Piece Of Hardware Research Articles

Percutaneous removal of hardware after orthopedic surgery: Is it safe? and What are patients saying?

To analyze our patient's complication profile and rate after removal of hardware (ROH) surgery, and survey our patients to ask their overall status and improvement in symptomatology post-operatively. Retrospective chart review and survey. Academic, tertiary referral center. 173 patients with 314 pieces of hardware. Seventy-six patients (43.9%) responded to our survey. ROH surgery. Patient demographics and complications were recorded. All patients were sent a brief 3-question survey which asked: (1) Why did you get your hardware removed? (2) How did your overall status change after ROH? (3) How did the ROH affect your stiffness, pain, swelling, and mobility? There were 10 complications (5.5%): 5 infections, 2 with unresolved pain, 1 hematoma, 1 chronic regional pain syndrome exacerbation, and 1 recurrent deformity. All infections were treated with oral antibiotics and improved. All other complications resolved with treatment except for the patient who developed recurrent deformity. Patients underwent ROH surgery because their doctor suggested it (76.3%) and to improve mobility (39.5%). 86.9% reported their overall status improved after ROH. They improved regarding stiffness (73.7%), pain (73.6%), swelling (61.8%), and mobility (76.3%). Similar results were seen among different implants removed. The majority of patients who underwent percutaneous ROH were satisfied. They reported improvement in stiffness, pain, swelling and mobility (greatest improvement). The complication rate was low (5.5%). ROH can be a meaningful operation to patients allowing them to improve their quality of life with a low complication rate. Level IV.

Evaluation of DTP Package using WPM Method

DTP Package. Pamphlets, brochures, and newsletters are among the types of papers that can be produced using desktop publishing software (DTP). The fundamental capabilities of DTP software are included in contemporary word processors, but features like templates and frames make DTP software excellent for intricate page layouts. Examples based on your document in templates. You can achieve this with the aid of five of the most well-liked desktop publishing programmed: Adobe PageMaker, Adobe InDesign, Quark Express, Adobe FrameMaker, and Corel Ventura. Naturally, no one application has all the resources required to satisfy the needs of every publisher. Adobe FrameMaker, Adobe InDesign, Corel Ventura, CorelDraw, Microsoft Publisher, Page Stream, and QuarkXPress are typical examples of desktop publishing software. Although desktop publishing software includes some templates, it is still easy to produce subpar designs that can impair a media message's effectiveness or transmission. Microsoft Publisher, QuarkXPress, Adobe InDesign, and Adobe FrameMaker are examples of common desktop publishing software. DTP operators have enough of work because they are in charge of both new work and a sizable volume of old data that needs to be converted to digital format. A DTP operator may work for a big company or a tiny grocery store. Desktop publishing software includes applications like Adobe InDesign, Microsoft Publisher, QuarkXPress, and Scribus. While office employees, teachers, students, small company owners, and non-designers utilize some of these, professional graphic designers and commercial printing technicians use others. She is a print and web designer as well as a writer, artist, and graphic designer. Graphic designers and desktop publishers frequently employ four different kinds of software. The designer's toolkit is primarily composed of these projects. Two key pieces of hardware are required for desktop publishing (DTP): 1) a computer with additional input devices like scanners and cameras, and 2) a printer with the ability to generate high-quality typographic and visual content. This paper is the weighted product for solving the routing decision problem Model (WPM) used. Every dynamically assign weight to criteria this proposed scheme considers the relevant valuation method for the Disk Operating System, Desktop publishing, Miscarriage, Scan, Spying alternative, and Count of occurrences across the entire dataset, % of total data, % of anomalous data evaluation. Disk Operating System, Desktop publishing, Miscarriage, Scan, Spying. Count of occurrences across the entire dataset, % of total data, % of anomalous data. The scan is got the first rank whereas Miscarriage has the lowest rank.

Document Security System Using Arduino-Based Fingerprint And Rfid Module

Documents are valuable/important letters that can be used as evidence of printed or written information. The company where the author conducted research is a company operating in the logistics sector, which of course has a special document storage room, namely the Accounting room . The use of plastic folders containing documents and safes as a place to store important documents and files still carries a lot of risk of misuse and loss. The title of this research is Document Security System Using Arduino- Based Fingerprint and RFID Modules . One of the aims of this research is to minimize loss and prevent misuse of documents/files placed in plastic folders. A security system using fingerprint and RFID is very good to apply as document security because it has double security. The system created uses a fingerprint as a signal breaker or RFID tag electromagnetic waves which are attached to a folder containing important documents/files belonging to the company. This system is also supported by an Arduino kit Uno with an Atmega328 microcontroller as the brain for processing data from the fingerprint sensor and RFID Reader functions as an electromagnetic wave identification system for RFID Tags , therefore two pieces of hardware are needed, called Tags and Readers . Apart from the three main components mentioned, there are several other components used in making this document security system, namely micro SD kit, buzzer, push button, servo . Creating this system is very important to limit misuse of documents and the risk of losing documents in a company.

