Minutes Of Physical Activity Research Articles

Physical Activity and Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Is This Association Modified by Sleep?

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the cross-sectional association of physical activity during pregnancy with gestational weight gain and verify if associations are modified by levels of sleep duration and efficiency. Methods: Mothers who were participants of the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort study were analyzed. Physical activity (PA) and sleep were measured using the nondominant wrist accelerometer model wGT3X-BT (ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL). Moderate-to-vigorous activities were measured in bouts of 5 minutes (MVPA 5-min bout). Activities were characterized as sustained and overall physical activity was expressed in mg, and MVPA (non-bouted) activities were characterized as not sustained. Sleep was presented as minute bouts, sleep time window, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency. Gestational weight gain (GWG) was calculated by a woman’s weight at the end of gestation minus the pre-pregnancy weight. Linear regression models were used to evaluate the association between PA and GWG. Stratification by sleep characteristics in tertiles was performed. Results: The analytical sample included 1,938 women with information for PA, sleep, and GWG. The mean GWG was 12,030 g (SD = 6658.8). After adjustments, for every 15 minutes of sustained physical activity (MVPA 5-min bout), the GWG decreased by 591.3 g [β= −591.3 (95%CI: −1,147.1; −35.5). A statistically significant association was observed between 15 minutes of sustained physical activity (MVPA 5-min bout) and GWG in the second and third tertiles of healthier sleep efficiency. Conclusion: MVPA with 5-min bouts is associated with lower GWG. The GWG reduction was greater in the higher sleep efficiency strata.

Association of daily physical activity and bone microarchitecture in young adults with type 1 diabetes — A pilot exploratory study

PurposePhysical activity (PA) is an important determinant of skeletal health. In young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) fracture risk is increased, yet few studies have examined the PA and bone health relationship. Therefore, this pilot cross-sectional study characterized PA levels and their association with bone parameters measured by high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) in young adults with T1D. MethodsHR-pQCT (Xtreme CTII) was used to measure bone outcomes at the distal tibia and radius, and accelerometery (ActiGraph GT3X) recorded daily minutes of light and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Quadratic regression analyses were conducted with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered significant. ResultsPA data from 19 young adults (23.1 ± 1.9 years) with T1D was analyzed. Over half (63 %) of participants completed ≥150 min of MVPA per week, however, most measured activity time per day (57 %) was spent in sedentary pursuits. Significant non-linear associations were found between the duration of MVPA and several trabecular bone parameters at the tibia. ConclusionsIn young adults with T1D, MVPA may have site specific (tibia) and compartment specific (trabecular) non-linear associations with bone. Further studies should confirm these findings, which may help inform evidence-based exercise recommendations to optimize bone health in young adults with T1D.

NÍVEL DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA EM ESTUDANTES DO CURSO BACHARELADO EM EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the recommendation for physical activity for adults aged 18 to 64 is 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity or 75 to 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity. vigorous. And also perform muscle strengthening activities at least two days a week. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the academic profile of the Physical Education course at Faculdade Cristo Rei in relation to the level of physical activity, with the aim of understanding the factors that interfere with the regular practice of physical activities and the consequences for health.

Reallocations of Time Between Sleep, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Activity and their Associations with 24-Hour Blood Pressure.

The 24-hour activity cycle (sleep, sedentary behavior, light physical activity, moderate to vigorous physical activity) may have deleterious or beneficial associations with 24-hour blood pressure. Estimate the short-term associated changes in 24H-BP with acutely replacing 30min/d from one behavior of the 24H-ACT to other behaviors in employed adults. Participants (N=659) wore an ambulatory blood pressure monitor and two accelerometers (waist and wrist) to measure 24-hour blood pressure and the 24-hour activity cycle. Replacing 30 minutes of sedentary behavior with 30 minutes of sleep was associated with lower 24-hour mean systolic [ß=-0.32 mmHg per 0.5hr (95% CI: -0.58, 0.06)] and diastolic [ß=-0.31 mmHg per 0.5hr (95% CI: -0.50, -0.12)] blood pressure. Replacing 30 minutes of light physical activity with 30 minutes of sleep was associated with lower 24-hour mean systolic [ß=-0.30 mmHg per 0.5hr (95% CI: -0.62, 0.03,)] and diastolic blood pressure [ß=-0.34 mmHg per 0.5hr (95% CI: -0.58, -0.11,)]. No other time reallocations between 24-hour activity cycle behaviors were associated with changes in 24-hour blood pressure. Replacing time in sedentary behavior or light physical activity with sleep may provide small short-term reductions in that day's 24-hour blood pressure.

