Physical Activity Levels In People Research Articles

Factors Influencing Physical Activity level in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and aimsExercise is a recommended part of type 1 diabetes (T1D) treatment, as high physical activity levels improve health outcomes. However, many people with T1D do not meet physical activity recommendations. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing physical activity levels in people with T1D. MethodsThis questionnaire-based study included adults with T1D from 1 outpatient clinic in the UK and 2 in Denmark. Exercise characteristics, motivators and barriers was assessed. Physical activity level was measured using Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale. Respondents were categorized into three activity groups: inactive, light active and moderate-to-vigourous active. ResultsOut of 332 respondents, 8.4% rated themselves as inactive, 48% light active and 43% moderate-to-vigorous active. 78% of inactive and light active repondents expressed a desire to become more physically active. 53% of respondents had received guidance concerning exercise/physical activity from their diabetes team. Being male and having received guidance, was associated with higher physical activity level. Important motivators for exercising/being physically active were improved mental and physical health and glycaemic control, while most frequent barriers were busyness with work/private life and lack of motivation. Worries about glucose excursions, costs, lack of knowledge, and health related reasons were more prevalent barriers in the least active groups. ConclusionThis study found that 78% of inactive and light active respondents reported wishing to become more physically active. Receiving guidance about exercise/physical activity was associated with higher physical activity level, but only 53% of respondents had received support from their diabetes team.

P114 Promoting physical activity using mobile health technology in people living with Rheumatoid Arthritis: MOTIVATE RA

Abstract Background/Aims People living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) tend to be less active than the general population which may be due to RA associated musculoskeletal pain, stiffness and fatigue. The health benefits of physical activity (PA) are widely recognised in the general population and studies in RA have also highlighted improvement in RA associated symptoms. However, encouraging increased PA in people living with RA is challenging and adherence to PA is usually low. Mobile health (mHealth) technology (i.e., fitness watches and apps) may provide an effective and economical solution to promoting PA in this high-risk population. The aims of the current study were to assess whether use of mHealth technology in RA i) increases PA levels and ii) reduces RA disease activity. Methods People with RA were randomised to either the MOTIVATE (mHealth intervention) or conventional care (CC) groups. The CC group were provided with online educational materials, as provided in routine care (e.g., PA information leaflets), to increase PA whereas the MOTIVATE group were provided with a personalised, progressive walking programme delivered via mHealth technology with ongoing, individualised support throughout the 12-week intervention. All participants received a self-testing kit, via mail, at baseline (week 0) and post-intervention (12 weeks). Measures included anthropometrics, blood pressure, PA monitoring, health questionnaires and all were requested to self-report RA disease activity using RADAI-5. Change data between weeks 0 and 12 were compared between groups using One-Way ANCOVA, controlling for baseline, and reported as mean difference (95% CI). Results Of 50 participants, 25 were randomised to the MOTIVATE group (age 50±11years; BMI 29±7kg/m2; females n=23), and 25 to CC (n=25, age 50±11years; BMI 26±6 kg/m2; females n=24). An increase in moderate-to-vigorous PA was observed in the MOTIVATE group, compared to a decrease in CC [81min (1, 160) vs. -35min (-123, 53); P=0.09)]. This was accompanied by an increase in steps per day in the MOTIVATE group, and a decrease in CC [763 (-432, 1957) vs. -76 (-1267, 1115); P=0.40]. A reduction in PHQ-9 depression score was evident in the MOTIVATE group whilst CC were unchanged [-2 (-2, -3) vs. 0 (-2, 0); P=0.07]. RADAI-5 decreased in the MOTIVATE group and stayed the same in CC [-2 (-2, 0) vs. 0(-2, 0), P=0.27]. Conclusion These findings identify the potential effectiveness of an mHealth PA programme to increase PA levels in people living with RA. Use of remote PA monitoring, with support from exercise specialists, may be an effective strategy to improve engagement in exercise and PA in the RA population. Data is suggestive this could improve RA related symptoms, although we did not observe statistical significance. Disclosure D.J. Bannell: Grants/research support; Research grant from the Aintree Arthritis Trust. M. France-Ratcliffe: None. K.L. Hesketh: None. M. Cocks: None. N. Goodson: None. C. Taylor: None. T. Pecanha: None. H. Jones: None. D.A. Low: None. V.S. Sprung: None.

Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions in Sedentary People during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background: The social restriction measures during the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in decreasing physical activity levels. We aimed to evaluate whether the interventions reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of physical activity during the COVID-19 lockdown on people with sedentary behavior were effective. Methods: We searched several databases from their inception until 1 April 2023, including RCTs evaluating the effects of any physical activity intervention in increasing the physical activity level in people with sedentary behavior during COVID-19 confinement, based on evidence derived from intervention studies with a control group. Studies were excluded if they (i) did not include humans; (ii) did not include sufficient information regarding the interventions or regarding the outcomes of interest; (iii) did not have a control group. We used the Rayyan systematic review platform for the selection of the studies to include based on the title/abstract information. Results: Starting with 2461 records from the original literature search, and after reviewing them according to the latest PRISMA recommendations, 11 RCTs including a total of 1770 participants were available and were included in the systematic review. We found that most of the studies examined (73%) reported the beneficial effects of the proposed interventions on improving the physical activity, reducing the sedentary time, and positively contributing to the psychological well-being of the participants. Conclusions: The results of the present systematic review on RCTs of interventions to increase physical activity in sedentary people during the COVID-19 lockdown show the beneficial effects of diverse online-delivered strategies, which can be applied even after the pandemic in conditions in which access to in-person activities is not possible.

The effects of an innovative GP-physiotherapist partnership in improving COPD management in primary care

BackgroundEvidence suggests that management of people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in primary care has been suboptimal, in particular, with low referral rates to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a GP-physiotherapist partnership in optimising management of COPD in primary care.MethodsA pragmatic, pilot, before and after study was conducted in four general practices in Australia. A senior cardiorespiratory physiotherapist was partnered with each general practice. Adults with a history of smoking and/or COPD, aged ≥ 40 years with ≥ 2 practice visits in the previous year were recruited following spirometric confirmation of COPD. Intervention was provided by the physiotherapist at the general practice and included PR referral, physical activity and smoking cessation advice, provision of a pedometer and review of inhaler technique. Intervention occurred at baseline, one month and three months. Main outcomes included PR referral and attendance. Secondary clinical outcomes included changes in COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, dyspnoea, health activation and pedometer step count. Process outcomes included count of initiation of smoking cessation interventions and review of inhaler technique.ResultsA total of 148 participants attended a baseline appointment where pre/post bronchodilator spirometry was performed. 31 participants with airflow obstruction on post-bronchodilator spirometry (mean age 75yrs (SD 9.3), mean FEV1% pred = 75% (SD 18.6), 61% female) received the intervention. At three months, 78% (21/27) were referred to PR and 38% (8/21) had attended PR. No significant improvements were seen in CAT scores, dyspnoea or health activation. There was no significant change in average daily step count at three months compared to baseline (mean difference (95% CI) -266 steps (-956 to 423), p = 0.43). Where indicated, all participants had smoking cessation interventions initiated and inhaler technique reviewed.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that this model was able to increase referrals to PR from primary care and was successful in implementing some aspects of COPD management, however, was insufficient to improve symptom scores and physical activity levels in people with COPD.Trial registrationANZCTR, ACTRN12619001127190. Registered 12 August 2019 – Retrospectively registered, http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12619001127190.aspx.

Physical Activity in Neurological Disorders: A Narrative Review

Physical activity levels of people with chronic neurological disorders are lower than those of healthy people. Problems in neurological disorders, including gait abnormalities, muscle weakness/loss of strength, spasticity, tremor, fatigue, balance disorder, and incontinence, results in lower physical activity level. After determining the situations that are contraindicated for physical activity, the patients should be evaluated by physiotherapists, and possible risks that may occur should be determined. Many studies have demonstrated that physical activity significantly reduces mortality and morbidity, increases community participation, and improves health-related quality of life. These benefits show that increased physical activity and exercise should be part of the standard management of neurological disorders. In these patients, physical activity programs should be structured individually by providing appropriate environmental conditions and safety, following the assessment of the functional status and severity of the disease. The duration, intensity, and type of planned physical activity should be adjusted individually; Appropriate rest intervals should be given during the activity, and termination criteria should be determined according to individual tolerance. This literature review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of physical activity recommendations for individuals with chronic neurological disorders.

