Physical Variables Research Articles

Mental and physical health characteristics of older and younger adults receiving medication for opioid use disorder

BackgroundMethadone is an effective and widely used medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Within in the United States (US), older adults represent an increasing proportion of those receiving MOUD, yet little is known about characteristics of older individuals in these programs.ObjectivesTo evaluate mental and physical health characteristics of younger and older adults receiving MOUD and test whether age moderates the relation between physical and mental health variables.MethodsData for this secondary analysis are drawn from a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of individuals seeking methadone dosing as part of MOUD at four opioid treatment programs in two regions of the US. Descriptive statistics and correlational and moderation analyses examined outcomes of pain severity, pain interference, self-rated health, physical activity, depression, and anxiety across younger (18-49) and older (50+ years) participants.ResultsAnalyses included 469 participants (mean [range] age, 41.01 [20–70] years). Older participants reported higher pain severity and interference, less physical activity, and worse self-rated health than those in the younger age group (ps < 0.05). Associations between mental and physical health variables were generally weak-to-moderate in the older age group (r = 0.26 to r = 0.44, p < 0.01), and weak in the younger age group, although age did not moderate associations.ConclusionClinically significant mental and physical health variables are associated among individuals receiving methadone for MOUD, with older adults facing unique challenges.Clinical implicationsOpioid use treatment should include not only pain management but also assessment and treatment of depression and anxiety and optimization of other health behaviors (e.g., physical activity) across age groups. Pain management and health promotion are particularly relevant targets for aging individuals receiving MOUD.

Mechanisms of the Native American pain inequity: predicting chronic pain onset prospectively at 5 years in the Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk.

A pain inequity exists for Native Americans (NAs), but the mechanisms are poorly understood. The Oklahoma Study of Native American Pain Risk (OK-SNAP) addressed this issue and recruited healthy, pain-free NAs and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) to attend 2 laboratory visits and assessed mechanisms consistent with the biopsychosocial model of pain: demographics, physical variables, psychosocial factors, and nociceptive/pain phenotypes. Then participants were surveyed every 6 months to assess for chronic pain onset. Results at the 2-year follow-up found that NAs were ∼3x more likely than NHWs to develop chronic pain. Moreover, psychosocial factors (discrimination, stress, pain-related anxiety), cardiometabolic load (higher body mass index and blood pressure, lower heart rate variability), and impaired inhibition of spinal nociception partly mediated the pain inequity. The present study examined mechanisms of chronic pain at the 5-year follow-up for OK-SNAP. Results found that the NA pain inequity worsened-NAs were 4x more likely to develop chronic pain (OR = 4.025; CI = 1.966, 8.239), even after controlling for baseline age, sex assigned at birth, income, and education. Moreover, serial mediation models replicated paths from the 2-year follow-up that linked psychosocial variables, cardiometabolic load, and impaired inhibition of spinal nociception to chronic pain onset. Further, 2 new significant paths were observed. One linked discrimination, stress, sleep problems, and facilitated pain perception to increased pain risk. The other linked discrimination with higher spinal nociceptive threshold and pain risk. These results provide further evidence for a NA pain inequity and identify multiple psychosocial, cardiometabolic, and pronociceptive targets for primary interventions.

Performance Analysis of Wireless Sensor Networks Using Damped Oscillation Functions for the Packet Transmission Probability

Wireless sensor networks are composed of many nodes distributed in a region of interest to monitor different environments and physical variables. In many cases, access to nodes is not easy or feasible. As such, the system lifetime is a primary design parameter to consider in the design of these networks. In this regard, for some applications, it is preferable to extend the system lifetime by actively reducing the number of packet transmissions and, thus, the number of reports. The system administrator can be aware of such reporting reduction to distinguish this final phase from a malfunction of the system or even an attack. Given this, we explore different mathematical functions that drastically reduce the number of packet transmissions when the residual energy in the system is low but still allow for an adequate number of transmissions. Indeed, in previous works, where the negative exponential distribution is used, the system reaches the point of zero transmissions extremely fast. Hence, we propose different dampening functions with different decreasing rates that present oscillations to allow for packet transmissions even at the end of the system lifetime. We compare the system performance under these mathematical functions, which, to the best of our knowledge, have never been used before, to find the most adequate transmission scheme for packet transmissions and system lifetime. We develop an analytical model based on a discrete-time Markov chain to show that a moderately decreasing function provides the best results. We also develop a discrete event simulator to validate the analytical results.

