Phthalocyanine Dichloride Research Articles

Cyclodextrins as nanocarriers of hydrophobic silicon phthalocyanine dichloride for the enhancement of photodynamic therapy effect.

In this study, silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiCl2Pc) was successfully encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and hydroxy-propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) using the kneading method. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) demonstrated complexes of various hydrodynamic diameters with moderate stability in aqueous solutions. Their structural characterization by Infrared Spectroscopy (FT- IR) indicated that a part of phthalocyanine is located inside the cyclodextrin cavity. Both photophysical and photochemical studies showed that phthalocyanine's encapsulation in cyclodextrins increased its aqueous solubility. The photodynamic studies against A431 cancer cell line indicated that the complexes are more effective than pure SiCl2Pc. Pure SiCl2Pc's photodynamic effect is characterized as dose-dependent, whereas both complexes presented a biphasic dose-response photodynamic effect. For the highest energy dose of 3.24J/cm2, pure SiCl2Pc induced mild cell toxicity. SiCl2Pc-β-CD complex was the most promising photosensitizer, exhibiting the highest photodynamic effect when irradiated at 2.16J/cm2.

Impact of transparent conducting substrates on structural and optical of Titanium(IV) phthalocyanine dichloride (TiPcCl2) thin films

This study investigates the impact of transparent conducting substrates, specifically indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), on the structural and optical characteristics of thermally evaporated Titanium phthalocyanine chloride (TiPcCl2) thin films. The crystalline structure of TiPcCl2/quartz thin films was verified by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns while amorphous phases were detected in TiPcCl2/ITO and TiPcCl2/FTO thin films. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images provided evidence that the morphology of TiPcCl2 thin films may be affected by a lattice mismatch between TiPcCl2 and substrates. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) also showed that the substrates did not change the molecular structure of TiPcCl2. UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy demonstrated that the substrates had a significant influence on the optical gap, optical constants, dielectric constant dielectric loss functions and optical conductivity of TiPcCl2 thin films. Lastly, the nonlinear susceptibility χ(3), the nonlinear refractive index n2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$${{\\varvec{n}}}_{2}$$\\end{document} and the nonlinear absorption coefficient β(c) for TiPcCl2/ITO, TiPcCl2/FTO, and TiPcCl2/quartz were obtained using a semi-empirical approach. The changes seen in optical properties could be due to changes in the crystal structure and morphology, which are closely connected to the properties of the substrate material. Overall, the results for TiPcCl2 thin films are promising, and they are appropriate for novel optoelectronic device applications.

Role of vacuum annealing on the structural, optical properties and Dc conductivity of titanium (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

The present work elucidates the significant alterations in several physical characteristics of thermally evaporated TiPcCl2 thin films resulting from vacuum annealing at 373 and 473 K. The structure, surface morphologies, and molecular structure of TiPcCl2 thin films were studied using x-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). Results confirmed nanostructure attributes of as-deposited and annealed films, as well as the phase transition in TiPcCl2 was observed during annealing. The optical constants of as-deposited and annealed films in the wavelength range of 200–2500 nm were determined using spectrophotometric techniques. The indirect optical energy gap was observed to diminish with increasing annealing temperature due to enhanced crystallinity of thin films. Using the single oscillator model, the dispersion of the refractive index at normal dispersion was investigated. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility, χ(3), the nonlinear refractive index n2 and the nonlinear absorption coefficient, βc, were calculated and then discussed for both the as-deposited and annealed films. The electrical conductivity of TiPcCl2 exhibited increased as the temperature increased, suggesting its characteristic as a conventional organic semiconductor. The parameters of Mott’s model were obtained and discussed under low-temperature conditions afterward. Conclusions derived from this research indicate that the unique properties of vacuum annealing TiPcCl2 have great promise for future use in optoelectronic systems.

X-ray irradiation-induced ligand cleavage of a phthalocyanine derivative, tin (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride: A potential for X-ray activation of caged compounds

The X-ray dissociation of tin (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride (SnCl2Pc) was investigated using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The photoemission spectra of SnCl2Pc after X-ray irradiation exhibited additional components assigned as chloride ions and tin (II) phthalocyanine, as well as decomposition products from the phthalocyanine framework, indicating that X-ray irradiation induced the release of chloride ions as ligands from SnCl2Pc. Although the ligand releases were caused not by a simple cleavage between Cl-Sn bonding but by accompanying the molecular framework destruction, these reactions may robustly facilitate a novel application of X-rays to activate caged compounds in tissues.

Comparing Singlet Oxygen Generation of Schiff Base Substituted Novel Silicon Phthalocyanines by Sonophotochemical and Photochemical Applications.