Assessment of physical activity of adults with intellectual disabilities. A systematic review

Physical activity (PA) is an essential element of maintaining health for adults with intellectual disabilities (ID), that is reflected in their quality of life. However, it was shown that they mostly lead a sedentary lifestyle and have a higher rate of overweight and obesity. The aim of the study was to assess the level of PA with the use of objective and subjective tools among adults with ID based on the literature review (Google Scholar, Pubmed and EBSCO databases).The study uses the data mining method. The level of PA, biopsychosocial and environmental factors determining PA were considered, and objective and subjective research tools were verified. The obtained research material indicated a frequent occurrence of a sedentary lifestyle in the examined people (2579%). Diverse conclusions were observed in terms of the used research tools (objective and subjective). The general conclusion from the analysed material indicated the problem of overweight and obesity (4487% of respondents in the group of adults with ID), and the identification of barriers to PA.The PA level of people with ID was low. Moreover, most of the respondents did not meet the PA recommendations. Subjective and objective research tools were used in the research, however, the objective ones were used more frequent, in which a sedentary lifestyle was more common. Attention should be paid to promote tailor-made programmes of PA among people with ID.

Effect of anthropometric and sociodemographic variables on physical activity levels of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome on highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Physical inactivity plays a major role in promoting disease outcome, but physical activity enhances effective prevention and treatment of chronic diseases; hence, this study was to determine the effect of anthropometric and demographic factors on the physical activity level of people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) on antiretroviral therapy. This study adopted a cross-sectional method of descriptive research design. A sample size of 170 participants was recruited for this research comprising 113 females and 57 males, who after obtaining their informed consent were issued questionnaires which they meticulously filled under a proper guidance. The participants were almost proportionally distributed across the three levels of physical activity, though about half of them had a normal weight of body mass index (BMI) based on the information obtained. The study showed that physical activity according to age significantly affected the BMI (P < 0.05). Physical activity level according to gender had no statistically significant effect on BMI of people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral drugs (P > 0.05). However, it was observed that gender had a significant determining effect on BMI, though not related to PAL. The findings possibly imply that the psychological effect and the stigma may be the determining factors for the unwillingness to engage in physical activities. This calls for a renewed sensitization and orientation in this aspect.

Physical activity levels of people over 60

Introduction: Physical activity at any age brings numerous benefits. In youth, it strengthens and increases a person's overall physical fitness whereas in old age it improves well-being, inhibits the ageing process and sustains health. With systematic exercise it is possible to maintain physical fitness at a higher level compared to physically inactive people [1]. Physical activity is one of the factors that determines a person's state of health. Their ontogenesis is also a major element of a healthy lifestyle [2]. The human body was created for movement so, in order to function properly, it needs regular activities and physical exercise [3]. Regular physical activity influences the maintenance of functional fitness, independence and autonomy in performing daily activities in older age. Movement deficiency is a problem at any age, especially in seniors. Maintaining an active lifestyle among the elderly is a major component of successful ageing [4]. &#x0D; Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the physical activity levels in people over 60 years old, and whether there is a correlation between sociodemographic factors, BMI and physical activity levels in the study group. &#x0D; Material and method: The study was conducted remotely in July and August 2020 on people aged 60 and over. The study involved 77 people over 60 years of age: 63 women and 14 men. The research tool was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In the study group 69 people were aged 60-70 years and 8 people were aged 71-80 years. &#x0D; Results: People over 60 years of age lead active lifestyles; seniors' physical activity is sufficient. BMI and socio-demographic factors do not affect the physical activity of older people. &#x0D; Conclusions: The level of physical activity among the elderly covered by the study is sufficient. Sociodemographic factors and BMI do not determine the level of physical activity in the study group.

Biopsychology of Physical Activity in People with Schizophrenia: An Integrative Perspective on Barriers and Intervention Strategies.