Detecting sleep and physical activity changes across the perinatal period using wearable technology

BackgroundPregnant women may not experience disruptions in sleep duration throughout the course of pregnancy, however, their sleep quality is dramatically impaired. Sleep quality deteriorates throughout pregnancy, reaching its lowest in the third trimester. The purpose of this study was to understand the change in sleep patterns across the perinatal period, as well as the impact of physical activity on sleep.MethodsA total of 18 physically active women trying to conceive wore a WHOOP strap (a fitness monitor) across the perinatal period. Daily behavior changes were tracked including time awake, hours in deep sleep, physical activity, and time in moderate to vigorous physical activity.ResultsWomen maintained overall physical activity levels during and after pregnancy and averaged 20.70 min of physical activity and 6.97 h of sleep per day. Total time in awake hours increased postpartum. Moderate-vigorous physical activity minutes improved deep sleep hours overall (Est. = 0.003 h, p < 0.0001) and during pregnancy (Est. = 0.00001 h, p = 0.0004). Similar effects were found for all activity minutes, although in post pregnancy the moderating impact of activity minutes no longer maintained significance (p = 0.09).\\.ConclusionsWearable technology, including fitness monitors such as WHOOP straps offer a convenient and less invasive way to track sleep and physical activity during the perinatal period. The findings of this study indicate a positive connection between sleep and engaging in moderate to vigorous activity and any activity throughout the perinatal period. These results may help inform clinical and practical recommendations for physical activity to improve sleep outcomes for pregnant women.

Physical Activity Environments and Adherence to Health Guidelines in Postsecondary Students

Sedentary lifestyle is one of the greatest contributors to global mortality. From a public health perspective, identifying modifiable factors that reduce sedentary is important. The objective is to examine associations between postsecondary students&amp;rsquo; physical activity environments, including joint physical activity with parents during childhood, engagement in physical activity during adolescence, current parental physical activity, and adherence to screen time and physical activity recommendations during young adulthood. We used a community-based sample of 1,514 Canadian students, aged 17-22 years (60.8% female) enrolled during Fall 2021 and Winter 2022. Participants reported joint physical activity with parents during childhood, engagement in physical activity during adolescence, and current parental physical activity. Participants also self-reported screen time (hours/day), physical activity (minutes of moderate to vigorous intensity/week), and sociodemographic characteristics (age, sex, disability, employment status). Multivariate logistic regressions modeled associations between physical activity environments and adherence to screen time and physical activity recommendations while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Engagement in physical activity during adolescence showed a stronger relation with adherence to screen time and physical activity recommendations (odds ratio = 1.42, 95% CI, 1.09-1.83; odds ratio = 2.76, 95% CI, 2.11-3.60). Parental involvement in childhood physical activity was associated with adherence to screen time (odds ratio = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.03&amp;ndash;1.64) and physical activity recommendations (odds ratio = 1.32, 95% CI, 1.03&amp;ndash;1.68). There were no associations with current parental physical activity. Findings highlight the importance of family support for physical activity during childhood and continued activity during adolescence in promoting health.

Promoting physical activity in everyday life: the role of health care professionals

Physical activity (PA) promotion has become a central objective of Public Health Organisations, due to its long-lasting global benefits on health. The 2023 recommendations recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity per week for adults. New approaches focus on physical exercise as an integral part of daily life. Primary care doctors play a key role in promoting physical activity. Yet in 2010, only 30% of them advised their patients on PA. This is partly due to their own sedentary lifestyle, caused by heavy workloads, irregular working hours, lack of free time and insufficient institutional and financial support for promoting physical activity. An active doctor is an active patient, and the promotion of physical activity in the workplace should be supported by institutions.

Trends in adherence to physical activity guidelines from 1997 to 2018 among adults with obesity: An analysis from the US National Health Interview Survey.

