Phytoremediation Of Nickel Research Articles

Phytoremediation of nickel and zinc using Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata from the soils contaminated by municipal solid wastes and paper mill wastes

The primary source of soil pollution is a complex mixture of numerous inorganic and organic compounds (including chlorinated compounds, nutrients, and heavy metals, etc.). The presence of all of these compounds makes remediation and cleanup difficult. In this study, the phytoremediation ability of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata was tested to remove nickel (Ni) and Zinc (Zn) from paper mill and municipal landfill contaminated soils, to understand the uptake potential and to estimate the accumulation pattern of Ni and Zn in the vegetative parts of the plant. The experiments were carried out in pots (3 kg capacity) and the different combinations of soil were made by mixing the contaminated soil with a reference soil (forest soil) as T0, T25, T50, T75 and T100. The plant biomass, chlorophyll content, proline, nitrate reductase activity and metal removal efficiency (%)were determined after 120 DAS (i.e., the days after sowing). The results of the study showed that with increasing metal stress, there is a reduction in the above-ground biomass content in both the plant species with a slightly less impact on the root biomass. Over a period of 4 months, J. curcas and P. pinnata removed 82–86% and 93-90% Ni, respectively. The removal of Zn was significantly less as compared to Ni as most of the Zn remained in the belowground part (roots) and in the soil. Besides, the phytostabilization capacities of the plants were calculated on the basis of their tolerance index (TI), bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and translocation factor (TF). The low BAF and TF values with increasing heavy metals (HMs) content indicates its higher phytostabilization capacity in the root and rhizospheric region as compared to phytoaccumulation.

Retraction: Phytoremediation of nickel by quinoa: Morphological and physiological response.

Retraction: Phytoremediation of nickel by quinoa: Morphological and physiological response.

Phytoremediation of nickel and chromium-containing industrial wastewaters by water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes)

This study was conducted to assess the phytoremediation potential of Pistia stratiotes for post-treatment of Ni(II) and Cr(III)-containing industrial wastewater effluents in mono (synthetic wastewater) and bimetallic systems (real wastewater). Differences were seen in metal uptake, growth performance, and metal accumulation of the plants. In the monometallic system, the highest removal efficiency was calculated as 77.50% for Cr(III) and 70.79% for Ni(II) at 5 mg L−1 concentration. At 1.25 mg L−1 concentration, the bioconcentration factor of P. stratiotes was calculated as 734.2 for Ni(II) and 799.0 for Cr(III). To assess the effects of metal stress on plants, photosynthetic pigments and percent growth rates were also investigated. The percent growth rate increased from 38.22 to 81.74% for Ni and decreased from 87.53 to 43.18% for Cr(III) when the metal concentrations increased from 1.25 to 5 mg L−1. Toxicity symptoms were less severe in plants exposed to low Ni concentrations. The greatest reduction in chlorophyll was observed at 5 mg L−1 Ni concentration. P. stratiotes showed better performance in the monometallic system. It was concluded based on present findings that P. stratiotes could potentially be used for the post-treatment of wastewaters containing Ni and Cr. Novelty Statement Previous phytoremediation studies were mostly conducted only in either mono- or multi-metallic systems. In this study, mono- and bimetallic systems were assessed together and the feasibility of research findings on a large scale was investigated in detail. Present findings may also aid in the development of phyto-remedial strategies and the identification of Ni and Cr toxicity in macrophytes. Pistia stratiotes are already known for its incredible potential in removing metals and other contaminants from wastewater effluents. However, most studies only present data regarding the plant performance in laboratory studies (synthetic wastewater), while this study provides some important additional information on natural effluent conditions, which transform the presented data more interesting from a practical point of view.

Phytoremediation of nickel by quinoa: Morphological and physiological response.

The amount of soil contaminated with heavy metal increases due to urbanization, industrialization, and anthropogenic activities. Quinoa is considered a useful candidate in the remediation of such soil. In this pot experiment, the phytoextraction capacity of quinoa lines (A1, A2, A7, and A9) against different nickel (Ni) concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mg kg-1) were investigated. Required Ni concentrations were developed in polythene bags filled with sandy loam soil using nickel nitrate salt prior to two months of sowing and kept sealed up to sowing. Results showed that translocation of Ni increased from roots to shoots with an increase in soil Ni concentration in all lines. A2 line accumulated high Ni in leaf compared to the root as depicted by translocation factor 3.09 and 3.21 when grown at soil having 50 and 100 Ni mg kg-1, respectively. While, in the case of root, A7 accumulated high Ni followed by A9, A1, and A2, respectively. There was a 5–7% increased seed yield by 50 mg kg-1 Ni in all except A1 compared to control. However, growth and yield declined with a further increase in Ni level. The maximum reduction in yield was noticed in A9, which was strongly linked with poor physiological performance, e.g., chlorophyll a, b, and phenolic contents. Ni concentrations in the seed of all lines were within the permissible value set (67 ppm) by FAO/WHO. The result of the present study suggests that quinoa is a better accumulator of Ni. This species can provide the scope of decontamination of heavy metal polluted soil. The screened line can be used for future quinoa breeding programs for bioremediation and phytoextraction purpose.