Although the sonophotodynamic method has an effective therapeutic outcome for anticancer treatment compared with the photodynamic method, there are not enough related studies in the literature and this study aims to contribute to the development of sonophotodynamic studies. For this purpose, the Schiff base substituted silicon phthalocyanines were designed and synthesized as effective sensitizer candidates and the photophysicochemical and sonophotochemical features of the phthalocyanines were examined to increase singlet oxygen efficiency. The calculated ΦΔ values indicate that the contribution of substituent groups improved the production of singlet oxygen compared with silicon (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCI2 ) and also the sonophotochemical applications increased the singlet oxygen yields. The ΦΔ values (ΦΔ =0.76 for axially bis-{4-[(E)-(pyridin-3-ylimino)methyl]phenol} substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine (2a), 0.68 for axially bis-4-[(E)-{[(pyridin-3-yl)methyl]imino}methyl]phenol substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine (2b) in photochemical study) reached to ΦΔ =0.98 for 2a, 0.94 for 2b in sonophotochemical study. This article will enrich the literature on increasing singlet oxygen yield.

Influence of the Coordinated Ligand on the Optical and Electrical Properties in Titanium Phthalocyanine-Based Active Films for Photovoltaics.

Tetravalent titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) and titanium phthalocyanine dichloride (TiCl2Pc) films were deposited via the high-vacuum thermal evaporation technique and subsequently structurally and morphologically characterized, to be later evaluated in terms of their optoelectronic behavior. The IR and UV-vis spectroscopy of the films displayed α- and β-phase signals in TiOPc and TiCl2Pc. Additionally, the UV-vis spectra displayed the B and Q bands in the near-UV region of 270-390 nm and in the visible region between 600 and 880 nm, respectively. The films presented the onset gap (~1.30 eV) and the optical gap (~2.85 eV). Photoluminescence emission bands at 400-600 nm and 800-950 nm are present for the films. One-layer ITO/TiCl2Pc or TiOPc/Ag and two-layer ITO/PEDOT:PSS/TiCl2Pc or TiOPc/Ag planar heterojunction devices with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) deposited by the spin-coating technique were constructed. In these devices, an electrical activation energy between 0.18 and 0.21 eV and a refractive index between 1.14 and 1.44 were obtained. The devices presented a change in the J-V curves for the illuminated and darkness conditions, as much as 1.5 × 102 A/cm2, related to the device architecture and phthalocyanine ligand. The latter indicates that the films should be used for optoelectronic applications.

Synthesis of axially Schiff base new substituted silicon phthalocyanines and investigation of photochemical and sono-photochemical properties

Sono-photodynamic therapy, which show a very high therapeutic effect compared to photodynamic therapy, is a newer method for anticancer treatments. However, unlike Photodynamic therapy (PDT), the number of studies measuring the efficiency of singlet oxygen for the Sono-photodynamic therapy (SPDT) method is quite insufficient in the literature. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesis novel axially substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanines containing imine groups with improved photochemical properties and then reported the efficiency of singlet oxygen by both of photochemical and sono-photochemical studies. According to the results, the substituent group increased the singlet oxygen yield of silicon (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride and the sono-photochemical effect increased the singlet oxygen yields (ΦΔ=0.35 for 2a, 0.69 for 2b in photochemical study, 0.78 for 2a, 0.97 for 2b in sono-photochemical study).This article may pave the way to achieve high singlet oxygen efficiency.

Novel silicon phthalocyanines with improved singlet oxygen generation by Sono-photochemical applications

Although it has been proven, that the SPDT method, which improves the low penetration disadvantage of PDT, significantly increases the singlet oxygen yield, the number of relevant studies in the literature is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to show the improved singlet oxygen generation using newly synthesized silicon (IV) phthalocyanines containing terminal fluoro, chloro, bromo-phenoxy moiety by sono-photochemical applications. While the calculated ΦΔ values were 0.41 for compound 1, 0.39 for compound 2, and 0.29 for compound 3 after photochemical applications, these values increased to 0.77 for compound 1, 0.74 for compound 2, and 0.65 for compound 3 after sono-photochemical applications. The results proved that the contribution of the substituents increased the therapeutic efficacy of silicon (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2), and the applied irradiation method also increased the singlet oxygen yield approximately-two times. This article will enrich the literature on increasing singlet oxygen yield.