The aim of this study was to estimate the temporal trends in adherence rates to the physical activity (PA) guidelines for aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) among United States(US) adults with obesity. We retrieved data from 22 consecutive rounds of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted between 1997 and 2018. Meeting with the PA guidelines recommended by the World Health Organization was determined as follows: individuals achieving ≥150 weekly minutes of moderate physical activity (MPA), ≥75 weekly minutes of vigorous physical activity (VPA), and ≥2 weekly MSA training sessions. The prevalence of meeting PA guidelines increased from 9.4% in 1997 to 15.0% in 2018, although less than 2 in 10 adults with obesity met the guidelines throughout the study period. Overall, compared to females, males with obesity were more likely to adhere to PA recommendations (odds ratio (OR) = 2.03 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.94 to 2.12]). Also, each age year significantly reduced the odds of adhering to PA recommendations overall (OR = 0.97 [95% CI, 0.97 to 0.98]). Compared with their White counterparts, Black and other races people with obesity have higher significant odds of adhering to PA recommendations with, respectively, OR = 1.18 (95% CI, 1.12 to 1.24) and OR = 1.30 (95% CI, 1.18 to 1.43). In representative samples of adults with obesity from the US, there was an increasing trend for meeting PA guidelines, although only less than 2 in 10 met them.

Absolute and relative intensities of solo, free-form dancing in adults: A pilot study

Objectives Engaging in dance of various styles confers health benefits among adults; however, additional studies on free-form dancing are needed to quantify its intensity and advance research on dance and health. This study characterized the absolute and relative physical activity (PA) intensities of solo, free-form dancing at self-determined moderate and vigorous intensities in adults. Method Participants (N = 48) ages 18 to 83 years old, with 0 to 56 years of dance training experience, engaged in 5-minute free-form dance bouts at respectively self-determined moderate and vigorous intensities, both with and without music. Absolute intensity was measured during bouts using indirect calorimetry (metabolic equivalents; METs = V˙O2 ml·kg-1·min-1/3.5). Relative intensity was measured by ratings of perceived exertion (Borg scale) and heart rate. Linear mixed effects models were used to assess the relationship between absolute and relative intensity metrics and model covariates. Results On average, the relative intensity of self-determined moderate-to-vigorous intensity dancing, with and without music, was 76% of the age-predicted maximal heart rate; 74% of the heart rate reserve (HRR); and 13 on the Borg scale. By measure of %HRR, all adults reached at least a moderate PA intensity across all dance bouts. The mean absolute intensity of self-determined moderate intensity free-form dancing without music was 5.6 METs, and the presence of music (β = 0.6) and the intention to dance at a vigorous intensity (β = 1.1) were both significantly positively associated with METs, as participants engaged in free-form dance; METs were significantly inversely associated with age (β = -0.05) and BMI (β = -0.10). Conclusions When characterized using HRR, engaging in free-form dance at self-determined moderate-to-vigorous PA intensities provided a sufficient stimulus for all adults to reach a moderate PA intensity, which provides evidence that dancing however one wishes at such perceived intensities may support adults in accumulating the recommended weekly dose of 3150 minutes of moderate intensity PA.

Abstract 4138218: Meeting Physical Activity Recommendations Among Wearable Device Users: Insights from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey

Background: The benefits of physical activity for health and well-being are well documented. Promoting physical activity is crucial for enhancing population health. Wearable devices play a significant role in tracking health-related activities and have been shown to enhance engagement in physical activities. While studies have identified sociodemographic patterns in wearable device usage, little is known about their impact on real-world outcomes, such as increased physical activity. Research Question: Is there a variation in achieving the recommended level of physical activity among wearable device users? Aim: To examine factors associated with achieving the recommended weekly minimum of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity among wearable device users. Methods: Data from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6) of wearable device users (n = 1,718) were analyzed. We reported adjusted odds ratios from multivariable logistic regression of meeting recommended levels of physical activity. Results: Among the 1,718 participants who utilized wearable devices, 64.3% were female with a mean (M) age of 48.2 ± 0.36 years. The majority were White (58.1%), followed by Asian (18.4%). Among the wearable users, 54.8% met the recommended weekly minimum of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity. The age group of 65 to 74 years (OR, 1.96; 95% CI, 1.04, 3.69; p=0.04) was more likely to achieve 150 minutes of physical activity per week. However, Asian wearable users were less likely to achieve physical activity goals compared to other racial and ethnic wearable users (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31, 0.96; p=0.04). Additionally, individuals with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.36, 0.79; P&lt;0.01) and those with high blood pressure (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41, 0.94; p=0.03) were less likely to meet physical activity recommendations. Conclusions: This study highlights variations in physical activity outcomes among wearable device users and underscores the importance of enhancing the public's ability to use these devices to increase physical activity. Future efforts should include exploring facilitators of effective wearable use, in various sociodemographic groups, especially for those at risk of obesity or hypertension.

