Photographic Research Methods Research Articles

Современные видеоспектральные компараторы для исследования документов

The article is devoted to an analytical review of the state and prospects of development of video spectral comparators intended for technical studies of documents. This equipment belongs to the spectrosonal television systems that allow obtaining images in various parts of the visible and near-infrared spectrum. Currently, television spectrosonal visualization is one of the methods of systematic study of documents and handwritten book monuments. The development of spectrosonal imaging is initially associated with photographic research methods. Television and optoelectronic devices made it possible to switch to a fundamentally new hardware base due to a number of advantages: contrast and spectral sensitivity, efficiency of image control and processing. Video spectral comparators are an example of such equipment which completely solves the main tasks related to technical examination of documents.

Specifics of fire damage to cotton clothing while shooting point-blank at a human torso simulator from a Fort-12RM pistol

This Article Purpose is to determine specifics of damage to cotton jer-sey, arising from a point-blank shot from a nickel-plated “Fort-12RM” pistol, equipped with .45 Rubber cartridges into dressed simulator of a human torso made of ballistic gel. For achieving this goal, 12 human torso simulators were made, dressed in cotton T-shirts, with the subsequent firing of shots using a nick-el-plated “Fort-12RM” pistol equipped with .45 Rubber cartridges. The shots were fired from a distance, closely followed by examination of damage to cloth-ing using photographic and microscopic research methods. Obtained data and their comparison with the previously obtained research results when the shots were fired at the clothing samples, fixed in the frame made it possible to identify important differences and for the first time describe the phenomenon of internal muzzle imprint mark and volumetric muzzle imprint mark; while describing the internal muzzle imprint mark, specific deposition of additional factors of the shot (namely, soot), reminiscent of a candle flame was found. In addition, a double marker phenomenon was observed around the input gunshot injury on the inves-tigated human torso simulator. Most of additional factors of the shot (in form of soot and dust particles of unburned gunpowder) were determined in wound channel. While carrying out the contact-diffusion method of research, small particles of nickel were determined around input fire damage to the simulator.
 The revealed differences require revision of the classical method of experimental shooting, while test samples of clothing are fixed in a frame or fixed in a similar way. An important stage in research formulation is to recreate the conditions as close as possible to real ones. The search for the most appropriate, efficient and simple method for carrying out such experiments is promising for ballistics

In Galleries and Beer Cans: Experimental Photography in Explorations of Northern Swedish Landscapes

AbstractThis visual essay reflexively explores experimental photographic research methods. Using cyanotypes, beer can cameras, maps, and exhibitions to make physical spaces and surfaces occupied by photography tangible, I show how these methods work with traditional anthropological approaches to orient us to how local place is represented, and how this visual critique connects with the ways landscape is experienced in contrast to historical national discourses. These methods were aimed at having a better understanding of local experiences and understandings of Northern landscapes in rural Sweden.

Forensic characteristics of damages to artificial leather caused by gunshots from a "Fort-17 R" pistol

Objective: to find out the features of artificial leather damages from different distances caused by a pistol «Fort-17 R».Material and methods. Shots are made from a gun "Fort-17 R" using ammunition "Viy" caliber 9 mm R.A. As a target, pieces of artificial leather substitute on a synthetic fabric basis were used. Subsequently, the targets were investigated under normal light, using photographic and microscopic research methods, unburned particles of gunpowder were detected by chemical reactions and microscopic investigation methods, and metallization of damage was studied using a contact-diffusion method of investigation.Results. The features of the contact shot with the use of the "Fort-17 R" pistol were identified, with the description of the stamp for this model. It was discovered that the limits of a close range shot for a gun "Fort-17 R" equipped with ammunition "Viy" caliber 9 mm R. A. are up to 100 cm.Conclusions. The research has allowed revealing features of the action of additional factors of a shot and morphology of damages to artificial leather caused by shots from a pistol "Fort-17 R" for a contact, close and not close distances of shot.

Safe surgery control list: it is following a challenge, checklist of safe surgery: still a challenge, checklist of safe surgery: already um challenge

Objective: To describe the changes in the operating room practices with respect to the safe surgery checklist using photographic research methods. Methods: Qualitative study conducted by nursing technicians in an ambulatory surgical day case center in the city of Porto Alegre/RS - Brazil. Results: This study highlights the fact that the implementation of the safe surgery checklist needs monitoring and evaluation of its implementation in real time, in order to strengthen the culture of patient safety and prevent adverse events.

Case study: using participatory photographic methods for the prevention of medication errors.