Chemically reactive stagnated third‐grade magnetized nanomaterial considering modern diffusion approaches

AbstractAn incompressible boundary‐layer third‐grade nanomaterial stagnated flow confined by stretchy regime is formulated. The laminar magnetized thermal and solutal flow features the aspects of Brownian diffusion, generalized thermal‐flux, thermophoresis, and generalized solutal‐flux. The dimensionalized third‐grade steady‐state model is obtained by implementing appropriate variables. The subsequent nonlinear mathematical model is analytically computed by utilizing homotopy algorithm. The graphics demonstration of nondimensional fields (i.e., velocity, concentration, and temperature) for distinct physical variables is exhibited. The outcomes for the skin‐friction coefficient are calculated and confirmed to be precise. The analysis reveals that augmented values of material parameters escalate nanomaterial velocity while the Hartman number exhibits lower velocity. The temperature field displays a decaying trend for Prandtl number and thermal relaxation variable while contrary effects for nanoscale parameters (i.e., thermophoresis diffusive and Brownian diffusive) are reported. Besides, the nanomaterial concentration shows a decreasing trend with respect to the Schmidt number, Brownian motion, and solutal‐relaxation variable while thermophoresis parameter exhibits opposite effects. Furthermore, this study could be valuable for the design of various lab‐on‐a‐chip and thermal microfluidic devices in the field of biomedicine. Besides contributing to the creation of new devices, they may also be advantageous for performing genetic testing and developing innovative tools.

Physical Activity Variability in Patellofemoral Pain: Relationships with Clinical and Psychological Outcomes

ObjectivesTo (1) compare physical activity variability between individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free individuals and (2) evaluate the relationships of physical activity variability with pain severity, symptom duration, disability, and pain catastrophizing in PFP cohorts. DesignCross-sectional case-control study. SettingUniversity research laboratory. ParticipantsIndividuals with PFP (N=34) and pain-free individuals (N=34) aged 18 to 40 years. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresWe assessed physical activity (daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) over a period of 14 consecutive days using a triaxial accelerometer. Variability (coefficient of variation) for daily steps and MVPA was calculated, where higher CV values indicate greater physical activity variability. We evaluated pain severity (numeric pain rating scale), symptom duration (months), disability (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Patellofemoral subscale), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale). Independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests evaluated group differences in physical activity variability. Spearman ρ correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships of physical activity variability with pain severity, symptom duration, disability, and pain catastrophizing in PFP cohorts. Correlation coefficients were interpreted as weak (<0.40), moderate (0.40–0.70), and strong (>0.70). ResultsAge, height, and mass did not differ between individuals with PFP and pain-free individuals (P>.05). Individuals with PFP displayed greater variability in daily steps (P<.001) and MVPA (P=.001) compared to pain-free individuals. In individuals with PFP, greater variability in daily steps was moderately related to higher pain severity (ρ=0.41, P=.016), while greater variability in MVPA was weakly related to higher pain severity (ρ=0.36, P=.037). ConclusionsIndividuals with PFP demonstrated greater physical activity variability compared to pain-free individuals, which positively related to more severe pain. Future PFP research may explore the underlying factors contributing to increased physical activity variability and their potential implications for pain management.

Actigraphy Study Endpoints to Reduce Sample Size and Facilitate Drug Development for Pediatric Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