Abstract 4125691: A machine learning approach to examining the associations of minority stressors and physical activity among sexual and gender minority adults

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is an important modifiable factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sexual and gender minority (SGM; e.g., lesbian/gay, bisexual, transgender) adults face higher risks of inadequate PA and CVD due to increased exposure to minority stressors, such as experienced and anticipated discrimination, which may influence SGM adults’ willingness to engage in PA. To our knowledge, researchers have not investigated the impact of minority stressors on objectively-measured PA among SGM adults. Goal: Using k-means clustering, we sought to identify whether clusters characterized by greater exposure to minority stressors were associated with lower moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) and higher sedentary behavior among SGM adults. Methods: This daily diary study included an online sample of SGM adults living in the United States. Participants completed daily surveys about personally experienced discrimination and anticipated discrimination (i.e., expectation of experiencing discrimination) and wore wrist accelerometers for 28 days to objectively measure PA. We used k-means clustering to identify clusters based on reports of experienced and anticipated discrimination. We first determined the optimal number of clusters using established partition criteria. Next, we ran linear regression models (adjusted for demographic factors) to examine the associations of minority stress clusters with MVPA and sedentary time per week. Results: Among 42 SGM adults (mean age 27.0±7.7 years) with 1133 person-days of accelerometry data (~3% missing data), we identified four minority stress clusters: low anticipated/low experienced (LALE; reference group); low anticipated/high experienced (LAHE); high anticipated/low experienced (HALE); and high anticipated/high experienced discrimination (HAHE). Participants in the HALE cluster (n=12) engaged in 202 fewer minutes of MVPA than those in the LALE cluster (n=7). Participants in the LAHE cluster (n=10) had 123 fewer minutes of vigorous PA than those in the LALE cluster. No differences were identified for sedentary time. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine the association of minority stressors with objective PA among SGM adults. Participants in the HALE and LAHE clusters engaged in significantly lower PA than those with low levels of both experienced and anticipated discrimination. Findings underscore the importance of assessing minority stressors and the need for interventions to improve PA among SGM adults.

Association between health-enhancing physical activity and the social factors, lifestyle and dietary characteristics.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends minimum of 150 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity along with at least two sessions of muscle strengthening exercises per week. Compliance with these recommendations is classified as Health Enhancing Physical Activity (HEPA). The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the HEPA and the social factors, lifestyle and dietary characteristics. We conducted the secondary analyses of the data from the Serbian National Health Survey 2019, on 12067 adult participants classified in two groups: with HEPA and without HEPA based on the compliance with the WHO recommendations. Prevalence of HEPA was 3.3% (394/12067). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed positive association between HEPA and male sex (OR: 4.25, 95% CI: 2.68-6.73), average (OR: 3,01, 95% CI: 1.13-8.04), good (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 1.21-7.94) and very good (OR: 4.64, 95% CI: 1.82-11.84) income quintile being single (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.16-2.95), the number of portions of fruits per day (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.09-1.53), the frequency fresh fruit/vegetable juice consumption (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.02-1.40), and being non-smoker (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.03-2.73). There was a negative association between HEPA and age (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0.98), BMI (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.88-1.00), average self-rated health (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.12-0.60), and the frequency of non-alcoholic beverages consumption (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62-0.89). Since only a small percentage of the adult population in Serbia meets the WHO recommendations for physical activity, action is required. This should involve creating future strategies and policies, as well as initiatives focused on education and raising awareness about the importance of physical activity and health.

