Piece Of Property Research Articles

Trusted Framework for Online Banking in Public Cloud Using Multi-Factor Authentication Using Block-Chain Framework

There are always potential hazards from hackers, adware, malware, and viruses. Many big international corporations have experienced hacking and security breaches in the previous few years. In certain instances, this has resulted in the leakage of private and confidential information, such as bank account information, addresses, and transactions, but there are security measures in place that can block these things before they get too close to the company's private data. This is crucial for both secrecy and to avoid paying the steep fines levied on businesses that fail to adequately safeguard customer information. The project is a verification mechanism that only allows users with the proper input credentials to access the system. The project involves modules or user certificates. Security credentials come in a variety of forms. Thus, we incorporate a unique blockchain for banking security and user authentication in this proposed methodology. This degree of authentication reduces the possibility of hacking and the loss of sensitive data. Also, in the current environment, safer bank transactions are necessary due to advancements in security technologies. They have also made advances into industries, healthcare, telecommunications, and home automation, among others. A distributed ledger is basically what a blockchain is. It can keep information about who owns a certain piece of property or, for example, a bond. A permanent record of ownership can be maintained using technology, which also makes it possible for parties with a low level of trust to exchange the asset. Key Words: Custom Blockchain, Distributed Ledger, Authentications, Confidentiality, Transactions, Security System, Credentials, Banking Security, etc.

Penerapan Metode MAUT Dalam Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Pemberian Bantuan Jasa Pada Kelurahan

Aid is a program designed to help people who need it because they are in some kind of difficulty in ringing in their bebans. On this basis, a bantuan could consist of knowledge, a building, a piece of property, and even money or other benefits related to a previously granted jasa. Pengambilan keputusan adalah memilih a few available backup plans in order to accomplish one or a few previously set goals. According to McLeod, the keputus system is a particular system that is based on structure and uses data and a model.computer that produces a variety of alternative ideas for use by managers to assist them in handling a variety of problems that are poorly structured or not at allBased on the evaluation of alternative data and criteria using the Maut method, the model can be applied to four alternative data with the highest level of preferred outcome as shown below. : A7 Patience baringin manurung with a score of 0.733 A1 on behalf of Martumpal p hutajulu with a score of 0.465, A5 on behalf of pineeria simanungkalit with a score of 0.365, A3 on behalf of Janter lubis with a score of 0.344. So the MAUT (Multi Attribute Utility Theory) method can be used in solve the problem of selecting church officials who are eligible to receive merit assistance

Enfeoffment to Use, Legalism, and Humanism in Gower's Mirour de l'Omme

Enfeoffment to Use, Legalism, and Humanism in Gower's <i>Mirour de l'Omme</i>

Joseph and Lucy Smith's Tunbridge Farm: An Archaeology and Landscape Study

Joseph and Lucy Smith's Tunbridge Farm: An Archaeology and Landscape Study

Tax and Cross-Collateralized Nonrecourse Liability

This Article explores the tax treatment of cross-collateral nonrecourse debt. When using the term cross-collateral debt, we are referring to nonrecourse debt that is connected with more than one piece of property. While tax issues concerning cross-collateralized properties can arise in several circumstances, the focus of this Article is on the tax treatment of a transfer of property subject to a cross-collateralizednonrecourse liability to a controlled corporation in exchange for stock that qualifies for some or all nonrecognition under § 351. The Article also discusses two other tax issues involving cross-collateralizednonrecourse liability—namely, cancellation of debt and determination of basis issues.

Distributed ledger technology and property registers: displacement or status quo

ABSTRACT There are two primary purposes of property registers. First, they make public the proprietary interests that exist in a piece of property (disclosure). Second, they provide confidence to the holders of proprietary interests that their rights will be enforceable against other parties and will take priority over lesser competing interests (assurance). However, disclosure and assurance are only useful to the extent that the information held on the register is accurate and trusted. Accuracy and trust have traditionally been ensured by using an independent intermediary. However, many existing property registration systems based on intermediaries have limitations and fail to provide a complete, accurate and fully reliable public record. This article addresses whether distributed ledger technology (‘DLT’) is better equipped than intermediaries to achieve the primary aims of disclosure and assurance. In considering the efficacy of DLT in this context, the article analyses three specific use cases as examples: the company charge register, registrable intellectual property (patents and trademarks) and copyright. The article argues that DLT cannot overcome all problems associated with achieving full disclosure and assurance, but in certain contexts it can offer specific advantages over existing registration systems.