To describe the experience of using participatory photographic research methods to engage nurses and researchers in a collaborative study to improve medication safety conditions, particularly in patients with feeding tubes in a nursing home for the elderly (NHE). This qualitative study was conducted in Brazil and proceeded in iterative phases of visual and textual data collection and analysis. Interviews, subsequent nurse-led photo-narrated walkabouts, and photo elicitation were used with nurses. The need to transform the work design and the workplace to improve medication safety and improving medication processes through effective communication was identified. Unsafe workforce is a challenge in achieving safe medication administration practices; and lack of a patient safety culture is a barrier for adaptive learning and growth. Our findings demonstrated the effectiveness of a restorative research approach for supporting nurses to study and act on medication safety.

Entangled belonging: Barcelona-to-Melbourne professional transient migrants

Abstract The economic crisis in Europe has generated a context of increasing uncertainty along with new forms of globalization through a wave of migration from Europe to more thriving OECD economies, including Australia. This article examines how particular transnational senses of belonging are generated in this context through the example of how Catalan migrants generate what we refer to as an ‘entangled sense of belonging’ between Melbourne and Barcelona. In doing so, we draw on semi-structured interviews and photographic research methods undertaken with such migrants living in Melbourne. We argue that the transient nature of migration becomes contingent in this context. As such, it is not a measurable state or status, but something more qualitative and experiential, and therefore needs to be attended to through an approach that accounts for this.

Examining the differences between the use of wearable cameras and traditional cameras in research – a research note

Photographic images allow data to be captured from an alternative perspective. Traditional, manual cameras are the most common method of recording photographic data, however, innovative technology is changing the way in which photographs can be collected. Wearable cameras enable a vast amount of photographic images to be captured, automatically, without user interaction. It is often assumed that photographic research methods are used for a similar purpose, engage participants in a similar way and yield a similar outcome, however, there are various differences between the use of traditional, manual cameras and innovative, wearable cameras. This research note offers a unique contribution to the literature by highlighting the differences between the use of traditional, manual cameras and wearable, automatic cameras within research.

Applying an ecological restoration approach to study patient safety culture in an intensive care unit.

To gain an understanding of medication safety culture and other quality issues in a Brazilian intensive care unit using a restorative approach. Patient safety should be considered one of the pillars of quality in health care. Thus, patient safety culture is increasingly being explored as a guide for quality improvement efforts. A qualitative approach. Participatory photographic research methods from the field of ecological restoration were adapted in this study. This study used focus groups, then subsequent nurse-led photo-narrated walkabouts, and photo elicitation with 23 nurses and one physician in interactive phases of data collection and analysis over an eight-month timeframe. The core themes identified were: the 'medication system shapes patient safety' and the 'feeling of helplessness in the face of the prevailing organization culture'. Participants discussed supports exiting in the intensive care unit that shape medication safety, the barriers that impede safe medication management, the solutions to improve medication safety and the creation of a better medication safety culture. The methods used allowed participants to visualise sound practices as well as key safety issues, reflect on their day-to-day work, re-think potential improvements, and enact changes to improve medication safety and medication safety culture. However, the patient safety culture is also marked by administrative pressure. The hospital needs to adopt participatory management, where the health professionals can act together with the organisational leaders to promote a just culture. The participatory photographic research methods from the field of ecological restoration provided participants with a tool to promote patient safety culture and engage policy change dialogue. However, it will be important in future restorative research to track-specific safety outcomes over time to assess the cost-benefit of the adoption of participatory management models.

Reframing photographic research methods in Human Geography: a long-term reflection

This paper offers a long-term reflection on the introduction of a photographic research project into a third-year undergraduate Human Geography module. The findings indicate that, whilst the students valued the project, it did impact on their overall performance, their evaluation of the module and the ways in which they spoke about it. The paper complements other discussions of photographic research methods in Human Geography by confirming their popularity and value to students' learning but argues that their introduction requires planning and reflection to mitigate some of the unintended consequences noted here and to maximize their benefits.

Engaging nurses to strengthen medication safety: Fostering and capturing change with restorative photographic research methods.

We used participatory photographic research methods adapted from the field of ecological restoration to engage Brazilian intensive care unit nurses in a critical review of medication safety in their work environment. Using focus groups, practitioner-led photo walkabouts with photo narration, and photo elicitation focus groups in iterative phases of data collection and analysis, nurses developed and implemented several practical and cultural improvements for their unit. Participants focussed on organizing the medication room for efficient workflow and accessible supplies, improving reporting practices, and reconsidering how they could manage safety issues in their unit and in the hospital as a whole. Our results demonstrated that restorative photographic research methods enabled participants to (re)think and redesign their work environment in keeping with several recommended practices for improving medication management. It also validated the need for continuous evidence-informed improvements if nurses hope to optimize medication safety in the complex systems of intensive care.