Phytoremediation of Nickel via Water Hyacinth for Biocarbon‐Derived Supercapacitor Applications

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes, WH) is cultivated in a hydroponic system containing various concentrations of Ni2+ to demonstrate phytoremediation techniques as a facile, low‐cost, and sustainable method for synthesizing high‐performance biocarbon electrode materials. A high specific capacitance of 541 F g−1 in 2 m potassium hydroxide (KOH) is achieved for WH‐5 biocarbon with an energy density of 30.5 Wh kg−1. Materials are assembled into a coin cell supercapacitor capable of lasting 10 000 cycles with 100% capacitance retention. Surface area characterizations support these results with an SBET of 3429 m2 g−1, a VBET of 2.13 cm3 g−1, and an Sp avg of 2.5 nm, indicating enhanced pore formation and functional group cleaving. Raman spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform IR (ATR‐FTIR), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) give further insight into physical characteristics of the biocarbon that lead to improved electrochemical performance. This work describes an optimal concentration of preabsorbed Ni2+ catalyst (5 ppm in H2O) capable of achieving 98% of theoretical capacitance and value‐added environmental cleanup associated with synergistic remedial techniques.

Biosorption efficiency of nickel by various endophytic bacterial strains for removal of nickel from electroplating industry effluents: an operational study.

Realising the hazardous effect of nickel on human health, microbes and plants are effectively used for bioremediation. The endophytic microorganisms have an important role in the phytoremediation of nickel using Vigna radiata. Therefore, in order to harness the potential of microbial strains, the present study was designed to examine the metal biosorption ability of endophytic bacterial strains isolated from plants growing in nickel-contaminated soil. A total of six endophytic nickel resistance bacteria were isolated from the plant Vigna radiata. The metal tolerant bacterial strains were identified following 16 S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Nickel biosorption estimation and plant growth-promoting (PGP) activities of isolated strains were performed and found high nickel biosorption efficiency of 91.3 ± 0.72% at 600 mg L-1 using Bacillus safensis an isolated endophytic strain from Vigna radiata. Furthermore, high indole acetic acid (IAA) and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production were obtained in all the strains as compared to without nickel-containing medium used as control. Moreover, the production of high EPS suggests improved biosorption ability of isolated endophytic strains. In addition, a kinetic study was also performed to evaluate different adsorptions isotherms and support the nickel biosorption ability of endophytic strains. The treatment of nickel electroplating industrial effluent was also demonstrated by isolated endophytic strains. Among six (6) strains, B. cereus showed maximum 57.2 ± 0.62% biosorption efficiency of nickel which resulted in the removal of 1003.50 ± 0.90 mg L-1 of nickel from the electroplating industry effluents containing initial 1791 ± 0.90 mg L-1 of nickel. All other strains were also capable of significant nickel biosorption from electroplating industry effluents as well. Thus, isolated endophytic nickel tolerant strains can be further used at large-scale biosorption of nickel from electroplating industry effluent.

Nickel tolerance and biosorption potential of rhizobia associated with horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.

The rhizobia isolated from root nodules of horse gram were screened for nickel (Ni) tolerance in vitro. The strain HGR-4 could tolerate 1000 µg g−1 of Ni. It was also observed that horse gram plants associated with HGR-4 have shown Ni stress tolerance in Ni amended soils up to a concentration of 100 µg g−1. In another experiment, the plants associated with HGR-4 have shown higher nodulation, nitrogen level, and leghaemoglobin content at 80 µg g−1 of Ni than control plants without HGR-4 inoculation. Analysis of biosorption potential of Ni in horse gram plants inoculated by the strain HGR-4 was done using atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed maximum biosorption in bacterial root nodules. Besides, there was a reduction in the content of the heavy metal in the soil samples which demonstrates a fair amount of heavy metal extraction and accumulation of Ni by rhizobia associated root nodules of the horse gram. This study demonstrates that the strain HGR-4 (GQ483457 Rhizobium sp. ATCC BAA-2335) could be a potential source for phytoextraction of Ni contaminated soils upon its association with horse gram. The study could be of use in phytoremediation of metal (Ni) contaminated soils in the future. Novelty statement: The phytoremediation of nickel (Ni) using of rhizobia associated with horse gram remains unevaluated till now. Horse gram associated with rhizobia could produce nodules and fix nitrogen even in Ni amended soils. The biosorption potential of the rhizobial strains was analyzed from both root nodules and soil. These findings imply that horse gram plants associated with these rhizobial strains could be used to remediate Ni metal in contaminated soils.