A Systematic Review of the Long-term Efficacy of Physical Activity Interventions in Reducing Risk Factors for Obesity in Adults

Background: Regular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health advantages, including lowering mortality rates and preventing obesity. Despite well-established guidelines advising 150-300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75-150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA weekly, sedentary lifestyles remain prevalent, especially in industrialised nations. This systematic review examines the long-term effectiveness (12-24 months) of PA interventions aimed at reducing obesity risk among adults, with a particular focus on identifying strategies that promote sustained adherence. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase, focusing on studies published between January 2004 and January 2024. The inclusion criteria focused on randomised controlled trials and similar designs targeting healthy adults, with interventions promoting sustained PA. Primary outcomes assessed were long-term PA adherence, reductions in obesity rates, and improvements in physical and metabolic health. Results: Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, covering a range of intervention strategies. Most interventions featured structured PA programmes, often with personalised components and ongoing support. Several high-quality studies demonstrated long-term PA adherence, increased weekly energy expenditure, and improvements in fitness. However, adherence rates varied, with participants meeting recommended PA levels ranging from 4.6% to 81%. The meta-analysis showed a small to moderate positive effect of PA interventions on outcomes like PA levels and weight loss, with an effect size of 0.37 (CI: 0.25-0.50). Discussion: The results highlight the need for tailored, culturally sensitive interventions, particularly for vulnerable populations. Long-term PA adherence is stronger in older adults than middle-aged ones, but the sustainability of these effects remains unclear, warranting further research

Randomised trial of Mentored ‘Planning to be Active+Family’ [MPBA+F] for Appalachian youth at risk for diabetes: virtual delivery protocol

IntroductionObesity (OB) in children remains a national epidemic. This trial targets children suffering from overweight (OW) and OB living in rural Appalachia. Rural Appalachia is fraught with unhealthy behaviours, high rates of OB, pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes among children. Diabetes prevalence in Appalachia is nearly double that of other regions. The prevalence of Appalachian children suffering from OB and extreme obesity (EO) increases the severity of diabetes.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a stratified randomised-controlled trial to evaluateMentored Planning to be Active+Family (MPBA+F) among seventh grade children with OW/OB/EO from rural Appalachian counties. Based on the Social Cognitive Theory,MPBA+Fcurriculum is a self-regulation approach to physical activity (PA) developed at The Ohio State University and successfully tested for feasibility in rural Appalachian middle schools.MPBA+F(a) incorporates active skill-building activities; (b) reinforces self-regulating activities; (c) engages in individual and group PA; (d) builds the link between PA, hydration and physical health and (e) actively supports weekly PA goals. Weekly skills are incorporated into reinforcement assignments verified at the beginning the following week. The primary outcome is the average daily minutes of moderate-vigorous PA. We will stratify by sex assigned at birth and conduct intent-to-treat analysis. We use descriptive statistics to summarise cohort and group (MPBA+F or comparison) baseline characteristics and examine variable distributions. Bivariate tests examine the balance of baseline characteristics by intervention groups. Mixed-effects linear modelling will be our more primary regression strategy. A potential problem is loss of curricular integrity. Our process assessment, structured mentor training and Instructor’s Guide reduce this concern. Another concern may be the lack of reliable broadband access. Participating counties exceed 75% broadband access. Those who lose internet access may have materials mailed to their home or accessed on the study website.Ethics and disseminationThis study was reviewed and approved by the American Diabetes Association Grants Review Committee (Grant number 11-22-ICTSN-30), the host institution’s Social and Behavioral Human Subjects Review Committee (Protocol 2022B0149) and is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ProtocolNCT05758441). All data that can be shared without compromising human subject protections will be shared to an approved open data repository within six months of publication or 18 months of the conclusion of the funding period (November 2025) if the study remains unpublished. Dissemination to families and stakeholders is by project newsletters. Public presentation of findings will be shared at the Annual Appalachian Translational Research Network and local health department meetings.Trial registration numberNCT05758441.

Energy expenditure, metabolic adaptation, physical activity and energy intake following weight loss: comparison between bariatric surgery and low-calorie diet.