Advertising Homeownership through Cultural Capitalism: Neoliberal Making of New Shanghai Middle-Class Dream

Private homeownership has increasingly become a kind of new obsession and a symbol of upward mobility among the emerging middle class in post-Mao Chinese society. This essay studies the neoliberal making of the new Shanghai middle-class dream by exploring how this dream is invented and imagined through the pursuit of cosmopolitan citizenship, socio-spatial class distinction, and tiered lifestyles. It analyzes and problematizes the enduring charm of Shanghai as a global “city of magic” continues to attract those who aspire to eventually own a piece of property and display cultural capital of this highly unaffordable neoliberal city. Through a series of distinct case studies of recent real estate advertisement, interior design philosophy, and signature furniture stores and architecture magazines whose storytelling aesthetics are middle-class-inspired and focused, the essay critiques the way in which private homeownership is engineered, advertised, and made as one of the key prerequisites for the new Shanghainese (xin Shanghairen) to become middle class in the past two decades. It argues that the making of the new Shanghai middle-class dream is problematically preconditioned by a type of state-market promotion and advertisement of private homeownership and urban citizenship that ultimately synchronizes with the state-capitalist, neoliberal making of a moderately prosperous (xiaokang) society where class distinctions have revived to dominate the social, cultural, and economic discourses of a bourgeois Shanghai in the age of global capitalism.

Guilty Things

What kind of legal history might account for the unique and continued practice of forfeiture in the United States? Law enforcement, as many recent writers have argued, has grown increasingly dependent on this fail-safe way to gain revenue, since civil asset forfeiture has few procedural safeguards. Unlike criminal forfeiture (in personam), civil forfeiture generally proceeds against the offending property (in rem), not against the person. A piece of property does not have the rights of a person; so, instead of proving crime beyond “a reasonable doubt,” suspicion equal to “probable cause” is enough. Your property is guilty until you prove it innocent. With civil forfeiture, owners do not have to be charged with a crime, let alone be convicted, to lose homes, cars, cash—or dogs. This effort to sharpen our understanding of dispossession is preeminently a legal project. It takes its meaning and garners its effects from the division between value and disregard, things and persons, human and nonhuman. In analyzing how legal reasoning has historically contributed to literal expropriation, I examine the generally invisible nexus of animality, human marginalization, and juridical authority.

To Be and Not to Be an IPR – The Protection of Trade Secrets in the EU

No international consensus has developed regarding the classification of trade secret as an Intellectual Property Right, a piece of property or something different. This article argues that one should not from the abstract classification of the nature of the protection of trade secrets seek to infer legal consequences and that classifying trade secrets could well be a matter of degrees; for some purposes, it might make sense to see trade secrets as an IPR whereas for other it does not. Using the example of the Enforcement Directive and TRIPS it is pointed out how these legal regimes classify trade secrets protection in different ways but also that they do so for the same purpose which is problematic.

The Hell Test (Seven Springs)

