PID Regulator Research Articles

An Investigation and Simulation of Frequency Controlled Electric Drive System

Paper presents experimental and simulation results with 4 kW induction motor drive. Experiments are done using hardware in the loop real time simulation which allows implementing of motor control directly from the personal computer. This technique enables to replace part of the system with computer model running software. Regulator model was simulated in Matlab/Simulink. PI and PID regulators were tested. Experimental and simulation results starting and loading the motor are elaborated. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.19.2.3463

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Production Plant Control System Optimization

In the industrial production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), large number of loops and low self-control rate can cause a few problems, such as poor loop tuning of PID regulator parameters, poor maneuverability of automation, big device fluctuations, lots of alarms as well as the lack of stability. Thus, control procedure optimizing and PID algorithm are adopted to control the system. Firstly, operating point without automation before is to put into automation now. It aims to improve the operational stability and reach the device self-control rate to more than 95%. Then, advanced control theory is adopted to optimize the controller form and tuning PID parameters to achieve fast response, strong anti-jamming, device control stability effect.

Design of Portable On-Board Charger

To solve the key technology of automotive lithium battery charging system, a new kind of smart portable on-board charger is developed. This battery charger takes single-chip machine of freescale as system control chip, realizes closed-loop control of bus voltage by the voltage pulse width modulation chip TL494, realizes charger output with constant voltage, constant current and switch without disturbances by the current pulse width modulation chip UC3846, achieves master-slave control mode for multi–parallel machines through the CAN bus technology. In addition, the microcontroller program realizes the process monitoring and fuzzy PID regulation, the charging process has multiple intelligent protection and external regulatory functions. The experimental results show that with dual regulations of the software and hardware, the charger has the advantages of stable reliability, flexible operation and precise intelligence, an effective exploration of the battery charging technology is carried out.

Energy-Saving Applying Study of Fuzzy Control in the Variable Frequency and Constant Pressure Water Supply System

A new energy-saving method of variable frequency and constant pressure water supply system based on fuzzy control theory and software control technique is presented in this paper. Firstly, collecting the pipe network pressure periodically through the pressure sensor, the differential pressure signal will be sent into fuzzy controller after comparing the pipe network pressure with the set pressure. Then send a precise control quantity into the PID regulator to control output frequency of the frequency converter after a series of fuzzy arithmetic and solution of fuzzy arithmetic, so as to achieve the purpose of pump speed and consumed power controlling. The operating principle of variable frequency and constant pressure water supply system and the design procedures of software programming are elaborated. Practical application shows that the variable frequency and constant pressure water supply system based on fuzzy control has good effect on energy saving and obvious economic benefits and is worth popularizing and applying.

The Design of Variable Frequency and Constant Pressure Water Supply System Based on Fuzzy Control

This article starts from energy saving and improving energy efficiency, analyzes the characteristics of the pump and collects the pipe network pressure periodically by the pressure sensor, and then we can get the differential pressure signal and send it into fuzzy controller after comparing the pipe network pressure with the set pressure. After a series of fuzzy arithmetic and solution of fuzzy arithmetic, the fuzzy controller sends a precise control into the PID regulator to control output frequency of the frequency converter, so as to achieve the purpose of pump speed controlling and energy-saving.

The Design of Flying-Sawing Machine Control System Based on Fuzzy Control

The traditional PID regulator can get a satisfactory control effect in many situations. But because of the welded pipe servo cutting system characteristics with not fixed the parameter, variable, strong nonlinear and coupling complex, it is difficult to obtain ideal response in different time, and it is also hard to adapt changes in the environment and the uncertainty of the system. In allusion to the defect of the traditional PID regulator in the welded pipe cutting machine, it is put forward the parameter self-setting fuzzy PID adjustment method and a kind of fuzzy reasoning control rule in this paper. According to the rule, a welded pipe cutting machine control system mathematical model is established and numerical simulation of tailing after the given order jump curve in adaptive fuzzy PID regulator is finished. The simulation results show that: the system response speed is faster than before, the system adjusting precision and stability become well. All of this is hard to realize from traditional PID.

Design and Experiment of Shock Absorber Electro-Hydraulic Servo-Testing System

Error compensating PID regulation algorithm was applied to design the shock absorber electro-hydraulic servo-testing system, which conforms to national standard QC/T 545-1999,. According to adopt the MTS407 controller, implement indicator diagram testing, speed diagram testing, friction diagram testing, temperature wearing diagram testing, wearing life testing, single and double actuator testing and whole frequency testing are implemented. After the experiment conducted by using shock absorber CA1049, the result shows that the testing system can collect mass data, and is high precision.