Bariatric surgery remains the most effective treatment to achieve substantial weight loss; however, total daily energy expenditure and physical activity changes in response to such interventions have been seldom explored. In this prospective observational study, total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) using doubly labeled water and physical activity (SenseWear armband) was assessed in 17 females (mean ± SD: 48.6 ± 9.7 kg/m2, 43 ± 12 years) at baseline and 8 and 52 weeks following either bariatric surgery (BSG, N = 9) or a low-calorie diet (LCD, N = 8). Energy intake was assessed using the intake-balance method. After 8 weeks, weight loss was 16.0 ± 3.5 kg and TDEE decreased by 552 ± 319 kcal/d in BSG (P < 0.001) compared to 8.8 ± 3.4 kg and 256 ± 239 kcal/d in LCD (P < 0.05). After 52 weeks, weight loss was 44.3 ± 16.4 kg and TDEE decreased by 583 ± 418 kcal/d (P < 0.001), compared to 4.3 ± 6.7 kg and 84 ± 285 kcal/d in LCD (P > 0.05). TDEE was lower than predicted in BSG at 8 (P = 0.03) but not 52 weeks (P = 0.77). There was no evidence of metabolic adaptation in LCD. Average daily energy intake in BSG was 1403 ± 245 kcal/d compared to 2545 ± 398 kcal/d in LCD (P < 0.001). In BSG, step count and physical activity minutes were increased at 52 weeks compared to baseline (P = 0.03), whereas no significant changes were observed in LCD. Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss decreased TDEE at 8 weeks and 1 year, resulting in metabolic adaptation after 8 weeks that was reversed at 1 year. These changes were accompanied by an increase in physical activity.

Mediating role of self-esteem on university students’ physical activity attitude and frequency

Background and Study Aim. The health benefits of physical activity are well-known. Despite this, there is an ongoing decline in total physical activity (PA), especially among adolescents and young women. This decline points to the need to find more effective solutions. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity and attitudes toward physical activity, and also between self-esteem body image (as subjective variables) and body mass index (as an objective variable). Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study measured and investigated 152 female students from various faculties in their first and second years of study at the Bucharest University of Economic Studies. The research utilized direct anthropometrical measurements and several self-reported instruments. These included questionnaires on self-esteem body image, physical activity attitude, and a report on the frequency of physical activity. Self-esteem was assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Body dissatisfaction was evaluated using the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. Results. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) value of 20.89 kg/m² indicates a healthy, normal BMI. The mean self-esteem score (31.48) falls within the normal range, but 60% of respondents could not match their actual body shape with their ideal or desired body image. 54% of respondents reported engaging in 30 minutes of physical activity, three times a week, outside the university program. As a result, the mean value of the attitude towards physical activity is slightly positive. 33% of young women's self-esteem is related to physical factors such as body image, frequency of physical activity, and attitude towards physical activity. Conclusions. The study indicates that targeted physical education programs and consistent, independent physical activity can mitigate the challenges associated with the investigated variables. Moreover, self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship between body image and physical activity frequency, as well as students’ attitudes toward physical activity.

Effect of physical activity level on the association of LBBB, heart failure, and mortality

Abstract Background The beneficial effect of physical activity (PA) on adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) and left bundle branch block (LBBB) is well established. Yet, the impact of PA on individuals with LBBB without evident HF remains unexplored. Our objective is to investigate how PA modifies the outcomes of new-onset LBBB patients concerning HF-related hospitalizations and mortality. Methods Among the UK Biobank participants without a diagnosis of HF, we identified individuals with new-onset LBBB and available PA quantification. Patients were dichotomized into normal QRS and LBBB groups, following by stratification according to summed minutes of PA per week. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and HF-related hospitalizations. Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were applied. Results The final cohort comprised 367,934 individuals, with a mean age of 56.6±8.2 years and 47% male. Among them, 3,427 (0.9%) developed new-onset LBBB, characterized by advanced age, male predominance, and higher rates of comorbidities. Median summed PA minutes per week were 100 (IQR: 125-180), with no significant difference between normal QRS and LBBB patients. Over a median follow-up of 13.8 years (IQR: 13-14.5), 26,304 patients (7.15%) died. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed higher mortality risk with reduced PA level and/or LBBB (log-rank p&amp;lt;0.001 for both). Multivariate Cox analysis adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities showed LBBB patients had over 3.5-fold increased risk of death (HR 3.67, 95% CI 3.39-3.97, p&amp;lt;0.001) compared to normal QRS. The association of LBBB with mortality was modified by weekly PA minutes; those with &amp;lt;150 minutes had nearly 40% higher risk compared to those with ≥150 minutes (HR 3.78, 95% CI 3.43–4.15, p&amp;lt;0.001; HR 3.4, 95% CI 2.93–3.95, p&amp;lt;0.001; p for interaction=0.035). The protective effect of PA was 6% among normal QRS patients, compared to 22% among individuals with LBBB (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.91 – 0.96, p&amp;lt;0.001 vs. HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.66 – 0.93, p=0.004). Similar findings were observed for HF hospitalizations. Conclusions Although the correlation between LBBB and adverse cardiovascular outcomes remained consistent across both levels of physical activity (PA), it was more pronounced among patients with low PA levels. When assessing the risk in patients with newly diagnosed LBBB, particular attention should be directed towards their PA status.