People with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia experience high physical comorbidity, leading to a 15-20-year mortality gap compared with the general population. Lifestyle behaviours such as physical activity (PA) play important roles in the quest to bridge this gap. Interventions to increase PA engagement in this population have potential to be efficacious; however, their effectiveness can be hindered by low participant engagement, including low adherence and high drop-out, and by implementation of interventions that are not designed to compensate for the cognitive and motivational impairments characteristic for this group. Moreover, and importantly, the negative symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with neurobiological changes in the brain, which-based on principles of biopsychology-can contribute to poor motivation and impaired decision-making processes and behavioural maintenance. To increase PA levels in people with schizophrenia, better understanding of these neurological changes that impact PA engagement is needed. This has the potential to inform the design of interventions that, through enhancement of motivation, could effectively increase PA levels in this specific population. Incorporating strategies that address the dopamine dysregulation associated with schizophrenia, such as boosting the role of reward and self-determined motivation, may improve long-term PA maintenance, leading to habitual PA. Consideration of motivation and behavioural maintenance is also needed to impart health benefits such as prevention of chronic disease, which is associated with currently low PA levels in this high metabolic risk population. Taking a biopsychological perspective, we outline the neural pathways involved in motivation that are impacted by schizophrenia and propose strategies for promoting motivation for and PA engagement from adoption to habit formation.

Engaging and sustaining people with intellectual disabilities in physical activity: a narrative review of existing evidence

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience many health and social inequalities. Increasing physical activity is a proven intervention to address such inequalities, yet the physical activity rates of this population are substantially lower than the general population. Aim: Research has been growing to understand why this is and how to intervene to increase the physical activity levels of people with ID. Method: Using a behavioural epidemiological framework, the research in this area from barriers and facilitators of physical activity to translational research testing interventions within natural settings is reviewed. Findings from a total of 14 reviews and eight empirical studies and protocols were included. Results: Whilst there are multiple investigations into what promotes or enhances physical activity for people with ID, findings from intervention studies show few successful outcomes. Gaps within the existing research are identified and recommendations about how intervention efficacy might be improved are provided to inform future research and practice. Conclusion: Findings from previous research on barriers and facilitators can be further capitalised on and intervention studies should be underpinned by better links to theory and more systemic approaches.

Factors Affecting Physical Activity of People with Knee Osteoarthritis in Southern Taiwan: A Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis.

Background Physical activity (PA) is a basic and initiative conservative management for people with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study aimed to explore the potential indicators of PA levels in people with KOA. Methods We designed a cross-sectional study where people with KOA were consecutively approached by the Orthopedic Outpatient Department in a hospital in southern Taiwan. People older than 50 years that could communicate and consent to the present study were enrolled. As a dependent variable, the Chinese version of the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE-C) was used to assess the participant's PA levels. Considering differences in sex, a PASE-C score cut-off point of 140 for men and 120 for women was used. Participants were then divided into “active” and “inactive” groups. We measured independent variables consisting of the demographic and clinical characteristics, such as comorbidities measured by the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), depression status measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale-5, body mass index, KOA history (<5, 5–<10, and ≥10 years), knee pain (unilateral or bilateral), the severity of symptoms measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and 6-meter preferred walking speed. Multiple logistic regression was performed to identify significant relationships between PA among people with KOA. Results We analyzed a total of 188 people with KOA (56 men and 132 women) with a mean age of 69.4 ± 7.9 (range: 51 to 90 years). Approximately 72.9% (n = 137) were categorized as “inactive PA,” while 27.1% (n = 51) of participants were categorized as “active PA” (male: 32.1%; female: 25.0%). Multiple logistic regression showed a positive association of 6-meter preferred walking speed with active PA (OR: 7.08; 95% CI:1.14–44.13), whereas advanced age and comorbidity (CCI≥1 vs. CCI<1) were negatively associated with active PA with an OR (95% CI) score of 0.91 (0.86–0.97) and 0.37 (0.15–0.87), respectively. Conclusions People with KOA require appropriate lifestyle management to increase PA. Walking speed may be an effective factor for predicting PA among people with KOA. Healthcare providers treating KOA patients should be aware of their PA levels, especially those at risk.