Improved singlet oxygen generation of axially ruthenium(II) complex substituted silicon(IV) phthalocyanine by sono-photochemical studies

Sono-photodynamic study, which shows an exceedingly high therapeutic outcome compared to photodynamic study, is a new alternative method for the anticancer treatments. However there are not enough related studies in the literature. Therefore, this study initially aimed to design and synthesize ruthenium (II) complex substituted silicon phthalocyanine for a suitable sono-photosensitizer and then to increase singlet oxygen production using sono-photochemical studies. The results showed that the substituent group improved the generation of singlet oxygen quantum yield of silicon (IV) phthalocyanine dichloride, and also the sono-photochemical method increased the yield approximately two times (ΦΔ=0.38 in photochemical study, 0.66 in sono-photochemical study). This article will pave the way for studies that seek to improve sono-photochemical properties.

Elucidating the reactivity and nature of active sites for tin phthalocyanine during CO2 reduction

AbstractImmobilized tin phthalocyanine dichloride (SnPcCl2) was prepared by refluxing SnPcCl2 and hydroxyl‐functionalized carbon nanotubes in DMF with the addition of triethylamine, which exhibited minimal aggregation and approximately 2–3 folds improvement in activity towards CO2 electroreduction compared to the physically mixed SnPcCl2/CNT hybrid. Cyclic voltammetry analysis and in situ UV‐vis spectra revealed that metallic tin is the active site for CO2 electroreduction, and the redox behavior of Sn0 is affected by the adjacent demetallized macrocycles. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Thermal Analysis, Dielectric Response and Electrical Conductivity of Silicon Phthalocyanine Dichloride (SiPcCl2) Thin Films

This research is a detailed examination of the effect of post-annealing on the structure and electrical conductivity of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) thin films. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) is used to determine the temperature limit of thermal stability for a sample of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2). The results of differential thermal analysis (DTA) proved that silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) is thermally stable up to 415 K. The dielectric behavior and the electrical conductivity of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) thin films were investigated under a temperature effect from 303 K to 383 K and a frequency from 200 Hz to 20 MHz. The frequency and temperature dependence of dielectric loss and dielectric constant values were explained in terms of dielectric polarization theory. The alternative current (AC) conductivity response toward the frequency change obeys Jonscher’s power law. The correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model is utilized and adapted to fit the conduction mechanism in the high- and low-frequency regions. Both the complex electric modulus and the impedance formalisms are used to illustrate the dielectric characteristics of the silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2). The potential height value of the hopping barrier, Wm, and activation energy value, Eac, for dielectric relaxation were determined.

Silicon Phthalocyanine Modified Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes As a Novel Metal-Free Catalyst for the Oxygen Electroreduction

Finding an alternative catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) has been a key issue in modern electrocatalysis. Traditional platinum-based catalysts are not viable in the long term and thus much effort has been focused on non-precious metal catalysts. Heteroatom doped and metal-heteroatom co-doped carbon materials have emerged as the main candidate for replacing the platinum-based catalysts. Different MN4 macrocycles, such as metal phthalocyanines and porphyrins, have been studied as promising materials to prepare electrocatalysts for ORR in alkaline media [1]. While the development of non-precious metal and non-metal carbon catalysts has gained a lot of attention recently, non-metal phthalocyanines are a less studied topic [2].In this work a novel catalyst material including multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) was synthesised and the electrochemical activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in alkaline media was studied. Different ratios of phthalocyanine-to-nanotubes were pyrolysed at 800 °C. After optimising the ratio of phthalocyanine-to-nanotubes, the pyrolysis process was also carried out at different temperatures, but the results showed that the best temperature for pyrolysis is still 800 °C. ORR activity on SiPc/MWCNT catalyst was studied in 0.1 M KOH by employing rotating disc electrode method. Physical characterisation was carried out with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed successful incorporation of silicon and nitrogen into the carbon framework. We show that doping MWCNTs with a non-metal phthalocyanine creates a highly active ORR catalyst rivaling the activity of metal-based catalysts in alkaline conditions. This work clearly demonstrates that non-metal macrocyclic compound modified carbons, similar to the the SiPc/MWCNT can be used as alternative cathode catalysts for the metal-air batteries and alkaline membrane fuel cells.[1] Y. Liu, X. Yue, K. Li, J. Qiao, D.P. Wilkinson, J. Zhang, PEM fuel cell electrocatalysts based on transition metal macrocyclic compounds, Coord Chem Rev. 315 (2016) 153-177.[2] K.-K. Türk, K. Kaare, I. Kruusenberg, M. Merisalu, U. Joost, L. Matisen, V. Sammelselg, J.H. Zagal, K. Tammeveski, Oxygen electroreduction on zinc and dilithium phthalocyanine modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes in alkaline media, J. Electrochem. Soc. 164 (2017) H338-H344.

