Photographic Data Research Articles

"Instead of Building More Buildings, They Should Plant More Trees", a Photovoice Study of Determinants of Happiness and Sadness Among East London Adolescents.

Globally, mental health problems in adolescents, alongside associated morbidity and mortality, have never been higher. Local living, working and environmental conditions, socio-economics, and intra-individual and inter-individual processes impact mental health. The risk of developing mental health problems is higher in certain areas, including East London. However, limited research explores East London adolescents' experiences of mental health. An in-depth and locally situated understanding of determinants shaping East London adolescents' happiness and sadness is needed. This study used Photovoice, a qualitative method within a community-based participatory research methodology, to generate photographic and textual data, which was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. This method allows participants to be part of knowledge production and authors to present the data. Our findings underscore the bidirectional interplay between environmental factors and adolescents' happiness and sadness. Gratitude for nature was described as increasing happiness: adolescents connected to nature to memories, appreciation, and leisure opportunities. Adolescents were concerned about the fragility of nature in response to urban development. The urban environment was perceived as imposing, inspiring, and offering therapeutic benefits blighted by pollution. Beautiful areas were described as paradisical and lacking, revealing urban development and economic productivity disparities. Our research documents the voices of an under-researched group, revealing novel insights while empowering adolescents as co-producers of mental health research. This study indicates participatory research is valuable for granting adolescents autonomy and addressing misrepresentation. The findings implicate multiple stakeholders, including "Health in All Policies." By deepening our understanding of adolescent mental health in East London, our study can be leveraged to bolster the effectiveness and relevance of interventions for East London adolescents.

Study of the application of UAV and LiDAR to topographic survey of mountainous forest areas – Case study of Win 3 Wind Power Plant Project, Huong Hoa District, Quang Tri Province, Vietnam

Abstract Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology in conjunction with aerial photography and aerial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) was used for topographic surveying of the Win 3 Wind Power Project area, a complex mountainous terrain situated in the Huong Hoa district of Quang Tri province, Vietnam with the primary objective to produce a map with a scale of 1:1,000 with a contour interval of 1.0 m, accompanied by 3D point clouds, a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and an orthomosaic. Employing the UAV LiDAR system of DJI Matrice 300 RTK, we conduct ed survey flights, achieving a high point density laser scanning of 229 points/m2 and capturing ultra-high-resolution imagery at 4.22 cm/pixel. The integration of aerial LiDAR and photographic data results in a rich and detailed information repository regarding the surveyed terrain demonstrating that UAV LiDAR technology is a robust tool for geographic data collection, particularly in challenging terrain conditions in Vietnam. We also evaluated the accuracy of the created topographic map, achieving results that surpass the technical requirements and quality standards of the project. This underscores the potential and effectiveness of UAV LiDAR technology in the field of large-scale geographic data collection and mapping in Vietnam.

Global and Local Shear Behavior of the Frozen Soil–Concrete Interface: Effects of Temperature, Water Content, Normal Stress, and Shear Rate

The interface between soil and concrete in cold climates has a significant effect on the structural integrity of embedded structures, including piles, liners, and others. In this study, a novel temperature control system was employed to conduct direct shear tests on this interface. The test conditions included normal stress (25 to 100 kPa), temperature (ranging from 20 to −6 °C), water content (from 10 to 19%), and shear rates (0.1 to 1.2 mm/min). Simultaneously, the deformation process of the interface was continuously photographed using a modified visual shear box, and the non-uniform deformation mechanism of the interface was analyzed by combining digital image correlation (DIC) technology with the photographic data. The findings revealed that the shear stress–shear displacement curves did not exhibit a discernible peak strength at elevated temperatures, indicating deformation behavior characterized by strain hardening. In the frozen state, however, the deformation softened, and the interfacial ice bonding strength exhibited a positive correlation with decreasing temperature. When the initial water content was 16% and the normal stress was 100 kPa, the peak shear strength increased significantly from 99.9 kPa to 182.9 kPa as the test temperature dropped from 20 °C to −6 °C. Both shear rate and temperature were found to have a marked effect on the peak shear strength, with interface cohesion being the principal factor contributing to this phenomenon. At a shear rate of 0.1 mm/min, the curve showed hardening characteristics, but at other shear rates, the curves exhibited strain-softening behavior, with the softening becoming more pronounced as shear rates increased and temperatures decreased. Due to the refreezing of interfacial ice, the residual shear strength increased in proportion to the reduction in shear rate. On a mesoscopic level, it was evident that the displacement of soil particles near the interface exhibited more pronounced changes. At lower shear rates, the phenomenon of interfacial refreezing became apparent, as evidenced by the periodic changes in interfacial granular displacement at the interface.