DANIEL POPPICK | 135 The Hell Test (Seven Springs) Daniel Poppick poetry 1. In the new music I’ve discovered nudity. Idiomatic footfall marking its route over a pane of glass, plunging into a darkened meadow. An interruption in the field filled with a vaporous microphone, titling the air with what it records—an animal running through the grass, stalking the glass, stepping onto it, lowering his snout, and whimpering as he smells the window under his feet. 2. I used to trespass regularly on a piece of property two towns over from where I grew up. Property is the syntax of the reddening horizon. But “property” isn’t the precise word. It was an estate, meadows and mansions, little monuments of infrastructure dotted along its outer edges: an abandoned stable, a shattered greenhouse, a rotting pump overgrown with flowering vines, an enormous house with a fountain in its garden, a pile of rubble, a swimming pool lined with marble. It was decadently abandoned. I told my parents about it at dinner. Alarmed, they told me not to go back, so I did as often as I could. I walked alone there, stoned at the end of my teens, meticulously surveilling myself for signs of profundity that no one credited me; if I could not articulate what I was, I would let the properties on which I trespassed speak for me. Was I of this ruined estate? The place looked like a horror movie even in broad daylight. I always stopped by a spot in the middle of a field, no building in sight, in which a skylight jutted out of the grass over what appeared to be a dank cellar below. There was a hatch a few feet away that I could have easily opened, but something stopped me. I listened for hours on end to music 136 | DANIEL POPPICK featuring psychedelic mandolin solos and lyrics about talking coyotes , played the role of Dan in an edgeless theater for an audience, such as it was, of one, and was, to what I think of as my present self, insu≠erable. I was magnetized to suburban ruins, especially if the ruins were under construction, as the knowledge that I was standing in the skeletal infrastructure of what might someday be some unknown family’s home filled me with a sharp longing that I loved because it would never be satisfied; I would never be able to gather enough of the multitudinous downed branches of adolescence to build the theater-in-the-round that I imagined adulthood to be. For instance, it was impossible to imagine owning a house. One day, walking through the woods of the estate alone, I felt a presence in the trees o≠ to my left. I looked up and saw, fifty paces through the forest, a structure so large and ominous that the mere outline of it made my blood run cold. I’d never felt that way about a building. A stone tower with nothing around it. I stepped back, then stepped forward. It was January, and along its rim ice seemed to bubble from the ground. I walked up to it and marveled at how close it had been without my noticing. I craned my neck and saw a tree growing on top of it. I had been raised as a Reform Jew—in other words, an agnostic worshipper of narrative—which meant that this image appealed. I wanted to see it up close. I pried open the door to the tower and found a metal water silo inside, corroded and percussively dripping. In a helix around it a rusted set of stairs spiraled up. I tested the first one, and it seemed sturdy enough to hold my weight. I started walking up, slowly, wondering if I could find a latch in the ceiling to get to the top in the dark. Twenty feet up I heard a wet crunch. The stair snapped under me and clattered into darkness—I grabbed the rail, and the entire staircase swung free from its bolt. I caught myself between the tank and stone exterior, and slowly slid myself down, the mechanism clanking in on itself, my heart pounding...

Property in a time of transition: An examination of perceptions, navigations and constructions of property relations among unlawful occupiers in Johannesburg’s inner city

One of the most enduring legacies of apartheid is the racialised in-access to property for the (black) majority of South Africans. The large unmet demand for accessible and affordable residential property close to work opportunities has resulted in widespread unlawful occupation of inner city buildings, which in the post-apartheid legal order has been shielded by a constitutional prohibition against arbitrary and unjust eviction. Yet, notwithstanding significant protection against eviction, in what remains a largely private property-dominated paradigm, unlawful occupation is an inherently disruptive act that pits ownership against the use/occupation of the same piece of property. Seeking to better understand the under-scrutinised social reality of such unlawful occupation of privately-owned property, we undertook qualitative research to examine how unlawful occupiers view, traverse and (re)define property-related arrangements. Coming from legal and built environment backgrounds respectively, we were particularly interested to understand the extent to which the legal limbo of unlawful occupation has given rise to a rejection of the hegemony of private property ownership and the construction of an alternative urban property rights consciousness among unlawful occupiers. Our research indicates that, although residents in Johannesburg’s inner city have found ways to deal with their state of unlawful occupation, the occupied spaces currently more accurately reflect a survivalist struggle in a mainstream property ownership-dominated reality than the assertion of a new urban property regime, with occupiers yearning for greater, rather than less, formality and legal authority.

