Photoluminescence Of Sm3 Research Articles

High magnetic susceptibility-based vanadate tellurite glasses for magneto-optical device applications

Tellurite glasses modified with V2O5, Fe2O3, and Na2O (TVFN), along with Sm3+-doped Gd2O3 and Sb2O3 based tellurite (TVGSNSm) glasses evaluated for various properties. The thermal stability of these glasses, with a critical value of 105 °C advantageous to luminescence. Fourier transform infrared and micro-Raman bands were identified at 669, 745, 859, 943, and 1003 cm−1 in the deconvolution. Electron spin resonance revealed a signal at a magnetic field of 340.75 mT (g = 1.77). The magnetic hysteresis of TVFN glasses from a vibrating sample magnetometer which possess coercivity 62 mT and remanence 1.5х10−2 Am2/kg with a saturation magnetization 0.1975 A m2/kg and magnetic susceptibility as high as 0.1328. The magnetic nature confirmed by superconducting quantum interference device. Photoluminescence of Sm3+-doped TVGSNSm glasses excited by 408 nm showed 646 nm (red-orange) dominated emission band over the 603 nm band. These findings underscore the potential of TVFN glasses for applications in magneto-optical devices.

Photoluminescence of Sm3+ and Eu3+ co-doped La2O3–Ga2O3 glasses fabricated by an aerodynamic levitation furnace

A series of transparent (1-y)La2O3–Ga2O3-ySm2O3-xEu2O3 (where x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14, and y = 0, 0.04) were successfully synthesized using a containerless solidification process. Co-doping with Sm3+ and Eu3+ enhanced the energy absorption of Eu3+, notably improving the characteristic emission peak 5D0-7F2 of Eu3+. The peak emission intensity for y = 0.04 was observed at x = 0.08, attributable to the concentration quenching of Eu3+ ions. As the concentration of Eu3+ increased, the energy transfer effect on emission intensity diminished. Attributed to the energy transfer between Sm3+ and Eu3+, Sm3+ may primarily serve as the sensitizer, and Eu3+ as the activator. According to the Dexter theory, which suggests that the interaction between activator ions and their adjacent ions is the primary mechanism of energy transfer and quenching among Eu3+ ions and adjacent ions, an increase in Eu3+ concentration leads to a decrease in the distance between Eu3+ and adjacent ions, strengthening their interaction, and potentially inducing concentration quenching. Furthermore, with an increase in Eu3+ concentration, the CIE chromaticity coordinates for the samples co-doped with Sm3+ and Eu3+ shifted significantly, enhancing the color purity of the emitted light and bringing it closer to the NTSC color standard coordinates (0.67, 0.33).

Photoluminescence of Sm3+ ions in Au-doped plasmonic and dichroic phosphate glass

Photoluminescence of Sm3+ ions in Au-doped plasmonic and dichroic phosphate glass

Multivariable oxygen sensing based on photoluminescence and photoconductivity of TiO2 nanoparticles

We studied sol-gel-prepared crystalline (anatase) TiO2 nanopowder coatings, exhibiting simultaneously three different oxygen-sensitive signals under ultraviolet illumination: photoconductivity, photoluminescence of intrinsic defects, and photoluminescence of Sm3+ impurity ions. The material was subjected to a flow of O2/N2 gas mixture at normal pressure, where the volume fraction of oxygen was precisely controlled. All three signals responded to changes in oxygen content but also exhibited long-term drifts. The signals were fused by a multivariable model, which related the logarithm of oxygen concentration to a polynomial composed of signal logarithms. Extensive testing by the ordinary least squares optimization with randomly generated O2 concentrations was used for training the model. It was demonstrated that the intrinsic luminescence in combination with one of the remaining two signals suppressed the drifts and significantly improved the precision in predicting the actual oxygen levels. The rms errors were improved by five times in the experiments where the oxygen concentration was randomly varied between 0.21% and 21% during two days. The combination of photoconductivity and Sm3+ luminescence resulted in somewhat smaller improvement (2–3 times), because of the mutual dependence of these two signals caused by similarities in the underlying physical mechanisms.