To investigate the feasibility of using actigraphy to measure physical activity (pA) and heart rate variability (HRV) as study endpoints in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and to compare their performance to six-minute-walk distance (6MWD), a common primary endpoint used in PAH clinical trials in adults and children who can walk and understand the test process. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study in pediatric PAH patients and healthy children. Actiheart™ and Fitbit Charge 2™ recorded pA and heart rate (HR) data. HRV was defined as standard deviation of daily HR. Actigraphy pA and HRV and 6MWD from the same subjects were analyzed to compare children with PAH with controls, and Panama functional classification (FC) III versus II. Power/sample size simulations were conducted to detect hypothetical treatment effect equivalent to differences seen between FC III and FC II. We enrolled 116 children; 90 and 98 adhered with Actiheart and Fitbit, respectively. Actigraphy daily pA was ∼36% lower (P<0.05) and daily HRV was ∼18% lower (P<0.05) in children with PAH (n=62) than healthy controls (n=54). Daily pA and daily HRV trended ∼17% lower in FC III than FC II, whereas 6MWD showed little difference. Simulation at 80% power showed that pA required 175 subjects per group and HRV required 40 per group to detect the difference/effect, whereas 6MWD required over our maximum sample size of 200. Actigraphy is a feasible measure in pediatric PAH. Compared with 6MWD, pA and HRV may be more sensitive in differentiating Panama FC III from II. HRV may improve actigraphy's utility in pediatric PAH.

Return to Play After Shoulder Stabilization –What If This Isn't Going Well?

Traumatic shoulder instability is prevalent among athletes, often leading to surgical intervention and challenging rehabilitation outcomes. This chapter explores the complexities surrounding return to play (RTP) following shoulder stabilization procedures, highlighting the significant variance in RTP rates and the common lag in returning to pre-injury performance levels, particularly in throwing athletes. Factors influencing successful outcomes include the nature of the instability, surgical approach, and individual athlete characteristics. A consensus on RTP criteria remains elusive, with a predominant reliance on time-based recovery, yet evidence suggests that other physical and psychological variables must be considered. Emphasizing a shared decision-making process and ongoing assessment of range of motion, strength, and proprioception, this chapter aims to identify key deficits and interventions that can enhance rehabilitation success for athletes struggling to return to play. Effective communication among the sports medicine team and the athlete is essential to optimize adherence to rehabilitation protocols and improve overall outcomes.

Cobalt associated with potassium phosphite improves the post-harvest quality of mango cv. Palmer

Mango is a highly perishable climacteric fruit with a short post-harvest period. Therefore, to extend shelf life, the mangoes were treated pre-harvest with a potassium phosphite solution (1.4 g/mL KH2PO4) and a control solution (0 g/mL KH₂PO) associated with different doses of cobalt (0; 48; 64; 80; 112 ml.plant-1) at a density of 1.30 g/mL. The work measured physical, chemical, and biochemical variables. Cobalt and potassium phosphite favored maintaining color and firmness and reduced the respiratory rate. The treatments significantly affected the chemical variables, reduced the soluble solids content, conserved ascorbic acid, and preserved the pH. Foliar application of cobalt and potassium phosphite at pre-harvest is an efficient technique for improving shelf life and maintaining mango quality during storage at room temperature.

The results of a magnetic field on flow past an inclined isothermal vertical plate with heat and varying mass diffusion

This work describes the influence of a magnetic environment on the circulation of matter and thermal energy over an accelerating advanced inclined isothermal sectional surface. The temperature is elevated to . The proximity intensity is increased to . The Laplace-transform approach is applied to solve the dimensionless analytical equation. In this research work different physical variables including thermal grashof number (Tg), mass grashof number (Tm), Schmidt number (Sc), Prandtl number(Pr), time(t), velocity profile ( ), temperature ( ), and intensity ( ) are investigated. The output of the graph produced by the Matlab software commands an energy equation, momentum equation, and concentration equation. The values are shown in an aligned pattern for a variety of flow variables. Diagrammatic representations of the fluid velocity profiles are provided. The velocity rises corresponding to different Tg and the velocity rises corresponding to different Tm. As the angle is decreased, the velocity increases differently. , As the different magnetic environment values lower, the velocity rises. Elevated values of angle ( ), Sc, Pr, and contribute to an enhancement in local skin friction, and an upsurge in Gr, Gc, and t leads to a reduction. A tabulated presentation of Nusselt quantities reveals a positive correlation with increasing Pr. Similarly, Sherwood quantities, as tabulated for various parameters, demonstrate a proportional increase with rising Sc.