Writing Settlement: Locating Asian-Indigenous Relations in the Pacific

A & Q 25 Writing Settlement: Locating Asian–­ Indigenous Relations in the Pacific Yu-­ting Huang I In June 1978, in a weekly column in the New York Times, Chinese American author Maxine Hong Kingston described buying her first house with husband Earll Kingston in Hawai‘i. The essay was later reprinted in her 1999 essay collection Hawai‘i One Summer as the opening chapter to the volume of various reflections about life on the islands. But the essay was not a celebration of ownership or homecoming; instead, Kingston’s account featured her unrelenting anxiety about settlement—­about settlement pure and simple and about settlement on land stolen from the indigenous peoples. Kingston began the essay reminiscing about her former commitment to a sort of radical nomadism, when she was actively participating in antiwar activism in the Bay Area in the late 1960s and early 1970s. “In politics, the householder doesn’t say, ‘Burn it down to the ground.’ I had never become a housewife. I didn’t need to own land to belong on this planet” (Kingston 1999, 3). Ownership compromises, declared Kingston . But when political activism failed to dissuade the government from war, Kingston escaped from California to Hawai‘i “to have a place for meeting when the bombs fall and to write in a garret” (5). Ownership became more tolerable in political pessimism, and she reasoned, “If we owned a vacant lot somewhere, when the world ends, we can go there to sleep or sit” (5). As it turned out, it was not possible for Kingston to escape the demands on her political convictions so easily. At the escrow office, the Kingstons received papers detailing the history of the land, reminding them that the supposedly “vacant lot” in Kingston’s defeated political dream was once Native Hawaiian land1 —­ land that was parceled out, severed, and sold as private titles to American settlers in the 1840s, when King Kamehameha III adopted private ownership in the face of increasing U.S. and other foreign encroachments, in the hope that such measures could help preserve territorial and national sovereignty among Native Hawaiians.2 But as Lilikalā Kame‘eleihiwa (1992), Noenoe K. Silva (2004), and others have shown, the partition of Hawaiian land into private titles led to more steady erosion of Hawaiian sovereignty throughout the nineteenth century , leading up to the 1893 illegal overthrow of Queen Lili‘kuokalani, the 1898 annexation, and the 1959 incorporation of Hawai‘i into the Union, 26 A & Q shortly before a United Nations resolution could have created a pathway for Hawaiian independence—­ all amid vigorous Native Hawaiian protests.3 So today, Native Hawaiians are a demographic minority on their ancestral land by official counting, whereas Asians and whites have come to overwhelm them in numbers.4 In other words, the land that the Kingstons purchased was anything but vacant. Its title as private property was implicated in the history of settler colonialism in Hawai‘i, the living testimony of U.S. imperialism that Kingston had so fervently protested back in the Mainland. “We don’t belong on it,” Earll Kingston declared, while Maxine Hong Kingston attempted to reason her way through the purchase: “I rationalized , isn’t all land Israel? No matter what year you claim it, the property belongs to a former owner who has good moral reason for a claim? We, for example, have right to go to China and say we own our farm, the one piece of property in the world that has belonged to our family since unrecorded history? Ridiculous, isn’t it?” (Kingston 1999, 8). Punctuated with question marks, these musings were never confirmed or rejected in the essay. The questions of belonging on stolen indigenous land lingered, as the essay continued to describe Kingston setting up her writing desk and laying down mattresses in the empty house with her husband and son. The ensuing essays in the column and in Hawai‘i One Summer go on to record Kingston’s encounter with the spirited land of Hawai‘i and her sense of being an outsider vis-­à-­vis the Native and Local communities in Hawai‘i.5 II The lingering questions signal to me that Kingston was not certain of the comparisons...

"Coniugalia praecepta" Plutarcha o życiu żon

The good wife, as Plutrach taught, ought to have no feeling of her own, but she should join with her husband in seriousness and sportiveness, in soberness and laughter. The husband has to be pure and clean from all connexion with others when he approach his wife and her virtue, her exclusive devotion to her husband, her constancy, and her affection, ought to be most in evidence. The man ought to exercise control over the woman, not as the owner has control over a piece of property, but, as the soul colonists the body, by entering into her feelings and being knit to her through goodwill. He is teacher of philosophy, she is his disciple: for his wife husband must collect from every source what is useful and carrying it within his own self impart it to her, and then discusses it with her, and makes the best of these doctrines her favourite and familiar themes.