Biocompatibility and photoluminescence of Sm3+-doped SiO2-Gd2O3: A promising non-toxic red phosphor to plasmatic membrane tracking

Sm3+ doped SiO2-Gd2O3 composites were obtained by a sol-gel process, and the ideal percentage of Sm3+ was evaluated for bioimaging applications. By XRD, a formation of Gd2O3 cubic materials was observed, and TEM shows that Gd2O3 particles are dispersed in a SiO2 lattice. PLE spectra confirm the main absorption bands in the UV region and emission shows the most efficient excitation at 275nm. PL results reveal the incorporation of Sm3+ in Gd2O3 structures and lead to the understanding of the efficient energy transfer between Gd3+ and Sm3+ in the materials. The mechanism is proposed and discussed. CIE plotting shows color coordinates in the orange and red regions, mainly dependent on the excitation source. Sm3+ positions in Gd2O3 are discussed using the results obtained in the emission spectra. Materials presented high lifetime values, between 1.53 and 1.82ms. The phosphors show tunability properties and better performance as red phosphors when excited at 275nm. Cell viability was performed and the material is non-toxic. The materials were evaluated as biological markers, and present fluorescence under rhodamine emission filters. SiO2-Gd2O3:Sm3+ demonstrates a good viability index and co-localizes with membrane cell markers, showing a promising material for cell tracking. The material also demonstrates potential for cancer targeting.

Photoacoustic and photoluminescence studies on ThO2:Sm3+

Nanocrystalline ThO2:Sm3+ was synthesized using wet-chemical route and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoacoustic (PA) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. PA absorptions of Sm3+ doped samples are found to be quite weak as compared to Nd3+, while PL of Sm3+ was intense. As the energy gap between lowest luminescent levels and highest non-luminescent level in samarium ion is around 7000 cm−1; it is highly fluorescing compared to Nd3+ which has close by levels. Through photoacoustic data it was pointed out that large covalent character exists in ThO2:Nd3+ compared to ThO2:Sm3+.

Effect of ZnS nanoparticles on the photoluminescence of Sm3+ ions in methanol

ZnS nanoparticles co-doped with Sm3+ ions were prepared in methanol medium for fixed Sm3+ and varying ZnS concentrations. Enhancements in absorption as well as photoluminescence efficiency of the co-doped samples were observed. This enhanced efficiency is attributed to the effective increase in oscillator strengths of the Sm3+ transitions because of the addition of ZnS nanoparticles.

Preparation and Photoluminescence of Sm (3+) Doped YAlO 3 Phosphor.

YAlO3: Sm(3+) phosphor has been synthesized by the solid state reaction method with calcium flouride used as a flux. The resulting YAlO3: Sm(3+) phosphor was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence . . PL excitation spectrum was found at 254,332,380,400,407, 603 and 713nm. Under excitation of UV(713nm) YAlO3: Sm(3+) (0-3%) broad band emission were observed from 400 to 790nm with a maximum around 713nm of YAlO3 host lattice accompanied by weak emission of Sm(3+) ((4)G5/2 - (6)H5/2, (6)H7/2,(6)H9/2) transitions. The results of the XRD show that obtained YAlO3: Sm(3+) phosphor has a orthorhombic structure. The study suggested that Sm(3+) doped phosphors are potential luminescence material for laser diode pumping and inorganic scintillators.

Photoluminescence of Sm3+ doped ZrO2 coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation of zirconium

In this paper, we have investigated photoluminescence (PL) of Sm3+ doped ZrO2 coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) of zirconium in electrolyte containing Sm2O3 powder. Obtained PL emission spectra feature two distinct regions. The first region is related to ZrO2 PL band with maximum positioned at about 490nm, while the second region in the orange-red part of the spectrum shows four sharp emission bands which are related to f–f transitions of Sm3+ from excited level 4G5/2 to the lover levels 6HJ (J=5/2, 7/2, 9/2, and 11/2). Increase of PL with time is related to increase of oxygen vacancy defects and the content of Sm3+ in the coatings formed during the process.