Hardware-in-the-loop dynamic load emulation of robotic systems actuated by fluidic artificial muscles

Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing is a popular control system testing method because it bridges the gap between modeling/simulation and experiments. Instead of designing a full hardware-based experiment to validate the results of a simulation, the plant hardware can be replaced with an emulator device that responds to exogenous inputs and effectively emulates the dynamic behavior of a system. This approach can be more cost-effective and modular, since the emulated plant system can be modeled in a simulation environment, implemented on a simplified piece of hardware and changed quickly without having to fabricate new parts. This paper develops the hardware and control scheme for a certain type of HIL device called a dynamic load emulator that consists of a 1-DOF linear hydraulic dynamometer equipped with in-line sensing to measure both its own position and the force exerted on it by a device-under-test. This measured force is passed to a real-time model of the emulated dynamic system. The model outputs the emulated system position, and a closed-loop controller is used to emulate this position. The emulator controller incorporates both model-based feedforward and standard feedback PI control. This paper characterizes the dynamometer-based dynamic load emulator and its controller, determining its hardware limitations and validating its capabilities when experiencing a force input from a linear spring with known parameters. Additionally, this paper demonstrates the ability of the emulator to represent the dynamics of a 1-DOF robotic joint when actuated by a pair of fluidic artificial muscles (FAMs). The primary contribution of this work is to allow for more comprehensive testing of FAM configurations, topologies, and controllers for a wide range of parameters, because the same hardware can be used to emulate multiple systems. As a result, this work will lead to more cost-effective, time-efficient, and energy-efficient designs of robotic systems and the FAMs used to actuate them.

Use of ICT Tools in Open and Distance Learning System

Many schools now use the fourth generation of distance education, also known as the flexible learning model. This means that distance education is changing a lot. This is because every day there are new ICT tools that come out. There is both hardware and software in these ICT tools. The computer is the most important piece of hardware for electronic communication. Other devices that are being used more and more are hand-held ones, like iPods, cellphones, e-readers, mp3 players, and so on. A huge variety of software is available to help people learn. Some of these are learning management systems (LMS) for virtual universities, e-learning programmes, and programmes for making multimedia. Find out about the different kinds of software that are used to teach and learn. All of these ICT tools work together to let people learn from afar using the Internet or the World Wide Web. The traditional way of teaching has had to change because of the use of ICT tools for distance learning. These issues will be looked at in the sections that follow.

Fifteen Years of Millimeter Accuracy Lunar Laser Ranging with APOLLO: Data Reduction and Calibration

The Apache Point Lunar Laser-ranging Operation (APOLLO) has been collecting lunar range measurements for 15 yr at millimeter accuracy. The median nightly range uncertainty since 2006 is 1.7 mm. A recently added Absolute Calibration System (ACS), providing an independent assessment of APOLLO system accuracy and the capability to correct lunar range data, revealed a ∼0.4% (10 ps) systematic error in the calibration of one piece of hardware that has been present for the entire history of APOLLO. The application of ACS-based timing corrections suggests systematic errors are reduced to <1 mm, such that overall data accuracy and precision are both ∼1 mm. This paper describes the processing of APOLLO/ACS data that converts photon-by-photon range measurements into the aggregated normal points that are used for science analyses. Additionally, we present methodologies to estimate timing corrections for range data lacking contemporaneous ACS photons, including range data collected prior to installation of the ACS. We also provide access to the full 15 yr archive of APOLLO normal points (2006 April 6–2020 December 27).