Determinants of rental value for residential properties: A land owner’s perspective for boarding homes

Housing is the most representative land use in any urban area. At present renting of houses instead of buying is a significant phenomenon in the housing market. The ultimate goal of owning a rental property is to make profits with little additional effort. With the absence of a guideline, land owners arbitrary evaluate the property and charges unaffordable values. Since there is no alternative, depending on the need, tenant has to accept it. On the other hand, as each piece of property is unique, it is difficult to fix a rent. This becomes worse in boarding homes. With this background the focus of this paper is on developing an index as a guideline to determine the rental value in housing market. The case study specifies the renting based on higher education institute. Hence three types of renting units such as bed, room and annex selected. The data collection was completed through a structured questionnaire. The significant of each variable is evaluated through a multiple regression model. The findings categorized into levels on the basis of the coefficient values. The results indicate that distance to main junction is the most significant variable in the three types of properties.

Separate issues of rights and obligations of loan agreement parties

Problem setting . The content of any civil law agreement created by the terms and conditions determined by the parties and agreed between them, as well as the terms that are mandatory according to the regulations of the civil law . Qualifying the agreement from the legal view , the content of the agreement is always characterized as the summary of mutual rights and obligations of counterparties . That is why the problem of correlation of mutual rights and obligations between parties of civil relations interested and still excites scientists ’ great interest . Recent research and publications analysis . Such civil law scientists as M . I . Bragynskiy , S . V . Zankovskaya , O.S. Ioffe , S . N . Landkof , D . I . Meyer , G . N . Polyanskaya , V. A. Ryasencev, G . F . Shershenevych studied the balance of rights and duties of parties in the gratuitous use of property agreement (loan agreements) . Issues of loan agreement legal regulation are studied by such modern scientist as N . M . Boiko , V .О . Goncharenko , N . A . Dyachkova , E . M . Klyueva , V . M . Kossak , O . M . Solovyov . Paper objective . To analyze the scope and content of rights and duties of loaner and borrower; to disclose any peculiar features of powers of loan agreement parties tacking in account gratuitous nature of such relations; to substantiate the necessity to introduce any amendments to legislation in relation to rights and duties of the studied agreement parties. Paper main body . Peculiarities of rights and duties of loan agreement parties mainly connected to gratuitous nature of such relations. The scope and content of rights and duties of the counterparts according to the agreement depends upon its legal structure (real or consensus). At characterization of the loan agreement parties’ duties we should address as to the regulations of Chapter 60 of Ukrainian Civil Law and to the regulations governing hire (rent) relations. The Clauses of Chapter 58 of Ukrainian Civil Law shall be applied only if the opposite not determined by Chapter “Loan” and does not contradict gratuitous nature of loan relations. The main responsibility of the loaner according to the agreement is the transfer of piece of property to a user for gratuitous usage. At real transaction the loaner performs this function at the moment of agreement conclusion. At consensus model of transaction the duty of the loaner to transfer piece of property arise first of all. Conclusions . In order to improve legal regulation of certain duties of loan agreement parties we should: 1) in legal regulations to determine such terms as “ordinary costs”, “ capital repairs ” and “ minor repairs ” ; 2) we should clearly indicate which regulations of Clause 58 “Hire(rent)” can be applied to govern the loan agreement. Such improvement will allow to eliminate any disputes at allocation of rights and duties of the parties during insurance of loaned property, at repair of property and reimbursement of repair expenses.

CIVILIZING HAWAII: ISABELLA BIRD BISHOP IN THE SANDWICH ISLANDS

Nineteenth-century male European travel writerssometimes romanticize their destinations and dream they have arrived in untouched lands. The Hawaii Isabella Bird visited, however, was not an idyllic land, forgotten by time. Early in the nineteenth century, steamships crossed the Pacific, carrying goods and people from the United States, Australia, New Zealand, China, and Japan. The trade in sandalwood and fur brought many foreign steamships into Hawaii (Kuykendall 15). It was not uncommon for American missionaries to arrive in Hawaii via whaling ships that stopped in Hawaii (Kuykendall 16, 41). Hawaii, with its position between mainland America and Asia, was a valuable and strategic piece of property. Isabella Bird Bishop's 1875 travel memoirThe Hawaiian Archipelago: Six months Among the Palm Groves, Coral Reefs, and Volcanoes of the Sandwich Islandscomments on the political situation the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) faced in the nineteenth century.

