Physiological Parameters In Real Time Research Articles

Resorbable barrier polymers for flexible bioelectronics

Resorbable, implantable bioelectronic devices are emerging as powerful tools to reliably monitor critical physiological parameters in real time over extended periods. While degradable magnesium-based electronics have pioneered this effort, relatively short functional lifetimes have slowed clinical translation. Barrier films that are both flexible and resorbable over predictable timelines would enable tunability in device lifetime and expand the viability of these devices. Herein, we present a library of stereocontrolled succinate-based copolyesters which leverage copolymer composition and processing method to afford tunability over thermomechanical, crystalline, and barrier properties. One copolymer composition within this library has extended the functional lifetime of transient bioelectronic prototypes over existing systems by several weeks–representing a considerable step towards translational devices.

The Coupling between Epilepsy and Cortical Spreading Depression of Leão

Objectives: The discovery of cortical spreading depression 80 years ago by Leão was intimately connected to epilepsy research. In our studies we found that monitoring of brain hemodynamics, metabolic ionic and electrical activities are very similar in the two pathophysiological events. Here we are presenting the coupling between epilepsy and cortical spreading depression while monitoring of mitochondrial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-NADH together with other physiological parameters in real time in vivo. Methods: Rats and Mongolian gerbils were used in three models of induction of epilepsy, namely injection of pentylenetetrazol-metrazol, exposure of the rats to hyperbaric oxygenation in a pressure chamber and using a strain of gerbils that are developing seizures spontaneously. We monitored brain oxygen levels, mitochondrial NADH, extracellular potassium levels, Direct Current-DC steady potential and electroencephalography-EEG in the very slightly anesthetized animals. Results: The results could be summarized as follows: 1. In almost all animal tested cortical spreading depression was developed and recorded after 1-3 minutes of seizures activity. 2. Mitochondrial NADH redox state was more oxidized during the two events. 3. The oxidation of NADH during the Cortical Spreading Depression- CSD was 3-4 times relative to the seizure’s interval. 4. The increase in extracellular potassium levels was also 3-4 times higher during the CSD event. Significance: Under the two recorded events a clear correlation between the process of oxygen (energy) demand or consumption and oxygen (energy) supply was found. The results suggest that the accumulation of extracellular potassium during the epileptic activity is probably the trigger for the development of CSD in the 3 model used.

Multipoint Wireless Information and Power Transfer to Maximize Sum-Throughput in WBAN With Energy Harvesting

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) are not only an extension and branch of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) but also a practical application area of Internet of Things (IoT). With the extensive development of IoT technology, WBAN can monitor human physiological parameters in real time. Reliable information transmission is an important factor limiting the development of WBAN owing to special path loss and shadowing effect. Therefore, maximizing throughput is a pivotal part of improving system performance. In this paper, a multipoint WBAN (MP-WBAN) with energy harvesting for normal and abnormal scenarios is studied. We propose two different protocols, including a time switching (TS) strategy and a hybrid TS and power splitting (PS) strategy, respectively. In the abnormal scenarios, the access point (AP) harvests independent command signals from sensor nodes in the uplink (UL) and broadcasts dedicated energy signals to all sensor nodes in the downlink (DL). At the same time, the AP simultaneously broadcasts wireless command and energy signals to all sensor nodes in the normal situation. After all sensors harvest energy from the radio frequency (RF) signals, physiological datas can be transfered to the AP in a specific time sequence. We optimize TS ratios to achieve the abnormal situation sum-throughput maximization by utilizing convex optimization techniques. For sum-throughput maximization in normal situation, a near-optimal solution can be acquired by iteratively updating TS ratios and PS ratios. Numerical simulation results show the system performances of sum-throughput can be significantly improved by the proposed algorithms.

Recent Advances in Flexible Inorganic Light Emitting Diodes: From Materials Design to Integrated Optoelectronic Platforms

AbstractThe emergence of high‐performance materials for flexible inorganic light emitting diodes (ILEDs) provides the foundations for a broad range of compelling, unconventional systems, from deformable displays and lighting sources to wearable and implantable bioelectronics with diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities. Interdisciplinary progress in materials synthetic methods, device designs, mechanical layouts, and assembly techniques over the past decade enables flexible ILEDs with remarkable operating characteristics even under extreme modes of mechanical deformation. This review summarizes recent advances in this field, with emphasis on the unique properties of the underlying materials and device physics in the first several sections. The subsequent content highlights examples of system‐level integration of flexible ILEDs into advanced optoelectronic platforms with characteristics that would be difficult or impossible to achieve with conventional approaches. Miniaturized, implantable biomedical tools for optical modulation of neural activity at target sites and conformable, skin‐mounted electronics for sensing and visualization of physiological parameters in real time provide examples of some of the most recent directions.

Swasth: an intelligent decision support diagnostic engine for congenital heart diseases

An intelligent decision support secure diagnostic engine covers the complex processes of early diagnosis, proper collection and management of health records by supervising and managing multiple physiological parameters in real time. This system performs data processing over the secure encrypted wireless platform and generates warning flags when rules are violated. Provision of remotely accesses of parameters through mobile platform allows doctors to observe patients’ condition continuously. The information repository and remote advisory are keen need of today’s’ world which are also incorporated into the system to facilitate and enhance public health surveillance. This framework is expected to satisfies the need of interoperability, user friendly environment, timely decision-making support for healthcare professionals.

An Internet-Based Telemonitoring System of Multiphysiological Parameters

The purpose of this research was to design and realize a real-time tele-monitoring system with multiphysiological parameters using the Internet. Both the Client/Server (C/S) mode and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) mode were used in the system's network communication. The C/S mode is used to upload, retrieve, and download physiological data. The P2P mode provides realtime tele-monitoring and video chatting between doctors and patients. Experiment results show that P2P technology could efficiently improve the transmission speed of the physiological parameters. This study demonstrates an effective method of remote monitoring of physiological parameters in real time.