Preparation, characterization and photoluminescence of Sm3+ doped NaGdF4 nanoparticles

A series of NaGdF4:Sm3+ nanoparticles have been prepared with a facile hydrothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM), and the photoluminescence (PL) spectra method. XRD results indicate that all the diffraction peaks of the samples can be well indexed to the hexagonal β-phase of NaGdF4. SEM images demonstrate the gradual increase in particle size of the samples with increasing Sm3+ concentration, which suggests the fluxing effect of Sm3+ doping. The luminescent properties in the excitation, emission and time-resolved spectra were studied and analyzed. The strongest emission peaks located around 594nm is originated from 4G5/2→6H7/2 transition of Sm3+, while the peaks centered at about 560, 640, and 704nm are from 4G5/2→6H5/2, 6H9/2, 6H11/2 transitions, respectively. The photoluminescence intensity firstly increases with increasing Sm3+ concentration, maximizes at 5.0mol%, and then decreases due to the competition between concentration quenching and the enhancement in crystallinity of the samples. This is supported by the lifetime decay studies. The decay lifetime data follow the bi-exponential nature. The as-prepared NaGdF4:Sm3+ nanoparticles may be useful in the display devices.

Plasmonic effect of silver nanoparticles on the upconversion emissions of Sm3+-doped sodium-borosilicate glass

The effect of the localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) on optical absorption and photoluminescence of Sm3+-doped sodium borosilicate glass containing reduced silver nanoparticles (NPs) is reported (Ag+→Ag0). The interaction of ultraviolet light by metallic NPs and its effect on the optical properties of samarium in proposed glass were investigated by absorption and photoluminescence spectra analysis. The existence of the NPs was pursued by transmission electron microscopy technique, revealing the existence of Ag NPs with average size of ∼8–14nm. The largest enhancement was achieved for emission at 561nm. Such improvements were attributed and discussed by enhanced electric field around metallic NPs and energy transfer (ET) between Sm3+ ions and silver NPs.

Site occupancy and photoluminescence of Sm^3+ in KSr_4(BO_3)_3:Sm^3+ phosphors

The phosphors of Sm3+ activated KSr4(BO3)3 are synthesized through a solid state reaction. The site occupancy of Sm3+ in KSr4(BO3)3:Sm3+ was studied by Rietveld analysis of the X-ray powder diffraction patterns. Sm3+ ions are inclined to occupy 8c (Sr2) and 4a (Sr3) sites in the structure of KSr4(BO3)3 according to the refinement results. The luminescence properties of Sm3+ activated KSr4(BO3)3 have been investigated and strong reddish orange emitting color is found. The phenomenon of concentration quenching can be observed with the increasing of Sm3+ concentration. The nonradiative concentration quenching among two nearest Sm3+ centers occurs via electric multipolar interactions based on the Dexter theory. Fluorescence lifetime of KSr4(BO3)3:Sm3+ is 0.69, 0.74, 0.70, and 0.69 ms for the transition of 4G5/2 to 6HJ (J = 5/2, 7/2, 9/2, 11/2) respectively and the critical distance is 17.6 A.

Effect of lithium doping on the photoluminescence of Sm:ZnO powders

ZnO co-doped with 2 at.% Sm and different Li concentration (0–7 at.%) powders were fabricated by the sol–gel method with 700 °C annealing. The effect of Li doping concentration on the structure and photoluminescence (PL) of ZnO powders doped with 2 at.% Sm was investigated. Based on the balance of structure and valence, with the help of Li doping (1, 2 at.%) into ZnO powders doped with 2 at.% Sm, Sm3+ ions enter ZnO crystal lattice and induce the characteristic Sm3+ emission peaks by the ultra-violet (UV) excitation (278 nm). Especially, when the Li doping concentration is 2 at.%, the sample has the most efficient Sm characteristic emission line. However, Li will hinder the substitution of zinc location by Sm3+ when the Li doping concentration is above 3 at.%, which results in the disappearance of the characteristic samarium emission lines.