DCV2I$\text{DCV}^2\text{I}$: Leveraging deep vision models to support geographers' visual interpretation in dune segmentation

AbstractVisual interpretation is extremely important in human geography as the primary technique for geographers to use photograph data in identifying, classifying, and quantifying geographic and topological objects or regions. However, it is also time‐consuming and requires overwhelming manual effort from professional geographers. This paper describes our interdisciplinary team's efforts in integrating computer vision models with geographers' visual image interpretation process to reduce their workload in interpreting images. Focusing on the dune segmentation task, we proposed an approach called featuring a deep dune segmentation model to identify dunes and label their ranges in an automated way. By developing a tool to connect our model with ArcGIS—one of the most popular workbenches for visual interpretation, geographers can further refine the automatically generated dune segmentation on images without learning any CV or deep learning techniques. Our approach thus realized a noninvasive change to geographers' visual interpretation routines, reducing their manual efforts while incurring minimal interruptions to their work routines and tools they are familiar with. Deployment with a leading Chinese geography research institution demonstrated the potential of in supporting geographers in researching and solving drylands desertification.

Exploring self-care and self-development practices among refugee adolescents through photos: An art-based participatory qualitative study

Introduction Photovoice and photo-elicitation are art-based participatory methods aiming to enable community members to create powerful visual representations to highlight the community issues/manners. This paper attempted to investigate self-care/self-development (SC/SD) practices among refugee adolescents in Germany, as part of a needs assessment based on triangulation (including three qualitative datasets from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and photographic data). Methods Sixteen male and female refugee adolescents (aged 14–19) from 4 countries participated in the study. Before research implementation, a briefing session was held to explain the details of the project. Participants were asked to take their photos within 6 weeks and send them to the research team along with the answers to 5 questions, following a modified version of PHOTO protocol. For the photo-elicitation study, the participants were invited to join a group discussion session. Results From the collected data including 41 photos and their related statements, four major themes of: “I adapt to the new situation”, “I start to learn again”, “I find new opportunities”, and “I love myself” emerged, illustrating how the refugee adolescents visualized their perspective and practices toward SC/SD. In the group discussion session, the participants mainly emphasized the importance of keeping the good aspects of the original culture in their SC/SD practices. Conclusions The results of this study improve the understanding about SC/SD practices among refugee adolescents and provide a support to the existing literatures for using art-based methods as an effective participatory tool to communicate with adolescents, especially in hard-to-reach populations. The findings also reveal the capacity of refugee adolescents to be involved in youth-based program planning, which can be a significant potential in health care services for this population.

Machine-learning to analyze human-building interactions: How do people use mobile solar protections?

Buildings significantly impact urban energy consumption. Mobile passive solutions, such as manual solar protections, can mitigate heat gains, but their effectiveness depends on occupants’ decisions. Analyzing occupant adjustments of manual systems is challenging due to the complexity of human behavior. While multiple studies have observed human-building interactions, analyzing large buildings over extended periods remains a technical challenge. This study examines 359 manually controlled solar protections over a year using systematic photographic data. To manage the large volume of images, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm was employed to cluster similar solar protection positions for each window, which were then manually tagged to identify their positions. Results show that solar protections are mostly closed year-round (28 % aperture on average), with minimal differences between occupied and non-occupied days and between warm and cool seasons. Notably, one-third of the solar protections were not operated throughout the year. Our results provide insights into the usage of manual façade systems and offer valuable knowledge for energy simulation. Methodologically, the use of machine-learning algorithms presents a new way to process large datasets of images, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing quality over quantity and strategic data collection. Future research can apply this methodology to different building types and climates to gain broader insights into occupant behavior and solar protection interactions.

Landcare and Landscapes and Accidental Beauty: Failing Digital Technologies and the Gaze of Child Researchers

This visual essay curates an exhibition of photographic data from a project with children about Landcare, a not-for-profit organization dedicated to managing environmental issues in local communities across Australia. The project sought to empower children to engage with Landcare Reserves through participatory arts-based research to map their awareness of and participation in local Landcare Reserve sites. This visual essay recognizes the images as agentic entities, with the power to activate the gaze beyond the boundaries of this project as embedded yet transcendent from it whilst simultaneously acknowledging the ‘failing’ agency of the sensing body of the camera.