Physical activity levels in people with Parkinson’s disease treated by subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation

Purpose To explore the physical activity of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) and investigate factors associated with physical activity. Methods Twenty-four participants who had STN-DBS for one or more years were recruited. Eligibility criteria included Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤ 4, continuation of STN-DBS, living at home and able to provide informed consent. Physical activity was measured using the self-report physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE). Motor and non-factors that influence physical activity in PD, such as gait disturbance and mood, were recorded using clinical measures. Results Participants had long-standing PD of moderate severity, mean Hoehn and Yahr 2.3, and mild to moderate functional disability, MDS-UPDRS M-EDL mean 16.2. PASE scores were significantly lower compared to norms for adults ≤ 70 years (115.2 versus 143, p= 0.045). There was a significant negative correlation between PASE scores and falls history, fatigue, fear of falling (FOF) and quality of life (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study provides further evidence that physical activity levels in PD with STN-DBS remain low compared to PASE norms for older adults. Future research investigating interventions to improve factors associated with low physical activity levels should be considered. Implications for Rehabilitation Despite the benefits of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on motor function and activities of daily living, physical activity levels remain low in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS compared to norms for older adults. A history of falls, greater fear of falling (FOF) and higher levels of fatigue are associated with lower levels of physical activity in people with PD with STN-DBS. When planning rehabilitation interventions consideration should be given to strategies that promote and support regular physical activity for people with PD with STN-DBS. Rehabilitation clinicians should consider using falls prevention programmes and include strategies to decrease FOF for people with PD with STN-DBS. Consideration should be given to the presence of fatigue when planning the rehabilitation programme for the person with PD with STN-DBS.

Physical activity and its correlates in people with cystic fibrosis: a systematic review.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening genetic disease, affecting multiple life domains including physical activity (PA). Although higher PA levels are associated with multiple health benefits, little insight exists on the PA level of people with CF (PwCF) compared to healthy peers. Evidence on the influencing factors (i.e. correlates) of PA in this clinical population is scarce, but essential to fully understand their PA behaviour. Therefore, the present review aims to provide an overview of the PA level of PwCF compared to healthy peers, and the correlates of PA in PwCF. A systematic search of three databases resulted in 46 included studies. Analysis of 16 studies showed that the CF population is equally active compared to healthy peers, but there is a trend towards less high-intensity PA in youths with CF. Furthermore, PA is positively associated with quality of life, lung function, (maximal) exercise capacity, bone mineral density and quadriceps force. Also, PA was lower on weekdays compared to weekend days and lower when experiencing pulmonary exacerbations. More high-quality research is required in PwCF, particularly longitudinal studies that further explore the correlates of PA, with PA investigated as a primary outcome and measured objectively.

P10-10 Technology-supported exercise may increase self-reported health status in people with residual movement impairments after neurological event

BackgroundAfter a neurological event (e.g. stroke) people are often restricted to a sedentary lifestyle due to chronic impairment. Their need for assistance to perform any form of physical activity (PA) is one factor that limits their PA and results in a negative impact on health. Rehabilitation technology, designed for gait rehabilitation during sub-acute rehabilitation, may be used to achieve the recommended levels of PA in people with gait impairments. However, it is unknown if there are effects on the quality of life resulting from such exercise regimen. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of technology-supported exercise (TSE) on self-reported health status.MethodsTwelve people with severe residual gait impairment after a neurological event participated in the study. They performed TSE (with Lokomat, Andago or C-Mill) for three months (M3) with a minimum of 10 trainings per month. At baseline and M3, the following questionnaires were answered: EQ-5D-3L, WHODAS 2.0, patient global impression of scale (PGIC, only at M3). Wilcoxon-signed-rank-test was used to test for statistically significant differences between start and M3 (p > 0.05).ResultsThe median EQ-5D Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score at baseline was 60, which is lower than the population mean. The VAS of the EQ-5D showed significant improvements (median: 7.5 points). The median of the PGIC was ‘minimally improved’ while all other outcomes (EQ-5D domains and WHODAS) remained constant.ConclusionPrior to TSE, the self-rated health status was low. There is evidence, that people with residual gait impairment may benefit from continuous TSE by improving health status, as has been represented by the improvement of the EQ-5D VAS score. Most chosen questionnaires may not be sensitive enough to detect subtle changes, indicating that for this population more sensitive instruments may be needed. However, future research investigating the sensitivity of the questionnaires is advisable. In addition, the training period of three months might be too short to be effective. This study is still ongoing with the training period extended to six months and additional participants included which will provide more data about the effect of TSE on self-reported health status.

