Physical Movement Of Goods Research Articles

Advancing the development of railway transport with the help of digital technologies

Background: The object of the study is regional and global cargo transportation. In order for cargo transportation to link the national economy into a single whole, and also allow it to realize its export opportunities, the level of organization of railway transport should be significantly higher than that of other market participants (primarily shippers and consignees).
 Aim: to study the prospects for increasing the role of railway transport with the help of digital technologies.
 Methods: To model the role of railway transport at the national and global levels, the article uses the concept of general organizational science by A. A. Bogdanov (Tectology). The Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) is used to model the role of railway transport at the micro level.
 Results: Railway transport is considered as a system consisting of subsystems: "working body", "transmission", "engine" and "computer". Each of these subsystems corresponds to separate divisions of railway transport. Digitalization involves the transfer from a person to automated systems, first of all, the functions of such a subsystem as a "working body", which functions according to the same algorithm and, therefore, is extremely routine. This simplifies and makes more predictable the production activities of the relevant departments of railway transport, which in turn creates the opportunity to increase the complexity of other subsystems.
 Conclusion: Railway transport was originally created as a complex macro system based on the most advanced technologies and significantly ahead of other industries in its development. Because of this, he was able to dramatically increase the level of complexity of the territories that he reached. However, today railway transport is experiencing increasing competition from other modes of transport, and therefore qualitatively new measures are required from railway transport to ensure advanced development. To do this, it is proposed to apply digitalization to the process of physical movement of goods as a whole: from fixing the need for transportation from shippers to delivering goods directly to the production sites of consignees. In this case, the main competitive advantage of railway transport becomes the "computer".

Seamen, Railroad Employees, and Uber Drivers: Applying the Section 1 Exemption in the Federal Arbitration Ace to Rideshare Drivers

Section 1 of the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA or the Act) exempts “seamen, railroad employees, [and] any other class of workers engaged in foreign or interstate commerce” from arbitration. In 2019, the Supreme Court held in New Prime Inc. v. Oliveira that this provision exempted independent contractors as well as employees. This decision expanded the reach of the section 1 exemption and may affect the relationship between ridesharing companies, such as Uber, and their drivers. Previously, ridesharing companies argued that courts must enforce the arbitration clauses in their employment contracts because their workers were independent contractors and, therefore, section 1 was inapplicable. Since this argument is now prohibited by the holding in New Prime, rideshare drivers have an opportunity to avoid arbitration using the section 1 exemption. But they still face legal difficulties because of the narrow construction of the exemption employed by courts. This Note argues that the current interpretation of the exemption, which focuses on the physical movement of goods across state lines, is incongruent with the text and history of the FAA and that courts should broaden the exemption to include rideshare drivers.

EXPORT OF SERVICES: IS DATA LOCALIZATION A BARRIER?

The export of services is not related to the physical movement of goods across the border but is directly dependent on the cross-border movement of data. Cross-border data flows play a vital role in the cross-border provision of digital services. The international community pays particular attention to issues regarding the application of data localization policies. Indeed, this requirement significantly affects global trade in services. The data localization policy provides, according to the WTO, limiting the ability of companies to transfer data about internal users to foreign countries. Developing countries (Russia, China, etc.) involve the application of the localization requirement, i.e., first records in the country, personal data of citizens, while the EU and the US consider the total need of data localization as a barrier to international trade. The article assesses the impact of data regulation requirements on the export and import of digital services.

A Contemporary Appraisal of Logistics Performance in Sri Lanka

Logistics comprises a network of services that supports the physical movement of goods within and across borders. Logistics is understood as a network of services that support the physical movement of goods, trade across borders, and commerce within borders. It is a $4.3 trillion industry (The World Bank, 2018). The global perception about the logistics performance of the country can surely has an impact to the investments in Sri Lanka. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and The World Bank’s Connecting to Compete report analyses countries in six components ascertaining various countries’ performances namely, logistics performance indicator (LPI). This is a unique benchmarking tool, providing the same measure for more than 160 countries. The 2018 Logistics Performance Index scores countries on how efficiently they move goods across and within borders. Sri Lanka is geographically located in a highly strategic position. The main East-West sea route runs proximity to the country. The country is located very close to India - the Emerging Giant. This has been an enormous fortune for Sri Lanka to improve its logistics performances though scale of economies. However, Sri Lanka’s logistics performance is not, in any way, commensurate with these comparative advantages.