Using a location-based game to collect preference information for urban and rural forest planning

Location-based games provide an opportunity to collect crowdsourced, spatially explicit data that can be used in decision-making processes in forest planning. While these games have been more widely used in collecting mapping and modelling data, there is limited research on their suitability for collecting location-based data on human preferences, opinions, and emotions in these contexts. Collecting human-centred data can be resource-intensive and costly, hence exploring the potential of location-based games is important. This study investigates the use of geocaching in gathering meaningful data in urban and rural settings. A methodology was developed wherein surveys were embedded in geocaches on trails located in urban and rural forests in Finland. These surveys collected quantitative, qualitative, and photographic data relating to human-forest relationships and landscape preferences. The findings indicate that trails closer to urban areas with higher population density showed increased cache log volume and survey response rates. Moreover, trails tended to collect most information in the first summer after establishment. It is recommended that future studies employing this methodology create shorter, easily accessible, circular trails and that survey questions should be clear and incorporate a method to verify that submitted responses reflect experiences at the chosen location. Furthermore, forest planning professionals and researchers seeking to utilise location-based games in data collection are advised to engage with the communities active in playing them to ensure success..

Aranyapur Pancharatna Temple: A Study of its Archaeological and Historical Significance in Cumilla, Bangladesh

Ratna style temple architecture flourished in the Bengal Delta from the mid-17th century to the 19th century. Although there is a clear distinction between the Ratna style temples and the ancient Bengal temples built in the North Indian Nagara and South Indian Dravidian styles, a careful analysis of the architectural structure of the Ratna temples reveals influences from both North and South Indian temple architecture. The incorporation of Indo-Islamic architectural features into Ratna temples, as seen in other contemporary structures like mosques, palaces, and forts, has given this style its uniqueness. This style of temple construction is not found elsewhere in the Indian subcontinent, except in the Bengal region. Among the various Ratna styles, the Pancharatna temple architecture is the most prevalent. The aim of this study is to review the origin and development of the Ratna style temple in Bengal and to provide a brief insight into the amalgamation of various architectural styles in the Pancharatna temples across Bengal by examining the architectural features of the Aranyapur Pancharatna temple in Cumilla. Through field surveys and photographic data analysis, the researcher has identified the architectural characteristics of the Ratna style, including Indo-Islamic and European influences, as well as the indigenous Chala style of Bengal. Additionally, other features of the aforementioned temple, such as its octagonal shape, sanctum sanctorum, arched circumambulatory path, three entrances on three sides, and the curved cornice of the central Ratna, have been compared with those of other Pancharatna temples in Bengal.

Is a 3 mm Surgical Margin Safe for Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Head and Neck that is Less than 2 cm, Considering Different Risk Factors?

Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of nonmelanoma skin cancer. Typically, resection requires a safety margin of ≥4 mm. When removing tumor cells, achieving complete excision with minimal safety margins and reconstructing the defect to preserve the original appearance are important. In this study, we used a 3-mm resection margin to confirm recurrence and re-resection rates. Methods Electronic medical records and photographic data were obtained for patients with primary BCC lesions less than 2 cm in diameter who underwent wide excision with a 3-mm surgical margin from January 2015 to November 2021. We analyzed factors determining recurrence and re-resection rates, such as tumor size, location, age, sex, underlying diseases (including immunosuppression state), ethnicity, subtypes, tumor borders, etc. Results This study included 205 patients. The mean age and follow-up period were 73.0 ± 11.5 years and 10.2 ± 8.0 months, respectively. The recurrence and re-resection rates were 1.95% and 25.85%, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between recurrence rate and tumor border ( p = 0.013) and the re-resection rate was correlated statistically with location ( p = 0.022) and immunosuppressed patients ( p = 0.006). Conclusion We found that a 3-mm excision margin provided sufficient safety in small facial BCC, resulting in ease of surgery and better aesthetic outcomes. However, surgical margins must be determined case by case by integrating various patient factors. In particular, a surgical margin of ≥4 mm is required for BCC in high-risk areas, immunosuppressed patients, or poorly defined border.