“Troubled” derby subjectivities: Wellbeing and feminist new materialist movements in sport

Roller derby is a unique and innovative phenomenon in the sporting landscape. Body image, gender policies, aggression/contact elements, music, art, and subversive and inclusive politics are all embraced to various degrees. Its growth was swift and significant – thousands of women around the world strapped on their skates and pushed themselves to meet the minimum skills requirements for joining a derby league. This unique sport was put in the (un)enviable position of somehow having done what governments and medical professionals had tried to achieve for years: to get people active who were inactive in the past, raise people's physical activity levels, and therefore (so the story goes) to improve their overall wellbeing and mental health. This article engages with interview transcripts with 12 derby skaters who chose to leave the sport in order to understand the complex social, cultural and personal forces at play in the relationship between sport and wellbeing. Drawing on feminist conceptualisations of care and movement, I explore the notion of “troubled derby subjectivities” to understand the ways in which the “sport” (including its style, music and affinities) provided a generative space for non-normative gendered subjectivities, embodied movement and “wellbeing”.

P216 Promoting physical activity using mobile health technology in people living with rheumatoid arthritis: MOTIVATE RA

Abstract Background/Aims People with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) commonly experience pain and stiffness which reduces engagement in physical activity (PA). The range of health benefits associated with PA are now well established, and include improvements in cardiovascular health and symptoms associated with RA. However, people with RA are more inactive than the general population and face unique barriers to becoming more active. Mobile health (mHealth) technology (i.e. fitness watches and apps) may provide an effective and economical solution to promoting PA in this population. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the effectiveness of mHealth technology to increase PA levels and reduce disease activity in people living with RA. Methods Following ethical approval, 13 females diagnosed with RA were randomised to either an mHealth (n=7, age 47 ± 14 years; BMI 30 ± 5 kg/m2) or a conventional care (CC) intervention group (n=6, age 50 ± 11 years; BMI 25 ± 3 kg/m2). The CC group were provided with online educational material to increase PA whereas the mHealth group were provided with a personalised, progressive walking programme delivered via mHealth technology with ongoing support throughout the 12-week intervention. Prior to (week 0) and following (week 12) the intervention, participants conducted assessments remotely, with guidance from the research team. At each time point all participants wore a GT9X ActiGraph PA monitor for 7 days to quantify PA and completed a RADAI-5 questionnaire to monitor disease activity Change data between weeks 0 and 12 were analysed using independent t-tests and reported as mean difference (95% confidence intervals). Results Intervention groups were well matched in terms of age [3 years (95% CI= -12, 19); P=0.66] but differed for BMI [-5 kg/m2 (95% CI= -10, -0.1); P=0.05]. Preliminary analyses reveal no significant difference in steps per day between the mHealth vs. CC groups [323 steps/day (95% CI= -2273, 1632; P=0.72]. Similarly, no difference in RADAI-5 score was observed between the mHealth and CC groups [0.09 (95% CI= -0.28, 4.6); P=0.61]. Conclusion These preliminary data identify the potential effectiveness of a PA programme to increase PA levels in people with RA delivered via mHealth, though positive changes in mHealth are very small at this early stage. These data, in full, will be important in identifying whether this technology could be used as a cost effective, non-pharmacological management strategy for RA. Disclosure D.J. Bannell: None. M. Cocks: None. N. Goodson: None. C. Taylor: None. T. Peçanha: None. H. Jones: None. D.A. Low: None. V.S. Sprung: None.

A national survey of physical activity after spinal cord injury

Physical activity is a powerful modifiable risk factor for disease and mortality. Physical activity levels in people with spinal cord injury (SCI) have not been quantified relative to uninjured individuals in a large population-based sample. We aimed to quantify and compare physical activity in people with and without SCI, and to examine the associations between physical activity, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors. The 2010 Canadian Community Health Survey (n > 57,000) was used, which includes three measures that assess physical activity levels (i.e., leisure time activity frequency, leisure time activity intensity, and transportation time activity intensity). Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were performed and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The odds of physical activity in people with SCI were 0.43 (95% CI 0.3–0.61), 0.53 (95% CI 0.36–0.75), and 0.42 (95% CI 0.28–0.61), across the three measures of physical activity, respectively. These differences persisted after adjustment for lifestyle, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors. Physical activity is reduced in the SCI population compared with the general population. This knowledge is important to direct future research and guide the allocation of health care resources.

