Physico-chemical Quality Of Groundwater Research Articles

Impacts of Aluminium and Nitrogen Compounds (Nitrate and Ammonium) on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in the District of Abidjan

Impacts of Aluminium and Nitrogen Compounds (Nitrate and Ammonium) on the Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in the District of Abidjan

Evalution of Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater of Khemis Miliana Plain (North West Algeria)

Evalution of Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater of Khemis Miliana Plain (North West Algeria)

Hydrogeochemical characterization and groundwater quality assessment: a case study of the alluvial aquifer in the Middle Western Cheliff (Algeria)

ABSTRACT The Middle Western Cheliff plain hosts an important alluvial aquifer that is exploited for various uses including drinking water supply, irrigation and industry. This study aims to provide a hydrogeochemical characterisation of groundwater by using statistical methods and binary diagrams, as well as to evaluate the physico-chemical quality of groundwater by using the water quality index (WQI). Moreover, parametric indices such as SAR and %Na were used to evaluate the suitability of groundwater for irrigation. The hydrochemical approach based on results of 45 analyses of groundwater samples for the dry period 2019 enabled the determination of the most dominant chemical facies, which was chloride, sulphate, calcic and magnesium. The binary diagrams used indicated that the water-rock interaction and the evaporitic phenomenon are major geochemical processes that control the mineralisation of groundwater. The evaluation of groundwater quality for drinking water supply using WQI provided results with values ranging from 45.95 to 194.78, and above 60% of samples were classified into the category of excellent to good quality (WQI < 100), while the remaining 40% of water samples were classified in the category of poor quality for drinking (WQI > 100). However, the quality of groundwater is mostly acceptable for irrigation, mostly for plants with salinity-tolerant in drained soils.

Supervise the physicochemical quality of ground water using soft computing technique

ABSTRACT Water resources are essential for human beings and nowadays polluted water jeopardizes the human health. Toxic substances come from houses, industries and farm lands, dust mix with water causes water pollution. This pollution depreciates the quality of water and affects the human life. In this paper, our objective is to evaluate and supervise the physicochemical quality of the ground water, for the safety of human beings. The sample quality of 15 sites was used for measuring important parameters like pH, EC, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, Also, NH4+ and NO3−, Fe2+ and HCO3−12 were considered for performance analysis. A soft computing component fuzzy logic system is used to design an intelligent system. The fuzzy logic system-based model measures groundwater quality status along with its sustainability. The results obtained from the model help the authorities, policy makers to plan proper policies for geochemical operation (water treatment process) and a foundation for observing the physicochemical quality of water in the area.

Application of Correlation and Regression Models in Predicting the Physico-chemical Quality of Groundwater from Insitu Measured Parameters

Groundwater is the major source of municipal and private potable water supply for meeting the drinking, domestic, agricultural and industrial requirements on man around the world. The cost of analyzing water quality in the laboratory to ascertain its potability is usually high and sometimes not available. Groundwater samples were collected from fifty (50) spatially referenced bore well locations in Warri and its environs in the dry and wet seasons (November 2019 to January 2020) in the study area. The water samples were analyzed for twenty-six (26) physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters both in the field and laboratory in line with APHA standard procedures for testing water and waste water inorder to evaluate the status of potability of groundwater across Warri, Delta State Nigeria. The data analysis tool in Microsoft Excel was used to explore and study the interrelationship between some conservative parameters measured in the field (pH, EC, TDS, and DO) as independent variables and some cations, anions and heavy metals (Na, Mg, Ca, HCO3, SO4 Cl, Fe, Cd, Cr, Cu and Pb) analysed in the laboratory as dependent variables. The results obtained from the parameters analysed insitu in the field which are cheap to perform and easily affordable were used to check and evaluate and the inter-relationships with some cations, anions and heavy metals. Highly correlated water quality parameters were determined by correlation coefficient (R) values obtained from correlation matrix and related by Regression equations (models). The regression models can be adopted to predict the concentration of these cations, anions and heavy metals before the rigorous laboratory analysis, to serve as a quick check for concentration of most disease-causing pollutants and to save time, money and resources, especially the near absence of AAS for analysing heavy metals in a good number of laboratories. The regression models developed in the study can be used for monitoring the water quality parameters by knowing the concentration of independent parameters obtained in the field alone. There is a relationship between variables which show that one variable actually causes changes in another variable. It was observed that multiple regression models can predict most parameters at 5% level of significance. Significantly positive correlation at 1 and 5% was found between many parameters. This technique studied and calculated the correlation coefficients between various physico-chemical parameters of drinking water and provided an excellent device for the calculation of parameter values within realistic degree of accuracy. The results proved to be easiest, useful, and rapid means for monitoring of water quality with the help of systematic calculations of correlation coefficient. It is recommended to treat groundwater prior to domestic use.

