Pictograms Research Articles

A Study on the Phonetic Symbols of Action Characters in Shuowen · Renbu

The study of Chinese philology has always been of interest to Sinologists worldwide. As a pictographic script, Chinese characters are divided into independent meaningful single-font character and composite characters made up of multiple elements. Some composite characters are formed by combining a meaningful symbol with a phonetic symbol, which are known as "semantic-phonetic characters (pictophonetic characters)". We have discovered that some semantic-phonetic characters also convey meaning, and the meanings they express belong to certain categories, reflecting the psychology of the people who created the characters and the cultural features of the Han ethnic group. In this article, we will conduct a thorough exploration of the behavior-related characters in Shuowen·Renbu, a monumental ancient Chinese work.

Style and Rebus in an Emergent Script from Bolivia: The Koati Variant of Andean Pictographic Writing

Abstract Andean pictographic writing, once considered the creation of foreign missionaries, is now recognized as a series of locally developed scripts that emerged after contact with alphabetic writing. However, the role of stylistic variation within the Andean pictographic scripts is little understood, nor has the rebus-based glottography of the system’s phonetic signs been fully studied. This article examines the Koati variant of Andean pictographic script from Bolivia’s Island of the Moon, based in part on a newly found pictographic manuscript preserved on animal hides in Harvard University’s Peabody Museum. It analyzes how script styles in the Titicaca area correspond to regional groups and explores the nature of rebus signs in the Koati variant, identifying the principles underlying successful homonymic equivalences. Many of the characters in Andean pictographic writing appear to draw from a repository of Indigenous visual signs that predate the Spanish invasion; research into the emergent pictorial scripts of Peru and Bolivia may provide insights into the meaning of visual signs in other forms of Andean inscription, such as ceramics and khipus.

Perceptibility of Tactile Characters and Tactile Pictogram for Visually Impaired Persons

Perceptibility of Tactile Characters and Tactile Pictogram for Visually Impaired Persons

Written, scratch and spelling languages

Language is a sound system. Linguistics sees language as spoken language, spoken language, not written language. However, linguistics does not close itself to written language, because anything related to language is also an object of linguistics. Oral language linguistics is primary, while written language is secondary. In that language, there is no known written language variety, only spoken language variety. Written language can be considered as a "record" of spoken language, as a human effort to "store" the language or to be conveyed to other people who are in a different space and time. However, it turns out that the recorded written language is not perfect. Many elements of spoken language, such as stress, intonation, and tone, cannot be perfectly recorded in written language, whereas in certain languages ​​these three elements are very important. There are several types of script, namely pictographic script, ideographic script, syllabic script, and phonemic script. None of these types of characters can "record" spoken language perfectly. Many elements of spoken language cannot be described by the script accurately and accurately.

요양병원 안전 픽토그램에 대한 인지 분석 연구

요양병원에서는 병원 안전사고 예방 차원에서 매년 낙상 예방 교육 컨퍼런스, 질 향상 및 환자 안전교육, 정기안전교육 등의 교육을 진행하고 노력하고 있다. 그러나 요양병원 안전 예방 계획 및 운영에서 주요 대상자인 환자를 고려하지 않고 병원의 종사자가 일 방적인 지식으로 사고 예방이 이루어지고 있고, 안전 에 대해 좀 더 세심한 부분까지도 관심을 가지고 운 영되어야 하지만 현장에 맞추어서 분석하는 노력으로 사고율을 줄이고 개선하려는 의지가 부족하다는 그것 이 사실이다. 병원 안전의 전문적인 지식과 경험을 바탕으로 대비하고 예방적 측면에서 먼저 고려될 필 요가 있으며 환자 이동 공간의 위험 인지 상호작용을 고려하여 안전 계획이 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 서울시 요양병원 중에 의료기관평가 인증원에서 실시한 의료기관평가 1~2등급을 인증 받 은 병원이 참여의사를 표명한 요양병원 6개를 선정하 여 환자, 보호자, 간병인, 병원종사자를 대상으로 병 원안전 픽토그램의 인지 정도를 알아보기 위해 설문 조사 방법을 사용하고 병원마다 100장씩 총 566장의 설문지를 작성 받아 각각의 문항을 분석, 전체 SPSS 26.0을 사용하여 통계 분석을 한다. 요양병원에서의 안전을 위한 픽토그램으로 주목성과 인지를 분석하였 고 이를 통해 환자에게 안전 픽토그램이 얼마나 도움 이 되고 안전에 대한 경각심을 주는 역할을 어느 정 도 하는지 분석하였다. 분석 결과 모두가 필요하다고 느끼고 있으면서도 적극적으로 활용하지 못하고 있으며 대부분이 무관심 하게 관리되고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 분석되어진 병원 안전 픽토그램이 요양병원 환자 의 이동 동선을 고려한 안전 예방적 측면에서의 역할 과 병원종사자와 환자 간의 인지되는 정도의 차이를 줄여주는 노력과 연구가 계획적으로 이루어져서 개선 될 수 있는 방향의 근거로 활용되기를 기대한다.

