The text is a plausible presentation and review of the main work of Theodosius Dobzhansky (Theodosius Grigorievich Dobzhansky) - The Evolution of Humanity. He tries to show and prove that Dobzhansky tries, and largely succeeds, in offering a different, dialectical interpretation of the evolution of the human species, i.e. the evolution of humanity. In line with, but also in contrast to, traditional Darwinism, Dobžanski insists on the claim that evolution, primarily biological, is not over, but that it continues, despite human/cultural intervention, namely together with it, which tries to influence and change the directions of previous natural flows and processes. Biology and culture have become interdependent and interfering during the millennial history, thus, man imposes himself as the main and most responsible factor in the fate of the human race and the survival of the human community/species, but also the totality and entirety of planetary biodiversity, as necessary prerequisites for his own survival. In his research on the evolution of humanity, Dobzhansky starts from the inspiring views of some well-known predecessors, such as Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, however, we can argue that Dobžanski influenced many of his contemporaries, including Avram Noam Chomsky, especially when it comes to linguistic research into the genesis and origin of human language and the influence of transformational-generative grammar on the development of the human mind, equally so, human brain. At the same time, we can state that his researches correspond and coincide with the researches and ethical positions of some contemporary bioethicists, culturologists and philosophers of biology, as well as with the positions of many like-minded people and followers.
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