Spatio-temporal characterization of the physico-chemical quality of groundwater: Case of the Lobo watershed (Centre-west of Cte dIvoire)

Drinking water supply to rural communities is increasingly relying on finding groundwater. However, groundwater resources, although believed to be safe and free of pollution, are subjects to local and diffusive pollution. This work aims at assessing the groundwater quality in the Lobo catchment area in Nibehibe and addressing the mineralization phenomena. To achieve such an objective, a statistical approach was applied to physical-chemical analyses data recorded from two sampling campaigns during the dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The adopted approach consisted first in performing comparative analysis, second in investigating the chemical specificities within the water classes using the piper diagram, and lastly in classifying the water based on their physical-chemical similarities using the Kohonen Self-Organized Map (SOM). The reported results disclose that the investigated groundwater is acidic and weakly mineralized during rainy and dry seasons. The diagram of Piper revealed the waters are mostly chlorinated, sulphated, and calco-magnesian type. The SOM method was used to highlight water pollution especially the acid hydrolysis of rock minerals. Key words: Characterization, spatio-temporal, physico-chemical quality, groundwater, Lobo watershed, Cote d’Ivoire.

Physicochemical quality of ground water in Ogbomoso north local Government area of Oyo State, Nigeria

A systematic study has been carried out with the aim to assess the ground water quality index of Hamama in Ogbomosho North Local Government area in Oyo State with a view to determine it suitability for domestic purpose. Water sample were collected from eight wells that were available within the study area in the rainy season of 2018 and were analysed for physicochemical parameters (colour, pH, conductivity, total dissolved solid, hardness, sulphate, iron, chloride, zinc and lead content). Each parameter was compared with the standard desirable limit as prescribed by different agencies. The analytical data of various physicochemical parameters fall below the limits prescribed by NSDWQ and WHO. This means the water obtained from these study area are suitable for domestic usage.

Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater in Keta South, Ghana

The paper investigated physico-chemical quality of groundwater, considering the relative proximity of hand dug wells to coastal environment, but most importantly close to insanitary facilities like refuse dumps, septic tanks and pit latrines; this was done in selected coastal communities in the Keta. Thirty vials of water samples from selected hand dug wells in two seasons were tested for pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity, Turbidity, Calcium, Magnesium, Nitrate, Sulphate, and Phosphate; WHO standards of drinking water were adopted to validate the results obtained and statistical analysis run. Statistical analysis of results showed a statistical significance in Turbidity, Nitrate, Phosphate, Calcium and Magnesium values at p<0.05, between the two seasons. There was a weak but significant correlation between Calcium and distance (r=0.398) and a strong correlation between Magnesium and distance (r=0.763). The study revealed that all the hand dug wells sampled recorded relatively high concentration of conductivity, turbidity, TDS, Calcium, Magnesium and Phosphates, irrespective of their proximity to the insanitary facilities and coastal environment, apart from nitrates when compared to WHO standards of drinking water.

Physicochemical quality of groundwater and pollution risk in arid areas: the case of Algerian Sahara

In urban areas, population growth generates significant amounts of wastewater which are treated in specialized treatment stations or rejected directly without control in the case of short water Bechar River. Because of their diverse backgrounds, these waters are often loaded with organic elements, minerals, and microorganisms; some of which could be harmful to health and is heavily involved in the degradation of groundwater that may be irreversible. The study was conducted on two boreholes located next to the Bechar River (north and south) by influencing wastewater localized on the course of the Bechar River. A work plan has been adopted; it is early to make a monthly monitoring of two wells during the period from January 2007 to April 2014, with a comprehensive analysis of physicochemical parameters, to determine the various anthropogenic contributions to polluting nature in the region and analyze their physicochemical composition, to explain the origin and evolution of each element. The analyses revealed the levels of Cl, NO3, NO2, NH4, and phosphates that can be passed to the groundwater by the water surface runoff of the river; the wastewater undergoes a slow percolation through the layers Triassic. This is confirmed by the high levels of chlorides, ranging from 180 mg/l in 2007 to 216 mg/l in 2014 for drilling north and 199 to 336 mg/l for drilling south of the river, which explains the values of the conductivity of 990 μS/cm ranging up to 1050 μS/cm. Nitrate concentrations ranged from 11 mg/l to 28 mg/l for the drilling located north of the river.