Server virtualization in higher educational institutions: a case study

Virtualization is a concept in which multiple guest operating systems share a single piece of hardware. Server virtualization is the widely used type of virtualization in which each operating system believes that it has sole control of the underlying hardware. Server virtualization has already got its place in companies. Higher education institutes have also started to migrate to virtualized servers. The motivation for higher education institutes to adopt server virtualization is to reduce the maintenance of the complex information technology (IT) infrastructure. Data security is also one of the parameters considered by higher education institutes to move to virtualization. Virtualization enables organizations to reduce expenditure by avoiding building out more data center space. Server consolidation benefits the educational institutes by reducing energy costs, easing maintenance, optimizing the use of hardware, provisioning the resources for research. As the hybrid mode of learning is gaining momentum, the online mode of teaching and working from home options can be enabled with a strengthened infrastructure. The paper presents activities conducted during server virtualization implementation at RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, one of the reputed engineering institutes in India. The activities carried out include study of the current scenario, evaluation of new proposals and post-implementation review.

Approximative Signed Wallace Tree Multiplier Using Reversible Logic

Abstract: The bulk of high-performance and information systems, including microcomputers and digital signal processors, have multipliers as an essential piece of hardware. Convolutional unit are the computationally demanding and performancedetermining operating units in the vast majority of signal conditioning applications. Its length, latency, and power for convolution units, which largely employ adders and multiplyers, are strongly influenced by multipliers. Multimedia and convolution neural networks, which employ processing units, are two examples of real-world applications that place a high demand on high speed multipliers which are optimised both size and power. This project presents an innovative approximation sign Wallace tree multiplication with a approximative 4:2 compressor. Reversible circuitry improves the design for implementation.

Hand Gestures Recognition For Virtual Mouse and Keyboard :A Novel Human- Computer Interaction Approach

Today's computer vision technology is so good that a machine can recognize its owner by using a simple picture-processing programme.. People use this vision in many parts of daily life in the current technological age, including face recognition, color detection, autonomous vehicles, etc. The One of the marvels of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technology is the mouse. Since a wireless mouse or Bluetooth mouse still need a battery for power and a dongle to connect it to the PC, they are not entirely device-free at this time. This study suggests an interactive computer system that converts hand motions into a virtual keyboard and mouse using computer vision. To carry out the task, we can use an internal camera or an external camera. To operate the mouse and keyboard, we can use a built-in camera or an external camera. The computer's camera will scan the image of various hand gestures made by a person, and in accordance with the motions, the mouse pointer will move and even carry out various functions using various gestures. Other motions can also be used to access the keyboard's features. It will work as a virtual mouse and keyboard in the absence of any wiring or other hardware. The project's webcam is the only piece of hardware, and Python is used for all development on the PyCharm platform. Modern machine learning and computer vision techniques are used in this research to recognize hand gestures, and they operate without the need for any additional hardware.

Design and Development of a Family of Integrated Devices to Monitor Animal Movement in the Wild

Monitoring the tortoise Chelonoidis chilensis in the wild, currently in a vulnerable state of conservation in southern Argentina, is essential to gather movement information to elaborate guidelines for the species preservation. We present here the electronic circuit design as well as the associated firmware for animal monitoring that was entirely designed by our interdisciplinary research team to allow the extension of device features in the future. Our development stands out for being a family of low-cost and low-power devices, that could be easily adaptable to other species and contexts. Each device is composed of a sub 1 GHz radiofrequency IoT-compatible transceiver, a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver, a magnetometer, and temperature and inertial sensors. The device does not exceed 5% of the animal's weight to avoid disturbance in their behavior. The board was designed to work as a monitoring device as well as a collecting data station and a tracker, by adding only small pieces of hardware. We performed field measurements to assess the autonomy and range of the radiofrequency link, as well as the power consumption and the associated positioning error. We report those values and discuss the device's limitations and advantages. The weight of the PCB including battery and GNSS receiver is 44.9 g, its dimensions are 48.7 mm × 63.7 mm, and it has an autonomy that can vary between a week and a month, depending on the sampling rates of the sensors and the rate of the RF signal and that of the GNSS receiver. The characterization of the device parameters will favor the open use of this development by other research groups working on similar projects.

Design and Implementation of Enterprise Financial Decision Support System Based on Business Intelligence

Purpose: Business intelligence and decision support systems are now recognized as critical enterprise infrastructure. Data is increasingly being used by business enterprises to react to key operational and strategic operations of their customers, markets, and stakeholders. Theoretical framework: Business intelligence has advanced as the volume of data generated by smart technologies and the Internet has increased exponentially. Design/Methodology/Approach: When using AI in the business world, privacy concerns arise when sensitive data is transmitted to a third-party vendor who has no connection to the company. Financial decision support data is managed by these AI service providers. Even while it may seem like a drawback, artificial intelligence technology actually has several advantages. Findings: The results of this research show that a network can improve the financial management of a corporation. Using many applications of AI technology helps bring down the overall cost of operations. When it comes to financial services, both the number of IT workers needed and the number of necessary pieces of hardware (servers) can be reduced, resulting in a marginal drop in capital expenditures. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: When it comes to financial services, both the number of IT workers needed and the number of necessary pieces of hardware (servers) can be reduced, resulting in a marginal drop in capital expenditures. It is now simpler and quicker to get your hands on relevant financial information, which should lead to greater efficiency. Originality/value: With our proposed approach, the accuracy of financial decision support in company increases to 99.84% from 88.94%, while the implementation time and cost are reduced.

