application of piezoelectric technique. How to cite this article Devi S, Swaminathan M, Karthikeyan I, Anitha K. Piezosurgery in Periodontics. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2015;5(2):51-55

Ultrasonic Aesthetic Cranioplasty

The management of frontal bone injury is an important issue, and inappropriate management of such injuries may give rise to serious complications. Piezosurgery is a technique used to perform safe and effective osteotomies using piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations. This instrument allows a safe method for osteotomy of the cranial vault in close proximity to extremely injury-sensitive tissue such as the brain. After a wide review of the literature, the authors present this technical report, introduce the use of piezosurgery to perform a safe "slim-osteotomies" for treatment of posttraumatic frontal bone deformities, and suggest the use of this instrument for aesthetic recontouring of the craniofacial skeleton.

Lightening performance investigation of conformal coating in light emitting diodepackaging fabricated using a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator

This study presents a new ultrasonic vibrator which can be applicable to highviscosity conformal coating in the light emitting diode (LED) packaging process. Inorder to achieve this goal, an ultrasonic vibrator is devised utilizing piezoelectricactuators so as to have a longitudinal motion. After analyzing the standing waveof the proposed ultrasonic vibrator, the design parameters of the concentratorhorn are optimally determined to maximize the tip displacement amplitude ofthe ultrasonic vibrator. The size and flow of droplets sprayed from the proposedultrasonic vibrator are evaluated by a fluid dynamics analysis. In order to evaluate theeffectiveness of the proposed ultrasonic vibrator, the designed vibrator is manufacturedand applied to conformal coating of an LED. The manufactured LED is thenevaluated by the lighting uniformity and the correlated color temperature (CCT).

Piezosurgery

Piezosurgery is a new innovating technique used to perform safe and effective osteotomies using piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations. It was conceived by Tomaso Vercellotti, MD, DDS, and it was first reported for preprosthetic surgery, as alveolar crest expansion, sinus grafting, and, more recently, alveolar distraction. The purpose of this report was to introduce and justify the use of Piezosurgery to perform osteotomies during mandibular distraction in cases of hemifacial microsomia.

Piezosurgery

Two basic techniques for lateral osteotomy have been developed to date; the internal (endonasal) continuous technique and the external (percutaneous) perforating method. Numerous investigators have subjectively reported that the application of the two techniques results in less postoperative ecchymosis and edema compared to the use of other techniques, but an alternative and gentle method for performing lateral osteotomy or bony hump removal has not been proposed yet. The authors present a new soft technique to perform nasal osteotomy in rhinoplasty using piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations, and emphasize the advantages of this method.

Piezoelectric bone cutting in multipiece maxillary osteotomies

Piezosurgery (patented by Mectron Medical Technology, Carasco [Genova], Italy.) is a new innovating technique used to perform safe and effective osteotomies using piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrations. It was first reported for preprosthetic surgery, alveolar crest expansion, and sinus grafting.1 We introduce and report the use of Piezosurgery for multipiece maxillary osteotomies, to overcome many of the complications of this delicate surgery on hard and soft tissues. Because of its micrometric and selective cut, the piezoelectric device produces safe and precise osteotomies without any osteonecrosis damage. This device works only on mineralized tissues, sparing soft tissues and their blood supply.

The low temperature radiation polymerization of vinyl chloride in glass-like paraffinic matrices

The energy losses by a piezo-electric ultrasonic vibrator were measured in glass produced from vaseline oil (VO) or from its mixture with vinyl chloride (VO/VC). The VC was found to polymerize when exposed to γ-rays at −196°C in the VO matrix (long chain paraffins). Glass based on low molecular weight (mol.wt.) paraffins prevented the polymerization of the VC. The study of the sound velocity as a function of temperature in liquid VO and the VO/VC mixture showed the liquids, in contrast with those of low mol.wt. hydrocarbons, to have a micro-heterogeneous structure, and to consist of orderly arranged elements inside a chaotically arranged medium. Increasing the monomer content results in a disturbance of the orderly arranged matrix elements. A scheme is suggested which is based on the radiation polymerization of VC in paraffinic matrices, according to which the polymer chain propagation takes place in the defects of the glass at the interface between the orderly arranged, bundle-like elements and the chaotically arranged medium. The molecular movements of the monomer into the area of such defects depends on the paraffinic chain orientation in the bundles; this creates very favourable conditions for the polymer chain development.

Acoustical Liquid Drop Holder

An acoustical liquid drop holder is described in which radiation pressure is used to support, at rest, drops in the diameter range of 100–3000 μ. The theory of King is applied to give a qualitative explanation of its performance. Design features of a piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator are discussed. The support of liquid drops in a shock tube is given as an application of the drop holder.