Transient processes in an asynchronous induction electronic excited generator with a short cut rotor

Electronic transients in an induction electronic excited generator during self-excitation and load variation have been investigated. It is shown that a generating unit with a voltage PID regulator provides stable self-excitation and voltage stability in a wide range of rotor speeds.

PID Regulator Implementation for Electric Kart DC Motor Current Stabilization

A kart equipped with two DC motors has to be controlled. Each rear wheel has its own motor which is powered from individual battery pack. Buck converters are used to power the motors, additional boost converters are to be used for regenerative braking. Use of PID regulator with current feedback for individual motors is proposed to avoid dangerous current levels and torque spikes. Step-response simulations are done to verify PID performance. MSP430 series microcontroller is used to implement PID regulator in the system. Experimental step-response performance is verified on a test bench. Future research is proposed. Ill. 6, bibl. 5, tabl. 1 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.119.3.1353

Research on Modeling and Simulation of Active Disturbance Rejection Controller for Gas Turbine

In this paper, a novel control approach is presented for a gas turbine. The approach is based on the active disturbance rejection concept, which can design an Active Disturbance Rejection Controller (ADRC) without an explicit mathematical model of the plant. The controller regards the friction and the coupling effects of several main subassemblies as the internal disturbance. And it can estimate and compensate the disturbances using the Extended State Observer (ESO) in the each sampling period. Hence ADRC is robust against the variations of plant. Using the parameters of turbine engine Titan 130 the simulation was developed. Through the results of simulation, it is verified that the proposed approach is superior to the classical PID regulator in maintaining the stability.

The Liquid Level Control Based on New Two-Degree-of-Freedom IMC-PID

For the cascade control system of double water tanks liquid level ,the water tanks model is established .The new two-degree-of-freedom IMC-PID regulator is designed by new internal model control(IMC) theory and it is the main controller of the cascade control system . The system performance is directly related to the two adjustable parameters of regulator. By adjusting the two parameters, very good dynamic response performance of both the setting value tracking and anti-interference characteristics can be achieved simultaneously. Simulation results have shown the validity of the proposed control scheme compared with the conventional PID regulator and the old two-degree-of-freedom IMC-PID regulator.

The Design of a 150V/50Hz High-Quality Single-Phase Inverter Based on TMS320LF2407A

According to the requirement of a missile’s power supply, a 150V/50Hz high-quality single-phase inverter has been developed, and the CPU is TMS320LF2407A, and the main circuit is full-bridge inverter intelligent power module (IPM), and SPWM control method has been used too. The stability and the accuracy of the output voltage of this power supply have been improved because of the use of the digital PID regulator. The results of experiments show that the power supply has the advantages of the simple-circuit, the high-quality output-waveform, the high-stability output-voltage and so on.

Study Of Designing Regulator Systems By Using The Different Observer Approach

State space regulators are not as well known by many of the engineers either they are a little bit more complicated to understand either a modeling of a system is needed to design a robust and stable feedback loop however, there is a variety of plants, where a use of state space regulators can be used. Especially if regu- lators of multiple in & multiple out systems need to be designed is not so complicated regulator structure causes very often very robust stable system, which never could be reached by PID regulators. The paper helps in view of control feedback and simplifies the decision weather to choose a conventional structure or state space regu- lators.

Modeling and Control of Ball and Beam System using Model Based and Non-Model Based Control Approaches

Abstract The ball and beam system is a laboratory equipment with high nonlinearity in its dynamics. The aims of this research are to model the ball and beam system considering nonlinear factors and coupling effect and to design controllers to control the ball position. The LQR is designed considering two Degrees-of-Freedom and coupling dynamics. The parameters of the LQR are tuned using Genetic Algorithm (GA). Jacobian linearization method is used to linearize the system around operating-point. Due to the noise of the sensor in the experimental setup, a state observer is designed to observe the velocity of the ball. In order to compare the performance of the LQR and study the effect of simplifying assumptions, two control strategies are designed and implemented: Proportional Derivative Integral (PID) as non-model based control strategy, hybrid PID and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) as combination of model based and non-model based control strategies. The experimental results of this research prove the model based control strategies outperforms the non-model based or hybrid controllers in a nonlinear and noisy ball and beam system. In addition, it is shown that the coupling dynamics cannot be eliminated as a simplifying assumption in designing the controller.

A multilevel coordinated control strategy for energy conservation in wastewater treatment plants

Wastewater treatment is an energy-intensive process pursuing two objectives: pollution abatement and energy conservation. To achieve these goals automatic control must be applied. This paper describes the performance improvement obtained by the coordinated automation of some basic process operations. Starting with the basic dissolved oxygen control, coordinated control actions are then introduced and their performance assessed. After discussing the design alternatives, the performance of the best combination is selected on the basis of energy conservation, provided that the effluent quality meets the environmental standards. It is shown that a combination of properly tuned PID and fuzzy regulators considerably improves the energy efficiency of the process.