Development of electrocardiogram intelligent and wearable monitoring system-assisting in care

&lt;p&gt;The primary factor contributing to the high mortality rate in our country is coronary heart disease, which affects almost 50% of people from rural regions. Internet of things (IoT) contributes effectively to the development of point of care (POC) gadgets that support the medical upkeep of an expanding agricultural population. An electrocardiogram test is crucial for analysing cardiac disorders. Therefore, we must develop a POC piece of hardware to assess the health of the heart in an affordable manner and to design it for the patients without interfering with their daily regular procedure in order to monitor the patient's coronary heart disease. As a result, we must design an uninterrupted workbench, which consists of three main integrated parts. The first is a mobile Bluetooth low energy device that has 5-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) surveillance equipment and the smallest form factor. The smart phone Android application that inherits, resolves, and maps the data sent from the ECG device comes next. The patient's information and report details are then compiled on a cloud server for the doctor's future attribution needs.&lt;/p&gt;

Gesture Recognition Based Virtual Mouse and Keyboard

Today, computer vision has advanced to the point where a machine can recognise its owner by running a straight forward picture processing application. People are employing this in this period of growth because vision in a variety of everyday activities, including Face Recognition, Color Detection, Autopilot Cars, etc. In this project, computer vision, or a camera, is utilised to recognise hand gestures to create a virtual mouse and keyboard. The computer's camera will scan the image of various hand gestures made by a user, and the computer's mouse cursor will move and even carry out various functions using various movements in accordance with the gestures. Similar to how some other motions can be used to access keyboard features.Without a wire or other external devices, it will function as a virtual mouse and keyboard. The project's webcam is its sole piece of hardware, and Python is used to code on the Anaconda platform. This project uses cutting-edge Machine Learning and Computer Vision algorithms to recognise hand movements, and it operates without the need for any additional hardware. Index Terms - Face Recognition, Machine Learning, Virtual Mouse And Keyboard, Anaconda Platform

Development of a real time wearable system for monitoring sprint running performance

The main goal of this project is to create a system for tracking 100-meter sprint performance. An athlete&apos;s performance is monitored by a system called a performance monitoring system (PMS). It was challenging for earlier generations to evaluate an athlete&apos;s accomplishments on their own. Athletes can track their performance using the performance monitoring system in ways including total steps, total time, time utilised for each step, and distance used for each step. This prototype consists of two pieces of hardware. One of the pieces of hardware is placed on the shoe of the athlete, with the connection of a FSR sensor and GPS module. The FSR sensor is used to measure the time and the total step, while the GPS module is used to measure the distance used for each step. The data from the FSR sensor and GPS module was sent to an XBEE for real-time display on a laptop. A different outcome will follow from the difference in running behaviour. The accuracy of step detection yielded results that showed 90% of steps were detected at moderate speeds and 93% at high speeds. At low speed and high speed, the time detection accuracy for each step was 96.77% and 92.22%, respectively.

Three-Dimensional Printing and the Art of Making Small Working Prototype Spectrometers

In the past, moving from a concept for an analytical instrument to actually producing a functioning instrument was a relatively tedious and lengthy process. The traditional approach was to draft a design and then go through a number of iterations, along with design reviews and sign-offs. Today, if one has a good designer who is well-versed in computer-aided design (CAD) engineering software, then it is possible to significantly reduce the time to develop a good-looking functional design. However, the time to go from the CAD design to a complete piece of hardware is typically the longest part of the process. It is not unusual for machine shop delays to be up to 6–8 weeks. Today, such delays can be eliminated by producing the designed parts on a desktop with a three-dimensional (3D) printer. This article shows, by example, how a 3D printer can speed up the process of making prototype hardware for a spectral measurement system, shortening the time to produce functional hardware from weeks to days—or less.