COVID-19 and Physical Activity Behaviour in People with Neurological Diseases: A Systematic Review.

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a radical lifestyle change, which may unintendedly change physical activity levels. We aimed to perform a systematic review to investigate the physical activity changes in people with neurological diseases, and to examine the relationship between physical activity and disease symptoms, and psychosocial factors. The review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A systematic search of the literature across five databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library) was carried out using the keywords relating to COVID-19, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, exercise, and the name of the neurological diseases. The systematic search was updated on 4 February 2021 with the same keywords. Fourteen studies (n = 7662 persons with neurological diseases, n = 1663 healthy controls) were eligible for this review. The study populations were Parkinson disease (n = 7), dementia (n = 1), multiple sclerosis (n = 1), spinal cord injury (n = 1), hereditary spastic paraplegia (n = 1), neuromuscular diseases (n = 1), Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (n = 1), and epilepsy (n = 1). Thirteen studies reported a decreased physical activity level, one study reported a high interruption rate of physiotherapy/rehabilitation. Furthermore, the physical activity reduction was associated with worse disease symptoms, depression, perceived health, and mental and physical components of quality of life. The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the physical activity levels of people with neurological diseases, and this change was related to the worsening of disease symptoms and psychosocial factors. Registration number A protocol of the review was registered with the PROSPERO database (CRD42020207676).Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10882-022-09836-x.

Association between mental health and physical activity levels in people with Parkinson’s disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational cross-sectional survey in Brazil

Aims(1) To evaluate mental health symptoms in people with Parkinson’s (PwP) in self-isolation, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Brazil; (2) to explore associations between mental health and physical activity levels.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional survey using retrospective data. PwP from the Brazilian territory, both sexes, no age limit, in self-isolation due to COVID-19 pandemic, were invited to complete an online self-administered and validated questionnaire. Demographic data (sex, age, Brazilian state they lived in, levels of education, and household income), days in self-isolation, time of diagnosis, and symptoms that bothered most were reported. Self-reported levels of physical activity and mental health symptoms (depression, anxiety, fear, and thoughts of death), before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, were assessed.ResultsThe participants were 156 individuals with PD (64 ± 11 years), from both sexes (50% women; 50% men), resident in the 5 Brazilian regions. There was a worse on mental health symptoms over the time: anxiety [effect size = − 0.52; 95% CI (− 0.70; − 0.28); p < .001], fear [effect size = − 0.58; 95% CI (− 0.76; − 0.34); p < .001], and thoughts of death [effect size = − 0.43; 95% CI (− 072;-0.02); p = .001]. A lower physical activity level during the pandemic is related to increased probability of thoughts of death [crude OR = 1.84; 95% CI (0.98; 3.46); p = 0.05; adjusted OR = 2.98; 95% CI (− 0.01; 2.19); p = 0.05]. Anxiety, fear and depression were not associated with physical activity levels.ConclusionsAnxiety, fear and thoughts of death worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic in comparison with the period before COVID-19. Lower physical activity level during the pandemic was related to an increased probability of thoughts of death.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11332-021-00868-y.

The socio-ecological determinants of change in school travel mode over the transition from childhood to adolescence and the association with physical activity intensity.

School active travel contributes to young people's physical activity levels, yet the prevalence is low, and declines with age. Based on determinants from the social-ecological model we investigated changes in school travel behaviour over the transition from childhood to adolescence in participants from the baseline and four-year follow-up of the SPEEDY cohort. Descriptive analysis examined how travel behaviours changed and were related to physical activity. Multinomial logistic regression investigated determinants. Some 38% of participants changed travel mode; 66% from active to passive. Passively traveling participants at follow-up showed a decrease in physical activity. Several social-ecological domains were associated with change. Findings suggest multicomponent interventions are required to support active travel in youth.