IFTtune: a PID automatic tuning software tool

The regulatory layer of every process industry is made up of many decentralized loops using, almost exclusively, PID controllers. The task of keeping each of these devices correctly tuned is key to the efficient and safe operation of the factory but very demanding on the time of technical and maintenance personnel should it be carried out manually. The tool here described is designed to perform the automatic tuning of PID regulators facilitating its application in an industrial setting. The regulator parameters are updated starting from their current values so that a performance index is locally optimized using the Iterative Feedback Tuning algorithm. The tool is easily configurable and uses the widely adopted OPC industrial communication standard.

Modeling and Analysis of Electro Hydraulic Brake System Based on AMESim/Matlab

Electro Hydraulic Brake (EHB) system plays an important role for improving vehicle active safety. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of EHB system is discussed. From its working principle, a dynamic model of quarter EHB system is established based on AMESim and Matlab. To analyze performance of the proposed EHB system, the strategy of Single-Neuron PID regulation is presented and a typical numerical case is given. The results show that this strategy can obtain good performance and proper parameters can improve the dynamic characteristics of EHB system effectively.

Power system damping using GA based fuzzy controlled TCSC device

In introduction, this paper investigates the application of TCSC hybrid controller for improving damping inter-area modes of oscillations. The proposed controller comprised fuzzy logic proportional and derivative controller with the conventional proportional and integral controller (FUZZY PD + PI) turn by genetic algorithm techniques. Approaching the proposed control scheme implements the characteristics of the GA’s global optimization to optimize the FPID control parameters, KP, KI and K to obtain the best control effect by minimizing the integral time square error online. The performance of the proposed hybrid control in increasing the damping of local and inter-area modes of oscillation is demonstrated in a two area four machine 11-bus systems and a practical reduce system of south Malaysian power network called TNB 25-bus system. Results shows that this type of hybrid control is proved to be more robust and effective in damping electromechanical oscillations of the power systems in comparison with the conventional PID regulators used for TCSC control. The GA optimization technique is also found to be effective and efficient in tuning the FPID parameters. Key words: TCSC, power system oscillations, fuzzy logic control, GA and PID.

Implementation of Full-Featured PID Regulator in Microcontrollers

The goal of article is to provide a basic mathematical description of incremental controller and suggest structure of single blocks sothat be able to implement into single chip microcontroller. Individual blocks are analyzed as far as elementary operation's level. Fromhardware description resulting, that selected structure is suitable for implement into similar MCU especially if they are able to conFig.I/O pins as with ours MCU. The article attends to the implementation of a full PID controller in the selected microprocessor. In orderthat PID controller met all demands of the modern control systems, it must include more than just the basic PID algorithm. Especiallynecessary is to implement treatment changes of the desired value by checking of its gradient. It should also be addressed treatment changes of action variable. There can be two ways how to do that: (a) limitations of the action control variable onto the allowable interval and treatment of the permissible gradient of the action variable, (b) establish direct forward coupling for the implementation of cascade control. For many applications it is necessary to allow the controller has to be able to switch from automatic to manual mode and vice versa bumpless. Splitting of the regulator into main blocks further can enable minimized time demands of the algorithm and to limit negative effects when input changes occur. A suitable controller design methodology as a reentrant routine and defining memory areas, then save processors program memory. The proposal is based on the PID model created in the MATLAB simulation environment. Ill. 10, bibl. 11 (in English; abstracts in English and Lithuanian).http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eee.113.7.617

PI and PID Regulation Approaches for Performance-Constrained Adaptive Multiprocessor System-on-Chip

Adaptive multiprocessor systems are appearing as a promising solution for dealing with complex and unpredictable scenarios. Given the large variety of possible use cases that these platforms must support and the resulting workload variability, offline approaches are no longer sufficient because they do not allow coping with time changing workloads. This letter presents a novel approach based on the utilization of PI and PID controllers, widely used in control automation, for optimizing resources utilization in Multiprocessor System-on-Chip (MPSoC). Several architecture characteristics such as response time during frequency changing, noise and perturbations are modeled and validated in a high-level model and results are compared to information obtained on a homogeneous MPSoC platform prototype. Power and energy consumption figures are discussed and two controllers are proposed: 1) PI-; and 2) PID-based controllers. Results show the system capability of adapting under disturbing conditions while ensuring application performance constraints and reducing energy consumption.