Functional Performance of Piece of Property with Account for its Level of Environmental Security

&lt;p class="p0"&gt;Approaches were given to create the factor characterized the environmental security of piece of property for building constructions as well as for people who stay in it for a long time.&lt;/p&gt;

El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles de la Porciúncula: Or How Los Angeles Got its Name

‭This study traces the route by which the city of Los Angeles came to be called by that name. Late in life St. Francis retired to a tiny hut on “a little piece of property,” una porziuncola near Assisi. Because angels were frequently heard singing there, the area around his hut was known as “La Valle di Nostra Donna degli Angeli.” Here, Francis experienced two appearances of Mary and her Son, during which he obtained the revolutionary plenary indulgence known as Il Perdono d’Assisi. The Porziuncola became a pilgrims’ shrine, and Francis’s hut was transformed into a huge basilica dedicated to Santa Maria degli Angeli. Reception of the indulgence slowly spread throughout Europe, and most particularly in Spain. Columbus, who was a Franciscan Tertiary, after a stay in the monastery of Our Lady of the Angels at La Rábida, set sail on his momentous journey on the feast of the Perdono (2 August). The indulgence was carried to the New World by the Franciscans where the devotion developed a wide-spread cult. Three hundred years later, the Spanish king’s army, accompanied by Franciscan friars, journeyed up the western coast and came upon a clear stream, which they called la Porciúncula. In 1781, the New World City of the Angels was founded in the cult’s honor.‬

The Charleston Orphan House: Children’s Lives in the First Public Orphanage in America by John E. Murray (review)

The Charleston Orphan House: Children's Lives in First Public Orphanage in America. By John E. Murray. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013. Pp. 268. Cloth, $30.00.)Childhood poverty in United today is appallingly high. Approximately 16 million children, more than one out of every five, currently lives in households that earn less than half of national median income-one of standard measurements of poverty as defined by United Nations. In a ranking of 35 wealthiest countries, United is 34th in its level of poverty among youngsters. In reality, more than 22 percent of American children are impoverished at some point during their young lives, since poorer households tend to cycle back and forth across poverty line. Furthermore, their material futures are bleak: 45 percent of youngsters who live in poverty for half of their childhood will still be poor at age 35. The safety net for children in United likewise is also dreadful, and it is getting worse rather than better; proportionally speaking, government assistance has been growing more rapidly for oldest rather than youngest members of our society during past few decades.John Murray's marvelous new book examines one aspect of safety net in past-the first orphanage in United States. He tracks thousands of orphans, their families, and officials at institution in Charleston from time of its establishment in 1790 until Civil War. Murray is my kind of historian: He strains his eyes with microfilm and gets his hands dusty from handling records, and lots of them. His impressive, prodigious research draws primarily on applications written by parents (or their literate friends) for admission of their children into orphanage. It surely is a remarkable set of documents, perhaps even, as Murray claims, the greatest collection of first-person reports on work and family lives of poor anywhere in United States (4). Moreover, author makes records yield a great deal of information about poorer families in Charleston throughout antebellum era.Why was Charleston first city in United (and for many years only urban center) to establish an orphanage? Murray's answer is one of book's major arguments. Like so many American institutions, especially in South, orphanage grew in part out of tensions between slavery and freedom. One resolution was to solidify class solidarity among whites by emphasizing that they all belonged to superior race. The orphanage thus served political and social functions of allowing elites to express their sympathy for lower-class whites, and in turn, for poorer whites to enjoy at least assurance that in worst of circumstances, their children would have a place to live. In this instance, race trumped class.This book also makes an enormous contribution to our knowledge in its richly detailed reconstruction of family lives of poorer whites. Murray displays great sensitivity in recounting their stories. Mrs. S. L. Wright, for example, applied in 1814 for admission of two of her four children to orphanage when her husband, a plasterer, died. Like many other women, demise of her husband spelled economic disaster. Without a piece of property, like a boardinghouse, widows simply could not earn sufficient money in jobs open to them (usually washing or sewing clothes) to keep their families together. …

Memory and Guilt

Memory and Guilt