Photophysical Properties of Ternary RE3+ (RE = Eu, Tb, Sm) Hybrids with β-Diketone Functionalized Linkages and 4-(4-nitrostyryl)pyridine Though Coordination Bonding

In this paper, the organic ligands TTA and TAA are grafted onto the coupling agent to achieve the organic precursors (TTA-Si, TAA-Si) as first ligand and the organic 4-(4-nitrostyryl)pyridine (Nspy) is synthesized as the second ligand. Both of them are coordinated to the rare ions with the carbonyl group and nitrogen atom respectively. After the hydrolysis and copolycondensation between the teraethoxysilane (TEOS) and the ternary rare earth organic complex via the sol-gel process, the chemical bonded hybrid materials are constructed and characterized in detail. The obtained hybrid materials present superior thermal stabilities and regular and homogenous square blocks microstructure. Among the hybrids Eu(TTA-Si)(3)Nspy shows a more strong characteristic emission and longer lifetime than the hybrids Eu(TAA-Si)(3)Nspy, while hybrids Tb(TAA-Si)(3)Nspy exhibits the stronger characteristic emission and longer lifetime than the hybrids Tb(TTA-Si)(3)Nspy. For Sm(3+) hybrid materials, the photoluminescence of Sm(TAA-Si)(3)Nspy is too weak to find in the characteristic emission spectra, meanwhile, Sm(TTA-Si)(3)Nspy has the excellent luminescent intensity.

Photoluminescence of Sm 3+, Dy 3+, and Tm 3+-doped transparent glass ceramics containing CaF 2 nanocrystals

Photoluminescence properties of Sm 3+, Dy 3+, and Tm 3+-doped transparent oxyfluoride silicate glass ceramics containing CaF 2 nanocrystals were reported. Emission bands of 4G 5/2 → 6H 5/2 (562 nm), 4G 5/2 → 6H 7/2 (598 nm), 4G 5/2 → 6H 9/2 (645 nm) and 4G 5/2 → 6H 11/2 (706 nm) for the Sm 3+: glass and glass ceramic, with an excitation at 6H 5/2 → 4F 7/2 (402 nm) have been recorded. Of them, 4G 5/2 → 6H 7/2 (598 nm) has shown a bright orange emission. With regard to the Dy 3+: glass, a bright fluorescent yellow emission at 575 nm ( 4F 9/2 → 6H 13/2) and blue emission at 481 nm ( 4F 9/2 → 6H 15/2) have been observed, apart from 662 nm ( 4F 9/2 → 6H 11/2) emission transition with an excitation at 386 nm ( 6H 15/2 → 4I 13/2 + 4F 7/2) wavelength. Emission bands of 1G 4 → 3F 4 (650 nm) and 1G 4 → 3H 5 (795 nm) transitions for the Tm 3+: glass and glass ceramic, with an excitation at 3H 6 → 1G 4 (467 nm) have been observed. Of them, 1G 4 → 3F 4 (650 nm) has shown bright red emission. Decay lifetime measurements were also carried out for all the observed Sm 3+, Dy 3+, and Tm 3+-doped glass and glass ceramic emission bands.

Citric Gel Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Sm3+ Doped and (Sm3+, Dy3+) Codoped Sr2CeO4 Phosphors

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Preparation and photoluminescence of Sm3+ and Eu3+ doped Lu2O3 phosphor

Sm3+/Eu3+ doped and co-doped Lu2O3 phosphors were prepared via a sol–gel combustion route using citric acid as the fuel. XRD analysis and FTIR spectra showed that the amorphous precursor crystallized in a cubic structure upon heating at 500°C. TEM images revealed that the particle size of the prepared powders was about 80nm. Intense reddish orange and red lights were detected at room temperature when the samples were exposed into UV or blue light excitation. Based on the emission spectra of Sm3+/Eu3+ doped and co-doped samples, the possible energy transfer process between Sm3+ and Eu3+ in this system was proposed.

Cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence of Sm n+ ( n=2,3) in oxide environments

Cathodoluminescence (CL) and photoluminescence (PL) of Sm n+ ( n=2,3) in crystalline, glassy SrB 4O 7, and polycrystalline SrSO 4, BaSO 4 were traced in order to distinguish between the valence state 2+ and 3+. Whereas PL selectively excites both valence states, Sm 3+ is preferentially seen by CL. Differences in measured spectra are most likely due to the effect of ionization of Sm 2+ to Sm 3+ by accelerated electrons and an energy transfer from the host to Sm 3+.

Chemiluminescence in the oxidation and photoluminescence of Sm and Eu bis- and tricyclopentadienyl compounds

Chemiluminescence in the oxidation and photoluminescence of Sm and Eu bis- and tricyclopentadienyl compounds