Signs of the Americas: A Poetics of Pictography, Hieroglyphs, and Khipu

Signs of the Americas: A Poetics of Pictography, Hieroglyphs, and Khipu

Pictograph as Epitaph: Reading Algonquian Pictography in the Removal Period

Pictograph as Epitaph: Reading Algonquian Pictography in the Removal Period

DATE PALM AND DATE PALM INFLORESCENCES IN THE LATE URUK PERIOD (C. 3300 B.C.): BOTANY AND ARCHAIC SCRIPT

The earliest evidence suggesting the human utilisation of wild date palm fruits in the Near East is dated to the sixth and fifth millennia B.C. Despite the lack of archaeological data, it is commonly believed that at the end of the Late Uruk period (c. 3300–3100 B.C.) the Sumerians established the first date palm plantations. Nevertheless, this belief has never been well-proven by any scientific data, which makes this issue open to debate. This article points to the images of the date palm known from the pictographic script from Uruk as an important source of botanical data—a concept which has never been discussed in the literature—and elaborates on the phenotypic traits of the Phoenix dactylifera L. discernible there. It aims to establish the level and condition of horticultural knowledge of the cultivators of the date palm tree in the late fourth millennium B.C.Many of the botanical traits found on the date palm pictographs are noteworthy, especially where the morphology of the crown, trunk, and root zone are concerned. Most importantly, the identification of pictographs representing date palm inflorescences prompts us to the conclusion that the Sumerians discovered the dioecious nature of the Phoenix dactylifera L., selecting the staminate inflorescences to pollinate female trees by at least c. 3300 B.C. The discovery of this method of artificial fertilization was a turning point in Mesopotamian agriculture since it enabled farmers to obtain a better crop while economizing on space and labour, constituting the beginning of the date palm plantations that are still such a feature of present-day Iraq.

시설관련 픽토그램의 친숙도에 관한 연구

시설관련 픽토그램의 친숙도에 관한 연구

Development of Pictograms for an Interactive Web Application to Help Hispanic Caregivers Learn About the Functional Stages of Dementia.

Caregivers of persons with dementia need anticipatory guidance about the stages of dementia in order to prepare for the caregiving situations they will face. The study objective was to develop a set of pictograms representing the functional stages of dementia for eventual inclusion in a tailored, educational web application. We used a hybrid iterative participatory design process. A graphic designer prepared prototypes in a flat, minimalistic style. These were then culled and refined based on feedback from 16 Hispanic caregivers in six design sessions in English and Spanish. The resulting 19 pictograms representing the functional stages and substages of dementia were acceptable to and easily comprehended by participants. Short, plain-language captions support comprehension and aid discrimination between similar scenarios. Our participants preferred candid depictions of all aspects of dementia, including bodily functions, but acceptability may vary by population so further testing is warranted prior to deployment with a new population.

A Deep Learning-based Pictogram Classification and Meaning Transfer Method for Improving Korean Understanding of Japanese Disaster Evacuation Pictogram

A Deep Learning-based Pictogram Classification and Meaning Transfer Method for Improving Korean Understanding of Japanese Disaster Evacuation Pictogram

Pictogram Design for the Assessment of Pediatric Pain

Pictogram Design for the Assessment of Pediatric Pain

Art Class for Preventing From Cyberbullying By Using Pictogram

Art Class for Preventing From Cyberbullying By Using Pictogram

The Phaistos Disk: A New Way of Viewing the Language Behind the Script

SummaryThis paper outlines a new linguistics‐based method of investigating the languages behind the undeciphered members of the Bronze Age Aegean family of syllabic scripts. Using this new method to compare the pictographic script on the Phaistos Disk against Linear A, the main script of the Minoans, reveals a statistically significant similarity in the behaviour of the homomorphs in the two scripts, strongly suggesting that both scripts encode the same language.