Capturing Compassion through Photographic Methods

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the value that photographic research methods offer to the study of organizational compassion. We demonstrate this potential by first briefly reviewing the ...

The participation of vulnerable children in photographic research

This article explores the efficacy of using photographic participatory research methods among vulnerable groups, specifically vulnerable children and young people. Innovative methods, such as visual participatory techniques can help children who might otherwise be left out of research studies that could have important consequences for their lives, and the lives of their families. The reason for their omission from such studies lies precisely in their vulnerability – their lives are often difficult and painful and, in empirical terms, these children are hard to reach and often do not have the necessary verbal skills and confidence to take part in conventional qualitative methods that use, for example, interview techniques. Drawing on photographic research evidence from children and young people themselves, this article explores the ways in which the participation of children in visual research studies can help to transform children's life experiences.

Using Photographs to Research Organizations: Evidence, Considerations, and Application in a Field Study

Despite calls for more visual methodologies in organizational research, the use of photographs remains sparse. Organizational research could benefit from the inclusion of photographs to track contemporary change processes in an organization and change processes over time, as well as to incorporate diverse voices within organizations, to name a few advantages. To further understanding, the authors identify researcher choices related to the use of photographs in organizational research, clarify the advantages and disadvantages of these choices, and discuss ethical and other special considerations of the use of photographs. They highlight several organizational areas of research, primarily related to the management discipline, that could benefit from the inclusion of photographs. Finally, the authors describe how they used photographs in a study of one organization and specifically how their intended research design with photographs changed over the course of the study as well as how photographs helped to develop new theoretical insights. Photographic research methods represent a viable—but underleveraged—method that should be more fully incorporated in the methodological tool kit of organizational scholars.

Different Lenses for Studying Local Churches: A Critical Study of the Uses of Photographic Research Methods

Surprisingly, photography has rarely been used as a research method by those studying local churches, in spite of the fact that large numbers of photographs are taken in and around churches. This article discusses, with examples, a range of ways in which photography might appropriately be used in this context. It concludes that photographic research methods can potentially be used to good effect in the study of local churches. Both researcher-driven and more collaborative approaches deserve a place in the normal repertoire of methods for studying the local church. While visual research methods of this kind are unlikely to replace other types of research method, photographic research methods have the potential significantly to complement other methods, not least by empowering research subjects and viewers of research to produce or interrogate visual data themselves and thereby see the local church from a new perspective.

Strengthening access to restorative places: Findings from a participatory study on engaging with nature in the promotion of health

In this paper, we examine selected research findings from a community-based study on engaging with nature to promote health. Combining participatory photographic research methods with an iterative process of dialectical analysis, we explored nature-based health promotion with community citizens, practitioners, and decision-makers from various sectors to examine the complexities of connecting with natural outdoor places in local contexts. Participants identified an array of barriers to and opportunities for everyday access to restorative outdoor places. The findings suggest that inter-sectoral governance with active citizen engagement in research, decision-making, and action may be essential to develop the ecological citizenship and communal norms and strategies that promote the health of people and their shared restorative places.

Nursing Care and Patient Safety: Visualizing Medication Organization, Storage and Distribution with Photographic Research Methods

In this qualitative study, we adapted photographic research methods from earlier nursing research to identify factors related to organization, storage and distribution that could lead to errors in the selection, preparation and administration of medications. The research excerpt presented here was developed in a clinical unit of an urban Brazilian public hospital. The research participants were nurses working at that unit and students from the two final semesters of the Undergraduate Nursing Course. We collected digital photographs of the medication system and subsequently used photo elicitation to review the images with research participants, so as to obtain their perceptions and narratives of working with medications in the unit. We report selected findings here on the organization, storage and distribution of medications, which indicate there is room to improve the safety of the medication system.

Picture this: the use of participatory photographic research methods with people with learning disabilities

It has been argued that research that employs qualitative methods among vulnerable groups, such as people with learning disabilities, must reconcile the conflict between meeting recognized academic criteria, or measures of research ‘strength’, while at the same time appropriately and effectively representing the experiences and needs of vulnerable respondents. This article explores some of the tensions that lie within these objectives and looks at the use of more appropriate, participatory research methods, in this case photographic participation and elicitation techniques, as a way of including vulnerable respondents more effectively in social research studies.