Targoncával végzett logisztikai tevékenység közben bekövetkezett balesetek elemzése

The physical movement of goods is an integral part of any logistics operation. Widely used tools are forklifts. Unexpected events and accidents are also a threat to human health and logistics goals. Investigating the cause and circumstances of accidents when using a forklift can help prevent further incidents. The human factor is one of the most critical part of the system. The most important tools of prevention are education and passing on experience in order to recognize the risk of accidents. One of the tools of education can be the analysis of the accidents that have already happened. In our article we examine what accidents may happen during logistical operations made by forklift, their proportion, and how they can be used as examples for educational purposes.

THE FATE OF MARKETING LOGISTICS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE 4.0. REVOLUTION

<jats:p>The products of human inginuity of the Fourth Industrial Revolution provide the opportunity for those already fortunate enough to enjoy the advantages of previous Industrial Revolutions to shape, not only the design of new technologies, but also agile forms of management and extraordinary benefits that can fundamentally transform the way people live, work, communicate and relate to each other. More powerful technologies dramatically modify not only traditional production models, but also conventional ways of „delivery service” and distribution of the value. The implementation of the latest technological advances, primarily in the form of RFID technology, which is designed to provide continuous communication and „refresh” data in the entire supply chain in real-time, will result in raising the quality of logistics services to a higher level while simultaneously significantly rationalizing and controlling costs. There is a growing trend in increased use of robotic manipulators and RFID-based smart shelves and smart factories, and retail stores without sales staff which eliminate the need to read and pay for products at cash registers are on the horizon. The revolutionary changes in marketing logistics are conditioned by the emergence and increasing use of multidimensional, so-called 3D printing that has the potential to initiate a trend towards approaching consumption production, which would significantly modify the current role of marketing logistics in the entire supply-chain. New technologies have not changed the essential role of marketing logistics, but the establishment of consistency in the physical movement of goods has evolved over time to the level of science-fiction. Logically, we impose the question of the fate of marketing logistics in the conditions of the 4.0. Revolution, as well as a much more serious question of the future of Man in the event that the humanoid machines made „in the image of man”, insensitive to the destiny of mankind, „master” the World.</jats:p>

THE IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES ON SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN THE ARMED FORCES

The aim of this article is to analyze the impact of new technologies on supply chain management in the Armed Forces. The supply chain is not limited to the operations related to the physical movement of goods, but also includes the management of relations with suppliers and customers. However, the supply chain management, through the integration and coordination of both information and goods flow, is a main factor of the well-developed customer service. The changes in military logistics imposed the necessity of implementation of the modern information technologies in the Polish Armed Forces. The Polish Army has adopted the Integrated Multi-level Information System of the Ministry of Defense (ZWSI RON). The article describes various technologies used in supply chain management including information, communication and automatic identification technologies. The author emphasizes that modern technologies are essential to enhance supply chain competitiveness and performance by improving the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the logistic system. Moreover, implementing of various innovative technologies shortens the time required for the fulfillment of tasks as well as reduces their labor consumption.

Cues and Clues that Influence Customer Trust in Agent of Service Supply Networks

The traditional supply chain models may fit well with the physical movement of goods but are problematic when applied to coproducing service experiences with customers. While there has been progress with regard to developing service supply chain models that more thoroughly capture service operations, none have sufficiently addressed how a customer chooses who will provide the service. This paper takes an agency theory perspective to frame the importance of trust building clues and cues created by an agent who offers customers access to the network of resources required to coproduce the desired experience. Our paper argues that trust is the key to a customer’s selection of an agent for coproduction and offers trust creating strategies that agents can use to influence this selection.

Critical Social Theory and the Emancipation of Marketing Channels Knowledge

Over 25 years ago, Bartels (1988) deftly chronicled the history of marketing thought, reifying the inextricable linkage between distributive sciences, utility creation, and marketing practices. The earliest writings in marketing charted the physical movement of goods through the distribution system. There existed misconceptions of channel members, compelling justification of their role sets in creating efficiencies and utilities that delivered value to customers. Bartels (1988) noted that attributions of intermediaries as “parasitic” and vendors as “ruthless” coincided with widespread fallacies about marketing (p. 29). Cast against this societal mistrust, the Journal of Marketing Channels debuted. The first issue departed from the purely economic functionality that subjugated a broadened theoretical foundation for understanding distribution, embracing Alderson's call for inter-disciplinary approaches. The present effort discusses Habermas' critical social theory (CST). CST posits that the emancipatory function of marketing channels knowledge is to rebuff the dualistic divide between marketing channels theory and market realities. The transformative shifts in marketing channels suggest CST is useful for broadening marketing channels education, research, and practice.