Structure Analysis for Plate Components Using an Advanced Boundary Element Method

Accurate and effective evaluation of physical variables is of great significance to the design safety and stability of plate structure. In this paper, an advanced boundary element method is developed to perform the structure analysis for plate components. The method is implemented as follows: Firstly, a novel interpolation method is developed to improve the simulation accuracy of the physical quantities on various structural models of plate components, which can improve the order of interpolation polynomials without changing the degrees of freedom of system equations, and eliminate the influence of the fitting error of physical variable in integral equation; And then an integral transformation frame is employed to remove the influence of the singular and nearly singular integrals in integral equation and ensure the accurate calculation of elastic parameters of plate components; Finally, several numerical examples (a porous plate, a deck framing and a propeller structure are included) are given to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method can accurately evaluate the physical variables of the plate components.

Consequence of Orange Theory Fitness Training on Selected Health Related Physical Fitness Variables among Obese

Abstract The main task of the study was to find out Consequence of orange theory fitness training on Selected Health Related Physical Fitness Variables among Obese. To achieve the task of the study Forty class-I obese school boys were selected from various schools in Tuticorin were selected as subjects and their age ranged from 12-15 years only. The selected subjects were divided into two equal groups namely experimental group (20) and control group (20). The experimental group participated in orange theory fitness training. Pre and post-test method were followed. The experimental training was adopted for eight weeks on three days a week and control group was not exposed to experimental treatment. The selected variables namely flexibility, cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance. The above selected variables were tested through Flexibility (sit and reach in centimetre), Cardio Vascular Endurance (1.6 mile run in five minutes), and Muscular Endurance (bent knee sit-ups). The collected data were statistically analyses using dependent 't' test. The level of confidence was fixed at 0.05 for all cases. The result of the study showed that there was a significant improvement in flexibility, cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance among class -I obese school boys due to orange theory fitness training.

Phenomenological Theory of the Critical Point and the Fundamental Equation of State in Physical Variables

Phenomenological Theory of the Critical Point and the Fundamental Equation of State in Physical Variables

Cognitive behavioral therapy for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: effects on physical activity, sleep and heart rate variability

Abstract Background We have devised a novel psychological intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF-CBT), that targets symptom preoccupation and avoidance behaviour. AF-CBT significantly improved cardiac anxiety and quality of life (QoL) in a randomized trial. To what extent this may be attributed to changes in physiological parameters is yet to be determined. Purpose A) to assess changes in objective and subjective measures of physical activity and sleep. B) to evaluate potential treatment effects on heart rate variability (HRV). Methods Patients with paroxysmal AF on optimal medical therapy (65.4±8.3 years, 58% women) and European Heart Rhythm Association Symptom Score ≥2b were randomized to a 10-week therapist-led online AF-CBT (n=65) or a control group (n=62), with the primary outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-life (AFEQT). A Patch-Holter with an integrated accelerometer was applied for five days at baseline, post-treatment, and at three months follow-up. Each recording was divided into day and night (sleep time) based on posture, heart rate, and activity. HRV was analysed in both time and frequency domains, excluding AF episodes and aberrant beats. Results AFEQT increased from 62.4±14.3 to 83.7± 13.8 points in the AF-CBT group at the 3-month follow-up with a relative difference of 15.0 points. At baseline, the participants walked 8040±2600 steps/day and slept 8.0 ± 1.1 hours. AF-CBT did not increase physical activity, and there were no significant changes in objective sleep duration. The Insomnia Severity Score went from subclinical (12.2±6.7) to near normal values (8.1±5.6), which was significant as compared to controls (p=0.032). AF burden increased from 5.3% to 7.3% in the AF-CBT group and 5.0% to 9.2% in the control group, with no difference between the groups (p=0.59). We did not observe any change in heart rate or HRV indices at rest during the day or at night. Conclusion AF-CBT did not mediate its effects on QoL by improving objective physiological variables. Thus, our findings underline the importance of subjective, psychological, and behavioural aspects and indicate that AF-CBT might fill a void beyond medical and lifestyle interventions in comprehensive AF care.

Analysis of multi-phase lag gradients for a spherical cavity due to prescribed internal pressure

A refined multi-phase lag model is proposed here for a homogeneous unbounded thermoelastic spherical cavity in a curvilinear coordinate system. The associated solutions are obtained by forming non-dimensional vector matrix equations and applying Eigen value approach in the transform domain. The results have been verified using the valid boundary conditions associated with physical and field variables. Mathematica and MATLAB platforms are used for numerical analysis and graphical representation.