Correcting for measurement errors in a long‐term aerial survey with auxiliary photographic data

AbstractLong‐term, large‐scale monitoring of wildlife populations is an integral part of conservation research and management. However, some traditional monitoring protocols lack the information needed to account for sources of measurement error in data analyses. Ignoring measurement error, such as partial availability, imperfect detection, and species misidentification, can lead to mischaracterizations of population states and processes. Accounting for measurement error is key to robust monitoring of populations, which can inform a wide variety of decisions, including harvest, habitat restoration, and determination of the legal status of species. We undertook an effort to retroactively minimize bias in a large‐scale, long‐term monitoring program for marine birds in the Salish Sea, Washington, USA, by conducting an auxiliary study to jointly estimate components of measurement error. We built a novel model in a Bayesian framework that simultaneously harnessed human observer and photographic data types to produce estimates necessary to correct for the effects of partial availability, imperfect detection, and species misidentification. Across all 31 species identified in photographs, both observers had instances of undercounting and overcounting birds but tended to undercount (observers undercounted totals across all species on 69.3%–78.9% of transects). We estimated species‐specific correction factors that can be used to correct both historical and future counts from the Salish Sea survey, which has been running since 1992. Our novel modeling framework can be applied in other multispecies monitoring contexts where minimal photographic data can be collected for the purposes of correcting for measurement error in large‐scale, long‐term datasets.

Longitudinal analysis of body dissatisfaction: the desire to be thinner among women in Japan during low-risk pregnancies.

Body dissatisfaction during pregnancy can significantly impact maternal and child health. Therefore, this longitudinal study investigated changes in body dissatisfaction using two figure rating scales developed from photographic digital data of Japanese pregnant women during the sixth and tenth months of pregnancy. Study participants were recruited at their sixth month prenatal visit at a primary maternity clinic in Japan from October 2014 to March 2015. Body dissatisfaction was estimated based on the perceived and ideal body sizes of 135 pregnant women, expressed as body mass index. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. The study found that body dissatisfaction in the tenth month was significantly higher than that in the sixth month. Among the participants, 75 (55.6%) and 79 (58.5%) experienced body dissatisfaction, desiring to be thinner (where perceived body size exceeded ideal body size) during the sixth and tenth months of pregnancy, respectively. Pregnant women who had body dissatisfaction and a desire to be thinner in the sixth month tended to experience an increase in body dissatisfaction by the tenth month compared to those without body dissatisfaction in the sixth month. During the sixth and tenth months, women with body dissatisfaction showed significantly larger perceived body sizes than those without body dissatisfaction. These results indicated that the use of a figure rating scale at the sixth month of pregnancy may help identify women with body dissatisfaction; moreover, perceived body size might be a key factor in preventing an increase in body dissatisfaction from the second to third trimesters.

Linguistic landscape as a tool of identity negotiation: The case of the Nepali ethnic communities in West Bengal

Ethnic identity is dynamic and hence mutable concerning time and place. It is a social construction that involves society and its actors. Ethnic identity as a social construction is not free from the negotiation process. Such negotiations occur through various tools, the linguistic landscape being one of them. Despite the plethora of literature on identity negotiation in a multicultural and multilingual context, the linguistic landscape has not been sufficiently explored, especially considering it a tool in the ethnic identity negotiation process. Thus, how an ethnic community negotiates identity through linguistic landscape has been the major quest of the research. Therefore, the research tries to empirically examine the process of identity negotiation among the Nepali ethnic communities of Siliguri in the Darjeeling district of the state of West Bengal, India. 60 shop signs of the Nepali ethnic communities were photographed, applying the photographic data collection method. Unstructured interviews with each Nepali shop owner (ethnic sign producer) were also conducted. Photographic data were analyzed semiotically, and thematic and narrative analysis methods were adopted to interpret the interview data. In general, a mixed-method approach was used to analyze the data. The findings suggest that ethnic members symbolically ethnicize their shop signs to negotiate identity. The study shows how LL can be a tool of ethnic identity politics in India. The study signifies how ethnic communities assert identity through LL signage and how LL acts as an effective tool for identity negotiation in contemporary multicultural and multilingual Indian society. Also, this study contends that ethnicity is a relevant aspect of contemporary society and a political resource to ethnic communities.