Phytoremediation of Nickel and Lead Contaminated Soils by Hedera colchica

ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution to extract or remove metal pollutants from contaminated soil. In this study, the ability of Hedera colchica plant for the removal of Pb and Ni metals with different concentrations from soil and also metal efficacy on morphological parameters of the plant were investigated. The morphological results showed that as the concentration of heavy metals increases in soil up to 600 mg.kg−1 soil, the dry weights of shoot and root reduce about 46 and 60% with Pb and 18 and 51% with Ni, and also total length up to 31% with Pb and 3% with Ni, respectively. The maximum concentration of Pb and Ni in shoots (92.2 and 77.2 mg.kg−1 Dwt, respectively) and roots (252 and 218 mg.kg−1, respectively) were recorded in the cultivated plant in soil amended with metal high concentrations. The highest bio-concentration (BCF) and translocation factor (TF) were recorded for Pb in the roots. In addition, this study showed that H. colchica plant was more favorable for Pb uptake compared to Ni, but we do not suggest using it for the remediation of the contaminated soils with Pb and Ni metals.

Phytoremediation of Nickel, Lead and Manganese in Simulated Waste Water Using Algae, Water Hyacint and Water Lettuce

The increase in industrial and artisanal mining and mineral processing activities has led to a surge in the quantity of hazardous materials, typically heavy metals that are released into the environment. These hazard materials, when discharge in water bodies, poses serious risk to humans, animals and environment. Phytoremediation is one of the cost effective methods use in the removal of these pollutants from environment. Several plants have been investigated for their phytoremediating potentials. In this paper, the phytoremediation potential of algae, water hyacinth and water lettuce for the removal of Ni, Pb, and Mn was demonstrated. Plants of equal size were grown in aqueous medium and supplemented with different concentration (1.0 mg/dm³, 3.0 mg/dm³ and 5.0 mg/dm³) of multi component metal solution for 15 consecutive days. All the plants revealed a very good accumulation potential, with the accumulation of metals shown to increase with an increase in the initial concentration of the metal solution. At all levels, the plants accumulated the metals more in the root than in shoot except for Mn in water hyacinth. The result showed that water hyacinth was able to accumulate Pb better, while water lettuce showed more preference for Ni and Mn. All the three plants can be used in remediating waste water. Hence, water hyacinth, water lettuce and algae are a promising biomass for phytoremediation.

Decontamination of Nickel Toxicity of Soil by Chelate Assisted Remediation using Brachiaria Mutica (FORSSK.) STAPF

Phytoremediation is an environment friendly and cost effective method for remediation of heavy metals from contaminated soils by using plants. Chelate assisted metal uptake by plant has only been discovered in the sector of phytoremediation. It is a potential technology for accumulation of heavy metal by plants after application of chelating agents to soil which enhances the level of metal uptake in phytoremediation processes. Chelating agents are commonly used to form complexes with different metal contaminants within the natural environment. The novelty of this work is to reduce the pollution load by ecofriendly method. The research gap adresses in this study is the reduction of nickel pollution by using chelating agent. In this study two chelating agents namely EDTA (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) and DTPA (Diethylene triamine penta acetic acid) were used along with the nickel treated soil and also with soil without containing nickel to determine the efficiency of decontamination by a wild plant "Para grass" [Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf] towards phytoremediation of nickel. In this experiment it was observed that the plant which were subjected to grow in EDTA with nickel treated soil accumulated more nickel than the other two sets which were subjected to grow in nickel treated soil with DTPA and also without chelating agent.