Legibility and Intelligibility of Pictogram Figure Thicknesses

スマートフォンのディスプレイ上において，「視認性」と「理解度」の高いピクトグラムを用いた解説支援Webサイトを制作する．そのために第一の目的として，スマートフォン上でのピクトグラムの使用サイズにおいて，「視認性」と「理解度」が高くなる「図の細かさ，精細さ」を明らかにする．第二の目的として，その結果を反映したピクトグラムを用いたスマートフォン用解説支援Webサイトを制作し，その有効性を明らかにするために，博物館において評価実験を行う．その結果，「視認性」と「理解度」が高くなる「図の細かさ，精細さ」は，「図」が細い方に偏る傾向があることが明らかになった．

The effects of the Playing with pictograms package

The effects of the Playing with pictograms package

Assessment of agricultural power take-off (pto) drive shafts guards in field conditions

The power take-off (PTO) shafts, is one of the main ways to transfer power from the tractor to drive implements. To avoid accidents the PTO shaft must be covered with a protective shield device which consists of: a) cones at each end of the driveshaft; b) a protective cover along the telescopic tube; c) restraining devices (chain or other type) and d) pictograms or safety signs. The aim of this study was to verify the conditions of use of the guards for drive shafts in farms of Sao Paulo. From 112 tractor-implement set analyzed, 77 showed some device featured as “protection” of the drive shaft. In this research, the cones, the tubes, the restraining devices and safety signs were observed to identify the condition (integrity, damage, absence) of each part. From components analyzed, the cones and the tubes showed to be the most damage (63.6 and 71.4%, respectively). The most common damage of cones was cracks, cuts and dents. Also lashing with wire or rope and improvisations with plastic containers were found. Some tubes were incomplete, cut and found rotating free release on the drive shaft. In the case of restraint devices (little chain) and of pictograms, the absence (50.6 and 53.2%, respectively) is the most critical situation. Also improvisations of the restraining device made with wires and ropes were noticed. The low percentage of the condition “intact” points out to the poor quality of the protective material, confirmed by claims of users who say that some guards last less than six months and that it does not encourage them to replace them when damaged.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR RENANG GAYA DADA MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PICTOGRAPH

The purpose of this study was to determine how to efforts to improve learning outcomes chest stroke through the medium of learning pictograph in the deaf children class I B in the state SDLB Semarang academic year 2015. This research uses research methods class action research (PTK). In the implementation consists of two cycles. This research subject is deaf student grade I state SDLB Semarang of 10 people composed of 4 boys and 6 students daughters. Instruments used in this study was test performance of students, student observation sheet, and a written exam. Based on the results of the survey showed the percentage of mastery learning cycle I, psychomotor 10%, affective 40%, cognitive 40%, and mastery learning students in the classical 30% of the total number of students. In the second cycle psychomotor 80%, affective 90%, cognitive 100%, and mastery learning students in the classical 90% of the total number of students. In this research, the results of the study showed improve learning outcomes in the classical 60%, the cycle I 30 % to 90 % of the period II. Based on the results of research on top, it was concluded that the medium of learning pictograph could improved learning outcomes in the deaf children grade I State SDLB Semarang.

Emergent Application on Smart Phone for Deaf, Language Dysfunction and Foreigners: - Communication method to perform swift rescue report by refined icons with GPS technology.

This paper discusses the efficiency of the Emergent Application on Smart Phones (EASP). In an initial survey, hearing impaired people are asked to explain their difficulties in an emergency situation. With this survey as background, an application with five steps is implemented on Smart Phone touch panels using outcome icons and pictograms to communicate to a call centre in the fire brigade. The evaluation results with EASP application by deaf people found that it was about five times quicker to report an emergency using this tool, than it by using text message input.

Supposed dragon pictograph refuted by x-ray technology

Supposed dragon pictograph refuted by x-ray technology