Auricular spoon-shaped crus malformation including variants: Clinical features and a novel surgical approach

BackgroundCertain auricular malformations are uncommon and lack generally accepted diagnostic names. This study investigates an uncommon complex auricular malformation known as auricular spoon-shaped crus malformation providing a detailed description of its external characteristics. Additionally, an effective surgical approach is proposed. MethodsBetween 1991 and 2023, 12 auricles from 11 patients with as the auricular spoon-shaped crus malformation including variants were surgically treated at our center. Patient medical records and photographic data were retrospectively reviewed. ResultsEach auricle exhibited 2 to 4 major structural deformities within the five areas of the superior crus, inferior crus and stem of the antihelix, helical crus, and earlobe. These deformities resulted in depression between the antihelix and antitragus, vertical shortening, horizontal elongation of the auricle, and/or drooping of the ear. Three patients displayed a low positioning of the malformed ear, and eight patients exhibited mild to moderate hemifacial microsomia. Earlier corrections we conducted utilized various methods with variable aesthetic outcomes. Recently, the improved corrective method we implemented yielded consistently promising aesthetic results. We have confidence that adopting the surgical approach we suggest can lead to promising aesthetic results when addressing this malformation. Furthermore, we hope that the presented malformation will be recognized as a primary auricular malformation by auricular surgeons in the future.

Deciphering Rind Color Heterogeneity of Smear-Ripened Munster Cheese and Its Association with Microbiota.

Color is one of the first criteria to assess the quality of cheese. However, very limited data are available on the color heterogeneity of the rind and its relationship with microbial community structure. In this study, the color of a wide range of smear-ripened Munster cheeses from various origins was monitored during storage by photographic imaging and data analysis in the CIELAB color space using luminance, chroma, and hue angle as descriptors. Different levels of inter- and intra-cheese heterogeneity were observed. The most heterogeneous Munster cheeses were the darkest with orange-red colors. The most homogeneous were the brightest with yellow-orange. K-means clustering revealed three clusters distinguished by their color heterogeneity. Color analysis coupled with metabarcoding showed that rinds with heterogeneous color exhibited higher microbial diversity associated with important changes in their microbial community structure during storage. In addition, intra-cheese community structure fluctuations were associated with heterogeneity in rind color. The species Glutamicibacter arilaitensis and Psychrobacter nivimaris/piscatorii were found to be positively associated with the presence of undesirable brown patches. This study highlights the close relationship between the heterogeneity of the cheese rind and its microbiota.

Linguistic landscape as social identity construction of the public space: an empirical study of the plain region of Darjeeling district

ABSTRACT In the past decade, Linguistic Landscape Studies (LLS) have grown into a robust discipline within sociolinguistics. There is a growing focus on multilingualism within linguistic landscape (LL) scholarship, which is gaining traction in European contexts. However, empirical research conducted in Indian contexts has been notably scarce despite India’s potential as a multilingual society. This study addresses the research gap by focusing on an Indian urban context, i.e. Siliguri. The study aims to explore the social identity construction of Siliguri through LL in light of the theoretical underpinning proposed by Landry and Bourhis (1997) and Ben-Rafael et al. (2006). A total of 446 photographic data were collected and analysed employing a mixed method analysis. The findings show five languages in the LL: English, Bengali, Hindi, Nepali, and Urdu. English is the most commonly used language, followed by Bengali, Hindi, Nepali, and Urdu. Furthermore, the finding shows the city as an emerging commercial hub in the entire North Bengal, leaning towards Western cultural influences and the process of globalisation. The predominant representation of English signs in public spaces also proves their high symbolic value in the city, making it a language with ‘linguistic capital’.

Linguistic landscaping in Kathmandu’s Thamel ‘Chinatown’: language as commodity in the construction of a cosmopolitan transnational space

ABSTRACT This study explores the linguistic landscape of a new unofficial 'Chinatown' in Kathmandu, Nepal. Located in the tourist hub Thamel, this Chinatown came into being recently because of globalisation and China's outbound tourism boom. Using authentic photographic data, this study examines how the use of Chinese and various semiotic elements (e.g. colour) contributes to the making of a commodified ethnic enclave and space of consumption, where a foreign culture is inscribed and embedded in the existing built environment. Unlike the traditional old-world Chinatowns, simplified Chinese characters are omnipresent in this Chinatown and many Chinese-run business names are highly up-to-date and reflect the latest trends in their home country. The exclusive use of monolingual Chinese is also commonplace. Interestingly, awkwardly hand-copied Chinese and Google translated Chinese are used as part of local businesses' marketing repertoire in what can be called 'linguistic jugaad'. Additionally, some local businesses resort to creative, affective and playful language to attract and engage with Chinese tourists. Contributing to research on ethnic enclaves and urban sociolinguistics, this study highlights language as commodity in transforming/constructing a cosmopolitan transnational space in our globalised and mobile world, illustrating how South-South population flows can leave material traces in a place's linguistic ecology.