Identifying Clusters of Curatively-Treated Esophageal Cancer Patients Using Patient-Reported Outcome Measures at Three Months from Discharge: A Secondary Analysis from a Longitudinal Single Center Study.

This study aims to identify meaningful clusters based on Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in curatively-treated esophageal cancer patients at three months post-discharge. This secondary analysis of a longitudinal single-center study included 46 esophageal cancer patients who underwent curative surgery. Patients were selected based on their completion of PROMs surveys at three months post-discharge, were aged 18 years or older, and had undergone surgical resection (esophagectomy) with or without neoadjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. The analysis utilized t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) for dimensionality reduction and hierarchical clustering to analyze PROMs data collected three months post-discharge. Clustering was performed on physical, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning variables, symptom burden, and health literacy. Three distinct clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (n = 24) with higher functioning and moderate symptoms, Cluster 2 (n = 14) with moderate functioning, higher symptoms, and lower health literacy, and Cluster 3 (n = 8) with the highest functioning, lowest symptoms, and highest health literacy. Significant differences between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma subtypes were observed across several PROMs domains, including critical health literacy, general health status/quality of life, nausea and vomiting, and insomnia. These clusters provide an exploratory framework for tailoring post-operative interventions to enhance patient recovery, which necessitates further confirmatory investigations, including outcomes such as complications and mortality, in the analysis. This study fills a research gap by demonstrating the utility of PROMs in identifying distinct recovery patterns in esophageal cancer patients post-surgery. The findings support the use of PROMs to guide personalized post-operative care, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life. Further research is needed to validate these findings in larger, diverse populations.

Development of physics-guided neural network framework for acid-base treatment prediction using carbon dioxide-based tubular reactor

Accurate acid-base treatment prediction is necessary to achieve the required yield, given the inherent complexity, high nonlinearity, and restricted availability of data samples; to address this challenge, a data-driven approach was developed. However, the technique is constrained by the need for sufficient data to construct an accurate model and lacks both process insight and physical consistency. Therefore, this study introduces a physics-guided neural network model for acid-base treatment prediction in a dynamic tubular reactor using the fundamental physical intermediate variables obtained through the derivation process of the reaction schematic. By integrating batch experimental data, which provides key intermediate variables such as residence time and hydroxide ion concentration, the model addresses the challenge of high nonlinearity and limited data availability. The result shows that the physics-guided potential of a hydrogen predictor had outstanding performance in terms of prediction accuracy (greatest coefficient of determination value of 0.9381). The proposed model demonstrated an average improvement of 24.92% in pH prediction accuracy compared to traditional models without physical guidance, with a maximum improvement of up to 64.95% under limited data conditions. Moreover, downsampling tests revealed that the proposed model maintained robust performance with minimal accuracy reduction even when data was limited without overfitting implication.

Mediterranean Diet-Based Sustainable Healthy Diet and Multicomponent Training Combined Intervention Effect on Body Composition, Anthropometry, and Physical Fitness in Healthy Aging

Background: Diet and exercise interventions have been associated with improved body composition and physical fitness. However, evidence regarding their combined effects in older adults is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the impact of a combined 12-week Mediterranean diet-based sustainable healthy diet (SHD) and multicomponent training (MT) intervention on body composition, anthropometry, and physical fitness in older adults. Methods: Diet intervention groups received a weekly SHD food supply and four sessions, including a SHD culinary practical workshop. The exercise program included MT 50 min group session, three times a week, on non-consecutive days. Body composition and physical fitness variables were assessed through dual X-ray absorptiometry, anthropometric measurements, and senior fitness tests. Repeated measures ANOVA, with terms for group, time, and interaction, was performed. Results: Our results showed that a combined intervention significantly lowered BMI and total fat. Also, significant differences between assessments in all physical fitness tests, except for aerobic endurance, were observed. Adjusted models show significant differences in BMI (p = 0.049) and WHR (p = 0.037) between groups and in total fat (p = 0.030) for the interaction term. Body strength (p &lt; 0.001), balance tests (p &lt; 0.001), and aerobic endurance (p = 0.005) had significant differences amongst groups. Considering the interaction term, differences were observed for upper body strength (p = 0.046) and flexibility tests (p = 0.004 sit and reach, p = 0.048 back scratch). Conclusions: Our intervention study demonstrates the potential of implementing healthy lifestyle and sustainable models to promote healthy and active aging.