Gesture Recognition Based Virtual Mouse and Keyboard

In this project, an optical mouse and keyboard are created utilizing hand motions and computer vision. The computer's camera will scan the image of various hand gestures made by a user, and the computer's mouse or pointer will move in accordance with the movements of the Users can even conduct right and left clicks using various gestures. Similar to this, several gestures can be used to operate the keyboard, such as the one-finger gesture for selecting an alphabet and the four- figure motion for swiping left and right. Without a wire or other external devices, it will function as a virtual mouse and keyboard. The project's webcam is its sole piece of hardware, and Python is used to code on the Anaconda platform. Here, the Convex hull defects are first constructed, and then an algorithm is generated and maps the mouse and keyboard functions to the defects using the defect calculations. By mapping a few of them with the mouse and keyboard, the computer will recognise the user's gesture and respond appropriately. Index Terms - Optical Mouse, Face Recognition, Virtual Mouse And Keyboard, Anaconda Platform

Biomemristors-based synaptic devices for artificial intelligence applications

With the advent of high-tech eras with big data, artificial intelligence and 5G communications, people have higher and higher requirements for computer performance. The traditional von Neumann architecture, whose principle is the separation of the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, not only limits the performance of the computer, but also causes a lot of energy consumption. The next generation of brain-inspired computing chips promises to break the von Neumann bottleneck by simulating the brain's neural networks, enabling a new computer architecture known as neuromorphic computing. Memristors have been found to be one of the best pieces of hardware for neuromorphic computing and the best components for building artificial neural networks. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of biomemristors as synaptic devices. Memristors and bio-synapses are first introduced, and then the research progress of biomemristors based on biomaterials and polymers is reported. Finally, the application prospects and challenges of biomemristors in synapses are pointed out. This review provides a research perspective for the application of biomemristors-based synaptic devices in artificial intelligence.

SIGNAL PROCESSING AND SYNCHRONIZATION TECHNIQUE IN SOFTWARE-DEFINED RADIO SYSTEMS WITH OFDM

The article describes modern concepts for the development of Software-defined Radio (SDR) technology. A functional diagram of a software-defined radio station using the method of transmitting information with modulation based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is proposed. The conditions for ensuring symbol synchronization of OFDM signals are investigated. It is determined that the disruption of the orthogonality of OFDM symbols is accompanied by such phenomena as the occurrence of inter-symbol interference and inter-channel interference. The method of constellation diagrams was used to study the effect of errors caused by interference on the quality of processing of multiposition signals. The effect of interference in a channel from OFDM on the phase of signals during their processing is estimated. Mathematical models of signals with OFDM in the presence of interference effects are obtained. Two types of errors are considered, which are caused by carrier distortion. In particular, the occurrence of phase noise is possible, the cause of which is associated with the instability of the generating equipment of the carrier signals both on the transmitting and on the receiving side. Another factor is carrier offset due to Doppler frequency. The proposed SDR receiver structure is based on the digital IF architecture. This architecture has more flexibility than traditional RF architectures and is not sensitive to DC offset, LO leakage, etc. Moreover, since the I/Q up/down conversion is done digitally in the IF stage, the negative effects caused by I/Q imbalance will be minimized. The SDR consists of a small piece of hardware at the RF input, i.e., an antenna and a high-rate ADC capable of capturing and digitizing broadband radio signals. To increase the communication range in SDR, we use amplifiers in front of two DAC/ADC stages. The receiver has a low-noise amplifier to reduce the quantization noise of the transducer and increase the Signal-to-noise Ratio (SNR). The data is then processed on specialized computational units within the embedded system, enabling important demodulation, synchronization, and decoding techniques to be implemented.

Focus on software, data acquisition, and instrumentation

Focus on software, data acquisition, and instrumentation

Design and Analysis of Automated Pneumatic Door System

Abstract: This new feature deals with the actuating of the bus doors automatically using advanced timers, relays &amp; specialized microprocessors to assist the driver to close these doors without closing in on the passengers effectively trapping them between powerful pneumatic doors as opposed with the existing manually operated technology where these accidents are prevailing as happenstance all-around and the country and the driver has to react to it manually, after realizing what is happening to their passenger because of a seemingly extenuated problem. Thus adding this piece of hardware to an existing component not only improves safety and assurance to property and personnel but takes off one more thing the driver has to worry about extensively while driving a multi axle vehicle carrying more than fifty passengers. This also allows passengers to have more feasible egress during an event of any emergencies including but not limited to smokes, collisions etc. After many avenues of analysis it is submitted for the future reference and use of next generation vehicles. Keywords: pneumatic cylinder, solenoid valve, microcontroller