ПАСПОРТИЗАЦИЯ АВТОМОБИЛЬНЫХ ДОРОГ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ И ДВОЙНИКОВ

The large scale of the Russian road sector requires the use of digital technologies, the creation of digital twins to improve the quality of management, while limited resources should be taken into account. The purpose of the study is to develop and test an approach to the certification of highways based on the creation of digital twins, taking into account Russian regulatory requirements. In this work, digital twins of roads were obtained based on photographic data and laser scanning using a mobile road laboratory. The quality, accuracy, and completeness of digital twin information meet a Russian regulatory requirement, which makes it possible to generate technical passports for registering objects for cadastral registration. The use of digital twins, compared to field inspection of roads, has a 1.5-2.0 times lower cost and reduces the time required for completing work by 2.5-3.0 times.

‘Little Arabia’ on Buddhist land: Exploring the linguistic landscape of Bangkok’s ‘Soi Arab’ enclave

Abstract Never formally colonised by Western powers, Thailand is a rapidly developing nation in Southeast Asia. To outsiders, the assumption might be that Thailand is a homogenous Thai-speaking Buddhist country. However, such over-simplistic views ignore diversity and the existence of de facto multilingualism and multiculturalism on the ground. This linguistic landscape (LL) study explores a unique and sociolinguistically compelling area called ‘Little Arabia’ (Soi Arab) in the heart of Bangkok, where elements of both Islamic and Buddhist civilisations meet. The existence of this Middle Eastern enclave creates a sense of contrasts on linguistic, religious, and cultural levels. Because of globalisation and spurred by (medical and sex) tourism, this area boasts a number of halal restaurants, hotels, travel agencies, stores, pharmacies, and clinics. This gives rise to an interesting sociolinguistic ecology, featuring an ‘ethnic’ economy which caters to the needs of tourists and businessmen hailing from the Arab world. Drawing on authentic photographic data, this study explores how various linguistic practices give the area a unique identity. More specifically, we reveal how various languages (including Arabic, Thai, and English) are mobilised and combined in ways that illustrate translation practices evidenced within the enclave for particularised marketing, commercial, and communication purposes. Theoretically and conceptually, the term ‘machine-translated multilingualism’ is coined to capture the growing trend for businesses to resort to translation software for multilingual communication, which may result in non-standard translations and orthographic forms. This study contributes to a growing body of sociolinguistic research examining LLs in global cities and commercial hubs in the Global South, particularly those arising from ‘South-South’ population flows.

Fundamental LCZ Mapping with ArcGIS-Based Spatial and Correlational Analyses to Study the Impacts of Infrastructural Area- Maximum Volume (A-MV) Attributes on OTC – An Urban Aw Summer Case

The aim of this study is to map the study location stretches into 100mx100m local climate zones (LCZs) on the basis of primary observations and secondary photographic data for spatial analysis of various urban infrastructural elements (grey(G)-built structures, blue(B)-water bodies and green (Gr)-natural vegetation) and impact assessment of their estimated area (EA) and maximum volume (EMV)) on the air temperature (Ta) that characterizes the outdoor thermal comfort (OTC). Climate Modification by Urban Infrastructure, Fundamental Concepts of Urban Infrastructure Mensuration Parameters, Fundamental Concepts of Urban Grey Blue Green Infrastructure (UGBGI) and Concepts Of OTC, Koppen Classification and LCZs are the linked areas. Study locations are based on socio-economic and geophysical attributes. Initial 200 pilot survey responses regarding thermal sensation votes and other subjective details were used. Preferred values of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and optimum Ta have been used. After the mapping in ArcGIS and polygonal delineation of the areas, EA values were compiled in tabular format. Based on primary measurements and secondary studies, a maximum height (hmax) value was assigned to each sub-category for EMV evaluation. Statistically, the EA and estimated perimeter (EP) values were analyzed using QQ, scatter plots, histogram and generate near table tools in ArcGIS. EA and EMV values were correlated with mean Ta values by linear regression. The R-square values generated gave a clear idea about the extent of their impacts on Ta. From the established relationships and preferred PET and optimum Ta values, optimum EA, EMV and hmax values of the broader categories(G,B,Gr) required for preferred OTC levels were finally evaluated.