Enhanced efficiency of water purification plant by combined riverbank filtration

Water shortages occur due to several factors, with drought being one of the biggest drivers. Another major environmental issue related to the contamination of freshwater systems worldwide is thousands of micropollutants, although they generally occur at low concentration levels. The provision of safe drinking water to the population in rural developing nations remains a problem, in particular when surface water and shallow wells or non-watertight headworks wells serve as sources of drinking water. Dramatically changing raw water qualities, floods and high rainfall events anthropogenic pollution, lack of electricity supply in developing regions demand new and adapted solutions for treatment and rendering water safe for distribution. Our study aimes to find another source of water supply using riverbank filtration (RBF). The RBF is a water treatment method that removes water from rivers by pumping wells into a nearby alluvial aquifer. Several physical, chemical, and biological processes that occur underground improve the quality of surface water and eliminate the need for traditional potable water treatment. Additional treatment techniques in this process include biological degradation, sorption, and filtration. Physical, chemical, and microbiological variables were used to assess the effectiveness of the RBF system in Upper Egypt. Our study proposes a workable water treatment strategy that replaces RBF treatment or pretreatment technique for high-quality Nile water to eliminate or reduce surface water pollutants without the use of chlorine.

Theory of Space Quantization and the Quantum Level Understanding of the True Logics of the Principles of Thermodynamics and Heat Engines

The recently discovered Topological Theory of Quantum Gravity (TTQG) is basically a Theory of Space Quantization (TSQ) and in this article first of all it has been substantiated that though the laws of thermodynamics, the well-known thermodynamic principles, the operations of heat engines are very much intuitive but they, in their conventional representations, miserably lack the harmony to the quantized ‘space -time’ of the universe. The well-known thermodynamic parameters, e.g., pressure (P), volume (V), heat content (H), internal energy (U), entropy (S), Gibbs free energy (G),....etc. and the related physical variables like ‘time’ (t)and ‘mass’ (m) do exist in the form of ‘quantum’ or ‘packets’(referred as Gravitons in TTQG) and those are continuously being exchanged between the so called ‘thermodynamic systems’ and the ‘space-time’. It has been shown in this article that a ‘thermodynamic system’ and the above said ‘space quantums’ are very much complimentary and ‘part and parcel’ to each other and a quantum level ‘space-time’ rich understanding has been made through the TSQ of the true logic behind the standing of the thermodynamic laws and the operations of the heat engines.

The chain mediating effect of psychological inflexibility and stress between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia

Exploring the impact of physical exercise on adolescent insomnia and the chained mediating role of psychological inflexibility and stress between them. In September 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 416 adolescents in Xiangxi Prefecture, collecting data on physical activity, insomnia, psychological inflexibility, stress, and related variables. Statistical analysis was performed, involving 215 boys and 201 girls with an average age of 15.37 ± 0.54 years. (1) Adolescent physical exercise showed significant negative correlations with stress (r =−0.329, P < 0.01), Psychological inflexibility (r =−0.251, P < 0.01), and insomnia (r =−0.286, P < 0.01). Stress exhibited significant positive correlations with Psychological inflexibility (r = 0.746, P < 0.01) and insomnia (r = 0.601, P < 0.01). Psychological inflexibility also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with insomnia (r = 0.555, P < 0.01). (2) Psychological inflexibility and stress were found to mediate the relationship between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia. This study found that the relationship between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia can be mediated by psychological inflexibility and stress, thereby further enriching the understanding of the psychological mechanisms linking these variables. It is recommended that governments and schools implement corresponding measures to promote adolescent participation in physical exercise. These initiatives can help reduce adolescents’ levels of Psychological Inflexibility, alleviate stress and insomnia issues, and simultaneously enhance their sleep quality, thereby promoting comprehensive development of their physical and mental health.