Factors associated with the consumption of ultra-processed among Brazilian and Portuguese pregnant

Abstract Considering the recent evidence about the negative effect of the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) on current and future generations, and pointing to the development of public food policies adapted to the needs of pregnant women, it is important to identify the factors associated with high consumption of UPF. Cross-sectional comparative study that used data from: 1) a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted with pregnant women treated at Health Units in a city in São Paulo (n = 350), Brazil; and 2) the National Dietary and Physical Activity Survey 2015-2016, Portuguese pregnant women (n = 226). Two 24-hour recall surveys were collected. The UPF were classified according to the Nova. Usual consumption was estimated using the Multiple Source Method software. The percentage of energy coming from UPF was calculated using the mean (±SD) and 95%CI. Adjusted and crude linear regression models were used. The analysis were conducted in SPSS (version 21), considering p &amp;lt; 0.05 as significant. The average age of the total sample was 29.4(±6.3) years and the BMI corresponded to 27.8(±3.4)kg/m². The average daily energy consumption from UPF among Brazilian pregnant women was 449.6(±207.6) kcal, representing 24.2(±8.8)% of the total energy consumed on a usual day; among Portuguese women the average corresponded to 484.2(±242.4)kcal and 22.3(9.3)%, respectively. In crude and adjusted linear regression models, the participation of UPF in total energy was higher among single Brazilian pregnant women compared to married women (3.2[0.8-5.5]p=0.009); Among Portuguese women, an inverse relationship was observed between weekly physical activity (PA) ≥150 minutes and UPF energy consumption (-3.2[-6.0 - -0.3]p= 0, 03). In the studied pregnant women, results showed that being single and practicing less than 150 minutes of PA weekly were factors associated with greater consumption of UPF, characterizing a priority group to receive nutritional interventions during prenatal care. Key messages • Public policies and strategies to reduce the consumption of ultra-processed foods during pregnancy. • Promotion of healthy lifestyle habits and impact on current and future health.

The influence of assistance in home-based exercise programmes for individuals with intellectual disabilities.

Regular physical activity (PA) decreases the risk of comorbidities associated with a sedentary lifestyle in individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs). They also may experience additional barriers that may prevent PA, including access, proper instruction and support. At-home PA programming is a feasible alternative to long-term adherence. This study aimed to determine (1) how an at-home DVD programme affects PA adherence and (2) the extent to which caregiver support influences PA. Thirty-one adolescent or adult-aged participants with mild or moderate ID were randomised into a DVD or control group exercise intervention. Participants were given autonomy to choose what type of PA modality from the intervention they would like to participate in. Caregiver support during the PA was also measured. The two-way repeated-measures MANOVA demonstrated that the intervention DVD group was statistically significant, with a large effect size in PA minutes (P=0.014, ηP2=0.236) and rate of perceived exertion (P=0.002, ηP2=0.342) compared with the control group. The findings demonstrated that using an adapted DVD increased PA minutes and the rate of perceived exertion without high levels of caregiver support.

Sex Differences in Indicators of Mental and Cardiovascular Health in Cannabis-Using Undergraduates

This study investigated sex differences in indicators of mental health (anxiety, depression) and cardiovascular health (e.g., physical activity levels, heart rate, VO2 max) in a sample of cannabis-using undergraduates. The sample included 209 participants (65% female) who completed two daily diaries for 14 days on their mobile devices; half of whom ( n = 100) also wore a Fitbit Charge 4. Females (vs. males) reported significantly more psychological distress at baseline; greater use of cannabis to cope with symptoms of both physical and mental ill-health; and more risks to cardiovascular health. Discriminant function analysis revealed that the variables that significantly distinguished females from males were: 1. Lower VO2 max percentile; 2. Fewer “moderate-to-very active” minutes of physical activity; 3. Higher depression scores plus poorer perceptions of mental health and physical health. Findings from this study suggest that female emerging adults who use cannabis regularly may be uniquely vulnerable to cannabis-related risks.