Phytoremediation of nickel polluted ecosystem through selected ornamental plant species in the presence of bacterium Kocuria rhizophila

The present study was conducted to find out the role of Consolida ambigua and Calendula officinalis L. ornamental plants along with Kocuria rhizophila bacterium in phytoremediation of the nickel contaminated soil. One group of ornamental plants was grown in control environment (C), while the other groups were subjected to stress conditions i.e., Treatment with Bacteria (T1), Treatment with Bacteria + Chelator (T2) and Treatment with Chelator (T3). Nickel Chloride (100 mg/kg) and citric acid (5 mM) were applied when the plant species started its normal photosynthetic activity. Preliminary results showed that plant biomass i.e., plant height (cm), fresh and dry weights (g), proline content (µg/g) and photosynthetic pigments (mg/g) were significantly increased with co-application of bacteria and citric acid as compared to non-inoculated and inoculated plant species. The growth pattern observed in order of T2 > T1 > T3 > C. The statistical significant growth with T2 at p ≤ 0.05 suggested the role of Consolida ambigua and Calendula officinalis L. ornamental plants in association with Kocuria rhizophila bacterium were beneficial for phyto-extraction purposes. It was concluded that the aforementioned plants can safely be grown for phytoremediation purposes to reduce soil pollution in term of heavy metal accumulation.

Potential of plant beneficial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of metal-contaminated saline soils.

Phytoremediation has been considered as a promising technique to decontaminate polluted soils. However, climatic stress particularly salinity, is a potential threat to soil properties and plant growth, thus restricting the employment of this technology. The aim of this study was to access the impact of microbial inoculation on phytoremediation of nickel (Ni) contaminated saline soils using Helianthus annuus. Salt resistant plant beneficial bacterium (PBB) Pseudomonas libanensis TR1 and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Claroideoglomus claroideum BEG210 were used. Inoculation of P. libanensis alone or in combination with C. claroideum significantly enhanced plant growth, changed physiological status (e.g. electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll, proline and malondialdehyde contents) as well as Ni and sodium (Na+) accumulation potential (e.g. uptake and translocation factor of Ni and Na+) of H. annuus under Ni and salinity stress either alone or in combination. These results revealed that bioaugmentation of microbial strains may serve as a preferred strategy for improving phytoremediation of metal-polluted saline soils.

Potential use of Sorghum bicolor and Carthamus tinctorius in phytoremediation of nickel, lead and zinc

Metals are very common contaminants in the soil. High-yielding biomass crops offer good potential for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals. Biomass fuel crops grown on contaminated land have several advantages as site remediation combined with bioenergy production. In this context, two energy crops, Sorghum bicolor and Carthamus tinctorius, were grown hydroponically to assess their potential use in phytoremediation of nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) and biomass production. The experiment was carried out in a growth chamber using half-strength Hoagland’s solution spiked separately with five concentrations for Ni, Pb and Zn (between 5 and 100 mg L−1). Shoot and root biomass were determined and analyzed for their metals contents. Results showed that the tested plants were able to uptake Ni, Pb and Zn. Furthermore, roots accumulated more metals than shoots. Ni seems to be more toxic than Zn and Pb. In fact, both species were unable to grow at Ni concentration above 10 mg L−1. Metal toxicity ranked as follows: Ni > Zn > Pb. High toxicity symptoms and biomass reduction were observed at concentrations of Pb and Zn above 25 mg L−1 for both species. S. bicolor was more efficient than C. tinctorius in metal uptake due to the high biomass production and the relatively high shoot concentration of metal. S. bicolor could be successfully used in phytoremediation applications in marginal soils with moderately heavy metal contamination. However, results obtained through the hydroponic experiment need to be confirmed by field experiments.

Bioaccumulation and phyto-translocation of Nickel by Medicago sativa in a calcareous soil of Iran

Abstract Nickel is a heavy metal distributed ubiquitously in nature. It accumulates in soil as a result of human activities, including mining and industries development. It may be poisonous to plants, humans, animals and microorganisms. The present study was implemented as a factorial experiment with a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), of three replications in calcareous soils of Karaj and in greenhouse conditions for detection of the effect of nickel polluted soil, Ni125, Ni250, Ni500, Ni1000 (mgkg?1) in comparison with control (Ni0). The inoculant of resistant native bacteria to nickel in three levels, of: control (B0), Bacillus mycoides M1(B1), Micrococcus roseus M2 (B2) were examine on nickel phytoremediation in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Results demonstrated that by increasing the polluted nickel concentration in soil, its absorption by the alfalfa have increased significantly (P<0.05). The plant growth and biomass accumulation severely decreased by increasing nickel concentration in soil. Application of native inoculant (B1 and B2) resistant to nickel significant increased the nickel concentration in plant shoot compared to control, and also increased the concentration of iron, zinc, copper and manganese in plant shoots. The highest nickel uptake occurred with B2 inoculant and during the second cutting of the plant growth, which was 350 µgPot?1