UV- Irradiation Induced Changes in Structural and Optical Characterization of Silicon Phthalocyanine Dichloride (SiPcCl2) Thin Films

In the current study, novel deposited SiPcCl2 thin films as organic semiconductor were experimentally investigated. The films were prepared using thermal evaporation technique on substrates of glass and quartz materials and then exposed to UV-irradiation from 60 min to 350 min. The molecular chemical composition of SiPcCl2 in powder form, as-deposited and ultraviolet irradiated films were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared technique (FT-IR). The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the amorphous structure for deposited and UV-irradiated films. Furthermore, the indirect allowed transition with optical gap, Eopt. of 1.77 eV was reduced to 1.65 eV by exposing to ultraviolet rays for 350 min. Some of the significant optical parameters for as-deposited film such as: molar extinction coefficient, (ξmolar = 7430 mol/cm), strength of electronic dipole (q2 = 0.35A2) and strength of oscillator (f = 0.20) of the optical transitions have been estimated and also for irradiated films.

Fabrication, carrier transport mechanisms and photovoltaic properties of Au/silicon phthalocyanine dichloride/p-Si/Al heterojunction device

This research paper aims to study the carrier transport mechanisms and photovoltaic properties of the SiPcCl2 thin film. To achieve this, Au/silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2)/p-Si/Al heterojunction device was prepared. The heterojunction microelectronic parameters such as ideality factor, m and reverse current Is were estimated at room temperature and found to be 6.77 and 408 nA respectively. The series resistance Rs of the fabricated device was also calculated. Two mechanisms were deduced in SiPcCl2/p-Si according to the voltage range. The results revealed that the height of effective barrier $$\varphi_{bi}$$ is clearly increased from 0.71 to 0.80 eV. Moreover, the photovoltaic properties of Au/SiPcCl2/p-Si/Al cell were studied under illumination such as the short circuit current, Isc, open circuit voltage, Voc, maximum current IM, maximum voltage, VM, filling factor FF and power conversion efficiency, η were measured to be 0.59 mA, 0.47 V, 0.44 mA, and 0.24 V, 0.40 and 3.7% respectively. The topographical properties of the SiPcCl2 thin film deposited on the flat glass substrate were investigated using atomic force microscope method.

Structural characterization and optical parameter of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride thin films dependence with gamma ray radiation

Silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) thin films was prepared using thermal evaporation technique. The optical and structural properties of the films were examined before and after gamma irradiation process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) investigated the structure of SiPcCl2. Moreover, optical properties were studied before and after irradiation. The optical band gap decreased from 2.44 eV to 2.09 eV after irradiation with 5 KGy. The dispersion parameters like the infinity ε∞, lattice εL dielectric constants, dispersion energy Ed, the ratio of carrier concentration to the effective mass N/m*, oscillator energy Eo were evaluated. Furthermore, the relation of volume energy loss functions VELF, the surface energy loss functions SELF, the real part ε1 and imaginary part ε2 of the dielectric constant with photon energy, hυ was analyzed.

An OTFT based on titanium phthalocyanine dichloride: A new p-type organic semiconductor

A p-type organic thin film transistor (OTFT) was fabricated based on an axially-substituted phthalocyanine (titanium phthalocyanine dichloride: TiCl2Pc). Molecular energies and atomic charge distributions of a series of axially-substituted metal phthalocyanines were studied using measurements of their electrochemical properties and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, respectively. Based on these measurements, the relationship between the charge carrier transport types of the phthalocyanines in OTFTs and their substituted groups (metal and axial ligands) are discussed. The axially-substituted electron-withdrawing groups can effectively lower the LUMO energy and increase the charge separation, contributing to the realization of n-type behavior, e.g. in SnCl2Pc. The electronegativity of the metal also affects the LUMO energies and charge distributions, such that TiCl2Pc is a p-type semiconductor.

Thermal annealing effect on the structural and optical characteristics of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride thin films

The crystal structure of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SiPcCl2 powder was polycrystalline and transformed to an amorphous form for pristine and annealed thin films. The prepared films were annealed at 363 K, 403 K, 543 K and 493 K for 2 h in a drying oven. The optical characteristics of these films were studied under normal light incidence in wavelength range from 190 to 2500 nm using spectrophotometry technique. The electronic transition type is an indirect allowed transition with optical and onset energy gaps of 1.92 eV and 1.25 eV, respectively. As the temperature rised, the defects gradually disappeared and the localized density of states tended to decrease; thus, the optical energy gap increased. The annealing effect on optical parameters, such as the real (ε1) and imaginary (ε2) parts of the dielectric constant, the volume energy loss function (VELF) and the surface energy loss function (SELF), was studied. The ratio between the free charge carrier concentration and the effective mass (N/m*), the lattice dielectric constant (εL), the infinite frequency dielectric constant (ε∞), the oscillator energy (Eo) and the dispersion energy (Ed) were calculated before and after thermal annealing.