The Physicochemical Quality of Groundwater in Relation to Surface Water Pollution in Majidun Area of Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria

The piece of investigation was carried out to study the ground water as well as surface water quality, nutrient status and physico-chemical characteristic of Majidun-Ilaje Area of Ikorodu, Nigeria. The study area is situated between 327’E - 328’E longitude and 637’E latitude and covers about 1.71km2 area of land. The present work has been conducted by monitoring two types of groundwater i.e. hand dug well water and borehole water of the community as well as the surface water i.e. river of the community. Attempts were made to study and analyze the physico-chemical characteristics of the water. Various parameters like Temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Alkalinity, True and Apparent Color, Turbidity, Electrical Conductivity, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Total Organic Carbon, Total Organic Matter, Nitrate, Chloride, Phosphate, Sulphate, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium give a picture of quality parameter in both hand dug well and borehole water as well as river water of the community. By observing the result it can be concluded that the parameters which were taken for study of the water quality are below the pollution level for only borehole type of ground water which satisfy the requirement for the use of various purposes like domestic, agricultural, industrial etc. The quality of the hand dug wells and a closer borehole to the river is relatively above the permissible limit varying with depth and distance from the river. But in case of surface water, the water quality of the river is above the WHO and Federal EPA permissible limits.

Physicochemical parameters of groundwater (Foggara) and sand dune (Timimoun) Algeria

This work aims at the characterization of sand dune (Timimoun), which is found in considerable quantity in Algeria Western South, and studies the physicochemical quality of ground water (foggara), using for the drinking and irrigation. In order to perform a chemical analysis of the porous environment studied in summer to provide us with a qualitative and a quantitative information about the chemical composition of the sample, the results obtained show that the quartz (97%) is the most represented mineral, the oxides of aluminum, potassium, iron, chromium, and manganese, identified by the chemical analysis, probably enter in the clayey phase, the granulometric analysis permitted us to determine some parameters as the uniformity coefficient, equivalent diameter, and a comparison of the IR spectrum of the sand (washed and non washed) was achieved, and observations to the scanning electron microscopy and the X-ray analysis are also achieved. A part of this work is devoted to the follow-up of the absorbance of the filtrate at different lengths of waves; Erg sand of Timimoun presents favorable features for its use as being bed filtering in pretreatment. On the other hand, an analysis of ground water (foggara) of Timimoun in the south of Algeria noted Fi indicates that 50% of the samples had magnesium concentrations ([Mg2+] ##xgt; 50 mg/L), 100% were sulfated, with sulfate ion concentrations exceeding the standard recommended by WHO ([SO42-] ##xgt; 250 mg/L). Moreover, 75% excessive calcium concentrations, with [Ca2+] ##xgt; 150 mg/L, translated by a strong conductivity of 4030 μS/cm.

Assessment of Physico-Chemical Quality of Groundwater by Multivariate Analysis in some Populated Villages nearby Sagar City, MP, India

Ground water is one of the major resources of the drinking water in rural area nearby Sagar city, Madhya Pradesh. In the present study groundwater quality of the selected 02 villages near by Sagar city were taken for under investigations, by collecting 75 groundwater samples from entire villages and assessed for their suitability for human consumption. Physico-chemical parameters were carried out during different months of the pre monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon seasons in Oct. 2007– July 2011. WHO water directive value is 44 mg/l for nitrate and11 mg/l nitrate in drinking water. pH values of all samples were between 5.5-8.5 limits. Conductivity of all samples was below WHO water standards. The statistical analysis of the experimentally estimated water quality parameters on water samples yielded the range of the variation, mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of variation, correlation analysis and principal component analysis.