An overview of 20 years of Chinese logistics research using a content-based analysis

This paper provides an overview of logistics research that has been carried out by Chinese academics in the timeframe 1990–2010 using content-based analysis. It is shown that the study of logistics has evolved quite a bit, but that the core concern of logistics study for China’s researchers is the physical movement of goods, while the primarily focus for international researchers has shifted to supply chain and management. China’s approaches to the geography of logistics are however evolving, but as yet have not embraced the ‘supply chain’ perspectives. Here important future research opportunities can be identified.

Multimodal transport information system: modelling approach for goods traceability

One of the main keys to ensure an optimisation of the supply chain in its globality is to succeed to synchronise the physical and the information flows throughout the various links constituting to the whole of the chain. In an environment with globalising economies and increasing competition leading to the remoteness of the various nodes of supply chain, transport and in particular the multimodal transport takes its full importance. In this context the optimisation of physical movement of goods through a solution of follow-up and traceability can contribute to a better mastery of the various flows of the global supply chain. In this paper, we present on the basis of innovative research approaches a modelling approach of modelling of goods traceability data. Then, in order to integrate our traceability data with the other data of the transport chain, but also in order to facilitate the sharing and the exchange of our data we propose an intermediation platform based on the web services logic.

Integrating Space and Mobilities into the Analysis of Social Inequality

Although there is an observable increase in socio-economic polarizations within most (Western) countries, the debate on social inequalities has lost its former central position within sociology. Against the background of current political and economic changes as well as technological developments, which appear to re-structure social relations, traditional approaches to social class, social mobility and social inequality show less and less analytical and interpretative power. This paper seeks to contribute to an improved understanding of the mechanisms through which social inequalities are being continuously reproduced. I suggest a synthetic approach which understands social inequality as multidimensional and relationally constituted within different social spaces. For this purpose, Bourdieu's approach to relational social inequalities represents a fruitful point of departure but also contains several shortcomings. Therefore, I propose an extension by Shepphard's concept of positionalities as the relationally defined places of actors within these spaces. Furthermore, I elaborate on the relational character of the socio-spatial world by drawing on the mobilities paradigm. The establishment and sustaining of social relations, which constitute spaces through material practice, rest to a large extent on mobilities allowing or denying access to the spatialities of resources, activities and goods. Understood in a broader sense encompassing potential, virtual and physical movement of goods, symbols and people, mobilities thus constitute a significant stratifying force through which unequal life chances are being continuously reproduced. The suggested integration of so far largely unconnected strands in social theory is seen as a fruitful frame for further research of the reproduction of social inequalities and their impacts on people's lives. A corresponding research agenda is at the end of the paper.

Intelligent matching: integrating efficiencies in the financial supply chain

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a better understanding of supply chain management in the financial services industry by examining information flow in improving efficiencies (i.e. material, information, capital, etc.) via intelligent matching.Design/methodology/approachThe objective was to address the issues specific to financial services organizations in intelligent matching, examining organizational, technological and application aspects. In order to address these issues, we have utilized an exploratory research methodology, based on a literature review and some initial case studies.FindingsDrivers for intelligent matching solutions have been suggested in this research to include the ability to link financial matching activities to other supply chain activities. Further integration of business processes, both within and between enterprises, will require both human and computational intelligence to approach efficiencies in automation.Research limitations/implicationsSupply chain efficiencies enabled by financial products and information give organizations greater visibility over their receivables, working capital needs, and overall financial position. Limitations of this research include a small sampling of case studies; future research will include a wider scope of cases as to test the findings.Practical implicationsInteroperability of information between the physical movement of goods and financial information within supply chains is key to realizing cost‐reduction and revenue‐enhancement advantages.Originality/valueThis paper discusses a potential area for extending our understanding of supply chains and the role of information flow in improving efficiencies, especially in the financial services industry.

Impact of information on the value chain of an enterprise in the new economy

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