Organic photovoltaic integrator with three complementary absorption bands to enhance efficiency

The spectrum of 400 to 1100 nm sunlight can be divided into three bands, each absorbed by organic photovoltaic devices that are particularly efficient under the band in question, to achieve higher photoelectric conversion efficiency. The three bands are the absorption bands of fullerene (C70), chloroaluminum phthalocyanine (ClAlPc), and tin naphthalocyanine dichloride (SnNcCl2), which have peak values of 500, 731, and 863 nm, respectively. C70 is a well-known acceptor, whereas ClAlPc and SnNcCl2 serve as donors. In combination with another donor made of 4,4’-cyclohexylidenebis[N,N-bis(4-methylphenyl)benzenamine] (TAPC), which is almost transparent in 400 to 1100 nm, three devices were fabricated and had active layers of TAPC : C70, ClAlPc : C70, and SnNcCl2 : C70. After the doping proportions of these materials had been optimized, the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of the three devices were 4.52%, 4.3%, and 1.33%, respectively. The properties of donor material dominated the differences among these device behaviors. Subsequently, the overall PCE of a simulated multiple reflection module was calculated using these three devices, which, depending on the arranged sequence in which they were exposed to light and reflected the light to another, generated different absorption spectrum and thus influenced the overall PCE of the photovoltaic integrator. The highest overall simulated and experimental PCE of the photovoltaic integrator was 6.12% and 5.9%, respectively.

Synthesis, structural characterization, and investigation on photophysical and photochemical features of new metallophthalocyanines

In this report, the 3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10-dodecatrien-1-ol group was substituted to the peripheral positions of the phthalocyanine macrocycle for obtaining copper (II) 4, cobalt (II) 5 and zinc (II) 6 phthalocyanine derivatives starting from the phthalonitrile derivative 3. This group was also axially substituted to the silicon (IV) phthalocyanine for the synthesis of silicon(IV) phthalocyanine 8 starting from silicon(IV) phthalocyanine dichloride 7 (SiPcCl2). The newly synthesized phthalocyanines 4–6 and 8 exhibited good solubility in tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, CH2Cl2, N,N-dimethylformamide, diethyl ether, CHCl3, ethyl alcohol, DMSO, and acetonitrile. The novel compounds were structurally characterized by LC-MS/MS (for the phthalonitrile derivative 3), 1H NMR (for the compounds 3, 6 and 8), 13C NMR (for the compound 3), FT–IR, elemental analysis, UV–Vis spectroscopy (for phthalocyanines) and MALDI–TOF mass spectral data (for phthalocyanines). The aggregation behavior, photophysical and photochemical properties such as fluorescence lifetime and quantum yields, singlet oxygen and photodegradation quantum yields of 6 and 8 were explored in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) to the determination of the potential use of these novel phthalocyanines as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) applications. The newly synthesized zinc(II) phthalocyanine (6) showed high singlet oxygen generation in DMSO when compared to unsubstituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine that used the standard. The studied phthalocyanine complexes 6 and 8 exhibited moderate degradation under light irradiation. These results indicate that the studied phthalocyanines 6 and 8 can be a candidate as photosensitizers for PDT.

Axially phenoxy-derivative disubstituted phthalocyanine: synthesis, characterization and photophysical properties

We report the highly soluble axially disubstituted 4-(methoxymethyl) phenol silicon (IV) (1) phthalocyanine which was synthesized by the reaction of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride (SiPcCl2) with 4-(methoxymethyl)phenol. UV–Vis, FT-IR, 1H, 13C, NMR and mass spectrometry were used to characterize SiPc (1). Fluorescence quantum yield (spectral and photophysical) characteristics of SiPc (1) were investigated for various solvents. The obtained spectral and photophysical results indicated that the fluorescence quantum yields (ΦF) of SiPc (1) are both lower than unsubstituted ZnPc and SiPcCl2 in the solvents used which is not typical of silicon-phthalocyanines. The effects on optoelectronic and spectral properties of SiPc (1) of solvents and concentrations were investigated in detail. We obtained absorption band edge, maximum peak of absorbance, molar and mass extinction coefficients, refractive index, optical band gap, optical and electrical conductance of SiPc (1) for different solvents and concentrations. We obtained the refractive index values of SiPc (1) with many relationships. Also, we investigated the angles of incidence and refraction of SiPc (1). SiPc (1) exhibited semiconductor behavior in terms of optical band gap and can be used for photonic applications.